CN115112349A - Load decoupling device and ocean wave flow centrifugal model test system - Google Patents
Load decoupling device and ocean wave flow centrifugal model test system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a load decoupling device and a marine wave flow centrifugal model test system, which are used for a marine wave flow centrifugal model test and comprise the following components: the clamping assembly is used for clamping the measured marine building model; the vertical decoupling assembly is used for decoupling vertical constraint and comprises a sliding part and a sliding matching part; the sliding part is connected with the clamping assembly, and the sliding matching part is connected with the sliding part in a sliding manner; the rotational decoupling assembly is used for decoupling rotational constraint and comprises a rotating part and a rotational matching part; the rotating matching part is connected with the sliding matching part, and the rotating part is rotatably connected with the rotating matching part. The clamping assemblies are respectively fixed on different heights of the marine structure model from top to bottom, the combined action of three loads of ocean storm flows is simulated at will on the premise that the centrifugal machine does not stop rotating, the three loads do not interfere with each other, and the requirement of simulating the ocean storm flows borne by the actual marine structure is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical centrifugal model tests, in particular to a load decoupling device and an ocean storm flow centrifugal model test system.
Background
The ocean wind, wave and current centrifugal model test is a geotechnical centrifugal model test which is characterized in that a maritime work building is reduced in size according to a similar criterion to manufacture a maritime work building model, a geotechnical centrifuge is used for rotating to provide centrifugal force, load is applied to the maritime work building model through a dynamic loading device, and the action of sea wind, waves and current is simulated.
The prior art does not have a load decoupling device suitable for a geotechnical centrifugal test at present, only has a patent of a three-way motion decoupling periodic structure for a vibration table model box, for example, Chinese patent document with publication number CN107782521A, discloses a three-way motion decoupling periodic structure for a vibration table model box, is suitable for a hypergravity vibration table test of a three-way earthquake dynamic test, and has the defect that the load decoupling device is not suitable for the geotechnical centrifugal test.
The device for simulating sea wind, sea wave and sea current loads used in the existing geotechnical centrifugal test has the defects that the loads cannot be gradually applied on the premise that a centrifugal machine does not stop rotating, and multidirectional loads are mutually interfered, so that the free deformation of a model structure foundation in a soil body can be restrained. Therefore, a load decoupling device needs to be designed to meet the requirement of load simulation of the ocean wave flow centrifugal model test.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a load decoupling device and a marine storm centrifugal model test system, so that the geotechnical centrifuge gradually applies three different types of loads, namely sea wind, sea wave and sea current, without mutual interference on the premise of no rotation, and the requirement of simulating the marine storm current borne by an actual marine structure is met.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a load decoupling device for a marine wave flow centrifugal model test, which comprises:
the clamping assembly is used for clamping the measured marine building model;
the vertical decoupling assembly is used for decoupling vertical constraint and comprises a sliding part and a sliding matching part; the sliding part is connected with the clamping assembly, and the sliding matching part is connected with the sliding part in a sliding manner;
the rotational decoupling assembly is used for decoupling rotational constraint and comprises a rotating part and a rotational matching part; the rotating matching part is connected with the sliding matching part, and the rotating part is rotatably connected with the rotating matching part.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least two of the clamping assemblies are provided and are parallel to each other.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the clamping assembly includes a clamping groove and a fastening member, the clamping groove is hooped on the outer periphery of the measured marine structure model, and the fastening member is used for adjusting a clamping diameter of the clamping groove.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping diameter of the clamping groove is not smaller than the diameter of the clamped portion of the marine structure model to be measured.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the sliding portion is not less than the settling distance of the marine structure model to be measured.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, a length of the slide fitting portion in the sliding direction is not less than a length of the dynamic loading device loading surface in the vertical direction.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, at least a part of the rotating portion is spherical, and the spherical portion of the rotating portion is fitted into the rotation-fitting portion.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the diameter of the rotating portion is not smaller than the length of the loading surface of the dynamic loading unit in the vertical direction.
