CN115119908A

CN115119908A - Universal puffed food for high-content fresh meat cats and dogs and preparation process thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115119908A
Application number: CN202210374838.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 母原; 母轩
Original assignee: Inner Mongolia Wanang Pet Food Co ltd
Current assignee: Inner Mongolia Wanang Pet Food Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-11
Filing date: 2022-04-11
Publication date: 2022-09-30

Abstract

The invention relates to a general puffed food for high-content fresh meat cats and dogs and a preparation process thereof. The invention innovatively designs a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system. The system comprises core equipment such as a vacuum rotary dryer, a minced meat precise quantitative pump, a storage tank, a powdery material precise quantitative pump, a five-section double-helix bulking machine and the like. The 'continuous on-line quantitative mixing and puffing system' is combined with optimized technological parameters, so that the adding amount range of the fresh meat of the puffed grains can reach 16-50%. The process can flexibly adjust the meat content of the product in a large range; the puffed grain produced by the process has the advantages of good molding, less broken grains, uniform curing and high gelatinization degree. In addition, the product has good flavor, strong meat flavor, good palatability, high protein content and easy digestion, is suitable for producing high-end puffed food for pets, and meets the requirements of consumers on the high-end pet food.

Description

Universal puffed food for high-content fresh meat cats and dogs and preparation process thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of pet food processing, and particularly relates to a general puffed food for high-content fresh meat cats and dogs, a production process and product development thereof.

Background

The expanded granular food in the market at present is still the staple food for cats and dogs, the production process technology mainly adopts the high-temperature high-pressure expansion technology, and the water content of the product is generally 5-12%. The puffed food has long shelf life, is convenient to feed, has balanced and complete nutrition and is always popular with pet owners and pets.

In the full-value expanded cat and dog food, most animal-derived components in the formula of the product mainly comprise meat powder or meat and bone powder, such as chicken powder, beef powder, fish powder, meat and bone powder and the like. In the wild hunting state of felines and canines, the animals in the food chain are naturally like fresh meat, which is the most excellent animal protein source, and the absorptivity reaches 90-95%. In order to reduce the production cost, most of the existing expanded granular grains adopt vegetable protein to improve the protein content, and even if animal-derived ingredients with higher content such as chicken meal, beef meal, fish meal and the like are added, the quality of the used raw materials is uneven when the meat meal is prepared, so that the product digestion rate is low, and the palatability and the nutritional value are not high.

Animal muscle or gut substrate produced pet food products currently account for a proportion of the market. Because a large amount of bitter peptides are formed when the protease hydrolyzes protein, the palatability of pet food is seriously influenced, and meanwhile, meat forms bad odor after being hydrolyzed by the protease, and the flavor of the meat is far lower than the original flavor and mouthfeel of the meat. The primary mouthfeel and flavor of meat is the natural taste of felines and canines in their original wild state. In addition, the jerky on the market at present basically belongs to pet snacks, and although the jerky has strong fragrance, good taste and rich nutrition, the snack jerky has uneven quality and high price, and is not suitable for being fed as staple food for most pets.

The fresh meat is rich in protein, amino acid, vitamins and mineral elements, and has rich and balanced nutrition. The protein digestion rate in the fresh meat is high, and the nutrient absorption and utilization rate is high. The pet food directly processed from fresh meat has high nutritive value, pure flavor, strong meat flavor and optimal palatability. Most of the existing pet foods do not contain fresh meat or have low content of fresh meat. The main reason is that besides the high cost, the method also has the limitation of the process; because fresh meat has a high water content. Taking chicken as an example, the water content of fresh chicken is generally over 75 percent, and the optimal water content of the material is about 20 percent before puffing the puffed grain. This limits the amount of fresh meat added. These problems have limited the development of pet foods with high fresh meat content to some extent. The traditional process has the problems of high moisture content, poor forming of the expanded particles, high defective rate, low starch gelatinization rate and the like under the condition of high meat content of materials. The innovative process of the continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system well solves the problem which cannot be solved by the traditional process, and can produce high-end pet food with the meat content of 16-50% and different fresh meat contents on one production line.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a general puffed food for cats and dogs with high fresh meat content and a preparation process thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the fresh meat content cannot be processed by the traditional process and avoiding influence on mouthfeel due to addition of excessive protein zymolyte.

The process designed by the invention is preferably suitable for preparing the puffed pet food with high fresh meat content, and different types of high-end puffed food with fresh meat content ranging from 0 to 50 percent can be produced.

The invention discloses general puffed food for cats and dogs with high fresh meat content, which is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0-50% of raw meat, 10.0-30.0% of meat meal, 5.0-18.0% of peas, 5.0-18.0% of chickpeas, 3.0-8.0% of beet pulp, 3.0-6.0% of potato flour, 7.0-15.0% of animal fat, 0.5-1.5% of soybean lecithin, 2.0-7.0% of animal protein hydrolysate, 0.5-1.5% of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, 0.2-1.0% of fish oil, 0.1-0.5% of compound mineral salt, 0.1-0.5% of compound vitamin, 0.1-0.4% of taurine, 0.1-0.4% of lysine, 0.4-1.5% of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05-0.15% of probiotics and 0.1-0.4% of rosemary extract.

The invention also discloses a general puffed food for high-content fresh meat cats and dogs and a preparation process thereof, and the specific production method comprises the following steps:

s1, pretreating raw meat, namely mincing the raw meat into meat stuffing by a meat mincer, and granulating the meat stuffing into meat paste by a bone paste machine; the environmental temperature and the meat paste temperature are both controlled at 4-12 ℃;

s2, crushing the granular dry materials, and mixing the crushed granular dry materials with other powdery dry materials in a mixer according to a ratio to obtain premixed dry materials; the granular dry material comprises grains, beans, nuts and root tubers;

s3, sending the prepared meat paste into a vacuum rotary dryer of a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system, and removing partial water at a certain temperature and vacuum degree;

s4, conveying the meat emulsion and the premixed dry material to a hopper of a feeding and mixing section of the expansion machine through a meat emulsion precise quantitative pump and a dry powder precise quantitative pump respectively, realizing online precise continuous flow addition, and uniformly tempering through high-speed mixing;

