CN115106825B - Automatic production line for numerical control machine tool machining and machining method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic production line for numerical control machine tool machining and machining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115106825B CN115106825B CN202210643678.6A CN202210643678A CN115106825B CN 115106825 B CN115106825 B CN 115106825B CN 202210643678 A CN202210643678 A CN 202210643678A CN 115106825 B CN115106825 B CN 115106825B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
- B23Q7/04—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q41/00—Combinations or associations of metal-working machines not directed to a particular result according to classes B21, B23, or B24
- B23Q41/02—Features relating to transfer of work between machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q41/00—Combinations or associations of metal-working machines not directed to a particular result according to classes B21, B23, or B24
- B23Q41/06—Features relating to organisation of working of machines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic production line for machining of a numerical control machine tool, which is characterized by comprising the numerical control machine tool, a loading and unloading device, a feeding device and a discharging device, wherein the loading and unloading device comprises a mechanical arm, a clamp used for clamping a part to be machined and placing the part to be machined into the numerical control machine tool or removing the part to be machined from the numerical control machine tool is arranged on the mechanical arm, a quick-change assembly is arranged between the clamp and the mechanical arm and comprises a quick-change upper die and a quick-change lower die, the quick-change upper die is connected with the quick-change lower die, the quick-change upper die is fixed with the mechanical arm, the quick-change lower die is fixed with the clamp through a connecting flange, the feeding device is used for conveying the part to be machined to a grabbing position of the mechanical arm, and the feeding device is arranged to realize mechanical automatic feeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining production machinery, and particularly relates to a numerical control machine tool machining automation production line and a machining method thereof.
Background
The computerized numerically controlled machine tool is one kind of automatic machine tool with program control system. The control system can logically process a program defined by a control code or other symbolic instruction, and decode the program to operate the machine tool and machine the part. At present, the numerical control machine tool is processed by adopting the modes of manual feeding, manual clamping and manual discharging, each numerical control machine tool is required to be configured with a worker for operation, larger human resources are required, in the manual assembly operation process, the single operation is high in labor intensity, fatigue is easy to generate, the problems of unstable clamping, inaccurate positioning and the like are caused, reworking and scrapping of a workpiece are easy to be caused, during manual feeding and discharging, the accident of chip and scratch is often caused, and cutting fluid has certain corrosiveness, so that the body health of the worker is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art, and provides a numerical control machine tool machining automation production line and a machining method thereof, wherein the numerical control machine tool machining automation production line is used for reducing manual intervention.
The invention can be realized by the following technical scheme that the numerical control machine tool processing automatic production line comprises:
A numerical control machine tool;
The feeding and discharging device comprises a mechanical arm, a clamp used for clamping a part to be processed and placing the part to be processed into a numerical control machine tool or removing a processed qualified part from the numerical control machine tool is arranged on the mechanical arm, a quick-change assembly is arranged between the clamp and the mechanical arm, the quick-change assembly comprises a quick-change upper die and a quick-change lower die, the quick-change upper die is connected with the quick-change lower die, the quick-change upper die is fixed with the mechanical arm, and the quick-change lower die is fixed with the clamp through a connecting flange;
the feeding device is used for conveying the part to be processed to the grabbing position of the mechanical arm.
In the above-mentioned digit control machine tool processing automation line, material feeding unit includes:
The feeding machine comprises a feeding machine frame, wherein a fixed guard plate and a side guard plate are arranged on the feeding machine frame, the length direction of the fixed guard plate is parallel to the length direction of the side guard plate, and a gap for conveying shaft parts is formed between the fixed guard plate and the side guard plate;
the positioning machine frame is connected with the feeding machine frame, the upper surfaces of the positioning machine frame and the feeding machine frame are inclined planes, two guide plates are oppositely arranged on the positioning machine frame, a gap for conveying shaft parts is formed between the two guide plates, a first positioning block for positioning the shaft parts is arranged on the positioning machine frame, a first positioning groove is formed in the first positioning block, a positioning stop block and a positioning pushing block are oppositely arranged on the positioning machine frame, the positioning stop block, the positioning pushing block and the first positioning groove are positioned on the same horizontal line, a first pushing piece is arranged on the positioning pushing block, and the first pushing piece pushes the shaft parts to move towards the positioning stop block;
the material jacking plate is arranged between the feeding rack and the positioning rack, and a driving piece for driving the material jacking plate to work is arranged on the material jacking plate.
