CN115113274A - Stratum slice data processing method and device - Google Patents
Stratum slice data processing method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for processing stratum slice data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area; sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slice data as a target layer, and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer; and correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain the stratigraphic slice data after the influence of the thin-layer interference effect is eliminated. The invention realizes the quantitative calculation of the thin layer interference effect between stratums, can eliminate the amplitude variation caused by the thin layer interference effect between stratums in the slice data of the stratums, and further eliminates the influence of the thin layer interference effect between the stratums; according to the stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin layer interference effect, the prediction of the thin reservoir of the work area can be assisted, and the precision and the applicability of the prediction of the thin reservoir of the work area can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploration and development, in particular to a stratigraphic slice data processing method and a stratigraphic slice data processing device.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
With the increasing of exploration degree, the thickness of a reservoir layer gradually decreases, and a single sand body in a thin interbed becomes an important exploration target of lithologic oil and gas reservoirs of various large oil and gas-containing basins in China. How to improve the reservoir prediction resolution is always a research hotspot and difficulty in the geophysical industry.
Aiming at the technical bottleneck of seismic data resolution, many scholars develop inversion algorithm research from the aspect of improving vertical resolution, and then achieve the purpose of improving reservoir prediction resolution by predicting the thickness and distribution of a thin reservoir.
At present, the prediction of a thin reservoir in a work area can be realized through a slicing technology, the current slicing technology mainly has a time slicing technology, a bedding slicing technology and a stratigraphic slicing technology, and stratum slicing data obtained by the three slicing technologies are slightly influenced by the interference effect of adjacent strata, so the three technologies are only suitable for the sand-in-mud type stratum, but the stratum of the type is not developed in a continental stratum much, the application range is narrow, and the application range of thin layer prediction is limited.
At present, the thin layer interference effect is just a key influence factor causing difficulty in identifying single sand bodies in the thin interbed, and finally the problem that the prediction precision of the thin reservoir is difficult to improve is caused. However, there is no solution to the problem of eliminating thin layer interference in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a stratum slice data processing method which is used for eliminating the influence of thin layer interference effect among stratums and improving the precision and the applicability of thin reservoir prediction, and the method comprises the following steps:
generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slice data as a target layer, and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer; the interference layers are a plurality of stratums which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer;
and correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain the stratigraphic slice data after the influence of the thin-layer interference effect is eliminated.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a stratum slice data processing device, which is used for eliminating the influence of the thin layer interference effect between the stratums and improving the precision and the applicability of thin reservoir prediction, and the device comprises:
the stratigraphic slice data generation module is used for generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
the interference amount determining module is used for sequentially taking each stratum in the stratigraphic slice data as a target layer and determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer aiming at each target layer; the interference layers are a plurality of stratums which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin-layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer;
and the data processing module is used for correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain the stratigraphic slice data after the influence of the thin-layer interference effect is eliminated.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the stratigraphic slice data processing method when executing the computer program.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program for executing the above stratigraphic slice data processing method is stored in the computer-readable storage medium.
In the embodiment of the invention, stratigraphic slice data of a work area is generated according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area; sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slice data as a target layer, and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer; the interference layer is a plurality of strata which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer; correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin-layer interference effect, so that the quantitative calculation of the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums can be realized by determining the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer, the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer is corrected according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer, the amplitude variation caused by the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums in the stratigraphic slice data can be eliminated, and the influence of the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums is eliminated; according to the stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin layer interference effect, the prediction of the thin reservoir of the work area can be assisted, and the prediction precision of the thin reservoir of the work area can be improved; meanwhile, stratum slice data of the work area are generated directly according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area, compared with the prior art, the thin layer prediction is not limited to terrain any more, the method is applicable to various work area terrains, applicability of thin reservoir prediction of the work area can be improved, and application range of the thin layer prediction is expanded.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method for processing sliced data from a stratum;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of wavelets extracted by a method for processing slice data in a stratum according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a synthetic seismic record for an exemplary well in a method of formation slice data processing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a diagram illustrating a conventional amplitude slice of a target layer in a method for processing formation slice data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a diagram illustrating wavelet-based de-interference layer slicing in a method for processing formation slice data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for processing slice data in a formation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a stratum slicing data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
The inventor finds that: with the increasing of exploration degree, the thickness of a reservoir layer gradually decreases, and a single sand body in a thin interbed becomes an important exploration target of lithologic oil and gas reservoirs of various large oil and gas-containing basins in China. How to improve the reservoir prediction resolution is always a research hotspot and difficulty in the geophysical industry. Aiming at the technical bottleneck of seismic data resolution, many scholars develop inversion algorithm research from the angle of improving vertical resolution, further predict the thickness and distribution of a thin reservoir and form various inversion methods such as sparse reflection coefficient inversion, spectrum inversion, waveform indication inversion, phase-controlled random inversion and the like. The researchers also study the thin layer frequency spectrum, thin layer resolution, the relation between thin layer peak frequency and thickness, the relation between thin interbed tuning and resolution and the like on the basis of the tuning theory, and form thin layer prediction methods such as spectrum decomposition, peak instantaneous frequency attribute, frequency and amplitude ratio attribute and the like. The researchers have proposed the concepts of seismic sedimentology and seismic geomorphology from the perspective of utilizing the lateral resolution of seismic data, and the core idea of the concepts is to detect thin layers by slice scanning, which mainly comprises two technologies of 90-degree phase conversion and stratigraphic slicing. Later, some scholars subsequently conducted detailed studies on the problems, rationality, and conditions of application of stratigraphic slices, but did not propose a new slice prediction method.
