CN115107941A - Floating square matrix structure and water surface photovoltaic system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating square matrix structure and a water surface photovoltaic system, wherein the floating square matrix structure comprises at least 2 floating body units which are connected with each other; the floating body unit comprises main floating body rows and connecting support rods, the row number of the main floating body rows is at least 2, the main floating body rows are arranged along the first direction of the main floating body rows at intervals, the number of the connecting support rods is at least 1, and each connecting support rod is arranged along the second direction of the main floating body rows at intervals and is connected with each main floating body row. According to the floating square matrix structure provided by the invention, the whole floating square matrix structure is divided into at least 2 floating body units, and the main floating body rows in each floating body unit are fixed through the connecting support rods, so that the length of the connecting support rods is reduced, the floating square matrix structure is convenient to disassemble, assemble and replace, the disassembling and assembling time is reduced, and the manpower is saved.

Description

A floating square array structure and water surface photovoltaic system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a floating square array structure and a water surface photovoltaic system.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, large-scale photovoltaic power plants have grown rapidly, especially floating photovoltaic power plants on the water surface, because they are suitable for drinking water reservoirs, hydropower reservoirs, offshore waters and extremely cold areas and other scenarios. Reliability and environmental protection have been widely recognized and become an important development direction of the photovoltaic industry in the future.

At present, the floating phalanx structure supporting the photovoltaic power station usually connects the floating bodies in series through metal galvanized rods or aluminum alloy members. Whether it is an east-west rod or a north-south rod, the length of the rod is relatively long, basically more than 6m , the longer one may reach about 10m, which has higher requirements for storage, loading and unloading, logistics and other sites and tools; during transportation and installation, the rod is prone to deformation, which affects the installation accuracy; in the after-sales link, Replacing long rods takes more time and manpower.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the first object of the present invention is to provide a floating square matrix structure to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the connector and avoid the deformation of the connector.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a water surface photovoltaic system.

In order to realize the above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme:

A floating square matrix structure, comprising at least 2 interconnected floating body units;

The floating body unit includes a main floating body row and a connecting support rod. The number of the main floating body row is at least 2 rows, and they are respectively arranged at intervals along the first direction of the main floating body row. The number of the connecting support rods is There are at least two, and each of the connecting support rods is arranged at intervals along the second direction of the main floating body row, and is respectively connected to each of the main floating body rows.

In a specific embodiment, each of the floating body units is connected in sequence along the first direction of the main floating body row, and adjacent floating body units are arranged in common with the main floating body row.

In another specific embodiment, in all the floating body units, the connecting support rods in the adjacent floating body units are staggered;

or

In all the floating body units, the connecting support rods in the adjacent floating body units are collinearly arranged; or

In all the floating body units, the connecting support rods in at least two adjacent floating body units are staggered, and the connecting support rods in at least two adjacent floating body units are collinear.

In another specific embodiment, in the floating body unit, the number of rows of the main floating body row is two, and the two ends of the connecting support rod are respectively connected to the two main floating body rows, and are arranged along the main floating body row. In the second direction of the connecting support rod, at least one photovoltaic component is installed on the connecting support rod.

In another specific embodiment, in the floating body unit, the number of rows of the main floating body row is at least 3, and the connecting support rods sequentially fix each of the main floating body rows in series, and support the main floating body rows along the connection. In the second direction of the rod, at least one photovoltaic module is installed on the rod body of the connecting support rod located between the adjacent main floating body rows.

In another specific embodiment, the lengths of the connecting support rods in each of the floating body units are the same.

In another specific embodiment, the main floating body of the main floating body row is provided with a holding ear, and the main floating body and the connecting support rod are connected by the holding ear;

or

A groove is provided on the main floating body of the main floating body row, and the connecting support rod is accommodated and installed in the groove.

In another specific embodiment, the floating square matrix structure further comprises an operation and maintenance floating body row connecting the side walls of each of the floating body units;

The operation and maintenance floating body row includes a plurality of operation and maintenance floating bodies connected in series.

