CN115107517A - Electric vehicle low-voltage system control method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Electric vehicle low-voltage system control method, device, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN115107517A CN115107517A CN202210842829.0A CN202210842829A CN115107517A CN 115107517 A CN115107517 A CN 115107517A CN 202210842829 A CN202210842829 A CN 202210842829A CN 115107517 A CN115107517 A CN 115107517A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
In the method, when a voltage conversion device is in a working state, a target output power of the voltage conversion device is determined according to a conversion rate interval corresponding to an acquired low-voltage load rate, and the voltage conversion device is controlled to output the target output power. According to the scheme, the target output power of the voltage conversion device is determined through the conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate, so that the energy loss of the voltage conversion device can be reduced, and the energy loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electric vehicles, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a medium for controlling a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle.
Background
With the development of science and technology and the demand of people for environmental protection, electric vehicles have emerged. For a low-voltage system in an electric vehicle, it is generally composed of a high-voltage power supply, a voltage conversion device, a low-voltage load, and a low-voltage energy storage device.
In the prior art, a high-voltage power supply and a voltage conversion device in a low-voltage system are generally used as energy output sources, and high-voltage electricity output by the high-voltage power supply is converted into low-voltage electricity by the voltage conversion device and is output to a low-voltage load and a low-voltage energy storage device. The low-voltage load works by means of the electric energy output by the voltage conversion device, and the low-voltage energy storage device also stores energy by means of the electric energy output by the voltage conversion device. When the low-voltage load and the low-voltage energy storage device require less or more power, the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device is lower.
In summary, in the existing low-voltage system control method, the voltage conversion device is used to supply power to the load, and when the required power of the low-voltage load and the low-voltage energy storage device is small or large, the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device is low, which further results in large energy loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device, equipment and a medium for controlling a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle, which are used for solving the problems that the existing low-voltage system control method uses a voltage conversion device to supply power to a load, and when the required power of a low-voltage load and a low-voltage energy storage device is less or more, the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device is lower, and further the energy loss is larger.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle, including:
if the voltage conversion device of the electric vehicle is in a working state, acquiring a low-voltage load rate, wherein the low-voltage load rate is the ratio of the sum of the required power of the low-voltage energy storage device and the low-voltage load to the rated power of the voltage conversion device;
determining a target output power of the voltage conversion device according to a conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate, wherein the conversion rate is the conversion rate of the input power and the output power of the voltage conversion device;
and controlling the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power.
In a specific embodiment, the determining the target output power of the voltage conversion device according to the conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate includes:
if the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset low conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is less than or equal to a preset first power threshold;
if the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low-conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high-conversion rate interval or is greater than a preset second power threshold, wherein the preset second power threshold is greater than the preset first power threshold, the preset high-conversion rate interval is greater than a preset first threshold and is smaller than a preset second threshold, the preset low-conversion rate interval is greater than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to the preset first threshold or is greater than or equal to the preset second threshold and is smaller than or equal to 100%, and the preset second threshold is greater than the preset first threshold.
In a specific embodiment, if the low voltage load factor does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval, the determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval or is greater than a preset second power threshold includes:
and if the low-voltage load rate does not belong to a preset low conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval.
In a specific embodiment, if the low voltage load factor does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval, the determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval or is greater than a preset second power threshold includes:
if the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval;
and if the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval and does not belong to the preset high conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is greater than or equal to the preset second power threshold.
In a specific embodiment, after the determined ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is less than or equal to a preset first power threshold value if the low-voltage load ratio belongs to a preset low-conversion-ratio interval, the method further includes:
and if the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, controlling the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device to belong to the preset high conversion rate interval.
In one embodiment, before the obtaining the low-voltage load factor if the voltage conversion device of the electric vehicle is in the operating state, the method further includes:
if the voltage conversion device is in a closed state and the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, the voltage conversion device is started, and the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is controlled to belong to the preset high conversion rate interval;
and when the low-voltage energy storage device is charged, the voltage conversion device is turned off.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle low-voltage system control device, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a low-voltage load rate if a voltage conversion device of the electric vehicle is in a working state, wherein the low-voltage load rate is the ratio of the sum of the required power of the low-voltage energy storage device and the low-voltage load to the rated power of the voltage conversion device;
the processing module is used for determining target output power of the voltage conversion device according to a conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate, wherein the conversion rate is the conversion rate of input power and output power of the voltage conversion device;
and the control module is used for controlling the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including:
a processor, a memory, a communication interface;
the memory is used for storing executable instructions of the processor;
wherein the processor is configured to perform the electric vehicle low voltage system control method of any of the first aspect via execution of the executable instructions.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the electric vehicle low voltage system control method according to any one of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program is used to implement the electric vehicle low voltage system control method in any one of the first aspect.