s5, preheating the mixed material in a preheating section of a bulking machine, and completing curing and bulking forming;

s6, feeding the expanded and molded particles into a dryer for drying, and controlling the water content of the product to be 6-12%;

s7, screening the dried product particles through a vibrating screen, removing broken particles, and ensuring that the product particles are uniform, complete and consistent;

s8, conveying the product particles into a vacuum spraying machine, and spraying grease in a vacuum state; preheating grease, spraying the grease in a vacuum state, coating the grease on the surfaces of particles by stirring, and permeating the grease into the particles when the pressure of a container is reduced;

s9, spraying the sprayed product particles with the pet feed compound seasoning and the functional material;

s10, lifting the sprayed product particles into a cooling tower, and reducing the temperature to be slightly higher than room temperature by 1-2 ℃; the cooled product particles are filled with nitrogen and packaged and sealed in a clean environment; the packaging forms comprise metal can packaging and multilayer composite plastic bag packaging;

and S11, inspecting the final product.

The continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system consists of a vacuum rotary dryer, a minced meat precise quantitative pump, a storage tank, a powdery material precise quantitative pump and a five-section double-helix puffing machine;

the accurate meat paste quantitative pump belongs to a stainless steel plunger pump, and the quantitative accuracy is +/-1%; the precise quantitative pump of the powdery material is a rotor metering pump, the quantitative precision is +/-1%, the rotating speed is 50-500rpm, and the powdery material is conveyed by a screw conveyer in a matching way; the vacuum rotary dryer is a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer, the rotating speed is 4-6rpm, the drying temperature is 50-75 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-87 to-60 kPa; the five-section type double-screw bulking machine is different from a common bulking machine in that the bulking machine is divided into five sections from feeding to discharging, and the five sections comprise a feeding mixing section, a preheating section, a curing section, a bulking section and a cutting forming section. The high-speed stirring and dispersing blades are arranged in the hopper of the feeding and mixing section, so that the meat paste and the premixed dry material can be quickly dispersed and uniformly mixed.

Preferably, the raw meat related to the present invention includes chicken, duck, goose, turkey, pork, mutton, beef, freshwater fish, marine products, and the like. The raw meat may be fresh meat, chilled meat, fresh frozen meat, boned meat or boneless meat, etc. All the related meat must meet the current national quality standard.

Preferably, the raw meat is firstly minced by a meat grinder and then is micronized into meat paste by a bone paste machine, and the particle diameter of the meat paste is less than 1 mm. In a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system, the meat paste adopts a direct online addition or pre-dehydration process, the meat paste and the premixed dry materials are sent into a feeding and mixing section of a puffing machine through a precise quantitative pump, and are uniformly dispersed and mixed at a high speed.

When the mix moisture content of step S4 is > 24%, the meat emulsion requires vacuum drying prior to mixing in step S3; the vacuum drying comprises the following specific steps: and (3) conveying the meat paste into a dryer, and removing 10-40% of water under the conditions of the temperature of 50-75 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-87 to-60 kPa. When the water content of the mixed material is less than or equal to 24 percent in the step S4, the meat paste and the premixed dry material are directly mixed and tempered without carrying out the step S3 (pre-drying and dehydration).

Preferably, in the step S3, the meat paste and the premixed dry materials are quantitatively mixed on line, and the rest dry materials except the grease, lecithin and the feed compound seasoning are mixed according to the formula and then are uniformly mixed in advance in a mixer; the specific process comprises the steps of continuously conveying the meat emulsion and the premixed dry material to a hopper of a feeding and mixing section of a bulking machine in an accurate and quantitative mode according to the proportion, and quickly mixing and tempering the meat emulsion and the premixed dry material by a high-speed disperser, wherein the rotating speed of a mixer is 2500-.

Preferably, in step S5, the mixed material enters a mixing end of a bulking machine to complete five steps of high-speed mixing, preheating, curing, bulking and forming; controlling the temperature of the puffing cavity to fully cure the materials; at the tail end of the puffing cavity, the material is subjected to high pressure and high temperature, pressure is reduced at the discharge hole, a large amount of moisture is evaporated, and the moisture in the particles also escapes to form a porous shape, so that the puffing process is completed. The water content of the mixed material is controlled to be 18-28%, the temperature of the preheating section of the bulking machine is 80-100 ℃, the temperature of a die head is 125-165 ℃, and the rotation speed of a screw is 150-350 rpm.

Preferably, in step S6, the expanded and formed pellets are sent to a tunnel dryer or a tier tower steam dryer for drying. The drying temperature is controlled to be 55-75 ℃, the drying time is adjusted by the speed of a drying conveyer belt, and the final moisture content of the product is controlled to be 6-12%. The drying of the expanded particles in the invention can be hot air drying or reduced pressure drying. The drying temperature is 55-75 ℃, and different drying temperatures and times are determined according to different drying modes and different water contents of the expanded materials.

Preferably, in step S7, the expanded material is classified and screened to remove particles. In step S8, the vacuum spraying is performed by spraying the heated oil or compound pet food flavoring or other flowable materials onto the surface of the dried expanded granules in a vacuum sprayer. The specific process comprises the steps of feeding the dried granular materials into a vacuum spraying machine for grease spraying; heating and melting the grease in a melting tank, adding part of oil-soluble raw materials or thermosensitive raw materials, starting a vacuum spraying machine, adjusting the vacuum degree to-20 Kpa to-50 Kpa, spraying the grease at a certain speed in a vacuum state, and controlling the temperature of the grease at 35-55 ℃. When the vessel is depressurized, the grease on the surface of the particles penetrates into the interior of the particles. The oil spraying enables the nutrition of the product to be balanced on one hand and improves the flavor and the taste of the product on the other hand.

Preferably, in the step S9, the pasty compound seasoning is sprayed by using a vacuum sprayer; the powdery raw materials are directly sprayed on the surfaces of the product particles and are stirred to be uniformly coated; the pasty compound seasoning is sprayed in a vacuum spraying machine, the pasty compound seasoning is preheated to 45-55 ℃, the materials are in a good flowing state, and then the pasty compound seasoning is sprayed on the surfaces of particles in a vacuum state and is stirred uniformly.