In another specific embodiment, in the row of the operation and maintenance floating bodies used to connect with the adjacent floating square array structures, the operation and maintenance floating bodies are sequentially arranged in series along the first direction of the operation and maintenance floating bodies; In the remaining row of operation and maintenance floating bodies, the floating bodies for operation and maintenance are sequentially arranged in series along the second direction of the floating body for operation and maintenance;

or

In all the operation and maintenance floating body rows, the operation and maintenance floating bodies are sequentially arranged in series along the second direction of the operation and maintenance floating body;

or

In all the operation and maintenance floating body rows, the operation and maintenance floating bodies are sequentially arranged in series along the first direction of the operation and maintenance floating body.

In another specific embodiment, the operation and maintenance floating body is the same type of floating body as the main floating body;

and / or

The top surface of the operation and maintenance floating body is provided with anti-skid protrusions and/or anti-skid grooves and/or anti-skid pattern layers.

Various embodiments according to the present invention can be combined arbitrarily as required, and the embodiments obtained after these combinations are also within the scope of the present invention and are part of the specific embodiments of the present invention.

In the floating square array structure provided by the present invention, the entire floating square array structure is divided into at least two floating body units, and the main floating body rows in each floating body unit are fixed by connecting support rods, thereby reducing the length of the connecting support rods. It is easy to disassemble and replace, which reduces the disassembly time and saves manpower.

In order to realize the above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme:

A water surface photovoltaic system, comprising photovoltaic modules and the floating square array structure according to any one of the above;

The photovoltaic modules are respectively installed in rows on the connecting support rods of the floating square array structure.

Since the water surface photovoltaic system provided by the present invention includes the floating square array structure in any of the above, the beneficial effects of the floating square array structure are all included in the water surface photovoltaic system disclosed in the present invention.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface photovoltaic system provided by a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface photovoltaic system provided by a second embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface photovoltaic system provided by a third embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface photovoltaic system provided by a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface photovoltaic system provided by a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface photovoltaic system provided by a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface photovoltaic system provided by a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface photovoltaic system provided by an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface photovoltaic system provided by a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of a parallel alignment connection mode of connecting support rods provided by the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the staggered connection mode of connecting support rods provided by the present invention.

Among them, in Figure 1-Figure 11:

Floating square array structure 1000, floating body unit 100, main floating body row 101, connecting support rod 102, main floating body 101a, holding ears 101a-1, operation and maintenance floating body 201, operation and maintenance floating body row 200, bolts 300, flange nuts 400, water surface Photovoltaic system 10000, photovoltaic module 2000.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-11 in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top surface", "bottom surface", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only For the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, it is not indicated or implied that the indicated positions or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

1-11, the first aspect of the present invention provides a floating square matrix structure 1000, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the connector and avoids the deformation of the connector.

The floating square matrix structure 1000 includes floating body units 100, and the number of the floating body units 100 is at least two, and the floating body units 100 are connected to each other to form a whole.

Specifically, the floating body unit 100 includes a main floating body row 101 and connecting support rods 102 . The number of the main floating body row 101 is at least two, and the rows of the main floating body row 101 are respectively arranged at intervals along the first direction of the main floating body row 101 . Each of the connecting support rods 102 The number is at least 1. That is, the photovoltaic module 2000 can be supported by only one connecting support rod 102, that is, a single rod supports the photovoltaic module 2000, as shown in FIG. 2; the photovoltaic module 2000 can also be supported by two connecting support rods 102, that is, a double rod supports the photovoltaic module 2000 , as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 to FIG. 9 ; of course, the photovoltaic module 2000 can also be set to be supported by three or more connecting support rods 102 .

Each connecting support rod 102 is arranged at intervals along the second direction of the main floating body row 101 , and is connected to each main floating body row 101 respectively, so as to connect each row of the main floating body row 101 as a whole.

Specifically, the first direction is the width direction of the main floating body row 101 , and the second direction is the length direction of the main floating body row 101 . It should be noted that the first direction is not limited to the width direction of the main floating body row 101 , but may also be a direction inclined at a certain angle to the width direction of the main floating body row 101 , and the second direction may also be the direction of the main floating body row 101 . A direction in which the longitudinal direction is inclined at a certain angle, etc.