At present, the thin layer interference effect is just a key influence factor which causes difficulty in identifying single sand bodies in the thin interbed, and finally the problem that the prediction accuracy of the thin reservoir is difficult to improve is caused. However, there is no solution to the problem of eliminating thin layer interference in the prior art.
The stratum slice data processing method provided by the embodiment of the invention can detect the plane distribution of single sand bodies in a thin interbed by eliminating the thin layer interference effect, and provides a single thin sand body prediction method with weak multi-solution and strong operability, so as to solve the problems, eliminate the influence of the thin layer interference effect between stratums, and improve the precision and the applicability of thin reservoir prediction, as shown in fig. 5, the method can comprise the following steps:
step 501: generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
step 502: sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slice data as a target layer, and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer; the interference layer is a plurality of stratums which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin-layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer;
step 503: and correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain the stratigraphic slice data after the influence of the thin-layer interference effect is eliminated.
In the embodiment of the invention, stratigraphic slice data of a work area is generated according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area; sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slice data as a target layer, and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer; the interference layer is a plurality of stratums which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer; correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin-layer interference effect, so that the quantitative calculation of the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums can be realized by determining the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer, the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer is corrected according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer, the amplitude variation caused by the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums in the stratigraphic slice data can be eliminated, and the influence of the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums is eliminated; according to the stratigraphic slice data after the influence of the thin layer interference effect is eliminated, the prediction of the thin reservoir in the work area can be assisted, and the prediction precision of the thin reservoir in the work area can be improved; meanwhile, stratum slice data of the work area are generated directly according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area, compared with the prior art, the thin layer prediction is not limited to terrain any more, the method is applicable to various work area terrains, applicability of thin reservoir prediction of the work area can be improved, and application range of the thin layer prediction is expanded.
During specific implementation, firstly, stratigraphic slice data of a work area is generated according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area. Generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area, which may include: generating phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area; and generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the phase seismic data in the preset angle of the work area.
In an embodiment, generating phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area may include: establishing a corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area; matching the well logging lithology indicating data with the post-stack seismic data according to the corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data; determining the phase of the post-stack seismic data according to the waveform symmetry of the matching result; and performing Hilbert transform on the stacked seismic data according to the phase of the stacked seismic data to generate phase seismic data within a preset angle of the work area.
In one embodiment, the log data and post-stack seismic data for a work zone may include: and (4) making synthetic records and well side-stacked seismic data traces of the work area well with good logging quality. Establishing a corresponding relation between time and depth of seismic data according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of a work area, which can comprise:
and comparing the logging data of the work area with the stacked seismic data, and establishing a corresponding relation between seismic reflection time and depth.
Matching the well logging lithology indicating data and the post-stack seismic data according to the corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data, and determining the phase of the post-stack seismic data according to the waveform symmetry of the matching result; according to the phase of the post-stack seismic data, performing hilbert transform on the post-stack seismic data to generate phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area, which may include:
and matching the well logging lithology indicating data and the post-stack seismic data in the well logging data of the work area according to the corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data, further qualitatively judging the phase of the original post-stack seismic data body according to the waveform symmetry of the post-stack seismic data body, and finally generating a-90-degree phase seismic data body through Hilbert transformation.