Preferably, in step S11, the final product is checked according to the standards GB/T31216-2014 and GB/T31217-2014.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention relates to a puffed food for high-content fresh meat cats and dogs and a preparation process thereof, which is characterized in that:

1. can produce two kinds of puffed food of cat food and dog food at the same time;

2. the prepared pet food has the highest fresh meat content of 50 percent and large application range, namely, various pet foods with different meat proportions can be produced under the same process condition;

3. various pet foods containing heat-sensitive materials can be produced, and the heat-sensitive materials comprise: functional materials such as probiotics, vitamins, herbal extracts, etc.

4. In the examples, the high meat cat and dog universal puffed food described in the invention has a shelf life of 24 months at room temperature.

5. The puffed food for the high-content fresh meat cats is rich in nutrition and completely meets the nutritional requirements of dogs and cats. Has outstanding meat flavor in sense, good granule color, luster, full and smooth shape and small particle rate. The product has high fresh meat proportion, high protein digestibility and convenient absorption.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a process flow diagram of the preparation method of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a continuous in-line quantitative mixing and bulking system.

Reference numerals: 1-entrance of meat emulsion; 2-conical vacuum meat paste dryer; 3-a storage tank; 4-a precise and quantitative conveying pump for minced meat; 5-a double-screw extruder; 6-expanded granule outlet; 7-precise quantitative conveying pump for powdery material; 8-meat emulsion precise quantitative pump.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

Example 1

The puffed food for the high-content fresh meat cats and dogs comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the puffed food for the high-content fresh meat cats and dogs comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54 parts of fresh chicken, 46 parts of chicken powder, 18 parts of peas, 11 parts of chickpeas, 9 parts of beet pulp, 9 parts of potato powder, 18 parts of chicken oil, 1.8 parts of soybean lecithin, 6 parts of chicken liver hydrolysate, 1.8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, 0.9 part of fish oil, 0.35 part of compound mineral salt, 0.35 part of compound vitamin, 0.35 part of taurine, 0.35 part of lysine, 1.4 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.18 part of probiotics and 0.35 part of rosemary extract.

The invention relates to a puffed food for high-content fresh meat cats and dogs and a preparation process thereof, and the puffed food comprises the following specific steps as shown in figure 1:

the fresh meat related to the embodiment is chicken, the meat is fresh refrigerated meat, and the used chicken meets the current national quality standard.

S1, pretreating raw meat, namely mincing chicken into meat paste by a meat mincer, and granulating the meat paste into meat paste by a bone paste machine, wherein the particle diameter of the meat paste is smaller than 1 mm. The environmental temperature and the meat paste temperature are both controlled at 5 ℃;

s2, crushing the granular dry materials, and mixing the crushed granular dry materials and the powdery dry materials in a mixer according to a ratio to obtain premixed dry materials;

s3, conveying the minced meat into a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer of a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system, wherein the temperature of the dryer is 70 ℃, the vacuum degree is-60 kPa, and the rotating speed of a roller is 3-5 rpm. The dehydration amount of the meat paste is 8 percent of water.

And S4, continuously and quantitatively mixing and puffing the dehydrated meat paste by a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system and an accurate quantitative pump in proportion, continuously feeding the meat paste into a hopper of a mixing section of a puffing machine, and uniformly mixing the meat paste and premixed dry materials (except grease, lecithin and feed compound seasonings) by a high-speed mixer at the rotating speed of 2500 rpm.

S5, preheating the mixed material in a preheating section of a bulking machine, and completing curing, bulking and forming; the temperature of the preheating section is 85 ℃, the temperature of the die head is 152 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 220 rpm.

S6, feeding the puffed and molded particles into a tunnel dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 70 ℃, and the water content of the dried particle materials is 9%;

s7, screening the dried product by using a vibrating screen, removing broken particles and ensuring that the product particles are uniform, complete and consistent;

s8, conveying the product particles into a vacuum spraying machine, and spraying grease in a vacuum state; after the particulate material is quantitatively conveyed into a bin of a vacuum coating machine, the bin is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is-75 Kpa. The chicken oil is firstly heated to 45 ℃ to melt and then sprayed in at a certain speed in a vacuum state. And simultaneously starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the grease on the surface of the particle material. When the container is depressurized, the grease on the surface of the particles quickly permeates into the particle materials.

s10, lifting the sprayed product particles into a cooling tower, and cooling the material to a temperature 1-2 ℃ higher than the room temperature. (ii) a The cooled product particles are filled with nitrogen and packaged and sealed in a clean environment; the package adopts eight-edge sealed multi-layer aluminum-plastic composite bags. The materials are accurately weighed and filled into a bag, nitrogen is filled, and the pressure of the nitrogen filled is 2bar, so that the feed can keep good flavor in the shelf life.

And S11, inspecting the final product.

The main nutritional indexes of the product produced in the example are shown in table 1.

Example 2

The puffed food for the high-content fresh meat cats and dogs comprises the following components in percentage:

the invention discloses a high-meat-content puffed food for cats and dogs, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 71 parts of fresh duck meat, 36 parts of duck meat powder, 11 parts of peas, 11 parts of chickpeas, 9 parts of beet pulp, 9 parts of potato powder, 18 parts of duck oil, 1.8 parts of soybean lecithin, 6 parts of duck liver hydrolysate, 1.8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, 0.9 part of fish oil, 0.35 part of compound mineral salt, 0.35 part of compound vitamin, 0.35 part of taurine, 0.35 part of lysine, 1.4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.18 part of probiotics and 0.35 part of rosemary extract.

The fresh meat related to the embodiment is duck meat, the meat state is fresh refrigerated meat, and the used duck meat meets the current national quality standard.

S1, pretreating raw meat, mincing duck meat into meat paste by a meat mincer, and micronizing the meat paste into meat paste by a bone paste machine, wherein the particle diameter of the meat paste is smaller than 1 mm. The environmental temperature and the meat paste temperature are both controlled at 5 ℃;

s3, conveying the meat paste into a continuous drum dryer, wherein the temperature of the dryer is 72 ℃, and the rotating speed of a drum is 2 rpm. The dehydration amount of the meat paste is 25 percent of water.