In the above-mentioned digit control machine tool processing automation line, material feeding unit includes:
The bottom of the workbench is provided with rollers;
The limiting bars are arranged on the workbench relatively and are in rotary connection with the workbench;
the supporting block is used for supporting the placement of the part to be processed and is arranged on the limiting strip;
the limiting plate is arranged on the supporting block, a limiting hole for placing a part to be processed is formed in the limiting plate, and a supporting column is arranged between the limiting plate and the supporting block, so that a gap is formed between the limiting plate and the supporting block;
The positioning unit comprises four stand columns surrounding the bottom of the workbench, guide plates are arranged on the two stand columns close to one side of the mechanical arm, the guide plates are respectively arranged on one side, away from the workbench, of the stand columns, buffer columns are arranged on one side, away from the mechanical arm, of the workbench, clamping plates facing the workbench are arranged on the other two stand columns, the clamping plates are propped against the workbench, protruding blocks are arranged on the lower surfaces of the clamping plates, sliding grooves are formed in the upper surfaces of the stand columns, the protruding blocks can slide in the sliding grooves, and the bolts are fixedly inserted into the stand columns after penetrating through the clamping plates.
In the automatic production line for numerical control machine tool processing, the fixture comprises a first connecting block arranged on the connecting flange, two bases are oppositely arranged on the first connecting block, clamping blocks are respectively arranged on the bases, clamping grooves for grabbing shaft parts are formed in the clamping blocks, the bases are in sliding fit with the first connecting block, the two clamping blocks can be oppositely clamped and loosened, a connecting plate is arranged on the first connecting block, the connecting plate faces one side of the connecting flange, a sliding block is fixed on the connecting flange, sliding rails are in sliding fit with the sliding block, fixing blocks are arranged on two sides of the connecting plate, two connecting seats are oppositely arranged on the connecting flange, mounting grooves are formed in the connecting seats, the fixing blocks are capable of sliding in the mounting grooves, elastic connecting pieces are arranged in the mounting grooves, one ends of the elastic connecting pieces are connected with the fixing blocks, and the other ends of the elastic connecting pieces are connected with the connecting seats.
In the automatic production line for numerical control machine tool machining, the clamp comprises a mounting seat and three clamping fingers, the mounting seat is fixed with the connecting flange, the clamping fingers and the mounting seat can slide relatively, so that the three clamping fingers can clamp and loosen relatively, a spring top plate is arranged on the mounting seat, a plurality of spring top pins are arranged on one surface of the spring top plate, facing the mounting seat, at intervals, and elastic pieces are arranged between the spring top pins and the mounting seat.
In the above-mentioned digit control machine tool processing automation line, still include spot check pay-off frock, conveying spot check pay-off frock includes:
A feeding rack;
the positioning assembly is arranged on the feeding rack and is used for positioning the machined parts;
The driving assembly comprises a rodless cylinder, the rodless cylinder is arranged on the feeding rack, the length direction of the rodless cylinder is parallel to the length direction of the feeding rack, a sliding block is arranged on the rodless cylinder, the sliding block is in sliding fit with the rodless cylinder, and the sliding block is connected with the positioning assembly to drive the positioning assembly to work;
the button box is arranged on the feeding rack, and a control button in the button box is electrically connected with the rodless cylinder.