The well logging lithology indicating data can comprise natural potential parameters, natural gamma parameters and the like in the well logging data.
In an embodiment, generating stratigraphic slice data of a work area according to phase seismic data within a preset angle of the work area may include: establishing a stratum time model of the work area according to phase seismic data within a preset angle of the work area and by combining preset initial relative geological time and a preset sampling interval of a stratum slice data body; extracting amplitude data of different stratums from phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area along each stratum horizon in a stratum time model of the work area; and generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the amplitude data of each stratum.
The phase seismic data in the preset angle of the work area can be a three-dimensional seismic data body with a-90-degree phase, and the preset angle can be freely set according to work area working conditions and the use requirements of workers.
In one embodiment, establishing a stratigraphic time model of a work area from phased seismic data within a predetermined angle of the work area in combination with a predetermined start relative geologic time and a predetermined sampling interval of a stratigraphic slice data volume may include:
pre-selecting an isochronal marker seismic event as a reference layer; if the marker seismic event axes with the same geologic time are selected from the phase seismic data within the preset angle of the work area as the reference layer;
presetting initial relative geological time and sampling interval of stratigraphic slice data;
calculating the average distance or the maximum distance between every two reference layers according to the preselected reference layers, the preset initial relative geological time and the sampling interval of the stratigraphic slice data;
calculating the number of interpolated stratigraphic slices between every two reference layers according to the average distance or the maximum distance between every two reference layers;
and establishing a stratum time model by applying a linear interpolation function according to the number of the interpolated stratum slices between every two reference layers.
Extracting amplitude data of different stratums from phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area along each stratum horizon in a stratum time model of the work area; generating stratigraphic slice data for the work area from the amplitude data for each of the formations may include:
and extracting amplitude data of different stratums from a-90-degree phase seismic data volume of the work area along each stratum horizon in the stratum time model to generate a stratum slice data volume.
In the above embodiment, by generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area, the aim of eliminating interference effect of the stratum laminas in the subsequent steps is facilitated.
During specific implementation, stratum slice data of a work area are generated according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area, each stratum in the stratum slice data is sequentially used as a target layer, and the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer is determined for each target layer; the interference layer is a plurality of stratums which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the amount of change in the amplitude of the target layer due to the influence of the thin-layer interference of the interference layer.
The sequentially taking each stratum in the stratigraphic slice data as a target layer, and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer, for each target layer, may include:
sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slice data as a target layer, and extracting horizon time and amplitude slice data of each target layer aiming at each target layer; the horizon time is used for describing the seismic reflection time corresponding to the stratum horizon in the phase seismic data within a preset angle;
determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer; determining the horizon time of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer;
and calculating the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and the amplitude slice data of each target layer and the horizon time of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer.
Each stratum in the stratigraphic slice data is sequentially used as a target layer, and each target layer can be recorded as a conventional stratigraphic slice.
In an embodiment, the method for processing the stratum slice data according to the example shown in the present invention may further include: pre-calculating the seismic wavelet wavelength range and the interference layer of the seismic data;
determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer, which may include: and determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of each target layer based on the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range and the interference layers of the seismic data.
Wherein the interference layer can be determined by selecting an interference time window. Determining the interference layer by selecting an interference time window may include: calculating the amplitude spectrum of the original post-stack seismic data volume through Fourier transform; determining the main frequency of the seismic data body according to the amplitude spectrum curve; and estimating the wavelet wavelength of the seismic wavelet according to the dominant frequency, and selecting an interference layer according to a reservoir characteristic curve in the wavelet wavelength range by taking the target thin reservoir as a center.
In an embodiment, the seismic wavelet wavelength range and the interference layer of the seismic data are calculated as follows: fourier transform is carried out on the stacked seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of the stacked seismic data; determining the main frequency of the seismic data according to the amplitude spectrum of the stacked seismic data; calculating the seismic wavelet wavelength range of the seismic data according to the dominant frequency of the seismic data; and calculating an interference layer of the seismic data according to the wavelength range of the seismic wavelets and by combining the characteristic curve of the reservoir in the work area.
In an embodiment, calculating the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and the amplitude slice data of each target layer and the horizon times of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer may include:
calculating the distance from each target layer to a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer according to the horizon time and the amplitude slice data of each target layer and the horizon times of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer;
and calculating the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer according to the distance from each target layer to the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer.