And S4, continuously and quantitatively mixing and puffing the dehydrated meat paste by a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system, continuously feeding the dehydrated meat paste into a hopper of a mixing section of a puffing machine by a precise quantitative pump in proportion, and uniformly mixing the meat paste and premixed dry materials (except grease, lecithin and feed compound seasonings) by a high-speed mixer at the rotating speed of 2500 rpm.

S5, preheating the mixed material in a preheating section of a bulking machine, and completing curing and bulking forming; the temperature of the preheating section was 85 ℃, the die temperature was 152 ℃ and the screw speed was 220 rpm.

s10, lifting the sprayed product particles into a cooling tower, and cooling the material to a temperature 1-2 ℃ higher than the room temperature. (ii) a The cooled product particles are subjected to nitrogen-filled quantitative packaging and sealing in a clean environment; the package adopts eight-edge sealed multi-layer aluminum-plastic composite bags. The materials are accurately weighed and filled into the bag, nitrogen is filled, and the pressure of the nitrogen filled is 2bar, so that the feed can keep good flavor in the shelf life.

And S11, inspecting the final product.

Example 3

The puffed food for the cats and dogs containing the high fresh meat comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

the invention discloses a high-fresh-meat-content puffed food for cats and dogs, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 89 parts of fresh beef, 18 parts of beef powder, 11 parts of peas, 11 parts of chickpeas, 9 parts of beet pulp, 9 parts of potato whole powder, 18 parts of beef tallow, 1.8 parts of soybean lecithin, 6 parts of beef hydrolysates, 1.8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, 0.9 part of fish oil, 0.35 part of compound mineral salt, 0.35 part of compound vitamin, 0.35 part of taurine, 0.35 part of lysine, 1.4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.18 part of probiotics and 0.35 part of rosemary extract.

The fresh meat related to the embodiment is beef, the meat state is fresh refrigerated meat, and the used beef meets the current national quality standard.

S1, pretreating raw meat, namely mincing beef into meat paste by a meat mincer, and granulating the meat paste into meat paste by a bone paste machine, wherein the particle diameter of the meat paste is smaller than 1 mm. The environmental temperature and the meat paste temperature are both controlled at 5 ℃;

s2, crushing the granular dry materials, and mixing the crushed granular dry materials with the powdery dry materials in a mixer according to a ratio to obtain premixed dry materials;

s3, conveying the meat paste into a continuous roller dryer, wherein the temperature of the dryer is 75 ℃, and the rotating speed of a roller is 1 rpm. The dehydration amount of the meat paste is 30 percent of water.

And S4, continuously and quantitatively mixing and puffing the dehydrated meat paste by a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system, continuously feeding the dehydrated meat paste into a hopper of a mixing section of a puffing machine by a precise quantitative pump in proportion, and uniformly mixing the meat paste and premixed dry materials (except grease, lecithin and feed compound seasonings) by a high-speed mixer at the rotating speed of 3000 rpm.

S6, feeding the puffed and molded particles into a tunnel dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the water content of the dried particle materials is less than 10%;

s8, conveying the product particles into a vacuum spraying machine, and spraying grease in a vacuum state; after the particulate material is quantitatively conveyed into a bin of the vacuum coating machine, the bin is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is-75 Kpa. The chicken oil is firstly heated to 55 ℃ to melt and then sprayed in at a certain speed in a vacuum state. And simultaneously starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the grease on the surface of the particle material. When the container is depressurized, the grease on the surface of the particles quickly permeates into the particle materials.

S9, spraying the sprayed product particles with the pet feed compound seasoning and the functional material.

And S11, inspecting the final product.

The main nutritional indicators of the products produced by this example are shown in table 1.

Example 4

The fresh meat-containing puffed food for the cats and dogs comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

the invention discloses a high-meat-content puffed food for cats and dogs, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 26 parts of fresh fish meat, 54 parts of fish meal, 25 parts of peas, 25 parts of chickpeas, 9 parts of beet pulp, 9 parts of potato powder, 18 parts of beef tallow, 1.8 parts of soybean lecithin, 6 parts of chicken liver hydrolysate, 1.8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 0.9 part of fish oil, 0.35 part of compound mineral salt, 0.35 part of compound vitamin, 0.35 part of taurine, 0.35 part of lysine, 1.4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.18 part of probiotics and 0.35 part of rosemary extract.

The fresh meat related to the embodiment is fish meat, the meat state is fresh refrigerated meat, and the used fish meat meets the current national quality standard.

S1, pretreating raw meat, namely mincing the fish meat into meat paste by a meat mincer, and granulating the meat paste into meat paste by a bone paste machine, wherein the particle diameter of the meat paste is smaller than 1 mm. The environmental temperature and the meat paste temperature are both controlled at 5 ℃;

s3, directly feeding the minced meat into a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system without dehydration, continuously feeding the minced meat into a hopper of a mixing section of a puffing machine by using a precise quantitative pump according to a proportion, and uniformly mixing the minced meat and premixed dry materials (except grease, lecithin and feed compound seasonings) by using a high-speed mixer at the rotating speed of 3000 rpm.

S4, preheating the mixed material in a preheating section of a bulking machine, and completing curing and bulking forming; the temperature of the preheating section was 85 ℃, the die temperature was 152 ℃ and the screw speed was 220 rpm.

S5, feeding the puffed and molded particles into a tunnel dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the water content of the dried particle materials is 9%;

s6, screening the dried product by a vibrating screen, removing broken particles and ensuring that the product particles are uniform, complete and consistent;

s7, conveying the product particles into a vacuum spraying machine, and spraying grease in a vacuum state; after the particulate material is quantitatively conveyed into a bin of a vacuum coating machine, the bin is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is-75 Kpa. The chicken oil is firstly heated to 55 ℃ to melt and then sprayed in at a certain speed in a vacuum state. And simultaneously starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the grease on the surface of the particle material. When the container is depressurized, the grease on the surface of the particles quickly permeates into the particle materials.

