CN115124784B - High-voltage direct-current-resistant cable - Google Patents
High-voltage direct-current-resistant cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN115124784B CN115124784B CN202210932434.XA CN202210932434A CN115124784B CN 115124784 B CN115124784 B CN 115124784B CN 202210932434 A CN202210932434 A CN 202210932434A CN 115124784 B CN115124784 B CN 115124784B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and discloses a high-voltage direct-current resistant cable which comprises a cable core and a protective sleeve sleeved outside the cable core, wherein the protective sleeve is made of a polypropylene composite material, and the preparation method of the polypropylene composite material comprises the following steps: 1) Drying the polypropylene base material in an oven to remove water in the raw materials; 2) Uniformly mixing a polypropylene base material and titanium dioxide composite particles, and feeding the mixture into an internal mixer for mixing to obtain a premix; 3) And adding the polyolefin elastomer and the ethylene bis-oleamide dispersing agent into the premix, and continuously mixing to obtain the polypropylene composite material. The high-voltage direct-current resistant cable prepared by the invention has excellent high-voltage resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a high-voltage direct-current resistant cable.
Background
The high-voltage direct-current cable transmission is an important component of high-voltage direct-current transmission, and the cable transmission has the following advantages in the power transmission process: the power transmission line is buried in a low pipeline or a channel, has narrow transmission line corridor and small occupied area, is suitable for rivers, lakes or mountainous areas with complex terrain conditions, and is also suitable for urban areas with high population density, traffic congestion, tense land resources and few transmission corridors. The underground cable is hardly influenced by the surrounding environment pollution and the weather conditions, the power transmission stability is high, and the underground cable is safe and reliable to a human body. The state of the art of dc plastic cables has lagged behind ac cables, primarily because of the significant difference in electrical performance of the polymer insulation between dc and ac. The electric field distribution in the insulating medium under the alternating current electric field is determined by the dielectric constant. While the dielectric constant is not affected by temperature changes and electric field distribution. In dc fields, the electric field distribution in the insulating medium depends mainly on the resistance, which is very sensitive to temperature and to changes in the electric field, sometimes by several orders of magnitude. Because the insulation temperature of the cable is reduced from inside to outside when the cable works normally, and the conductivity of the insulation is exponentially reduced along with the increase of the temperature, the electric field intensity at the outer diameter of the insulation is higher than that at the inner diameter of the insulation under certain conditions. In addition, the voltage polarity under the alternating current electric field is constantly changed, so the space charge accumulation phenomenon in the insulation of the alternating current cable is not obvious. However, in a direct current electric field, the cable insulation is under the action of a single-polarity voltage for a long time, and the problem of space charge accumulation is very easy to generate. The spatial charge accumulation can cause distortion in the electric field distribution in the cable, causing local high field strength, thereby further inducing partial discharge and aging breakdown problems. The level of the power cable is critical in determining the cable voltage level and operational reliability. The polypropylene direct current cable existing in the current market is easy to generate the accumulation problem of space charge, and the high voltage resistance of the cable is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-voltage direct current resistant cable for overcoming the problems in the prior art. The high-voltage direct-current resistant cable prepared by the invention has excellent high-voltage resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the high-voltage direct-current-resistant cable comprises a cable core and a protective sleeve sleeved outside the cable core, wherein the protective sleeve is made of a polypropylene composite material, and the preparation method of the polypropylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) Drying the polypropylene base material in an oven to remove water in the raw materials;
2) Uniformly mixing a polypropylene base material and titanium dioxide composite particles, and feeding the mixture into an internal mixer for mixing to obtain a premix;
3) And adding the polyolefin elastomer and the ethylene bis-oleamide dispersing agent into the premix, and continuously mixing to obtain the polypropylene composite material.
Preferably, the drying temperature in the step 1) is 50-70 ℃, and the drying time is 10-20h.
Preferably, the titanium dioxide composite particles added in the step 2) are 2-5wt% of the polypropylene base material.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyolefin elastomer to the polypropylene base material in the step 3) is 1:2-3.
Preferably, the addition amount of the ethylene bis-oleamide dispersant in the step 3) is 0.2-0.8% of the polypropylene base material.