In the above embodiment, by determining the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer, quantitative calculation of the thin layer interference effect between the earth layers can be realized.
Wherein, the interference layer can also be recorded as: and (5) slicing the interference layer.
In specific implementation, each stratum in the stratigraphic slice data is sequentially used as a target layer, and after the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer is determined for each target layer, the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer is corrected according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer, so that the stratigraphic slice data without the influence of thin-layer interference is obtained.
In one embodiment, it may further include: pre-extracting seismic wavelets;
for example, pre-extracting seismic wavelets may include: extracting seismic wavelets based on the post-stack seismic data;
pre-extracting seismic wavelets, which may further include: extracting seismic wavelets by combining the well logging curves with the well-side seismic channel data; the seismic wavelets conform to the joint constraint of logging data and well-side seismic data;
pre-extracting seismic wavelets, which may further include: extracting seismic wavelets according to the seismic data;
in one embodiment, it may further include: pre-calculating the time distance between different levels; the temporal distance between the different levels may be the temporal distance from the target layer to each interference layer slice.
Correcting stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of thin layer interference, which may include:
and correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer by combining the pre-extracted seismic wavelets to obtain the stratigraphic slice data without the influence of the thin-layer interference.
In the above embodiment, the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer is corrected, so that the amplitude variation caused by the interference of the thin layers among the stratums in the stratigraphic slice data can be eliminated, and further the influence of the interference of the thin layers among the stratums is eliminated; according to the stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin layer interference effect, the prediction of the thin reservoir of the work area can be assisted, and the prediction precision of the thin reservoir of the work area can be improved.
In one embodiment, the formation slice data and the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer may be subjected to subtraction processing, so as to correct the formation slice data.
In the above embodiment, by correcting stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer by the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer, the amplitude variation caused by the inter-stratigraphic thin layer interference effect in the stratigraphic slice data can be eliminated, thereby eliminating the influence of the inter-stratigraphic thin layer interference effect; according to the stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin layer interference effect, the prediction of the thin reservoir of the work area can be assisted, and the prediction precision of the thin reservoir of the work area can be improved. In the process of calculating the interference quantity of the adjacent stratum, the distance between a target layer and the adjacent layer and the relation between the target layer and the wavelet are designed, information such as the frequency, the phase, the wavelength and the like of the wavelet needs to be extracted, the relative relation between the interference value and a known measured value can be determined, and finally the size of the interference quantity can be determined.
A specific example is given below to illustrate a specific application of the method of the present invention, which, as shown in FIG. 1, may include
1. Generating a stratigraphic slice data volume;
2. extracting conventional stratum slices;
3. determining a slice of the interference removing layer;
4. method for eliminating interference of adjacent layers.
The generating 1 of the stratigraphic slice data volume may include:
step 101 of establishing a time and depth correspondence,
Step 102 generates a-90 degree phase seismic data volume,
Step 103 selects the isochronal signature seismic event as the reference layer,
Step 105 generates a stratigraphic slice data volume.
Wherein, the determining 3 of the slice of the interference elimination layer may include:
step 301 selects an interference window and an interference layer,
Step 302 determines an interference layer horizon time.
The method 4 for eliminating adjacent layer interference may include:
step 401 wavelet extraction,
Step 402 horizon time distance calculation,
Step 403 eliminates the amount of interference within the interference range.
Firstly, generating a stratigraphic slice data body (namely, generating stratigraphic slice data of a work area according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area), comprising the following steps:
step 101: and establishing a corresponding relation between time and depth, for example, selecting a well with good logging quality to make a synthetic record, comparing the synthetic record with the stacked seismic data traces beside the well, and establishing a corresponding relation between seismic reflection time and depth.
Step 102: generating a-90-degree phase seismic data body (namely phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area), for example, matching a well logging lithology indicating curve (such as natural potential, natural gamma and the like) with an original post-stack seismic data body (namely post-stack seismic data) through a corresponding relation between time and depth, further qualitatively judging the phase of the original post-stack seismic data body according to the waveform symmetry of the post-stack seismic data body, and finally generating the-90-degree phase seismic data body through Hilbert transformation.