S8, spraying the sprayed product particles with the pet feed compound seasoning and the functional material;

s9, lifting the sprayed product particles into a cooling tower, and cooling the material to a temperature 1-2 ℃ higher than the room temperature. (ii) a The cooled product particles are filled with nitrogen and packaged and sealed in a clean environment; the package adopts an eight-edge sealed multilayer aluminum-plastic composite bag. The materials are accurately weighed and filled into a bag, nitrogen is filled, and the pressure of the nitrogen filled is 3bar, so that the feed can keep good flavor in the shelf life.

And S10, inspecting the final product.

The main nutritional indexes of the product produced in the embodiment are shown in table 1.

Example 5

The puffed food for the fresh meat-containing cats and dogs comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

the invention discloses a high-meat-content puffed food for cats and dogs, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 46 parts of fresh mutton, 32 parts of mutton powder, 25 parts of peas, 25 parts of chickpeas, 9 parts of beet pulp, 9 parts of potato powder, 18 parts of mutton fat, 1.8 parts of soybean lecithin, 6 parts of mutton hydrolysate, 1.8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, 0.9 part of fish oil, 0.35 part of compound mineral salt, 0.35 part of compound vitamin, 0.35 part of taurine, 0.35 part of lysine, 1.4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.18 part of probiotics and 0.35 part of rosemary extract.

The fresh meat related to the embodiment is mutton, the meat is fresh refrigerated meat, and the mutton meets the current national quality standard.

S1, pretreating raw meat, namely mincing the mutton into meat paste by a meat mincer, and granulating the meat paste into meat paste by a bone paste machine, wherein the particle diameter of the meat paste is smaller than 1 mm. The environmental temperature and the meat paste temperature are both controlled at 5 ℃;

s3, the meat paste directly enters a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system without being dehydrated, an accurate quantitative pump is continuously fed into a hopper of a mixing section of a puffing machine according to a proportion, the meat paste and premixed dry materials (except grease, lecithin and feed compound seasonings) are uniformly mixed by a high-speed mixer, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 3000 rpm.

S5, feeding the puffed and molded particles into a tunnel dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 5 ℃, and the water content of the dried particle materials is 9%;

s7, conveying the product particles into a vacuum spraying machine, and spraying grease in a vacuum state; after the particulate material is quantitatively conveyed into a bin of the vacuum coating machine, the bin is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is-75 Kpa. The chicken oil is firstly heated to 55 ℃ to melt and then sprayed in at a certain speed in a vacuum state. And starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the grease on the surface of the particle material. When the container is depressurized, the grease on the surface of the particles quickly permeates into the particle materials.

And S10, inspecting the final product.

The expanded food for high-meat dogs and cats prepared in the examples 1-5 is analyzed for the content of nutrient components, the content of the nutrient components is compared, and compared with GB/T31216-:

examples 1-5 nutritional ingredients and comparative results, as in table 1.

TABLE 1

Table 1 shows that the high-meat-content cat puffed food prepared by the invention is rich in nutrition and completely meets the nutritional requirements of dogs and cats, and the puffed food of the embodiments 1 to 5 in the disclosure not only meets the relevant national standards, but also has various indexes superior to the young cat food with the highest nutritional requirement in the national standards.

Comparative example 1

The general puffed food for cats and dogs comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the invention discloses expanded food for cats and dogs, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34 parts of chicken powder, 34 parts of beef powder, 30 parts of peas, 30 parts of chickpeas, 9 parts of beet pulp, 9 parts of potato powder, 18 parts of mutton fat, 1.8 parts of soybean lecithin, 6 parts of mutton hydrolysate, 1.8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, 0.9 part of fish oil, 0.35 part of compound mineral salt, 0.35 part of compound vitamin, 0.35 part of taurine, 0.35 part of lysine, 1.4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.18 part of probiotics and 0.35 part of rosemary extract.

S1, crushing granular dry materials, and mixing the crushed granular dry materials with powdery dry materials in a mixer according to a ratio to obtain premixed dry materials;

s2, directly feeding the meat powder into a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system, continuously feeding the meat powder into a hopper of a mixing section of a puffing machine by using a precise quantitative pump in proportion, uniformly mixing the meat powder and premixed dry materials (except grease, lecithin and feed composite seasoning) by using a high-speed mixer, and controlling the rotating speed of the mixer to be 2500 rpm.

S3, preheating the mixed material in a preheating section of a bulking machine, and completing curing and bulking forming; the temperature of the preheating section was 85 ℃, the die temperature was 152 ℃ and the screw speed was 220 rpm.

S4, feeding the puffed and molded particles into a tunnel dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 70 ℃, and the water content of the dried particle materials is 9%;

s5, screening the dried product by a vibrating screen, removing broken particles and ensuring that the product particles are uniform, complete and consistent;

s6, conveying the product particles into a vacuum spraying machine, and spraying grease in a vacuum state; after the particulate material is quantitatively conveyed into a bin of a vacuum coating machine, the bin is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is-75 Kpa. The chicken oil is firstly heated to 45 ℃ to melt and then sprayed in at a certain speed in a vacuum state. And simultaneously starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the grease on the surface of the particle material. When the pressure in the container is reduced, the grease on the surface of the particles quickly permeates into the particle materials.

S7, spraying the sprayed product particles with the pet feed compound seasoning and the functional material;

s8, lifting the sprayed product particles into a cooling tower, and cooling the material to a temperature 1-2 ℃ higher than the room temperature. (ii) a The cooled product particles are filled with nitrogen and packaged and sealed in a clean environment; the package adopts an eight-edge sealed multilayer aluminum-plastic composite bag. The materials are accurately weighed and filled into a bag, nitrogen is filled, and the pressure of the nitrogen filled is 3bar, so that the feed can keep good flavor in the shelf life.

And S9, inspecting the final product.

The main nutritional indexes of the product produced in the comparative example 1 are shown in table 2.

Comparative example 2

The general puffed food for the high-meat-content cats and dogs comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the invention discloses a high-meat-content puffed food for cats and dogs, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of chicken, 53 parts of chicken powder, 28 parts of peas, 28 parts of chickpeas, 9 parts of beet pulp, 9 parts of potato powder, 18 parts of chicken oil, 1.8 parts of soybean lecithin, 6 parts of chicken liver hydrolysate, 1.8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, 0.9 part of fish oil, 0.35 part of compound mineral salt, 0.35 part of compound vitamin, 0.35 part of taurine, 0.35 part of lysine, 1.4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.18 part of probiotics and 0.35 part of rosemary extract.