According to the method, the device, the equipment and the medium for controlling the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle, when the voltage conversion device is in the working state, the target output power of the voltage conversion device is determined according to the conversion rate interval corresponding to the acquired low-voltage load rate, and then the voltage conversion device is controlled to output the target output power. According to the scheme, the target output power of the voltage conversion device is determined through the conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate, so that the energy loss of the voltage conversion device can be reduced, and the energy loss is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle provided by the present application;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a low voltage load factor and a conversion rate according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for controlling a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle according to the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a second embodiment of a control method for a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle according to the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a third embodiment of a control method for a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle according to the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a fourth embodiment of a control method for a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle according to the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a control device of a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle according to the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be made by one skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present application in light of the present disclosure are within the scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described drawings (if any) are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
With the development of technology, electric vehicles have come along in which a low-voltage system is an indispensable part. For low voltage systems, the system generally comprises a high voltage power supply, a voltage conversion device, a low voltage load and a low voltage energy storage device.
In the prior art, a high-voltage power supply and a voltage conversion device in a low-voltage system are generally used as energy output sources, and high-voltage electricity output by the high-voltage power supply is converted into low-voltage electricity by the voltage conversion device and is output to a low-voltage load and a low-voltage energy storage device. The low-voltage load works by means of the electric energy output by the voltage conversion device, and the low-voltage energy storage device also stores energy by means of the electric energy output by the voltage conversion device. When the low-voltage load and the low-voltage energy storage device require less or more power, the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device is low, and the energy loss is large.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the inventor of the present invention has found, in a process of studying a low voltage system control method for an electric vehicle, that when the power required by a low voltage load and a low voltage energy storage device is small or large, that is, the conversion rate of a voltage conversion device is low, the output power of the voltage conversion device can be reduced, and for the power required by the low voltage load, most of the power is provided by the low voltage energy storage device, and a small part of the power is provided by the voltage conversion device, so that the energy loss can be reduced. When the low-voltage conversion device works, if the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset low-conversion rate interval, determining the target output power, enabling the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device to be smaller than a preset first power threshold value, and further controlling the low-voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power. The low-voltage load rate is the ratio of the sum of the required power of the low-voltage energy storage device and the low-voltage load to the rated power of the voltage conversion device. Based on the inventive concept, the control scheme of the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle is designed.
The main execution body of the low-voltage system Control method for the electric Vehicle in the present application may be an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) in the Vehicle, or a device that can Control the voltage conversion device, such as a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) in the Vehicle, a processor, etc., and the present application does not limit the main execution body, and the ECU is taken as an example for description below.
For example, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle provided by the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, a voltage conversion device 12 is connected to a high-voltage power supply 11, a low-voltage load 13, and a low-voltage energy storage device 14, respectively, and is configured to convert high-voltage power output by the high-voltage power supply 11 into low-voltage power and output the low-voltage power to the low-voltage load 13 and the low-voltage energy storage device 14. The low-voltage energy storage device 14 is connected with the low-voltage load 13 and can supply power to the low-voltage load 13. The ECU 15 is in communication connection with the voltage conversion device 12, the low-voltage load 13 and the low-voltage energy storage device 14, and is used for acquiring the required power of the low-voltage load 13 and the low-voltage energy storage device 14 and controlling the output power of the voltage conversion device 12.
When the low-voltage system needs to be controlled, the ECU 15 first determines whether the voltage conversion device 12 is in a working state, and if the voltage conversion device 12 is in the working state, in order to avoid low conversion rate conversion of the voltage conversion device 12, the corresponding required power may be acquired through the low-voltage load 13 and the low-voltage energy storage device 14, and then the low-voltage load rate is calculated. The conversion rate is the conversion rate of the input power and the output power of the voltage conversion device, and the low-voltage load rate is the ratio of the sum of the required powers of the low-voltage energy storage device and the low-voltage load to the rated power of the voltage conversion device.