In the automatic production line of numerical control machine tool processing, the locating component is in including setting up the first backup pad on the slider, be provided with first locating element in the first backup pad, first locating element is including setting up the adjustment dish in first backup pad and being used for the three locating shaft of location processing part, the central point that surrounds the adjustment dish puts the interval and is provided with the adjustment groove that three bar form is the same on the adjustment dish, just be provided with the roating seat between the adjustment dish with be provided with the roating seat between the first backup pad, the central point that surrounds the roating seat on the roating seat is provided with three first spacing groove, three the locating shaft vertically upwards passes first spacing groove, adjusting groove, and every the bottom interval of locating shaft is provided with two first stoppers, between roating seat with between the first backup pad all be provided with the clearance between the adjustment dish with the roating seat, two first stoppers set up respectively in the clearance, set screw passes the center of adjustment dish and rotates phase spiro union with the adjustment dish is locked.
In the automatic production line for numerical control machine tool machining, the positioning assembly comprises a second supporting plate arranged on the sliding block, a second positioning unit is arranged on the second supporting plate and comprises a fixing plate arranged on the second supporting plate, at least two second positioning blocks are arranged on the fixing plate, each second positioning block is provided with a second positioning groove, two second limiting blocks are oppositely arranged in the length direction of the fixing plate, limiting grooves are formed in the second supporting plate, and second connecting blocks are arranged at the bottoms of the second positioning blocks and can be in sliding fit with the limiting grooves.
In the above-mentioned automatic production line of digit control machine tool processing, still include:
The fixture quick-change tool comprises a quick-change bracket, two support plates are oppositely arranged on the quick-change bracket, support grooves for supporting a quick-change lower die are formed in the two support plates, a quick-change support plate is arranged between the quick-change upper die and the connecting flange, two positioning holes are oppositely formed in the quick-change support plate, positioning columns are oppositely arranged in the support plates, and when the quick-change lower die is placed on the support plates, the support plates support the quick-change support plates after penetrating through the positioning holes;
The part reversing tool comprises a reversing support, a fixing seat is arranged on the reversing support, a cavity for placing a part to be machined is formed by enclosing the fixing seat and the part reversing support, an upper pressing plate and a lower supporting plate for clamping the part to be machined are arranged in the cavity, a second pushing piece is arranged on the fixing seat, and the second pushing piece pushes the upper pressing plate to move towards the direction of the lower supporting plate until the upper pressing plate and the lower supporting plate clamp the part to be machined.
A machining method of a numerical control machine tool machining automation production line, the machining method comprising the following steps:
S1, manually placing a part to be processed on a feeding device, and conveying the part to be processed by the feeding device to a grabbing position of a mechanical arm;
s2, after the part to be processed is conveyed to a designated position, the mechanical arm starts to work, and a clamp on the mechanical arm grabs one part to be processed;
s3, the mechanical arm grabs the part to be processed onto a chuck of the numerical control lathe, and the chuck clamps the part to be processed;
s4, starting the numerical control machine tool to work, and machining the part to be machined;
s5, stopping working of the numerical control machine tool, finishing machining, grabbing a machined part on a chuck by the mechanical arm, loosening the chuck, moving the mechanical arm to a part reversing tool with the machined part, and replacing the direction of the machined part clamped by the mechanical arm by using the part reversing tool;
S6, repeating the steps S3-S4;
S7, controlling one clamp to grasp one part to be processed in the step S1 by a manipulator to wait;
S8, after the machined parts of the previous batch are machined in the numerical control machine tool, the manipulator controls the other clamp to grasp the machined parts on the chuck of the numerical control machine tool, the machined parts are removed from the chuck, and then the manipulator places the parts to be machined grasped by one clamp in the step S7 on the chuck of the numerical control machine tool;
S9, the mechanical arm controls the other clamp to place the finished machined part on the material rack;
s10, repeating the steps S1-S9 in a circulating way.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The automatic production line for machining the numerical control machine tool is provided with the feeding device to realize mechanical automatic feeding, and the mechanical arm to replace manual feeding and discharging operation, so that the whole machining production process does not need excessive manual intervention, human resource consumption is reduced, one operator can operate a plurality of numerical control machines, compared with the traditional manual assembly, the mechanical arm is utilized to carry out the assembly operation, single assembly operation can be repeated, fatigue cannot be generated, the problems of unstable clamping, inaccurate positioning and the like are avoided, during manual feeding and discharging, the accident of chip scratching is often caused, cutting fluid has certain corrosiveness to influence the body health of the operator, and the mechanical arm is utilized to carry out feeding and discharging operation, so that the influence on personal safety is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a feeding device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at A in FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a loading and unloading device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partially enlarged structure at B in FIG. 4;
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a transmission sampling tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a feeding device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a clamp according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a transmission sampling tool according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a transmission sampling tool according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a fixture quick-change tool according to the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a part reversing tool in the invention.