Comparative example 2 of the present invention differs from examples 1 to 5 in that the fresh meat content is 14% or less and other animal-derived proteins are replaced with meat meal. The 20 th bulletin of agricultural rural area stipulates: the claim of "fresh meat formula" is that the fresh meat content in the product must be more than 26% of the total weight; the claim of "fresh meat containing formula" is that the fresh meat content in the product must be above 14% of the total weight.

and S3, continuously feeding the meat paste into a mixing section hopper of the bulking machine in proportion by a continuous online quantitative mixing and bulking system and an accurate quantitative pump, and uniformly mixing the meat paste and premixed dry materials (except grease, lecithin and feed composite seasonings) by a high-speed mixer at the rotating speed of 2500 rpm.

S4, preheating the mixed material in a preheating section of a bulking machine, and completing curing and bulking molding; the temperature of the preheating section was 85 ℃, the die temperature 152 ℃ and the screw speed 220 rpm.

S5, feeding the puffed and molded particles into a tunnel dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 70 ℃, and the water content of the dried particle materials is 9%;

s7, conveying the product particles into a vacuum spraying machine, and spraying grease in a vacuum state; after the particulate material is quantitatively conveyed into a bin of a vacuum coating machine, the bin is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is-75 Kpa. The chicken oil is firstly heated to 45 ℃ to melt and then sprayed in at a certain speed in a vacuum state. And starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the grease on the surface of the particle material. When the container is depressurized, the grease on the surface of the particles quickly permeates into the particle materials.

s9, lifting the sprayed product particles into a cooling tower, and cooling the material to a temperature 1-2 ℃ higher than the room temperature. (ii) a The cooled product particles are filled with nitrogen and packaged and sealed in a clean environment; the package adopts eight-edge sealed multi-layer aluminum-plastic composite bags. The materials are accurately weighed and filled into a bag, nitrogen is filled, and the pressure of the nitrogen filled is 2bar, so that the feed can keep good flavor in the shelf life.

And S10, inspecting the final product.

The main nutritional indexes of the product produced in the comparative example 2 are shown in the table 2.

Comparative example 3

The invention discloses a high-meat-content puffed food for cats and dogs, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of turkey meat, 36 parts of chicken powder, 15 parts of peas, 15 parts of chickpeas, 9 parts of beet pulp, 9 parts of potato powder, 18 parts of chicken oil, 1.8 parts of soybean lecithin, 6 parts of chicken liver hydrolysate, 1.8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, 0.9 part of fish oil, 0.35 part of compound mineral salt, 0.35 part of compound vitamin, 0.35 part of taurine, 0.35 part of lysine, 1.4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.18 part of probiotics and 0.35 part of rosemary extract.

The fresh meat related to the comparative example 3 of the invention is turkey meat, the meat is fresh refrigerated meat, and the used turkey meat meets the current national quality standard.

Compared with the processes adopted in the examples 1-5, the comparative example 3 of the invention adopts the process which is different from the processes adopted in the examples 1-5, and the fresh meat is directly puffed under the conditions of higher fresh meat content and higher moisture content.

S1, pretreating raw meat, mincing turkey meat into meat stuffing by a meat mincer, and micro-granulating the meat stuffing into meat paste by a bone paste machine, wherein the particle diameter of the meat paste is smaller than 1 mm. The environmental temperature and the meat paste temperature are both controlled at 5 ℃;

s3, directly feeding the meat paste into a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system without pre-drying, continuously feeding the meat paste into a mixing section hopper of a puffing machine by using an accurate quantitative pump in proportion, and uniformly mixing the meat paste and premixed dry materials (except grease, lecithin and feed compound seasonings) by using a high-speed mixer at the rotating speed of 2500 rpm.

s6, screening the dried product by a vibrating screen, removing broken particles, and ensuring that the product particles are uniform, complete and consistent;

s7, conveying the product particles into a vacuum spraying machine, and spraying grease in a vacuum state; after the particulate material is quantitatively conveyed into a bin of the vacuum coating machine, the bin is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is-75 Kpa. The chicken oil is firstly heated to 45 ℃ to melt and then sprayed in at a certain speed in a vacuum state. And starting the stirrer to uniformly coat the grease on the surface of the particle material. When the container is depressurized, the grease on the surface of the particles quickly permeates into the particle materials.

S8, spraying the sprayed product particles with the pet feed compound seasoning and the functional material; the material was cooled to 2 ℃ above room temperature.

S9, lifting the sprayed product particles into a cooling tower, and cooling the material to 2 ℃ higher than the room temperature. (ii) a The cooled product particles are filled with nitrogen and packaged and sealed in a clean environment; the package adopts an eight-edge sealed multilayer aluminum-plastic composite bag. The materials are accurately weighed and filled into a bag, nitrogen is filled, and the pressure of the nitrogen filled is 2bar, so that the feed can keep good flavor in the shelf life.

And S10, inspecting the final product.

The main nutritional indexes of the product produced by the comparative example 3 are shown in the table 2.

Fig. 2 is a continuous on-line quantitative mixing and puffing system designed according to the present invention, wherein the meat emulsion enters a conical vacuum meat emulsion dryer 2 from a meat emulsion inlet 1 for pre-drying; the meat paste extracted from the storage tank 3 is mixed with the premixed dry material conveyed by the powdery material accurate quantitative conveying pump 7 through the meat paste accurate quantitative conveying pump 4 and then is conveyed into the double-screw bulking machine 5 for bulking. Or directly enters the bulking machine for bulking through the meat emulsion precise quantitative pump 8.

TABLE 2

The nutrition of the expanded food for dogs and cats prepared in the comparative examples 1-3 completely meets the nutritional requirements of dogs and cats, and each item of the expanded food meets the standards of various nutrients in the national standards GB/T31216-2014 and GB/T31217-2014.