For example, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a corresponding relationship between a low-voltage load rate and a conversion rate provided by the present application, as shown in fig. 2, if the output power of the voltage conversion device 12 is not controlled, and the required power of the low-voltage load 13 and the low-voltage energy storage device 14 is the output power of the voltage conversion device 12, a preset first threshold and a preset second threshold may be used to divide [ 0%, 100% ] into three intervals, where the preset high conversion rate interval is an interval greater than the preset first threshold and less than the preset second threshold, the preset low conversion rate interval is an interval greater than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to the preset first threshold or an interval greater than or equal to the preset second threshold and less than or equal to 100%, and the preset second threshold is greater than the preset first threshold.
When the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval, the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device is higher; when the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset low conversion rate interval, the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device is lower.
The above example merely illustrates the correspondence relationship between the low-voltage load factor and the conversion factor, and the correspondence relationship is not limited. The preset first threshold may be 10%, 15%, or 30%. The preset second threshold may be 70%, 75%, or 80%. The preset low conversion interval may be [ 0%, 10% ], [ 70%, 100% ], [ 0%, 15% ], [ 75%, 100% ], or [ 0%, 30% ], [ 80%, 100% ]. The preset high conversion rate interval may be (10%, 70%), (15%, 75%), or (30%, 80%). The method and the device do not limit the preset first threshold, the preset second threshold, the preset low conversion rate interval and the preset high conversion rate interval, and can be set according to actual conditions.
And under the condition that the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset low conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is smaller than a preset first power threshold. And then the voltage conversion device 12 is controlled to operate according to the target output power, so that most of the required power of the low-voltage load 13 is supplied by the low-voltage energy storage device 14, and a small part of the required power is supplied by the voltage conversion device 12, thereby effectively reducing energy loss.
It should be noted that the preset first power threshold is set by a worker before the scheme is executed, and is used for determining the output power of the voltage conversion device. The preset first power threshold may be 0%, 3%, or 5%. The preset first power threshold value is not limited, and can be set according to actual conditions.
In addition, if the voltage conversion device 12 is not in the working state, the ECU 15 controls the voltage conversion device 12 to turn on to charge the low-voltage energy storage device 14 when determining that the low-voltage energy storage device 14 needs to be charged, and turns off the voltage conversion device 12 when the charging is finished, so that the low-voltage energy storage device 14 can be prevented from being damaged due to power shortage.
It should be noted that the voltage conversion device may be a Direct Current conversion (DC/DC) device, a transformer, an Alternating Current conversion (AC/AC) device, a Direct Current to Alternating Current (DC/AC) device, or an Alternating Current to Direct Current (AC/DC) device. The low-voltage energy storage device can be an energy storage device such as a storage battery, a capacitor, an inductor and the like.
It should be noted that fig. 1 is only a schematic diagram of a low-pressure system provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the actual forms of the various devices included in fig. 1, nor limits the interaction modes between the devices in fig. 1, and in a specific application of the scheme, the scheme may be set according to actual requirements.
Hereinafter, the technical means of the present application will be described in detail by specific examples. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for controlling a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle according to the present application, which illustrates a case that a target output power of a voltage conversion device is determined according to a conversion rate interval corresponding to a low-voltage load rate when the voltage conversion device is in a working state, and the voltage conversion device is controlled to operate according to the target output power. The method in this embodiment may be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. As shown in fig. 3, the method for controlling the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle specifically includes the following steps:
s301: and if the voltage conversion device is in a working state, acquiring the low-voltage load rate.
When the low-voltage system needs to be controlled, the ECU judges whether the voltage conversion device is in a working state, if the voltage conversion device is in the working state, the output power of the voltage conversion device needs to be controlled to reduce energy loss, and therefore the low-voltage load rate needs to be acquired. The low-voltage load rate is the ratio of the sum of the required power of the low-voltage energy storage device and the low-voltage load to the rated power of the voltage conversion device. The ECU can calculate the low-voltage load factor by acquiring the required power of the low-voltage energy storage device and the low-voltage load, and the rated power of the voltage conversion device.