In the figure, a numerical control machine tool 1; a feeding device 2; a loading frame 2100; fixing a guard plate 2101, a side guard 2102, a positioning frame 2200, a guide plate 2201, a first positioning block 2202, a first positioning groove 2203, a top plate 2300, an adjusting plate 2303, a guide rod 2401, a photoelectric sensor 2501, a stop plate 2500, a positioning block 2601, a positioning push block 2600, a first pushing piece 2602, a part to be processed 2700, a workbench 2801, a limiting bar 2802, a supporting block 2803, a limiting plate 2804, a limiting hole 2805, a support post 2806, a stand 2900, a guide plate 2901, a buffer column 2902, a clamping plate 2903, a chute 2904, an upper and lower feeding device 3, a mechanical arm 3200, a clamp 3300, an upper die 3401, a quick-change lower die 3402, a connecting flange 3403, a first connecting block 3501, a base 3502, a clamping block 3503, a clamping groove 3504, a connecting plate 3507, a sliding block 3508, a sliding block 3509, a fixing block 3510, a connecting seat 3511, a mounting seat 3512, a mounting seat 3600, a clamping spring block 3601, a clamping block plug 3604, a top plate plug guide pin 3606, a limiting plate 6105, a guide plate 6106, a guide plate 2900, a guide plate 2901, a buffer column joint support plate 2902, a clamping plate 2904, a connecting plate 4502, a connecting flange joint support plate 6103, a connecting flange joint 400 3, a first connecting flange joint 400 3, a connecting block 3501, a base 3502, a connecting block 3502, a clamping plate 3503, a clamping block 3503 3, a clamping plate 3503 3, clamping groove 3503 connecting block plug, a connecting plate, connecting block plug base connecting plate, plug base 3503 plug base bent 2 using 2 plug 400 2 plug base plug 400 2 using 2 plug 400 2 using 2 plug using 2 connecting plug using 2, plug 2 connecting plug using 1 connecting plug 2 connecting plug frame using plug 2 connecting plug 2 mounting plate using plug frame using plug mounting plate using plug frame mounting plate using plug mounting plate plug mounting plug mounting plug.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
An embodiment 1 is as shown in fig. 1, a numerical control machine tool machining automation line, comprising:
A numerical control machine tool 1;
The feeding and discharging device 3 comprises a mechanical arm 3200, a clamp 3300 for clamping a part 2700 to be processed is arranged on the mechanical arm 3200 and is placed on the numerical control machine tool 1 or a processed qualified part is moved out of the numerical control machine tool 1, a quick-change assembly is arranged between the clamp 3300 and the mechanical arm 3200, the quick-change assembly comprises a quick-change upper die 3401 and a quick-change lower die 3402, the quick-change upper die 3401 is connected with the quick-change lower die 3402, the quick-change upper die 3401 is fixed with the mechanical arm 3200, and the quick-change lower die 3402 is fixed with the clamp 3300 through a connecting flange 3403;
And the feeding device 2 is used for conveying the part 2700 to be processed to the grabbing position of the mechanical arm 3200.