In the floating square matrix structure 1000 provided by the present invention, the entire floating square matrix structure 1000 is divided into at least two floating body units 100, and the main floating body rows 101 in each floating body unit 100 are fixed by connecting support rods 102, thereby reducing the size of the floating body. Connecting the length of the support rod 102 is convenient for disassembly and replacement, which reduces the time for disassembly and assembly and saves manpower.

In some embodiments, each floating body unit 100 is sequentially connected along the first direction of the main floating body row 101 , and the main floating body row 101 is arranged between adjacent floating body units 100 . That is to say, a row of main floating body rows 101 is shared between adjacent floating body units 100 .

In some embodiments, in all the floating body units 100 , the connecting support rods 102 in adjacent floating body units 100 are arranged in a staggered manner, as shown in FIGS. 1-10 . The connecting support rods 102 are not connected, but are connected to the main floating body row 101 respectively, which reduces the number of connecting pieces between the connecting support rods 102 and effectively shortens the length of the connecting support rods 102 .

It can be understood that the staggered arrangement here means that the connecting support rods 102 are not located on the same straight line.

In some other embodiments, in all the floating body units 100, the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are arranged in a collinear line, as shown in FIG. 11 .

It can be understood that in the same floating body unit 100, every two connecting support rods 102 form a group to achieve stable support for the photovoltaic module 2000. Of course, three or more connecting support rods 102 can also be set into one group. Wait. The number of groups of support connecting rods included in the same floating body unit 100 is not limited, and is specifically set as required.

It should be noted that it is not limited that the connecting support rods 102 in all the floating body units 100 are collinearly arranged or staggered, and the connecting support rods 102 in at least two adjacent floating body units 100 in all the floating body units 100 may also be staggered and arranged , and the connecting support rods 102 in at least two adjacent floating body units 100 are arranged in a collinear line. That is to say, among all the floating body units 100 , the connecting support rods 102 in a part of the floating body units 100 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the connecting support rods 102 in the other part of the floating body units 100 are arranged in a collinear manner.

Further, when the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are arranged in a staggered manner, the two ends of the connecting support rods 102 are flush with or extend from the two ends of the floating body unit 100 respectively. It should be noted that the two ends of the floating body unit 100 It refers to the main floating body row 101 connecting the two ends of the floating body unit 100 to which the two ends of the supporting rod 102 are connected respectively.

When the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are arranged collinearly, the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are separated by a preset distance and are respectively connected to the collinear main floating body rows 101 .

It should be noted that the preset distance is specifically set as required, and is not limited to a specific value.

In some embodiments, in the floating body unit 100 , the number of main floating body rows 101 is two, and the two ends of the connecting support rods 102 are respectively connected to the two main floating body rows 101 , and along the length direction of the connecting support rods 102 , At least one photovoltaic module 2000 is mounted on the connecting support rod 102 .

Specifically, the connecting support rod 102 is vertically connected to the main floating body row 101 . It should be noted that the vertical connection here does not mean completely vertical, but also includes substantially vertical.

In one floating body unit 100, one photovoltaic module 2000 can be installed on the connecting support rod 102, then, correspondingly, one row of photovoltaic modules 2000 on the connecting support rod 102 also forms one row, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 . In this case, the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are staggered; it is also possible that at least two photovoltaic modules 2000 are installed on the connecting support rods 102, then, correspondingly, One row of photovoltaic modules 2000 on the connecting support rods 102 forms two rows, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 , that is, a double-row single-span structure. At this time, the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are staggered. It can also be that at least three photovoltaic modules 2000 are installed on the connecting support rods 102, then, correspondingly, one row of photovoltaic modules 2000 on the connecting support rods 102 also forms three rows, as shown in FIG. 6, that is, a triple row In the single-span structure, at this time, the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are staggered.

It can be understood that the vertical connection between the connecting support rod 102 and the main floating body row 101 is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. The overall stability of the array structure 1000 can be arranged in the same floating body unit 100, and the two ends of the adjacent connecting support rods 102 and the main floating body row 101 are arranged in a trapezoidal shape or the like.