S302: and determining the target output power of the voltage conversion device according to the conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate.
In this step, after the ECU acquires the low-voltage load factor, in order to determine the output power of the voltage conversion device, it is necessary to determine the target output power of the voltage conversion device according to the conversion rate section corresponding to the low-voltage load factor.
Since the low-voltage load factor corresponds to the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device, [ 0%, 100% ] can be divided into three intervals according to a preset first threshold and a preset second threshold, which are a low conversion rate interval, a high conversion rate interval, and a low conversion rate interval in sequence, and the conversion rate is the conversion rate of the input power and the output power of the voltage conversion device. If the output power of the voltage conversion device is not controlled, when the low-voltage load rate is in a low conversion rate interval, the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device is low, and the energy loss is high; when the low-voltage load rate is in the high conversion rate range, the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device is high, and the energy loss is low.
Therefore, if the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset low-conversion rate interval, it is indicated that if only the voltage conversion device supplies power to the low-voltage load at this time, the energy loss is large, so that the output power of the voltage conversion device needs to be reduced, the target output power is small, and further, the power required by the load is mainly provided by the low-voltage energy storage device.
If the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low-conversion rate interval, it is indicated that the low-voltage load rate belongs to the high-conversion rate interval or is greater than 100%, at this time, the ratio of the target output power of the voltage conversion device to the rated power of the voltage conversion device should be made to belong to the preset high-conversion rate interval, or the target output power is made to be larger, so that power is supplied to the low-voltage load.
S303: and controlling the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power.
In this step, after the ECU determines the target output power, the voltage conversion device is controlled to operate at the target output power, that is, the output power of the voltage conversion device is controlled to the target output power.
It should be noted that, the manner of controlling the output power of the voltage conversion device to change may be to control the output voltage of the voltage conversion device to be unchanged and control the output current to be changed; the output current of the voltage conversion device can be controlled to be unchanged, and the output voltage can be controlled to be changed; it is also possible to control the output voltage and the output current of the voltage conversion means to change simultaneously.
It should be noted that, after the execution of the scheme is finished, the execution may be performed again at a preset time interval, or may be performed again immediately. The preset time period may be 3 seconds, 30 seconds, or 3 minutes. The embodiment of the application does not limit the preset duration and can be set according to actual conditions.
In the method for controlling the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle, when the voltage conversion device is in the operating state, the target output power of the voltage conversion device is determined according to the conversion rate interval corresponding to the acquired low-voltage load rate, and the voltage conversion device is further controlled to operate according to the target output power. Compared with the prior art that the output power of the voltage conversion device is not controlled, the scheme determines the corresponding target output power according to the conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate, and effectively reduces energy loss.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of the control method for the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle according to the present application, and on the basis of the above embodiment, the present application describes a case where the target output power of the voltage conversion device is determined according to the conversion rate section corresponding to the low-voltage load rate, and the voltage conversion device is controlled to operate according to the target output power. As shown in fig. 4, the method for controlling the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle specifically includes the following steps:
s401: and acquiring the low-voltage load rate.
In this step, when the ECU determines that the voltage conversion device is in the operating state, the low-voltage duty needs to be acquired in order to determine the target output power of the low-voltage conversion device.
S402: judging whether the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset low conversion rate interval or not; if the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset low conversion rate interval, executing S403; if the low voltage loading rate does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval, S405 is executed.
S403: and the ratio of the determined target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is less than or equal to a preset first power threshold value.
S404: judging whether the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged or not; if the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, executing S405; if the low-voltage energy storage device does not need to be charged, S406 is executed.
S405: the ratio of the determined target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval.
S406: and controlling the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power.
In the above steps, after the ECU obtains the low-voltage load rate, it is determined whether the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset low conversion rate interval.
If the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset low-conversion rate interval, it is indicated that energy loss is large if only the voltage conversion device supplies power to the low-voltage load at this time, so that the output power of the voltage conversion device needs to be reduced, and the target output power is determined, so that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is smaller than or equal to the preset small-power threshold.
If the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval, the low-voltage load rate belongs to the high conversion rate interval or is greater than 100%, and at the moment, the target output power is determined, so that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval. The low-voltage load can be supplied with power by the voltage conversion device and the low-voltage energy storage device, the conversion rate of the voltage conversion device is high, and energy loss is reduced.