The automatic production line for numerical control machine tool processing is provided with a feeding device 2 to realize mechanical automatic feeding, and is provided with a mechanical arm 3200 to replace manual feeding and discharging operations, so that the whole processing and production process does not need excessive manual intervention, the consumption of manpower resources is reduced, one operator can operate a plurality of numerical control machines, compared with the traditional manual assembly, the mechanical arm 3200 is utilized to carry out the assembly operation, single assembly operation can be repeated, fatigue is avoided, the problems of unstable clamping, inaccurate positioning and the like are avoided, during manual feeding and discharging, the accident of chip cutting scratch often occurs, cutting fluid has certain corrosiveness to influence the physical health of the staff, and the worry about the influence on the personal safety is avoided when the mechanical arm 3200 is utilized to carry out the feeding and discharging operations.
Specifically, the processing production line in this embodiment is a long-axis type part processing production line, and in order to ensure the safety of operators, a protective fence is provided in a production workshop to separate a processing area from a non-processing area, so as to ensure the personal safety of operators.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the feeding device 2 includes:
The feeding machine comprises a feeding machine frame 2100, wherein a fixed guard plate 2101 and a side guard plate 2102 are arranged on the feeding machine frame 2100, the length direction of the fixed guard plate 2101 is parallel to the length direction of the side guard plate 2102, and a gap for conveying shaft parts is formed between the fixed guard plate 2101 and the side guard plate 2102;
The positioning frame 2200, the positioning frame 2200 is connected with the material loading frame 2100, and the upper surface of positioning frame 2200 and material loading frame 2100 is the inclined plane, be provided with two baffle 2201 relatively on the positioning frame 2200, form the clearance that is used for conveying axle type part between two baffle 2201, and be provided with the first location piece 2202 that is used for positioning axle type part on the positioning frame 2200, be provided with first constant head tank 2203 on the first location piece 2202, and be provided with location dog 2601 relatively on the positioning frame 2200 and location push block 2600, and location dog 2601, location push block 2600 and first constant head tank 2203 are located same horizontal line, be provided with first impeller 2602 on the location push block 2600, first impeller 2602 pushes away the orientation of axle type part and removes towards location dog 2601.
The ejector plate 2300 is disposed between the feeding frame 2100 and the positioning frame 2200, and a driving member (not shown) for driving the ejector plate 2300 to operate is provided on the ejector plate 2300.
Specifically, guide rods 2401 are arranged between a fixed guard plate 2101 and a side guard plate 2102 and between two guide plates 2201, contact between a part to be processed 2700 and a frame can be reduced, friction and stains are reduced, connecting pieces (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the side guard plate 2102 and the guide plates 2201, a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on the frame, set screws penetrate through one of the bolt holes and are locked through nuts, so that distances between the fixed guard plate 2101 and the side guard plate 2102 and between the two guide plates 2201 are adjustable, the feeding device can adapt to the parts to be processed 2700 with different lengths, a first pushing piece 2602 is an air cylinder, the air cylinder can push the part to be processed 2700 to move towards the direction of the positioning block 2601 until one end of the part to be processed 2700, which is close to the positioning block 2601, abuts against the positioning block 2601, a photoelectric sensor 2501 is arranged on the positioning frame and used for monitoring whether a mechanical arm 3200 is clamped to a conveying part, and a stop plate 2500 is arranged on the first positioning block 2202.
Further, the driving piece is an air cylinder, a connecting plate (not shown in the figure) is arranged below the ejector plate 2300, the air cylinder shaft of the air cylinder is vertically upwards fixed with the connecting plate, two sides of the ejector plate 2300 are oppositely provided with adjusting plates 2303, the adjusting plates 2303 are provided with adjusting waist-shaped holes, set screws penetrate through the adjusting waist-shaped holes and are respectively in threaded connection with the connecting plate and the ejector plate 2300, the distance between the connecting plate and the ejector plate 2300 is adjustable, the working stroke of the ejector plate 2300 is adjustable, two sides of the connecting plate are provided with guide rods, and shock pads are arranged on the guide rods.