In some embodiments, in the floating body unit 100 , the number of main floating body rows 101 is at least three, the connecting support rods 102 are connected in series to fix each main floating body row 101 in sequence, and the connecting support rods 102 are connected along the length direction of the connecting support rods 102 . At least one photovoltaic module 2000 is installed on the rod body 102 between adjacent main floating body rows 101 .

That is to say, in the floating body unit 100, the number of rows of the main floating body row 101 may be 3 rows, or may be 4 rows or more than 4 rows, etc., and the connecting support rods 102 are connected from the main floating body row 101 at one end of the floating body unit 100 to the other end. The direction of the main floating body row 101 is connected with each main floating body row 101 in turn, and one photovoltaic module 2000 can be installed on the rod body where the connecting support rod 102 is located between the adjacent main floating body rows 101, then, correspondingly, one row of connecting support rods The photovoltaic modules 2000 on the rods 102 also form one row; of course, two or more photovoltaic modules 2000 can be installed on the rods where the connecting support rods 102 are located between the adjacent main floating body rows 101. Correspondingly, one row is connected to support The photovoltaic modules 2000 on the rod 102 also form two or more rows of photovoltaic modules 2000 .

Taking the number of main floating body rows 101 as 3 rows as an example, as shown in FIG. 7 , that is, a single-row double-span structure, there is only one row of photovoltaic modules 2000 between adjacent main floating body rows 101 ; it can also be shown in FIG. 8 . , that is, double row and double span structure, two rows of photovoltaic modules 2000 are arranged between adjacent main floating body rows 101 ; of course, three or more rows of photovoltaic modules 2000 can also be arranged between adjacent main floating body rows 101 .

Taking the number of main floating body rows 101 as four rows as an example, as shown in FIG. 9 , that is, a single row three-span structure, only one row of photovoltaic modules 2000 is arranged between adjacent main floating body rows 101 .

It should be noted that, in the above disclosed embodiments, the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are arranged in a staggered manner, which are only some specific embodiments of the present invention. In practical applications, adjacent floating body units 100 may also be arranged. The connecting support rods 102 in the are arranged collinearly.

In some embodiments, the main floating body row 101 includes a plurality of main floating body 101a connected end to end in sequence, and the adjacent main floating body 101a are detachably connected to facilitate disassembly, assembly and replacement, so as to form main floating body rows 101 of different lengths, thereby adapting to different demand.

It can be understood that the sequential head-to-tail connection here may be the main floating body 101a connected head-to-tail along the length direction of the main floating body 101a, or may be connected head-to-tail along the width direction of the main floating body 101a. The specific connection direction is not limited, as long as it can form The structure of the main floating body row 101 connected as a whole belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the connection of the main floating body row 101 by the main floating body 101a is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. The pipe and the main floating body 101a are spliced together, etc., which can be specifically set as required.

Further, the present invention discloses that the main floating body 101a is provided with a holding ear 101a-1, and the main floating body 101a and the connecting support rod 102 are connected by the holding ear 101a-1.

It can be understood that the retaining lug 101a-1 can connect the main floating body 101a and the connecting support rod 102 individually, or can simultaneously connect the adjacent main floating body 101a and the main floating body 101a and the connecting support rod 102.

Specifically, taking the retaining lug 101a-1 simultaneously connecting the adjacent main floating body 101a and the main floating body 101a and the connecting support rod 102 as an example, the bolts 300 pass through the retaining lug 101a-1 of the adjacent main floating body 101a and the connecting supporting rod 102 in sequence. through hole and fastened by flange nut 400. In the present invention, by fixing the connecting support rod 102 at the connection of the adjacent main floating body 101a, it avoids the need for a separate connecting piece (such as a holding ear) on the main floating body 101a, and because the connecting support rod 102 and the main floating body 101a are used for connecting The fasteners are used for the adjacent main floating bodies 101a, therefore, the present invention also reduces the number of fasteners used, reduces the cost, and facilitates installation.