The utility model provides an ocean stormy wave flows centrifugal model test system, includes a plurality of load decoupling zero devices, still includes:
the centrifugal component is used for placing the measured marine structure model and applying centrifugal force to the measured marine structure model;
the dynamic loading device comprises a sea wind dynamic loading device, a sea wave dynamic loading device and a sea current dynamic loading device;
one end of the load decoupling device is connected with the measured marine structure model, and the other end of the load decoupling device is connected with the sea wind dynamic loading device, the sea wave dynamic loading device and the sea current dynamic loading device.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, a plurality of the load decoupling devices are connected to the measured marine structure model in a height direction.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the load decoupling device and the ocean storm flow centrifugal model test system, three different dynamic loading devices, namely, sea wind, sea wave and ocean current, are connected with the measured ocean engineering building model through the load decoupling device, so that the centrifugal machine gradually applies three different types of loads, namely, sea wind, sea wave and ocean current on the premise of not stopping rotation, various loads are guaranteed not to interfere with one another, and the requirement of simulating the ocean storm flow on an actual ocean engineering building is met.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference will now be made in detail to the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is an elevational view of the load decoupling assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the load decoupling apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a side view of the path of motion of the load decoupling apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an assembled top view of the ocean wave current centrifugal model test system of the present invention.
The specification reference numbers indicate: 1. a load decoupling device; 2. a clamping assembly; 21. a card slot; 22. a fastener; 3. a vertical decoupling assembly; 31. a sliding part; 32. a slide-fit portion; 4. a rotational decoupling assembly; 41. a rotating part; 42. a rotation fitting portion; 43. a support arm; 5. a base; 6. and (4) a dynamic loading device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "second" or "first" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features, or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements does not include a limitation to the listed steps or elements but may alternatively include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of a load decoupling apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes:
and the clamping component 2 is used for clamping the designated position of the measured marine structure model, namely clamping the loading point of the measured marine structure model.
The clamping component 2 comprises a clamping groove 21 and a fastener 22, the clamping groove 21 is hooped at the periphery of a loading point of the measured marine building model, and the fastener 22 is used for adjusting the clamping diameter of the clamping groove 21. The clamping component 2 is the hoop, and the clamping diameter is the inner diameter of the hoop.
The clamping grooves 21 comprise two symmetrical clamping grooves and arc-shaped avoiding parts. The fasteners 22 are bolts, and are provided with two bolts for connecting the two clamping grooves 21 and forming a hoop. The staple bolt is detachable construction, and accessible bolt adjustment centre gripping diameter is in order to adapt to the marine structure model of different sizes.
And the vertical decoupling assembly 3 is used for decoupling vertical constraint so as to meet the requirement of settlement of the measured marine building model.
The vertical decoupling assembly 3 comprises a sliding portion 31, a sliding fit portion 32. The sliding part 31 is connected with the clamping component 2, and the sliding matching part 32 is connected with the sliding part 31 in a sliding way. The sliding portion 31 is a vertically arranged sliding rod, the sliding fit portion 32 is a sliding block sleeved on the sliding rod, and the sliding rod is connected with the sliding block in a sliding mode. The clamping assembly 2 is arranged on the sliding rod.
When the measured marine structure model is settled, the vertical decoupling assembly 3 decouples the vertical motion of the marine structure model through the vertical activity of the vertical decoupling assembly 3, and the clamping assembly 2 is guaranteed to move along with the loading point of the measured marine structure model.
And the rotation decoupling component 4 is used for decoupling rotation constraint so as to meet the requirements of inclination and deflection of the measured marine structure model and ensure that the measured marine structure model can be freely deformed in a soil body on the premise of no additional constraint.
The rotational decoupling assembly 4 includes a rotating portion 41 and a rotational fitting portion 42. The rotation fitting portion 42 is connected to the sliding fitting portion 32, and the rotation portion 41 is rotatably connected to the rotation fitting portion 42. At least a part of the rotating part 41 is spherical, and the spherical part of the rotating part 41 is embedded in the rotation matching part 42. Specifically, one end of the rotating part 41 is a joint ball, and the rotation matching part 42 is a groove matched with the joint ball, so as to realize rotation decoupling. The other end of the rotating part 41 is a support arm 43 connected with the joint ball, and the support arm 43 is provided with a groove for connecting with a loading surface of the dynamic loading device 6 to transfer load.
When the measured marine structure model is inclined and deflected, the rotary decoupling assembly 4 decouples the rotation of the marine structure model through the rotation of the rotary decoupling assembly 4, and the clamping assembly 2 is guaranteed to move along with the loading point of the measured marine structure model.