In this embodiment, through the feeding frame 2100 and the positioning frame 2200 with inclined upper surfaces, the shaft parts to be processed can roll along the feeding frame 2100, the parts are pushed into the first positioning groove 2203 on the first positioning block 2202 of the positioning frame 2200 by the ejector plate 2300, the parts to be processed 2700 are positioned, so that the mechanical arm 3200 grips the parts to be processed 2700, thereby meeting the requirement of automatic production and improving the production efficiency, and the parts to be processed 2700 are positioned more accurately by the cooperation of the positioning pushing block 2600 and the positioning stop 2601, thereby facilitating the gripping of the clamp 3300 and reducing the positioning error.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the fixture 3300 includes a first connecting block 3501 disposed on a connecting flange 3403, two bases 3502 are disposed on the first connecting block 3501 relatively, clamping blocks 3503 are disposed on the two bases 3502 relatively, clamping grooves 3504 for grabbing shaft parts are disposed on the clamping blocks 3503, the bases 3502 and the first connecting block 3501 are in sliding fit, so that the two clamping blocks 3503 can be clamped and loosened relatively, a connecting plate 3507 is disposed on one side, facing the connecting flange 3403, of the first connecting block 3501, a sliding block 3508 is fixed on the connecting plate 3507, a sliding rail 3509 is fixed on the connecting flange 3403, the sliding rail 3509 is in sliding fit with the sliding block 3508, fixing blocks 3510 are disposed on two sides of the connecting plate 3507, two connecting seats 3511 are disposed on the connecting flange 3403 relatively, mounting grooves 3512 are disposed on the connecting seats 3511, the fixing blocks 3510 are disposed in the mounting grooves 3512, the fixing blocks 3510 can slide in the mounting grooves 3512, elastic pieces 3512 are disposed in the mounting grooves 3512, and one end, which is not connected with the elastic pieces 3511, of the elastic pieces are connected with the other end, which is not shown, of the elastic pieces are connected.
Through being provided with elastic connection spare and slide rail 3509 matched with for this anchor clamps 3300 can carry out the rocking of a small margin, reduces the rigid collision when anchor clamps 3300 snatch the product, and the rigid collision when anchor clamps 3300 clamp the product and place the lathe processing, increases anchor clamps 3300's life.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, a numerical control machine tool processing automation line further includes a spot check feeding tool 4, where the spot check feeding tool 4 includes:
The positioning component is arranged on the feeding frame 4100 and is used for positioning the processed parts;
The driving assembly comprises a rodless cylinder 4200, the rodless cylinder 4200 is arranged on the feeding frame 4100, the length direction of the rodless cylinder 4200 is parallel to the length direction of the feeding frame 4100, a slide block 4201 is arranged on the rodless cylinder 4200, the slide block 4201 is in sliding fit with the rodless cylinder 4200, and the slide block 4201 is connected with the positioning assembly to drive the positioning assembly to work;
The button box 4300, the button box 4300 is arranged on the feeding frame 4100, and a control button of the button box 4300 is electrically connected with the rodless cylinder 4200, when spot inspection is required, the control button in the button box 4300 controls the positioning component to drive the spot inspection part to be sent out from the processing area.