When the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are arranged in a staggered manner, since the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are connected at different holding ears 101a-1 of the main floating body 101a, it is avoided to install the holding ears at the same place 101a-1 causes the problem of stress concentration at the lug 101a-1, thereby improving the stability of the entire system.

It should be noted that the connection between the main floating body 101a and the connecting support rod 102 is not limited to realizing the connection between the main floating body 101a and the connecting support rod 102 through the holding ears 101a-1, and the connection between the two can also be realized in other ways. For example, the main floating body 101a of the main floating body row 101 is provided with a In the groove 101a-2, the connecting support rod 102 is accommodated and installed in the groove 101a-2.

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , FIG. 7 shows the connection with the adjacent main floating body 101 a when the connecting support rods 102 in the adjacent floating body units 100 are arranged in a staggered manner. FIG. 8 shows the connection with the adjacent main floating body 101a when the connecting support members in the adjacent floating body units 100 are arranged collinearly.

In order to facilitate adjustment of the spacing between adjacent main floating body rows 101 , the present invention discloses that the connecting support rods 102 are provided with long through holes or a plurality of through holes spaced apart.

It can be understood that the connecting support rod 102 is not limited to being connected to the lug 101a-1 of the adjacent main floating body 101a, and the main floating body 101a can also be provided with a slot for snapping the connecting support rod 102 and the like.

In some embodiments, the present invention discloses that the lengths of the connecting support rods 102 in each floating body unit 100 are the same, which facilitates the uniformity of the lengths of the connecting support rods 102 and facilitates processing and manufacturing.

In some embodiments, the floating square matrix structure 1000 further includes an operation and maintenance floating body row 200 connecting the side walls of each floating body unit 100 , that is to say, the operation and maintenance floating body row 200 encloses each floating body unit 100 to form a closed surrounding structure.

The operation and maintenance floating body row 200 includes a plurality of operation and maintenance floating bodies 201 connected in series, so as to facilitate the operation and maintenance of maintenance personnel.

In some embodiments, in the operation and maintenance floating body row 200 for connecting with the adjacent floating square matrix structure 1000 , the operation and maintenance floating body 201 is arranged in series along the first direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 in order to increase the size of the operation and maintenance floating body The buoyancy of the row 200 is convenient to install electrical devices, etc.; in the remaining operation and maintenance floating body row 200, the operation and maintenance floating body 201 is arranged in series along the second direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201, and the operation and maintenance floating body row 200 is only used for operation and maintenance walking. , the required buoyancy does not need to be too large, and each operation and maintenance floating body 201 can be arranged in series along the second direction, so as to reduce the number of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 used and reduce the cost on the basis of satisfying the use requirements.

The operation and maintenance floating body 201 in the operation and maintenance floating body row 200 is not limited to the above-mentioned arrangement, and can also be arranged in other ways. The directions are arranged in series in sequence, as shown in FIG. 3 ; or, in all the operation and maintenance floating body rows 200 , the operation and maintenance floating bodies 201 are arranged in series along the first direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 , as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .

Specifically, the first direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 is the width direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 , and the second direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 is the length direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 . It should be noted that the first direction may also be a direction that is inclined at a certain angle to the width direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 or the length direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 , and the second direction may also be a direction that is inclined to the length direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 . The direction of a certain inclination angle or the width direction of the operation and maintenance floating body 201, etc.

In some embodiments, the present invention discloses that the operation and maintenance floating body 201 and the main floating body 101a have the same structure, as shown in Figs.

It should be noted that the operation and maintenance floating body 201 and the main floating body 101a can also be set to be different types of floating bodies, for example, the operation and maintenance floating body 201 is a combiner box floating body, and the main floating body 101a is a load-bearing floating body.

In order to prevent the operation and maintenance personnel and installers from falling during operation and maintenance, the present invention discloses that the top surface of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 is provided with anti-skid protrusions and/or anti-slip grooves and/or anti-skid pattern layers, etc., so as to improve the safety of the operation and maintenance floating body 201 friction on the top surface.

Further, the present invention discloses that the main floating body row 101 can also be used for walking operation and maintenance. Frictional force of the top surface of the floating body 101a.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a water surface photovoltaic system 10000, including a photovoltaic module 2000 and a floating square array structure 1000 as in any one of the above embodiments.