Step 103: the isochronal marker seismic event is selected as a reference layer, for example, the marker seismic event with the same geologic time is selected as a reference layer in a-90-degree phase three-dimensional seismic data volume, and usually, reflection continuous layers such as a maximum flood (lake) flood surface, a transversely stable distributed coal seam and the like can be selected. Multiple reference layers may be selected depending on the work area.
Step 104: establishing a stratum time model, such as setting initial relative geological time, setting sampling intervals of a stratum slice data body, calculating the average distance or the maximum distance between every two reference layers, calculating the number of interpolated stratum slices between every two reference layers according to the calculated average distance or the maximum distance and the sampling intervals, and establishing the stratum time model by applying a linear interpolation function between every two reference layers according to the number of the interpolated stratum slices.
Step 105: a stratigraphic slice data volume is generated, such as by extracting amplitudes from the-90 degree phase seismic data volume along each stratigraphic horizon in the stratigraphic time model.
Extracting conventional stratigraphic slices and determining interference-free layer slices (namely sequentially taking each stratum in stratigraphic slice data as a target layer and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer aiming at each target layer):
and extracting the horizon time and amplitude slices of the target layer, for example, determining the time of the target layer in a-90-degree phase seismic data volume through the-90-degree phase seismic data volume, the time and depth corresponding relation and a logging lithology indicating curve, extracting the horizon time of the target layer from a stratum time model according to the determined time of the target layer, and extracting the amplitude slices of the target layer from the stratum slice data volume according to the determined horizon time of the target layer.
The determination of the slice of the interference elimination layer may include the following steps:
step 301: selecting an interference time window and an interference layer, such as calculating an amplitude spectrum of an original post-stack seismic data body through Fourier transform, determining a dominant frequency of the seismic data body according to an amplitude spectrum curve, estimating a seismic wavelet wavelength according to the dominant frequency, and selecting the interference layer according to a reservoir characteristic curve in a wavelet wavelength range by taking a target thin reservoir as a center.
Step 302: determining the horizon time of the interference layer, such as through a-90-degree phase seismic data volume, a time-depth curve of a typical well and the selected interference layer, determining the time of the interference layer in the-90-degree phase seismic data volume, and extracting the horizon time of the interference layer from a stratum time model according to the determined time of the interference layer.
Thirdly, a method for eliminating the interference of adjacent layers (namely, correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain the stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin layer interference effect) comprises the following steps:
step 401: extracting the seismic wavelets, for example, the seismic wavelet extraction can be carried out based on the post-stack seismic data: under the condition of logging information, seismic wavelet extraction can be carried out through a logging curve and by combining with well-side seismic channels, and the extracted seismic wavelets conform to the combined constraint of the logging information and well-side seismic data; in addition, statistical wavelet extraction can be carried out through seismic data under certain assumed conditions, and the extracted wavelets meet the requirement of being consistent with the characteristics of frequency spectrum, phase and the like of original seismic data. And estimates the phase of the extracted wavelet.
Step 402: and calculating the horizon time distance, such as calculating the time distance from the target layer to each interference layer slice.
Step 403: eliminating the interference quantity in the interference range according to the following formula:
wherein S is i The seismic response value of the ith layer (i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N); r is ij R corresponding to each slice is normalized wavelet value (i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N) ij The time distance of the interference layer slice can be calculated; r i To eliminate the seismic response value (i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N) after the interference of the adjacent layers.
In this example, from the log data and the wavelet extracted from the well side-channel (as shown in FIG. 2), the original post-stack seismic data is near zero phase, the polarity is opposite, and the wavelet length is about 60 ms. The synthetic seismic record for this and a typical well (well a) is shown in fig. 3, where the SP log shows a target reservoir depth of about 2210 meters, corresponding to a seismic data time of 1706 milliseconds and a target layer thickness of about 6 meters. A-90 degree phase seismic data volume is generated by a hilbert transform.
The main time window range for interference to the target reservoir is about 1680-. Wherein the thickness of the upper interference layer is about 8 meters, the corresponding seismic data time is 1696 milliseconds, and the interlayer thickness with the target reservoir is about 6 meters. The thickness of the lower interference layer is about 8 meters, the corresponding seismic time is 1716 milliseconds, the thickness of an interlayer between the lower interference layer and a target reservoir stratum is about 12 meters, the target reservoir stratum is far smaller than the seismic resolution, and the upper interference layer and the lower interference layer can interfere with the target reservoir stratum, so that the planar distribution of the target reservoir stratum is difficult to predict.
