CN115121795A

CN115121795A - Shell structure capable of driving metal gallium drops to move, and preparation method and application method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115121795A
Application number: CN202210606151.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵俊凤; 戴菡; 毕旭; 余鑫祥; 郭晓彤; 董晓燕; 孙有政
Original assignee: Yantai Nanshan University
Current assignee: Yantai Nanshan University
Priority date: 2022-05-31
Filing date: 2022-05-31
Publication date: 2022-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-31
Also published as: CN115121795B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of functional materials, in particular to a shell structure capable of driving metal gallium drops to move, a preparation method and an application method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the characteristic that the copper and gallium surface rapidly contacts at normal temperature to form copper-gallium alloy to generate strong adhesion and the foam nickel and gallium are not wetted, designs the copper foil @ foam nickel shell structure for the liquid metal gallium, the structure has obvious response to a static magnetic field, and the movement of metal gallium liquid drops can be driven through the static magnetic field. Meanwhile, the inner side of the structure has strong adhesive force with the surface of the liquid metal gallium, but the outer side of the structure is not soaked with the gallium completely, so that the polymerization of liquid metal gallium drops in acid/alkaline solution can be effectively avoided.

Description

Shell structure capable of driving metal gallium drops to move, and preparation method and application method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of functional materials or the technical field of robots, in particular to a shell structure capable of driving metal gallium drops to move, and a preparation method and an application method thereof.

Background

Under the condition of room temperature, the metal gallium and the room temperature alloy thereof have excellent fluidity, variable surface tension, extremely high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and low toxicity, so that the metal gallium and the room temperature alloy thereof are widely applied to the fields of flexible robots, flexible electronic devices and the like. In recent years, researchers have found that the movement of metallic gallium can be driven effectively by, for example, an electric field or a reaction of metallic aluminum with a solution in the gallium. However, since gallium is not magnetic, it is difficult to drive the movement of gallium by a static magnetic field. Some researchers add micron-sized powders of Fe, Ni, etc. into metal gallium, and drive the movement of gallium droplets by the magnetism of these powders. However, micron-sized powders of Fe, Ni, etc. significantly affect the fluidity of gallium metal, and are difficult to separate from liquid gallium. Meanwhile, in the above research system, the metal gallium liquid drops must be isolated because when different metal gallium liquid drops approach each other, the metal gallium liquid drops can be rapidly fused to form larger liquid drops due to the extremely large interatomic attraction of the metal gallium. At present, in a solution system, research on inhibition of metal gallium droplet polymerization is limited to micro-nano scale, and the adopted method mainly focuses on adhesion of organic layers such as polydopamine, polyethylene glycol (5-20 kDa) and the like. The organic materials adhered to the surface of the micro-nano metal gallium particles have no magnetism, so that gallium liquid drops are difficult to drive by a magnetic field.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problem or one of the technical problems, the present invention provides a shell structure capable of driving metal gallium drops to move, which is different from the prior art and comprises a nickel foam sheet and a copper foil adhered to the nickel foam sheet, wherein the ratio of the external diameters of the copper foil and the nickel foam sheet is 1:1 to 1: 2.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the shell structure capable of driving the metal gallium drops to move, which comprises the following steps:

a. preparing a copper foil sheet and a foam nickel sheet: respectively cutting the foam nickel sheet and the copper foil sheet into required specifications;

b. cleaning a copper foil sheet and a foam nickel sheet: soaking the copper foil in analytically pure acetone at normal temperature for 3-5 min; soaking the foam nickel sheet in analytically pure ethanol at normal temperature for 3-5 min; putting the soaked copper foil sheet and the foamed nickel sheet into an ultrasonic container filled with deionized water, cleaning for 1-2min, drying the silicon wafer with a clean surface by using nitrogen, and storing in a dryer;

c. preparing a copper foil @ foam nickel shell structure: bonding the copper foil sheet and the foamed nickel sheet in the step b by using acrylic glue; the copper foil is adhered to the center of the foam nickel sheet;

d. and (3) drying: and d, drying the copper foil @ foamed nickel shell structure in the step c for 5-10min under the condition of nitrogen atmosphere, and storing the dried sample in a dryer.

The invention also provides an application method of the shell structure capable of driving the metal gallium drops to move, which comprises the following steps:

e. in an acidic or alkaline solution, selecting a copper foil @ foamed nickel shell structure with a corresponding specification according to the size of a metal gallium liquid drop, and attaching one surface of the copper foil @ foamed nickel shell structure, which is provided with a copper foil, to the surface of the metal gallium until most of the surface of the metal gallium is covered by a foamed nickel sheet.

Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the characteristic that the copper and gallium surface rapidly contacts at normal temperature to form copper-gallium alloy to generate strong adhesion and the foam nickel and gallium are not wetted, designs the copper foil @ foam nickel shell structure for the liquid metal gallium, the structure has obvious response to a static magnetic field, and the movement of metal gallium liquid drops can be driven through the static magnetic field. Meanwhile, the inner side of the structure has strong adhesive force with the surface of the liquid metal gallium, but the outer side of the structure is not infiltrated with the gallium completely, so that the polymerization of liquid metal gallium drops in acid/alkaline solution can be effectively avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the shell structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a state in which a droplet of gallium metal having a shell structure is attached.

Fig. 4 is a view showing the effect of driving displacement of a droplet of gallium metal to which a shell structure is attached in a static magnetic field.