The photovoltaic modules 2000 are respectively installed in rows on the connecting support rods 102 of the floating square array structure 1000 .

Since the water surface photovoltaic system 10000 provided by the present invention includes the floating square matrix structure 1000 in any of the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of the floating square matrix structure 1000 are all included in the water surface photovoltaic system 10000 disclosed in the present invention .

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and inventive features disclosed herein.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one aspect of the present invention. in one embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims (11)

1. A floating square matrix structure, characterized in that it comprises at least 2 interconnected floating body units; The floating body unit includes a main floating body row and a connecting support rod. The number of the main floating body row is at least 2 rows, and they are respectively arranged at intervals along the first direction of the main floating body row. The number of the connecting support rods is At least one, each of the connecting support rods is arranged at intervals along the second direction of the main floating body row, and is respectively connected to each of the main floating body rows. 2 . The floating square matrix structure according to claim 1 , wherein each of the floating body units is connected in sequence along the first direction of the main floating body row, and the main floating body unit is shared between adjacent floating body units. 3 . Float row settings. 3 . The floating square matrix structure according to claim 1 , wherein, in all the floating body units, the connecting support rods in the adjacent floating body units are staggered; 3 . or In all the floating body units, the connecting support rods in the adjacent floating body units are arranged collinearly; or In all the floating body units, the connecting support rods in at least two adjacent floating body units are staggered, and the connecting support rods in at least two adjacent floating body units are collinear. 4 . The floating square array structure according to claim 3 , wherein, in the floating body unit, the number of rows of the main floating body row is two, and the two ends of the connecting support rod are respectively connected to the two rows of the floating body. 5 . The main floating body rows are connected, and along the second direction of the connecting support rod, at least one photovoltaic module is mounted on the connecting support rod. 5 . The floating square array structure according to claim 3 , wherein, in the floating body unit, the number of rows of the main floating body rows is at least 3, and the connecting support rods sequentially fix each of the main floating bodies in series. 6 . and along the second direction of the connecting support rods, at least one photovoltaic module is mounted on the rod body of the connecting support rods located between adjacent main floating body rows. 6 . The floating square matrix structure according to claim 1 , wherein the lengths of the connecting support rods in each of the floating body units are the same. 7 . 7 . The floating square array structure according to claim 1 , wherein the main floating body of the main floating body row is provided with holding ears, and the main floating body and the connecting support rod are connected by the holding ears. 8 . ; or A groove is provided on the main floating body of the main floating body row, and the connecting support rod is accommodated and installed in the groove. 8. The floating square matrix structure according to any one of claims 1-7, further comprising an operation and maintenance floating body row connecting the side walls of each of the floating body units; The operation and maintenance floating body row includes a plurality of operation and maintenance floating bodies connected in series. 9 . The floating square matrix structure according to claim 8 , characterized in that, it is used in the row of operation and maintenance floating bodies connected with the adjacent floating square matrix structures, and the operation and maintenance floating bodies are arranged along the operation and maintenance The first direction of the floating body is arranged in series in sequence; in the remaining row of the operation and maintenance floating body, the said operation and maintenance floating body is arranged in series along the second direction of the said operation and maintenance floating body; or In all the operation and maintenance floating body rows, the operation and maintenance floating bodies are sequentially arranged in series along the second direction of the operation and maintenance floating body; or In all the operation and maintenance floating body rows, the operation and maintenance floating bodies are sequentially arranged in series along the first direction of the operation and maintenance floating body. 10 . The floating square array structure according to claim 9 , wherein the operation and maintenance floating body and the main floating body are of the same type; 10 . and / or The top surface of the operation and maintenance floating body is provided with anti-skid protrusions and/or anti-skid grooves and/or anti-skid pattern layers. 11. A water surface photovoltaic system, characterized in that it comprises photovoltaic modules and the floating square array structure according to any one of claims 1-10; The photovoltaic modules are respectively installed in rows on the connecting support rods of the floating square array structure.

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