Comparing the conventional amplitude slice of the target reservoir with the slice after interference removal, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the result of the well wellA of the conventional amplitude slice (fig. 4a) is obviously not consistent with the slicing result, and the conventional amplitude slice is the comprehensive response of three sets of reservoirs of a top interference layer, the target reservoir and a bottom interference layer due to the interference effect of adjacent layers. Wavelet-based interferometer slice (FIG. 4b) shows that the well WellA of a typical well matches the slice results, and that the conventional amplitude slice matches the well at 44% and the wavelet-based interferometer slice matches the well at 78% from an analysis of 9 wells in the work area. The success rate of prediction is improved by 34%. The distribution range of the target reservoir is clearly shown in the figure.
In the embodiment of the invention, stratigraphic slice data of a work area is generated according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area; sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slice data as a target layer, and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer; the interference layer is a plurality of stratums which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin-layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer; correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin-layer interference effect, so that the quantitative calculation of the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums can be realized by determining the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer, the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer is corrected according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer, the amplitude variation caused by the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums in the stratigraphic slice data can be eliminated, and the influence of the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums is eliminated; according to the stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin layer interference effect, the prediction of the thin reservoir of the work area can be assisted, and the prediction precision of the thin reservoir of the work area can be improved; meanwhile, stratum slice data of the work area are generated directly according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area, compared with the prior art, the thin layer prediction is not limited to terrain any more, the method is applicable to various work area terrains, applicability of thin reservoir prediction of the work area can be improved, and application range of the thin layer prediction is expanded.
As mentioned above, the current slicing techniques are mainly time slicing, bedding slicing and stratigraphic slicing, and the 3 slicing techniques are mainly suitable for the sand-in-mud type stratum, the interference of the adjacent layers of the stratum is small, but the stratum of the type is not much developed in the continental stratum and the application range is narrow. The method effectively suppresses the adjacent layer interference effect, is suitable for strata of any structural type, effectively improves the thin layer prediction precision, and has good economic benefit and application prospect.
In the embodiment of the invention, a stratigraphic slice data volume can be established by phase seismic data in a preset angle of a work area and combining the corresponding relation between time and depth of the work area; further extracting amplitude slices of the target layer and the interference layer through the stratigraphic slice data volume; then, by extracting the wavelet, the relative relation between the interference value and the known measured value can be established by combining the distance between the interference layer and the target layer, and the seismic attribute value of the target layer after interference elimination can be further calculated.
The wavelet-based interference layer-removing slicing technology of the embodiment of the invention obtains good application effect in practical application, clearly delineates the distribution range of a target thin reservoir layer through the technology, solves the problem of inaccurate thin layer prediction result caused by adjacent layer interference in a thin interbed stratum structure, provides a new thin layer prediction technology, and is a great breakthrough of seismic sedimentology in thin interbed prediction. The embodiment of the invention is suitable for the field of seismic exploration or development, in particular to the aspect of prediction of a target thin reservoir in a thin interbed reservoir; thin interbed is widely developed in the continental facies sedimentary basin, and the thin reservoir is the main place for gathering oil and gas, so the embodiment of the invention has wide application prospect.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a stratum slice data processing device, and the stratum slice data processing device is as follows. Because the principle of the device for solving the problems is similar to the stratigraphic slice data processing method, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the stratigraphic slice data processing method, and repeated parts are not described again.
The stratum slice data processing device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for eliminating the influence of the thin layer interference effect between the stratums and improving the precision and the applicability of thin reservoir prediction, as shown in fig. 6, the device may include:
the stratigraphic slice data generating module 01 is used for generating stratigraphic slice data of a work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
the interference amount determining module 02 is used for sequentially taking each stratum in the stratigraphic slice data as a target layer and determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer aiming at each target layer; the interference layer is a plurality of stratums which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin-layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer;
and the data processing module 03 is configured to correct the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer, so as to obtain stratigraphic slice data from which the influence of the thin-layer interference is eliminated.
In one embodiment, the stratigraphic slice data generation module is specifically configured to:
generating phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
and generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the phase seismic data within the preset angle of the work area.
In an embodiment, the stratigraphic slice data generation module is specifically configured to:
establishing a corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
matching the well logging lithology indicating data with the post-stack seismic data according to the corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data;
determining the phase of the post-stack seismic data according to the waveform symmetry of the matching result;
and performing Hilbert transform on the stacked seismic data according to the phase of the stacked seismic data to generate phase seismic data within a preset angle of the work area.