Preferably, the method for preparing the titanium dioxide composite particles in the step 2) comprises the following steps:
adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles into deionized water, performing ultrasonic oscillation to prepare a suspension, adding sodium hexametaphosphate serving as a dispersing agent into the suspension, continuing to perform ultrasonic oscillation to disperse uniformly to obtain a dispersion, heating the dispersion to 85-90 ℃, adding sodium silicate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium silicate to the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1.5-0.8, then adding dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 8-10, aging under a constant temperature condition, filtering, placing in a muffle furnace to dry under a high temperature condition, and grinding to obtain the titanium dioxide composite particles.
According to the invention, the high-voltage resistance of the polypropylene cable is enhanced by adding the titanium dioxide composite particles into the polypropylene cable. According to the invention, by depositing smaller-particle nano silicon dioxide on the surface of the titanium dioxide nano particles, a silicon dioxide point-shaped convex structure can be formed on the surface of the titanium dioxide in a covering manner, and a large number of structures are formed between the silicon dioxide point-shaped convex structure and a polypropylene macromolecule to form deep traps, so that the accumulation of charges in a sample is inhibited, the electric field distortion in a polymer is reduced, the transfer characteristic of a current carrier is changed, and the breakdown field strength is improved. The interface structure formed between the titanium dioxide composite particles and the polypropylene is different from the existing common particles, the added titanium dioxide composite particles cover the surface of the titanium dioxide to form a silicon dioxide point-shaped convex structure, and higher trap energy level density and depth are formed between the convex structure and the polypropylene, so that more charges can be captured, and the accumulation of the charges in the sample is inhibited. The invention further researches and discovers that a more obvious and finished silicon dioxide point-shaped convex structure can be formed in a reasonable interval through the mass ratio of sodium silicate to titanium dioxide nano particles, a sufficient silicon dioxide point-shaped convex structure cannot be formed due to the small addition amount of sodium silicate, and silicon dioxide is deposited on the surface of titanium dioxide more densely due to the large addition amount of sodium silicate, so that the finished silicon dioxide point-shaped convex structure cannot be formed.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the suspension is 1 to 3wt%.
Preferably, the aging time is 6 to 10 hours.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the protective sleeve is prepared from the improved polypropylene composite material, so that the high-voltage direct-current resistant cable with excellent high-voltage resistance is obtained. According to the invention, smaller-particle nano silicon dioxide is deposited on the surface of the titanium dioxide nano particles, a silicon dioxide point-like convex structure can be formed on the surface of the titanium dioxide in a covering manner, and a large number of structures are formed between the silicon dioxide point-like convex structure and the polypropylene polymer to form a deep trap, so that the accumulation of charges in a sample is inhibited, the electric field distortion in the polymer is reduced, the migration characteristic of a current carrier is changed, and the breakdown field strength is improved.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, raw materials, equipment, and the like used are commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The invention discloses a high-voltage direct-current-resistant cable which comprises a cable core and a protective sleeve sleeved outside the cable core, wherein the protective sleeve is made of a polypropylene composite material, and the preparation method of the polypropylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) Drying the polypropylene base material in an oven to remove water in the raw materials;
2) Uniformly mixing a polypropylene base material and titanium dioxide composite particles, and feeding the mixture into an internal mixer for mixing to obtain a premix;
3) And adding the polyolefin elastomer and the ethylene bis-oleamide dispersing agent into the premix, and continuously mixing to obtain the polypropylene composite material.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. The polyolefin elastomer used in the specific examples was Engage8150, an ethylene-olefin copolymer, manufactured by DOW chemical company, having a density of 0.868g/cm3, an ethylene content of 75%, and a melt flow rate of 0.5g/10min.
Example 1
The preparation method of the titanium dioxide composite particle comprises the following steps:
adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles into deionized water, performing ultrasonic oscillation to prepare a suspension with the mass concentration of 2wt%, adding a sodium hexametaphosphate dispersant into the suspension, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 0.5wt% of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles, continuing performing ultrasonic oscillation to disperse uniformly to obtain a dispersion, heating the dispersion to 90 ℃, adding sodium silicate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium silicate to the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1.
The preparation method of the polypropylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the polypropylene base material in an oven, drying for 20h at 60 ℃, and removing water in the raw materials;
2) Uniformly mixing a polypropylene base material and titanium dioxide composite particles, wherein the addition amount of the titanium dioxide composite particles is 4wt% of that of the polypropylene base material, and feeding the mixture into an internal mixer to mix for 15min at 150 ℃ to obtain a premix;
3) Adding a polyolefin elastomer and an ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent into the premix, wherein the mass ratio of the polyolefin elastomer to the polypropylene base material is 1.