Further preferably, the positioning assembly comprises a second support plate 4500 disposed on the slide block 4201, a second positioning unit is disposed on the second support plate, the second positioning unit comprises a fixing plate 4501 disposed on the second support plate 4500, at least two second positioning blocks 4502 are disposed on the fixing plate 4501, each second positioning block 4502 is provided with a second positioning groove 4503, two second limiting blocks 4504 are disposed along the length direction of the fixing plate 4501 in a relative manner, limiting grooves 4505 are disposed on the second support plate 4500, second connecting blocks 4506 are disposed at bottoms of the second positioning blocks 4502 and the second limiting blocks 4504, and the second connecting blocks 4506 are disposed in the limiting grooves 4505 and can be in sliding fit with the limiting grooves 4505.
Specifically, after quantitatively producing a batch of parts, the manipulator can be controlled by the prior art to clamp one part and place the part on the feeding sampling inspection tool for sampling inspection, and a sensor can be arranged on the feeding rack 4100, so that the motion of clamping the machined part on the positioning assembly by the manipulator is sensed by the sensor, and the next motion of the manipulator is controlled.
Further, in this embodiment, a discharging device 7 with a driving belt is also provided for conveying the qualified parts that have been finished.
A processing method of a numerical control machine tool processing automation production line comprises the following steps:
S1, manually placing a part 2700 to be processed on a feeding device, and conveying the part 2700 to be processed by the feeding device and conveying the part 2700 to a first positioning groove 2203 on a first positioning block 2202 of a positioning frame 2200;
s2, after the part 2700 to be processed is conveyed to a specified position, the mechanical arm 3200 starts to work, and the clamp 3300 on the mechanical arm 3200 grabs one part 2700 to be processed;
s3, the mechanical arm 3200 grabs the part 2700 to be machined onto a chuck of the numerical control lathe 1, and the chuck clamps the part 2700 to be machined;
s4, starting the numerical control machine tool 1 to work, and machining the part 2700 to be machined;
S5, stopping working of the numerical control machine tool 1, finishing machining, enabling the mechanical arm 3200 to grab a machined part on the chuck, loosening the chuck, enabling the mechanical arm 3200 to move to a part reversing tool with the machined part, and replacing the direction of the machined part clamped by the mechanical arm 3200 by using the part reversing tool;
S6, repeating the steps S3-S4;
s7, the mechanical arm 3200 controls one clamp 3300 to grasp one part 2700 to be processed in the step S1 for waiting;
S8, after the last batch of machined parts are machined in the numerical control machine 1, the mechanical arm 3200 controls the other clamp 3300 to grasp the machined parts on the chuck of the numerical control machine 1, the machined parts are removed from the chuck, and then the mechanical arm 3200 places the part 2700 to be machined grasped by one clamp 3300 in the step S7 on the chuck of the numerical control machine 1;
s9, the mechanical arm 3200 controls the other clamp 3300 to place the finished machined part on the discharging device 7;
s10, repeating the steps S1-S9 in a circulating way.
In the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the difference is that the feeding device 2 includes:
a work table 2801, wherein a roller is provided at the bottom of the work table 2801 to move the position of the work table 2801;
The number of the limiting strips 2802 is at least two, the limiting strips 2802 are oppositely arranged on the workbench 2801 and are rotationally connected with the workbench 2801, and the upper surfaces of the limiting strips 2802 are inclined surfaces;
A supporting block 2803 for supporting the placement of the part 2700 to be processed, the supporting block 2803 being disposed on the limit bar 2802;
The limiting plate 2804 is arranged on the limiting strip 2802, a limiting hole 2805 for placing a part 2700 to be processed is formed in the limiting plate 2804, and a supporting column 2806 is arranged between the limiting plate 2804 and the supporting block 2803, so that a gap is reserved between the limiting plate 2804 and the supporting block 2803, the part 2700 to be processed is placed in the limiting hole 2805, and the limiting plate 2804 is connected with the supporting plate 2803 through a knob;
The positioning unit comprises four upright posts 2900 surrounding the bottom of the workbench 2801, guide plates 2901 are arranged on the two upright posts 2900 close to one side of the mechanical arm 3200, the guide plates 2901 are respectively arranged on one side, far away from the workbench, of the upright posts 2900, buffer columns 2902 are arranged on one surface, facing the workbench, of the upright posts 2900, clamping plates 2903 facing the workbench 2801 are arranged on the other two upright posts 2900 on one side, far away from the mechanical arm 3200, the clamping plates 2903 are abutted against the workbench 2801, bumps are arranged on the lower surface of the clamping plates 2903, sliding grooves 2904 are formed in the upper surface of the upright posts 2900, and the bumps can slide in the sliding grooves 2904, and are fixedly spliced with the upright posts 2900 after passing through the clamping plates 2903.