In one embodiment, the stratigraphic slice data generation module is specifically configured to:
establishing a stratum time model of the work area according to phase seismic data within a preset angle of the work area and by combining preset initial relative geological time and a preset sampling interval of a stratum slice data body;
extracting amplitude data of different stratums from phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area along each stratum horizon in a stratum time model of the work area;
and generating stratum slice data of the work area according to the amplitude data of each stratum.
In one embodiment, the interference amount determining module is specifically configured to:
sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slicing data as a target layer, and extracting horizon time and amplitude slicing data of each target layer aiming at each target layer; the horizon time is used for describing the seismic reflection time corresponding to the stratum horizon in the phase seismic data within a preset angle;
determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer;
determining the horizon time of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer;
and calculating the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and the amplitude slice data of each target layer and the horizon time of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a data pre-computation module to: pre-calculating the seismic wavelet wavelength range and the interference layer of the seismic data;
the interference amount determination module is specifically configured to:
and determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of each target layer based on the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range and the interference layers of the seismic data.
In one embodiment, the data pre-calculation module is specifically configured to: :
fourier transform is carried out on the stacked seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of the stacked seismic data;
determining the main frequency of the seismic data according to the amplitude spectrum of the stacked seismic data;
calculating the seismic wavelet wavelength range of the seismic data according to the dominant frequency of the seismic data;
and calculating an interference layer of the seismic data according to the wavelength range of the seismic wavelets and by combining the characteristic curve of the reservoir in the work area.
In one embodiment, the interference amount determining module is specifically configured to:
calculating the distance from each target layer to a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer according to the horizon time and the amplitude slice data of each target layer and the horizon times of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer;
and calculating the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer according to the distance from each target layer to the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the stratigraphic slice data processing method when executing the computer program.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program for executing the above stratigraphic slice data processing method is stored.
In the embodiment of the invention, stratigraphic slice data of a work area is generated according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area; sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slice data as a target layer, and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer; the interference layer is a plurality of stratums which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin-layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer; correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin-layer interference effect, so that the quantitative calculation of the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums can be realized by determining the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer, the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer is corrected according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer, the amplitude variation caused by the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums in the stratigraphic slice data can be eliminated, and the influence of the thin-layer interference effect between the stratums is eliminated; according to the stratigraphic slice data after eliminating the influence of the thin layer interference effect, the prediction of the thin reservoir of the work area can be assisted, and the prediction precision of the thin reservoir of the work area can be improved; meanwhile, stratum slice data of the work area are generated directly according to logging data and post-stack seismic data of the work area, compared with the prior art, the thin layer prediction is not limited to terrain any more, the method is applicable to various work area terrains, applicability of thin reservoir prediction of the work area can be improved, and application range of the thin layer prediction is expanded.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. A method for processing formation slice data, comprising:
generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slice data as a target layer, and determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer; the interference layer is a plurality of strata which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin-layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer;
and correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain the stratigraphic slice data after the influence of the thin-layer interference effect is eliminated.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating stratigraphic slice data for the work area from the log data and the post-stack seismic data for the work area comprises:
generating phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
and generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the phase seismic data within the preset angle of the work area.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein generating phased seismic data within a predetermined angle of the work area based on the log data and post-stack seismic data for the work area comprises:
establishing a corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
matching the well logging lithology indicating data with the post-stack seismic data according to the corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data;
determining the phase of the post-stack seismic data according to the waveform symmetry of the matching result;
and performing Hilbert transform on the stacked seismic data according to the phase of the stacked seismic data to generate phase seismic data within a preset angle of the work area.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein generating stratigraphic slice data for the work area from the phased seismic data within the preset angle of the work area comprises:
establishing a stratum time model of the work area according to phase seismic data within a preset angle of the work area and by combining preset initial relative geological time and a preset sampling interval of a stratum slice data body;
extracting amplitude data of different stratums from phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area along each stratum horizon in a stratum time model of the work area;
and generating stratum slice data of the work area according to the amplitude data of each stratum.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein sequentially taking each stratigraphic layer in the stratigraphic slice data as a target layer, and for each target layer, determining the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer comprises:
sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slicing data as a target layer, and extracting horizon time and amplitude slicing data of each target layer aiming at each target layer; the horizon time is used for describing the seismic reflection time corresponding to the stratum in the phase seismic data within a preset angle;
determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer;
determining the horizon time of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer;
and calculating the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and the amplitude slice data of each target layer and the horizon time of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: pre-calculating the seismic wavelet wavelength range and the interference layer of the seismic data;
determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of each target layer based on the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range and the interference layer of the seismic data.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the seismic wavelet wavelength ranges and the interference layers of the seismic data are calculated as follows:
fourier transform is carried out on the stacked seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of the stacked seismic data;
determining the main frequency of the seismic data according to the amplitude spectrum of the stacked seismic data;
calculating the seismic wavelet wavelength range of the seismic data according to the dominant frequency of the seismic data;
and calculating an interference layer of the seismic data according to the wavelength range of the seismic wavelets and by combining the characteristic curve of the reservoir in the work area.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein calculating the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer and the horizon time of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer comprises:
calculating the distance from each target layer to a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer according to the horizon time and the amplitude slice data of each target layer and the horizon times of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer;
and calculating the interference amount of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the distance from each target layer to the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer.