After the target output power is determined so that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is smaller than or equal to the preset first power threshold, in order to ensure that the electric quantity of the low-voltage energy storage device is sufficient, it is also necessary to judge whether the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged.
It should be noted that the manner of determining whether the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged may be determining whether the voltage of the low-voltage energy storage device is smaller than a preset protection voltage, determining whether the discharge time of the low-voltage energy storage device is longer than a preset protection time, or determining whether a State of Charge (SOC) of the low-voltage energy storage device is smaller than a preset protection SOC threshold. The preset protection voltage may be 10V, 15V, or 20V. The preset protection time period can be 10 days, 20 days or 30 days. The preset protection SOC threshold may be 5%, 10%, or 15%. The embodiment of the application does not determine the charging mode of the low-voltage energy storage device, and limits the preset protection voltage, the preset protection time and the preset protection SOC threshold value, and can be set according to actual conditions.
And if the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, determining the target output power, so that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval. The battery can be charged quickly. And then controlling the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power.
And if the low-voltage energy storage device does not need to be charged, controlling the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power, wherein the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is less than or equal to a preset first power threshold.
According to the control method of the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle, when the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset low conversion rate interval and the low-voltage energy storage device does not need to be charged, the output power of the voltage conversion device is controlled to be reduced, so that the low-voltage load is mainly supplied with power by the low-voltage energy storage device, and the energy loss is effectively reduced. When the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the low conversion rate interval or the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset low-efficiency interval and the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, the high conversion rate output of the voltage conversion device is controlled, the normal operation of the low-voltage load is ensured, and the condition that the low-voltage energy storage device cannot be lack of power is also ensured.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a third embodiment of the control method for the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle according to the present application, and on the basis of the above embodiment, the present application illustrates a case where the target output power is determined according to whether the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset high-conversion-rate interval or not when the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low-conversion-rate interval. As shown in fig. 5, the method for controlling the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle specifically includes the following steps:
s501: and determining that the low-voltage load rate does not belong to a preset low conversion rate interval.
In this step, the ECU obtains the low-voltage load rate, and determines whether the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset low-conversion-rate interval, and if it is determined that the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low-conversion-rate interval, it indicates that the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset high-conversion-rate interval, or is greater than 100%, and further subsequent determination is required.
S502: judging whether the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval or not; if the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval, executing S503; if the low voltage loading rate does not belong to the predetermined high conversion rate interval, S504 is executed.
S503: the ratio of the determined target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval.
S504: and the ratio of the determined target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is greater than or equal to a preset second power threshold.
In the above steps, after determining that the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval, the ECU determines whether the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval.
If the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval, the high conversion rate output of the voltage conversion device can not only meet the requirement of the low-voltage load, but also reduce energy loss, so that the target output power is determined, and the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval.
And if the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset high conversion rate interval, the low-voltage load rate exceeds 100%, the required power of the low-voltage load is very high, and the target output power is determined, so that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is greater than or equal to a preset second power threshold. The high-power output of the voltage conversion device is controlled, and meanwhile, the low-voltage energy storage device also supplies power to the low-voltage load, so that the requirement of the low-voltage load is met. The preset second power threshold is greater than the preset first power threshold.
It should be noted that the preset second power threshold is set by a worker before the scheme is executed, and is used for determining the output power of the voltage conversion device. The preset second power threshold may be 90%, 95%, or 100%. The preset second power threshold value is not limited, and can be set according to actual conditions.
According to the control method of the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle, when the low-voltage load rate belongs to the high conversion rate interval, the target output power is determined, so that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval, normal operation of the load is effectively guaranteed, and energy loss is reduced. When the low-voltage load rate exceeds 100%, the determined target output power enables the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device to be larger than or equal to a preset high-power threshold value, and normal operation of the low-voltage load is guaranteed.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a fourth embodiment of the control method for the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle according to the present application, and on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the present application describes a situation that when the voltage conversion device is not in a working state, the voltage conversion device is turned on when the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, so as to ensure that the low-voltage energy storage device is not power-deficient. As shown in fig. 6, the method for controlling the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle specifically includes the following steps:
s601: it is determined that the voltage conversion device is in the off state.