And (3) preparing the polypropylene composite material prepared in the step into a protective sleeve, and sleeving the protective sleeve outside the cable core to obtain the high-voltage direct current resistant cable.
Example 2
The preparation method of the titanium dioxide composite particle comprises the following steps:
adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles into deionized water, performing ultrasonic oscillation to prepare a suspension with the mass concentration of 1.5wt%, adding a sodium hexametaphosphate dispersant into the suspension, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 0.5wt% of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles, continuing to perform ultrasonic oscillation to disperse uniformly to obtain a dispersion, heating the dispersion to 85 ℃, adding sodium silicate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium silicate to the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1.
The preparation method of the polypropylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the polypropylene base material in an oven, drying for 20h at 60 ℃, and removing water in the raw materials;
2) Uniformly mixing a polypropylene base material and titanium dioxide composite particles, wherein the addition amount of the titanium dioxide composite particles is 2.5wt% of the polypropylene base material, and feeding the mixture into an internal mixer to mix for 15min at 150 ℃ to obtain a premix;
3) Adding a polyolefin elastomer and an ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent into the premix, wherein the mass ratio of the polyolefin elastomer to the polypropylene base material is 1:2, and the addition amount of the ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent is 0.3 percent of the polypropylene base material, continuously mixing for 30min, cooling and granulating to obtain the polypropylene composite material.
And (3) preparing the polypropylene composite material prepared in the step into a protective sleeve, and sleeving the protective sleeve outside the cable core to obtain the high-voltage direct current resistant cable.
Example 3
The preparation method of the titanium dioxide composite particle comprises the following steps:
adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles into deionized water, performing ultrasonic oscillation to prepare a suspension with the mass concentration of 2wt%, adding a sodium hexametaphosphate dispersant into the suspension, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 0.5wt% of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles, continuing performing ultrasonic oscillation to disperse uniformly to obtain a dispersion, heating the dispersion to 87 ℃, adding sodium silicate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium silicate to the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1.
The preparation method of the polypropylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the polypropylene base material in an oven, drying for 20h at 60 ℃, and removing water in the raw materials;
2) Uniformly mixing a polypropylene base material and titanium dioxide composite particles, wherein the addition amount of the titanium dioxide composite particles is 3wt% of the polypropylene base material, and feeding the mixture into an internal mixer to mix for 15min at 150 ℃ to obtain a premix;
3) Adding a polyolefin elastomer and an ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent into the premix, wherein the mass ratio of the polyolefin elastomer to the polypropylene base material is 1.
And (3) preparing the polypropylene composite material prepared in the step into a protective sleeve, and sleeving the protective sleeve outside the cable core to obtain the high-voltage direct current resistant cable.
Example 4
The preparation method of the titanium dioxide composite particle comprises the following steps:
adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles into deionized water, performing ultrasonic oscillation to prepare a suspension with the mass concentration of 3wt%, adding a sodium hexametaphosphate dispersant into the suspension, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 0.5wt% of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles, continuing performing ultrasonic oscillation to disperse uniformly to obtain a dispersion, heating the dispersion to 90 ℃, adding sodium silicate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium silicate to the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1.
The preparation method of the polypropylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the polypropylene base material in an oven, drying for 20h at 60 ℃, and removing water in the raw materials;
2) Uniformly mixing a polypropylene base material and titanium dioxide composite particles, wherein the adding amount of the titanium dioxide composite particles is 5wt% of the polypropylene base material, and feeding the mixture into an internal mixer to mix for 15min at 150 ℃ to obtain a premix;
3) Adding a polyolefin elastomer and an ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent into the premix, wherein the mass ratio of the polyolefin elastomer to the polypropylene base material is 1:3, the addition amount of the ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent is 0.8 percent of the polypropylene base material, continuously mixing for 30min, cooling and granulating to obtain the polypropylene composite material.
And (3) preparing the polypropylene composite material prepared in the step into a protective sleeve, and sleeving the protective sleeve outside the cable core to obtain the high-voltage direct current resistant cable.
Example 5
The preparation method of the titanium dioxide composite particle comprises the following steps:
adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles into deionized water, performing ultrasonic oscillation to prepare a suspension with the mass concentration of 1wt%, adding a sodium hexametaphosphate dispersant into the suspension, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 0.5wt% of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles, continuing to perform ultrasonic oscillation to disperse uniformly to obtain a dispersion, heating the dispersion to 85 ℃, adding sodium silicate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium silicate to the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1.