9. A formation slice data processing apparatus, comprising:
the stratigraphic slice data generation module is used for generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
the interference amount determining module is used for sequentially taking each stratum in the stratigraphic slice data as a target layer and determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer aiming at each target layer; the interference layer is a plurality of strata which are related in the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range by taking the target layer as the center; the interference amount of the interference layer is the variable quantity caused by the influence of the thin-layer interference effect of the interference layer on the amplitude of the target layer;
and the data processing module is used for correcting the stratigraphic slice data corresponding to each target layer according to the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer to obtain the stratigraphic slice data after the influence of the thin-layer interference effect is eliminated.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the stratigraphic slice data generation module is specifically configured to:
generating phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
and generating stratigraphic slice data of the work area according to the phase seismic data in the preset angle of the work area.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the stratigraphic slice data generation module is specifically configured to:
establishing a corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data according to the logging data and the post-stack seismic data of the work area;
matching the well logging lithology indicating data with the post-stack seismic data according to the corresponding relation between the time and the depth of the seismic data;
determining the phase of the post-stack seismic data according to the waveform symmetry of the matching result;
and performing Hilbert transform on the stacked seismic data according to the phase of the stacked seismic data to generate phase seismic data within a preset angle of the work area.
12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the stratigraphic slice data generation module is specifically configured to:
establishing a stratum time model of the work area according to phase seismic data within a preset angle of the work area and by combining preset initial relative geological time and a preset sampling interval of a stratum slice data body;
extracting amplitude data of different stratums from phase seismic data within a preset angle of a work area along each stratum horizon in a stratum time model of the work area;
and generating stratum slice data of the work area according to the amplitude data of each stratum.
13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the interference amount determination module is specifically configured to:
sequentially taking each stratum in the stratum slicing data as a target layer, and extracting horizon time and amplitude slicing data of each target layer aiming at each target layer; the horizon time is used for describing the seismic reflection time corresponding to the stratum in the phase seismic data within a preset angle;
determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer;
determining the horizon time of a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of the target layer;
and calculating the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and the amplitude slice data of each target layer and the horizon time of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: a data pre-computation module to: pre-calculating a seismic wavelet wavelength range and an interference layer of seismic data;
the interference amount determination module is specifically configured to:
and determining a plurality of interference layers corresponding to each target layer according to the horizon time and amplitude slice data of each target layer based on the pre-calculated seismic wavelet wavelength range and the interference layers of the seismic data.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the data pre-computation module is specifically configured to:
fourier transform is carried out on the stacked seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of the stacked seismic data;
determining the main frequency of the seismic data according to the amplitude spectrum of the stacked seismic data;
calculating the seismic wavelet wavelength range of the seismic data according to the dominant frequency of the seismic data;
and calculating an interference layer of the seismic data according to the wavelength range of the seismic wavelets and by combining the characteristic curve of the reservoir in the work area.
16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the interference amount determination module is specifically configured to:
calculating the distance from each target layer to a plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer according to the horizon time and the amplitude slice data of each target layer and the horizon times of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer;
and calculating the interference amount of the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer according to the distance from each target layer to the plurality of interference layers corresponding to the target layer.
17. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.
18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program for performing the method of any of claims 1 to 8.
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