In this step, when the low-voltage system needs to be controlled, the ECU may determine whether the voltage conversion device is in a working state, and if the voltage conversion device is in a closed state, it indicates that the low-voltage energy storage device is not powered by the low-voltage load, and it is necessary to prevent the low-voltage energy storage device from being power-deficient.
S602: and judging whether the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged or not. If the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, performing S603; if the low-voltage energy storage device does not need to be charged, S605 is executed.
S603: and starting the voltage conversion device, and controlling the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device to belong to a preset high conversion rate interval.
S604: and when the charging of the low-voltage energy storage device is finished, the voltage conversion device is turned off.
S605: and finishing the execution of the scheme.
In the above steps, after the ECU determines that the voltage conversion device is in the off state, it determines whether the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged. If the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, the voltage conversion device needs to be started, and the target output power is determined, so that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval. And then controlling the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power. And when the low-voltage energy storage device is charged, the voltage conversion device is turned off.
It should be noted that, as for the manner of determining the end of charging, the state of charge SOC of the low-voltage energy storage device may be greater than a preset full-charge SOC threshold, or the voltage of the low-voltage energy storage device may be greater than a preset full-charge voltage. The preset full charge SOC threshold may be 90%, 95%, or 99%. The preset full-electricity voltage may be 11V, 15V, or 23V, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner of determining the end of charging, and the preset full-electricity SOC threshold and the preset full-electricity voltage, and may be set according to actual conditions.
If the low-voltage energy storage device does not need to be charged, the execution of the scheme is finished, and the low-voltage energy storage device continues to supply power for the low-voltage load.
According to the control method of the low-voltage system of the electric vehicle, under the condition that the voltage conversion device is in the closed state, if the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, the voltage conversion device is started to supply power to the low-voltage energy storage device, and the low-voltage energy storage device can be prevented from being lack of power. In addition, the voltage conversion device works at a high conversion rate, so that energy loss is effectively reduced.
The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the present application that may be used to perform embodiments of the method of the present application. For details which are not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, reference is made to the embodiments of the method of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a control device of a low-voltage system of an electric vehicle according to the present application.
As shown in fig. 7, the electric vehicle low-voltage system control device 70 includes:
the obtaining module 71 is configured to obtain a low-voltage load rate if a voltage conversion device of the electric vehicle is in a working state, where the low-voltage load rate is a ratio of a sum of required powers of a low-voltage energy storage device and a low-voltage load to a rated power of the voltage conversion device;
a processing module 72, configured to determine a target output power of the voltage conversion device according to a conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate, where the conversion rate is a conversion ratio of an input power and an output power of the voltage conversion device;
and a control module 73, configured to control the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power.
Further, the processing module 72 is specifically configured to:
if the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset low conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is less than or equal to a preset first power threshold;
if the low-voltage load factor does not belong to the preset low-conversion-rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high-conversion-rate interval or is greater than a preset second power threshold, wherein the preset second power threshold is greater than the preset first power threshold, the preset high-conversion-rate interval is greater than a preset first threshold and smaller than a preset second threshold, the preset low-conversion-rate interval is greater than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to the preset first threshold or is greater than or equal to the preset second threshold and less than or equal to 100%, and the preset second threshold is greater than the preset first threshold.
Further, the processing module 72 is specifically configured to:
and if the low-voltage load rate does not belong to a preset low conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval.
Further, the processing module 72 is specifically configured to:
if the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval;
and if the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval and does not belong to the preset high conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is greater than or equal to the preset second power threshold.
Further, the control module 72 is further configured to:
and if the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, controlling the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device to belong to the preset high conversion rate interval.
Further, the control module 72 is further configured to:
if the voltage conversion device is in a closed state and the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, the voltage conversion device is started, and the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is controlled to belong to the preset high conversion rate interval;
and when the low-voltage energy storage device is charged, the voltage conversion device is turned off.
The electric vehicle low-voltage system control device provided by the embodiment is used for executing the technical scheme in any one of the method embodiments, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and are not described again.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the electronic apparatus 80 includes:
a processor 81, a memory 82, and a communication interface 83;
the memory 82 is used for storing executable instructions of the processor 81;
wherein the processor 81 is configured to perform the technical solution in any of the method embodiments described above via executing the executable instructions.
Alternatively, the memory 82 may be separate or integrated with the processor 81.