Under the combined action of the clamping component 2, the vertical decoupling component 3 and the rotary decoupling component 4, the stable connection between the load decoupling device 1 and the measured marine building model in the deformation process is realized. When a plurality of load decoupling devices 1 are used, the load decoupling devices 1 can enable the relative positions of the loading points to be constant in the deformation process of the measured marine structure model, and the combined action of three loads of ocean storm currents can be simulated at will under the condition that the centrifugal machine does not stop rotating.
Preferably, at least two anchor ears are arranged and are parallel to each other. The two anchor ears are respectively arranged at two ends of the slide bar and are respectively connected with the loading points of the tested marine construction model, so that the relative positions of the loading points are ensured to be constant.
Preferably, the sizes of all parts of the load decoupling device 1 are determined according to the size of the measured marine structure and the size of the dynamic loading device 6.
The clamping diameter of the clamping groove 21 is not smaller than the diameter of the loading point of the measured marine building model. The length of the sliding part 31 is not less than the sinking distance of the loading point of the measured marine building model. The length of the sliding fit portion 32 in the sliding direction is not less than the length of the loading surface of the dynamic loading device 6 in the vertical direction. The diameter of the rotating part 41 is not less than the length of the loading surface of the dynamic loading device 6 along the vertical direction.
The specific process of dimensioning the load decoupling apparatus 1 is as follows:
s101: the actual size of the marine structure is determined.
The actual size of the loading point of the marine structure is the diameter of the loading pointD 1 Load point settlementH 1 。
S102: determining a suitable scale based on test conditions (e.g., model box size, centrifuge size, complexity of prototype study problem, etc.)N. For example, inN=60。
S103: and determining the size of the marine building model corresponding to the loading point.
Diameter of loading point of marine building modelD，D=D 1 /N。
Settlement distance of loading point of marine building modelH，H=H 1 /N。
S104: the load decoupling apparatus 1 is dimensioned.
Measuring the length of the loading surface of the dynamic loading device 6 in the vertical directionT。
Diameter of anchor earD 0 ，D 0 =D=D 1 /N。
Slide bar length (slide block movable length)H 0 ，H 0 ≥H=H 1 /N。
Length of slide block along vertical movement directionK 0 ，K 0 ≥T。
Diameter of joint ballM 0 ，M 0 ≥T。
Example two
Referring to the attached drawings 1-4, an embodiment of an ocean wave flow centrifugal model test system comprises a plurality of load decoupling devices 1 and further comprises:
and the centrifugal assembly is used for placing the measured marine building model and applying centrifugal force to the measured marine building model. The centrifugal component comprises a model box for placing the measured marine building model and a centrifuge for placing the model box.
The dynamic loading device 6 comprises a sea wind dynamic loading device, a sea wave dynamic loading device and a sea current dynamic loading device. The sea wind dynamic loading device is used for loading sea wind loads, the sea wave dynamic loading device is used for loading sea wave loads, and the sea current dynamic loading device is used for loading sea current loads.
One end of the load decoupling device 1 is connected with the measured marine structure model, and the other end of the load decoupling device is connected with the sea wind dynamic loading device, the sea wave dynamic loading device and the sea current dynamic loading device. Preferably, the number of the load decoupling devices 1 is three, and the three load decoupling devices 1 are respectively connected with the sea wind dynamic loading device, the sea wave dynamic loading device and the sea current dynamic loading device. Furthermore, the load decoupling devices 1 are connected with the measured marine structure model along the height direction, that is, the three load decoupling devices 1 are sequentially connected with the loading points of the measured marine structure model at different heights from top to bottom. And starting a centrifugal assembly, wherein at least one of the sea wind dynamic loading device, the sea wave dynamic loading device and the sea current dynamic loading device applies a load to the measured marine structure model through the load decoupling device 1, and the combined action of one or more loads of sea current, sea wave and sea wind is simulated.