The square block which is positioned below the glass vessel and held by hand in the figure is a magnet.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the polymerization performance test effect of the gallium metal droplet with the shell structure attached and the gallium metal droplet without the shell structure attached.

Detailed Description

Examples 1 to 3

By adopting the preparation method of the steps a to e, aiming at the gallium drops with the diameter of 0.5cm, the copper foil @ foamed nickel shell layer obtained by adopting the step f can inhibit the fusion of the gallium drops when the deformation of the gallium drops is 40.5-60.7%, and the table is as follows:

by adopting the preparation method of the steps a to e, the driving capability of the structure with the copper foil and the nickel foam attached to the surface to gallium liquid drops is measured in 0.4mol/L solution under the attraction of a rubidium magnet, and the driving capability is shown in the following table:

a. preparing a copper foil and a foam nickel sheet: firstly, cutting a copper foil with the purity of 99.9 percent and the thickness of 0.05mm into squares with the length and width of 3 x 3mm, and cutting foamed nickel with the thickness of 0.05mm into squares with the length and width of 3 x 3 mm;

b. cleaning the copper foil and the foamed nickel: firstly, soaking a copper foil and foamed nickel in analytically pure acetone for 3-5min at normal temperature, putting the soaked copper foil and sheet into an ultrasonic container filled with deionized water, and cleaning for 1-2 min. Drying the silicon wafer with a clean surface by using nitrogen, and storing the silicon wafer in a dryer;

c. preparing a copper foil @ foam nickel protective shell layer structure: and d, bonding the copper foil and the foamed nickel in the step b by using 0.01-0.05 mu l of acrylic glue through a plane bonding means. Wherein the copper foil is adhered to the central position of the foam nickel, and the diameter of the copper foil and the diameter of the foam nickel are controlled to be in a ratio of 1:1 to 1: 2.

d. And (3) drying: c, drying the copper foil @ foamed nickel protective shell layer structure in the step c for 5-10min under the condition of nitrogen atmosphere, and storing a dried sample in a dryer;

e. the application of the copper foil @ foamed nickel protective shell layer structure comprises the following steps: in an acidic or alkaline solution, selecting a copper foil @ foamed nickel protective shell structure with a proper size according to the size of the metal gallium liquid drop, wherein the diameter of the foamed nickel is controlled to be between 1:10 and 1:5 than the metal gallium liquid drop. The surface of the gallium metal is faced with a copper foil until the gallium metal surface is mostly covered with nickel foam, as shown in fig. 3.

As shown in fig. 4, in an acidic or alkaline solution, a rubidium magnet is used to attach a metal gallium droplet with a copper foil @ foam nickel protective shell layer structure from the surface of a culture dish, and the metal gallium droplet is obviously observed to be dragged by a static magnetic field.

As shown in fig. 5, in an acidic or alkaline solution, the metal gallium drops with the surface having the structure of copper foil @ nickel foam protective shell layer are pressed together by uniform compression at a speed of 10-30 cm/min. It was found that copper foils of different sizes @ nickel foam protective shells in 0.4mol/L hydrochloric acid solution can inhibit the fusion between gallium drops between 40.5-60.7% of the deformation of the gallium drops.

The acidic or alkaline solution in step e, f, g is prepared from 0.4-1.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid or 0.005-0.01mol/L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

The invention provides a new effective technical means for inhibiting the polymerization of the metal gallium liquid drops and simultaneously provides a new idea for magnetically driving the metal gallium liquid drops to move by the static magnetic field. The preparation method of the copper foil @ foamed nickel protective shell structure has the advantages of simple equipment requirement, easy operation, large range, good controllability, good reproducibility, no special condition requirement, easy operation, simple equipment requirement and low cost, so the preparation method is particularly suitable for commercial large-scale production.

Claims

1. A shell structure capable of driving metal gallium drops to move is characterized by comprising a foam nickel sheet (1) and a copper foil sheet (2) bonded with the foam nickel sheet (1), wherein the ratio of the external diameters of the copper foil sheet (2) and the foam nickel sheet (1) is 1: 1-1: 2.

2. A shell structure for droplet transport of gallium metal according to claim 1, wherein the nickel foam sheet (1) is a square sheet with thickness of 0.05mm and length of 3 x 3mm, the copper foil (2) is a square sheet with purity of 99.9%, thickness of 0.05mm and length of 2 x 2mm, and the copper foil (2) is located at the center of the nickel foam sheet (1).

3. The method for preparing a shell structure capable of driving a metal gallium drop to move in claim 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps:

b. cleaning the copper foil and the foam nickel sheet: soaking the copper foil in analytically pure acetone at normal temperature for 3-5 min; soaking the foam nickel sheet in analytically pure ethanol at normal temperature for 3-5 min; putting the soaked copper foil sheet and the soaked foam nickel sheet into an ultrasonic container filled with deionized water, cleaning for 1-2min, drying the silicon wafer with a clean surface by using nitrogen, and storing in a dryer;

4. The method for using a shell structure capable of driving the movement of metallic gallium drops as recited in claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:

5. The method for using a shell structure capable of driving metal gallium drops to move according to claim 4, wherein the acidic solution is 0.4-1.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and the alkaline solution is 0.005-0.01mol/L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

6. The application method of the shell structure capable of driving the metal gallium drops to move as claimed in claim 4, wherein the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the foam nickel sheet and the diameter of the metal gallium drops are controlled to be between 1:10 and 1: 5.