The experiment takes the puffed staple food grains of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3 as examples for nutrition detection. As shown in the experimental results of the tables 1 and 2, the puffed food for dogs and cats provided by the invention is rich in nutrition and meets the national standards.

The puffed grains of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3 were subjected to sensory evaluation:

the sensory evaluation method is characterized in that an experiential inspector performs sensory evaluation, and evaluation indexes comprise four indexes of meat flavor, color, particle appearance and particle size rate.

TABLE 3

Table 3 shows the results of comparing the four sensory indicators for the puffed grains of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3. Each index of examples 1 to 5 is superior to that of comparative examples 1 to 3. Examples 1 to 5 had outstanding meat flavor, good color and luster of the granules, full and smooth shape, and small particle size ratio. Comparative examples 1 and 2 had a light meat flavor and a heavy feed flavor. Comparative example 3 has a prominent meat flavor, but the granules had poor color and luster, a rough appearance, and a high crumbling rate.

Examples and comparative examples palatability testing of expanded grains.

25 dogs with similar age in the month were selected as the canine experimental group, and 29 cats were selected as the feline experimental group. In the dog experimental group, 5 large dogs with more than 25Kg, 7 medium dogs with 10-25Kg and 13 small dogs with less than 10Kg are selected; in the cat experimental group, 3 raccoon cats, 6 russian blue cats, 5 puppet cats, 5 british shorthair cats, and 10 maine cats were used.

The experimental method is as follows:

feeding experiment of cats: the expanded pet food prepared by the methods of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3, respectively, was tested for palatability. The test method comprises the following steps: two bowl feeding test, adding 60g of puffed food of the examples and the comparative examples into two cleaned and sterilized food basins respectively, putting the food basins into a cat cage at 16 points every day, recording the food basin which is firstly contacted with each cat and the food basin which is firstly eaten, taking out the food basin at 7 points next day, weighing the weight of the rest cat food, and counting the 'first smell' and 'first picking' quantity (only) and the food picking rate of different cat foods. The feed intake rate (%) is the feed intake/total feed intake × 100%. Each comparative example was compared with 5 examples, and the results were recorded and averaged. The test results are shown in table 4.

Dog feeding experiment: the same two bowl feeding method was used, and the puffed food of examples and comparative examples, 60g for small dogs, 90g for medium dogs and 120g for large dogs, were added to each of the two washed and sterilized bowls. And (3) putting the dogs into a dog cage at 7 points every day, respectively recording a feeding basin contacted with each dog firstly and a feeding basin eaten firstly, taking out the feeding basin at 19 points every day, weighing the weight of the rest dog food, and carrying out the rest experiments.

TABLE 4

Table 4 examples and comparative examples pet food palatability test results.

As can be seen from comparison of examples 1-5 with comparative examples 1-3, samples with high fresh meat content can impart better flavor to dog food and improve the palatability of the dog food.

Examples 1-5 show that the higher the meat content of the ingredients, the greater the number of first smells and first feedings for the pet, and the higher the feed intake rate. In the case of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 containing no fresh meat or low fresh meat content, the number of first smells and first picks for dogs and cats was significantly lower than in the examples.

Both feline and canine natures are carnivorous animals and exhibit a strong preference for meat flavor. Example 3 the highest meat content and therefore the highest feed intake.

As can be seen from comparison between examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 3, in comparative example 3, although the meat content was high, the water content of the material before puffing was high, and therefore, the molding was poor, the pellet surface was rough, the pellets were incomplete, and the appetite of cats and dogs was impaired.

The invention also carries out gelatinization degree determination on the examples and the comparative examples, the method is an amylase hydrolysis method, and the specific method is as follows: (1) accurate weighing and samplingTwo portions (granularity 1mm) are put in a graduated test tube. Wherein 1 part is used for preparing a fully gelatinized sample, and the other 1 part is used for preparing a sample to be measured. Full gelatinization of samples: to the sample was added 15mL of buffer and the level was recorded. Mixing, boiling in water bath for 50min, cooling, and recovering liquid level with buffer solution. Sample to be measured: to the sample was added 15mL buffer. ③ blank tube: 1 empty graduated tube was taken and 15mL of buffer was added directly without sample. (2) The above 3 graduated test tubes: adding 1mL of 2% amylase solution, shaking, water bath at 40 deg.C for 60min, and shaking 1 time every 15 min. 2mL of 10% ZnSO was added ₄ ·7H ₂ O, shake well and add 1mL of 20g/L NaOH, mix well. Diluting to 25mL with distilled water, mixing well, and filtering. (3) 0.1mL of the filtrate and 2mL of copper reagent were aspirated and placed in a 50mL graduated tube. (4) The tube was placed in a boiling water bath for 8min, kept boiling, and 2mL of phosphomolybdic acid reagent was added and boiling continued for 3 min. (5) cooling the test tube with tap water, adding distilled water to dilute to 25mL, blocking the test tube opening, and mixing uniformly. (6) The absorbance was read with a spectrophotometer at 420 nm.

Sample gelatinization degree (%) - (measured sample absorbance-blank absorbance)/(fully gelatinized sample absorbance-blank absorbance) × 100%

The results of measuring the degree of gelatinization in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 5.

Protein digestibility measurements were also made for the examples and comparative examples of the present invention. The method is used for measuring the digestion rate of pepsin, and the specific method refers to GB/T17811-2008.