The specific process of the ocean wave flow centrifugal model test is as follows:
s201: determining a similar scale according to actual conditions, and then manufacturing a marine building model and a load decoupling device 1 with corresponding size;
s202: filling a soil sample in the model box and placing a marine building model;
s203: fixing a sea wind dynamic loading device, a sea current dynamic loading device and a sea wave dynamic loading device on a base 5 and installing the base above a model box;
s204: the sea wind dynamic loading device, the sea current dynamic loading device and the sea wave dynamic loading device are connected with the loading point of the measured marine building model through respective load decoupling devices 1;
s205: moving and fixing the assembled model box on a centrifuge basket bottom plate, installing a test system and carrying out safety inspection;
s206: after the test is correct, the control operation is carried out in a centrifuge control chamber in a remote automatic control mode, the centrifuge is started, one or more of sea wind, sea wave and sea current loads are applied to the tested marine structure model according to the test requirement, and test data are recorded;
s207: after the centrifuge rotates for a period of time and reaches a stable state, one or more of sea wind load, sea wave load and sea current load is continuously applied through a remote control system, the combined action of the sea current load, the sea wave load and the sea wind load is simulated, test data is recorded, and the test is stopped after the expected duration is reached.
The main operation auxiliary machinery is hoisting equipment, and is a device commonly used in the existing geotechnical centrifugal model test technology.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. based on different test requirements, the load decoupling device can simultaneously apply three loads with different mechanical characteristics, namely sea wind, sea current and sea waves, and the loads do not interfere with each other.
2. The clamping assembly of the load decoupling device is fixedly connected with a certain position of the marine building model, so that the constancy of the relative position between the loading points can be ensured.
3. The sliding part and the sliding matching part of the load decoupling device can decouple vertical restraint, provide a vertical motion path and meet the requirement of sedimentation of the marine building model.
4. The rotating part and the rotating matching part of the load decoupling device can decouple rotation constraint so as to meet the requirements of inclination and deflection of the marine building model.
5. The load decoupling device has a multi-degree-of-freedom decoupling function, and can ensure that the model structure can deform freely in the soil body on the premise of no additional constraint.
6. The load decoupling device can gradually apply three different types of loads, namely ocean current, ocean wave and ocean wind, on the premise that the centrifugal machine does not stop rotating, and can be adjusted and combined at will according to test requirements.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Various other modifications and alterations will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A load decoupling device is characterized in that the device is used for a marine wave flow centrifugal model test and comprises:
the clamping component is used for clamping the measured marine building model;
the vertical decoupling assembly is used for decoupling vertical constraint and comprises a sliding part and a sliding matching part; the sliding part is connected with the clamping assembly, and the sliding matching part is connected with the sliding part in a sliding manner;
the rotational decoupling assembly is used for decoupling rotational constraint and comprises a rotating part and a rotational matching part; the rotating matching part is connected with the sliding matching part, and the rotating part is rotatably connected with the rotating matching part.
2. A load decoupling assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least two of said clamp assemblies are arranged parallel to each other.
3. The load decoupling device of claim 1, wherein the clamping assembly comprises a clamping groove and a fastener, the clamping groove is hooped on the outer periphery of the measured marine building model, and the fastener is used for adjusting the clamping diameter of the clamping groove.
4. The load decoupling device of claim 3, wherein the clamping diameter of the clamping groove is not less than the diameter of the clamped part of the marine structure model to be tested.
5. The load decoupling device of claim 1, wherein the length of the sliding portion is not less than the settling distance of the marine structure model under test.
6. A load decoupling device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the length of the sliding engagement portion in the sliding direction is no less than the length of the dynamic loading means loading surface in the vertical direction.
7. A load decoupling device as in claim 1 wherein at least a portion of said rotating portion is spherical and said spherical portion of said rotating portion is nested within said rotating mating portion.
8. The load decoupling device of claim 7, wherein the diameter of the rotating portion is not less than the vertical length of the dynamic loading device loading surface.
9. A marine wave and current centrifugal model test system, comprising a plurality of load decoupling devices according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising:
the centrifugal component is used for placing the measured marine structure model and applying centrifugal force to the measured marine structure model;
the dynamic loading device comprises a sea wind dynamic loading device, a sea wave dynamic loading device and an ocean current dynamic loading device;
one end of the load decoupling device is connected with the measured marine structure model, and the other end of the load decoupling device is connected with the sea wind dynamic loading device, the sea wave dynamic loading device and the sea current dynamic loading device.
10. The marine storm centrifugal model test system of claim 9, wherein a plurality of said load decoupling devices are connected to said measured marine structure model in a height direction.
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