The preparation method of the polypropylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the polypropylene base material in an oven, drying for 20h at 60 ℃, and removing water in the raw materials;
2) Uniformly mixing a polypropylene base material and titanium dioxide composite particles, wherein the addition amount of the titanium dioxide composite particles is 2wt% of the polypropylene base material, and feeding the mixture into an internal mixer to mix for 15min at 150 ℃ to obtain a premix;
3) Adding a polyolefin elastomer and an ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent into the premix, wherein the mass ratio of the polyolefin elastomer to the polypropylene base material is 1:2, and the addition amount of the ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent is 0.2 percent of the polypropylene base material, continuously mixing for 30min, cooling and granulating to obtain the polypropylene composite material.
And (3) preparing the polypropylene composite material prepared in the step into a protective sleeve, and sleeving the protective sleeve outside the cable core to obtain the high-voltage direct current resistant cable.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is different from example 1 in that the titanium dioxide composite particles are replaced with the same amount of silica.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that the mass ratio of sodium silicate to titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is different from example 1 in that the mass ratio of sodium silicate to titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1.
And (3) performance testing:
1. testing the mechanical property of the material by adopting a universal material testing machine according to the ASTM D638 standard, wherein the testing temperature is 25 ℃, the tensile rate is 30mm/min, the sample is dumbbell-shaped, the length is 16mm, the thickness is 1mm, and the width is 4mm;
2. adopting a method for analyzing the SPD of the sample based on surface potential attenuation to test the trap level density of the sample with the trap level of 1 eV;
3. the breakdown field strength of the polypropylene composite material is measured by adopting a ball-ball electrode, the sample is wiped by alcohol to remove impurities on the surface before the test, then the sample is placed in a 60 ℃ oven for 24 hours to remove moisture interference, and the direct-current breakdown strength of the sample is tested by adopting a continuous boosting method, wherein the boosting rate is 0.5Kv/s.
Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
Tensile Strength (MPa) | 33.8 | 33.2 | 33.5 | 33.2 | 33.7 | 33.9 |
Trap level density (10) 20 ev -1 m -3 ) | 4.6 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.5 |
Breakdown field strength kv/mm | 365.3 | 355.2 | 362.6 | 287.6 | 323.2 | 331.8 |
From the test results shown in the above table, it can be obtained that the trap energy level density and the breakdown field strength in examples 1 to 3 are both higher than those in comparative example 1, because the invention can form a silica dot-shaped protruding structure on the surface of titanium dioxide by depositing smaller particles of nano silica on the surface of titanium dioxide nano particles, and a large number of structures are formed between the silica dot-shaped protruding structure and the polypropylene polymer to form deep traps, thereby better inhibiting the accumulation of charges in the sample.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting, and that changes and modifications may be made to the above described embodiments without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a polypropylene composite material of a high-voltage direct current resistant cable is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Drying the polypropylene base material in an oven to remove water in the raw materials;
2) Uniformly mixing a polypropylene base material and titanium dioxide composite particles, wherein the addition amount of the titanium dioxide composite particles is 2-5wt% of that of the polypropylene base material, and feeding the mixture into an internal mixer for mixing to obtain a premix;
3) Adding a polyolefin elastomer and an ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent into the premix, wherein the mass ratio of the polyolefin elastomer to the polypropylene base material is 1:2-3, the addition amount of the ethylene bis-oleic acid amide dispersing agent is 0.2-0.8% of the polypropylene base material, and continuously mixing to obtain the high-voltage direct-current-resistant cable polypropylene composite material;
wherein, the preparation method of the titanium dioxide composite particles in the step 2) comprises the following steps:
adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles into deionized water, performing ultrasonic oscillation to prepare a suspension, wherein the mass concentration of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the suspension is 1-3wt%, adding sodium hexametaphosphate serving as a dispersing agent into the suspension, continuing to perform ultrasonic oscillation to disperse uniformly to obtain a dispersion, heating the dispersion to 85-90 ℃, adding sodium silicate, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium silicate to the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1.6-0.7, then adding dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 8-10, aging at a constant temperature, filtering, drying in a muffle furnace at a high temperature, and grinding to obtain the titanium dioxide composite particles.
2. The preparation method of the polypropylene composite material for the high voltage direct current resistant cable according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in the step 1) is 50-70 ℃, and the drying time is 10-20h.
3. The preparation method of the polypropylene composite material for the high voltage direct current resistant cable according to claim 1, wherein the aging time is 6-10 hours.
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