TABLE 5

Table 5 results of measurement of gelatinization rate and digestibility show that examples 1 to 5 are excellent in gelatinization rate and protein digestibility, and that starch gelatinization rate is 89% or more and digestibility is 85% or more. Compared with comparative examples 1-3, the gelatinization rate of starch of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 is not different from that of the examples, but the gelatinization rate of comparative example 3 is 79.1 percent and is obviously lower than that of the examples. Comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 have digestivity of 77.4% and 80.1%, respectively, which is significantly lower than in the examples. Comparative example 3 the digestibility was close to that of example 1 due to the high meat content.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation process of general puffed food for high-content fresh meat cats and dogs is characterized in that the specific production method comprises the following steps:

s1, pretreating raw meat, namely mincing the raw meat into meat paste by a meat mincer, and micronizing the meat paste into meat paste by a bone paste machine; the environmental temperature and the meat paste temperature are both controlled at 4-12 ℃;

s3, sending the prepared meat paste into a vacuum rotary dryer of a continuous on-line quantitative mixing and puffing system to remove moisture;

s4, conveying the meat emulsion and the premixed dry material to a hopper of a feeding and mixing section of the bulking machine through a meat emulsion precise quantitative pump and a dry powder precise quantitative pump respectively, realizing online precise continuous flow addition, and uniformly tempering through high-speed mixing;

s6, feeding the expanded and formed particles into a dryer for drying, and controlling the water content of the product to be 6% -12%;

s7, screening the dried product particles by using a vibrating screen, removing broken particles, and ensuring that the product particles are uniform, complete and consistent;

s10, lifting the sprayed product particles into a cooling tower, and reducing the temperature to be 1-2 ℃ higher than the room temperature; the cooled product particles are subjected to nitrogen-filled quantitative packaging and sealing in a clean environment; the packaging form comprises metal can packaging and multilayer composite plastic bag packaging;

and S11, inspecting the final product.

2. The preparation process of the universal puffed food for the high-fresh-meat-content cats and dogs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the continuous online quantitative mixing puffing system comprises a vacuum rotary dryer, a precise meat emulsion quantitative pump, a storage tank, a precise powdery material quantitative pump and a five-section type double-screw puffing machine;

the meat paste precise quantitative pump belongs to a stainless steel plunger pump, and the quantitative precision is +/-1%; the precise quantitative pump of the powdery material is a rotor metering pump, the quantitative precision is +/-1%, the rotating speed is 50-500rpm, and the powdery material is conveyed by a screw conveyer in a matching way; the vacuum rotary dryer is a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer, the rotating speed is 4-6rpm, the drying temperature is 50-75 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-87 to-60 kPa; the five-section type double-screw bulking machine is divided into five sections from feeding to discharging, and comprises a feeding mixing section, a preheating section, a curing section, a bulking section and a cutting and forming section.

3. The preparation process of the universal puffed food for cats and dogs with high fresh meat content according to claim 1, wherein the raw meat is minced by a meat grinder and then micronized into meat paste by a bone cement machine; in a continuous online quantitative mixing and puffing system, the meat paste adopts a direct online addition or pre-dehydration process, the meat paste and the premixed dry materials are conveyed into a feeding and mixing section of a puffing machine through a precise quantitative pump, and the meat paste and the premixed dry materials are uniformly dispersed and mixed at a high speed.

4. The process for preparing the universal puffed food for cats and dogs with high fresh meat content according to claim 1, wherein when the water content of the mixed material is > 24% in step S4, the meat emulsion is vacuum dried in step S3; the vacuum drying comprises the following specific steps: and (3) conveying the meat paste into a dryer, and removing 10-40% of water under the conditions of 50-75 ℃ and vacuum degree of-87-60 kPa.

5. The preparation process of the universal puffed grain for the high-fresh-meat-content cats and dogs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 is to mix the meat emulsion and the dry premixed material quantitatively on line, to continuously feed the meat emulsion and the dry premixed material into the hopper of the feeding and mixing section of the puffing machine, to mix and condition the meat emulsion and the dry premixed material rapidly by the high-speed disperser, and to set the mixer at 2500-.

6. The preparation process of the universal puffed food for the cats and dogs with high fresh meat content according to claim 1, wherein in the steps S4 and S5, the mixed materials enter a puffing machine to complete five steps of high-speed blending, preheating, curing, puffing and forming; controlling the temperature of the puffing cavity to fully cure the materials; the water content of the mixed material is controlled to be 18-28%, the temperature of the preheating section of the bulking machine is 80-100 ℃, the die head temperature is 125-165 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 150-350 rpm.

7. The process for preparing the universal puffed food for cats and dogs with high fresh meat content according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the puffed and shaped particles are sent to a tunnel dryer or a layer tower type steam dryer for drying; the drying temperature is controlled at 55-75 ℃, the drying time is adjusted by the speed of the conveyer belt, and the final moisture content of the product is controlled at 6-12%.

8. The preparation process of the universal puffed food for cats and dogs with high fresh meat content according to claim 1, wherein in step S8, the dried granules are fed into a vacuum sprayer for oil spraying; heating and melting oil in a melting tank, adding oil-soluble raw materials or thermosensitive raw materials, starting a vacuum spraying machine, adjusting the vacuum degree to-20 to-50 Kpa, spraying the oil in a vacuum state, and controlling the temperature of the oil to be 35-55 ℃.

9. The process for preparing the universal puffed food for the high-fresh-meat-content cats and dogs according to claim 1, wherein in the step S9, the pasty compound seasoning is sprayed by a vacuum sprayer; the powdery raw materials are directly sprayed on the surfaces of the product particles and then are stirred to achieve uniform coating; the pasty compound seasoning is sprayed in a vacuum spraying machine, the pasty compound seasoning is preheated to 45-55 ℃ to ensure that the material is in a good flowing state, and then the pasty compound seasoning is sprayed on the surfaces of particles in a vacuum state and is stirred uniformly.

10. The general puffed food for cats and dogs with high fresh meat content prepared by the process of claim 1 is prepared from raw material meat 0-50 wt%, meat meal 10.0-30.0 wt%, peas 5.0-18.0 wt%, chickpea 5.0-18.0 wt%, beet pulp 3.0-8.0 wt%, potato flour 3.0-6.0 wt%, animal fat 7.0-15.0 wt%, soybean lecithin 0.5-1.5 wt%, animal protein hydrolysate 2.0-7.0 wt%, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall 0.5-1.5 wt%, fish oil 0.2-1.0 wt%, complex mineral salt 0.1-0.5 wt%, complex vitamins 0.1-0.5 wt%, taurine 0.1-0.4 wt%, lysine 0.1-0.4 wt%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.4-1.5 wt%, probiotics 0.05-0.15 wt%, and rosemary extract 0.1-0.4 wt%;

the raw meat comprises: chicken, duck, goose, turkey, pork, beef, mutton, fish, and aquatic product; the raw meat can be fresh meat, fresh chilled meat, frozen fresh meat, boneless meat, or boneless meat.