Optionally, when the memory 82 is a device independent from the processor 81, the electronic device 80 may further include:
the bus 84, the memory 82 and the communication interface 83 are connected with the processor 81 through the bus 84 and communicate with each other, and the communication interface 83 is used for communicating with other devices.
Alternatively, the communication interface 83 may be implemented by a transceiver. The communication interface is used for realizing communication between the database access device and other equipment (such as a client, a read-write library and a read-only library). The memory may comprise Random Access Memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
The bus 84 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this is not intended to represent only one bus or type of bus.
The processor may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit CPU, a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also a digital signal processor DSP, an application specific integrated circuit ASIC, a field programmable gate array FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components.
The electronic device is configured to execute the technical solution in any one of the foregoing method embodiments, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the technical solutions provided by any of the foregoing method embodiments.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and the computer program is used for implementing the technical solution provided by any of the foregoing method embodiments when being executed by a processor.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An electric vehicle low-voltage system control method, characterized by comprising:
if the voltage conversion device of the electric vehicle is in a working state, acquiring a low-voltage load rate, wherein the low-voltage load rate is a ratio of the sum of the required power of the low-voltage energy storage device and the low-voltage load to the rated power of the voltage conversion device;
determining target output power of the voltage conversion device according to a conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate, wherein the conversion rate is the conversion rate of the input power and the output power of the voltage conversion device;
and controlling the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the target output power of the voltage conversion device according to the conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate comprises:
if the low-voltage load rate belongs to a preset low conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is less than or equal to a preset first power threshold;
if the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low-conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high-conversion rate interval or is greater than a preset second power threshold, wherein the preset second power threshold is greater than the preset first power threshold, the preset high-conversion rate interval is greater than a preset first threshold and is smaller than a preset second threshold, the preset low-conversion rate interval is greater than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to the preset first threshold or is greater than or equal to the preset second threshold and is smaller than or equal to 100%, and the preset second threshold is greater than the preset first threshold.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval or is greater than a preset second power threshold if the low voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval comprises:
and if the low-voltage load rate does not belong to a preset low conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to a preset high conversion rate interval or is greater than a preset second power threshold if the low voltage load factor does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval comprises:
if the low-voltage load rate belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device belongs to the preset high conversion rate interval;
and if the low-voltage load rate does not belong to the preset low conversion rate interval and does not belong to the preset high conversion rate interval, determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is greater than or equal to the preset second power threshold.
5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein after determining that the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is less than or equal to a preset first power threshold value if the low voltage load factor belongs to a preset low conversion rate interval, the method further comprises:
and if the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, controlling the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device to belong to the preset high conversion rate interval.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein before the obtaining the low-voltage load factor if the voltage conversion device of the electric vehicle is in the working state, the method further comprises:
if the voltage conversion device is in a closed state and the low-voltage energy storage device needs to be charged, the voltage conversion device is started, and the ratio of the target output power to the rated power of the voltage conversion device is controlled to belong to the preset high conversion rate interval;
and when the low-voltage energy storage device is charged, the voltage conversion device is turned off.
7. An electric vehicle low-voltage system control device, characterized by comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a low-voltage load rate if a voltage conversion device of the electric vehicle is in a working state, wherein the low-voltage load rate is the ratio of the sum of the required power of the low-voltage energy storage device and the low-voltage load to the rated power of the voltage conversion device;
the processing module is used for determining target output power of the voltage conversion device according to a conversion rate interval corresponding to the low-voltage load rate, wherein the conversion rate is the conversion rate of input power and output power of the voltage conversion device;
and the control module is used for controlling the voltage conversion device to operate according to the target output power.
8. An electronic device, comprising:
a processor, a memory, a communication interface;
the memory is used for storing executable instructions of the processor;
wherein the processor is configured to perform the electric vehicle low voltage system control method of any one of claims 1 to 6 via execution of the executable instructions.
9. A readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the electric vehicle low voltage system control method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer program product, characterized in that it comprises a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the electric vehicle low voltage system control method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN202210842829.0A CN115107517A (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Electric vehicle low-voltage system control method, device, equipment and medium |
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| CN202210842829.0A CN115107517A (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Electric vehicle low-voltage system control method, device, equipment and medium |
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