Specifically, the processing production line in this embodiment is a processing production line for hat parts, a stepping motor is arranged in a workbench 2801 and drives a limit bar 2802 to rotate, a sensor is arranged on the workbench 2801 and used for monitoring whether a limit plate 2804 rotates in place, and a switch door is arranged on one side of the workbench 2801 away from a mechanical arm so as to facilitate discharging to the workbench 2801.
In the embodiment, through the limiting bar 2802 with an inclined surface, the supporting block 2803 and the limiting plate 2804 close to one side of the mechanical arm 3200 are inclined downwards, so that the mechanical arm 3200 can conveniently drive the clamp 3300 to grasp the part 2700 to be machined in the feeding device 2, when the part 2700 to be machined on the limiting plate 2804 close to one side of the mechanical arm 3200 is fully machined, the stepping motor drives the supporting block 2803 to rotate 180 degrees, the mechanical arm 3200 starts to clamp the part 2700 to be machined on the limiting plate 2804 placed on the other side, and when the mechanical arm 3200 clamps the part to be machined, the part to be machined is placed back into the limiting hole 2805 where the part to be machined is originally.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the fixture 3300 includes a mounting seat 3600 and three clamping fingers 3601, the mounting seat 3600 is fixed with the connecting flange 3403, the clamping fingers 3601 and the mounting seat 3600 can slide relatively, so that the three clamping fingers 3601 can clamp and loosen relatively, a top plate 3604 is arranged on the mounting seat 3600, a plurality of top pins 3606 are arranged on one surface of the top plate 3604 facing the mounting seat 3600 at intervals, an elastic piece is arranged between the top pins 3606 and the mounting seat 3600, and due to the fact that errors may exist when the fixture 3300 grabs a part 2700 to be machined each time, deviation may occur when the part 2700 to be machined by a lathe is machined, and the part 2700 to be machined can be pushed to a specified position of the lathe through the arrangement of the top plate 3604, so that positioning errors are reduced.
Specifically, the elastic member is a spring, a spring groove (not shown in the figure) is provided on the mounting seat 3600, one end of the ejection pin 3606 is fixed with the ejection plate 3604, the other end of the ejection pin 3606 is provided in the spring groove and can slide in the spring groove, a spring plate 3608 is provided on the spring groove, and two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the ejection pin 3606 and the spring plate 3608.
The working process of clamping the component by using the clamp 3300 is that the clamp fingers 3601 are opened, the clamp 3300 approaches to the part to be machined 2700, the part to be machined 2700 presses the ejection plate 3604, the ejection plate 3604 drives the ejection pin 3606 to move, at the moment, the spring is stretched, then the clamp fingers 3601 shrink, the part to be machined is clamped to move towards a machining machine tool to reach a specified machining position, the clamp fingers 3601 are opened, and meanwhile, the stretched spring starts to reset to drive the ejection plate 3604 to push the part to be machined to the machining position.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the positioning assembly includes a first support plate 4400 provided on a slider 4201, a first positioning unit provided on the first support plate 4400,
The first positioning unit comprises an adjusting disc 4402 arranged on a first supporting plate 4400 and three positioning shafts 4401 used for positioning processing parts, three adjusting grooves 4403 with the same shape are arranged on the adjusting disc 4402 at intervals around the central position of the adjusting disc 4402, a rotating seat 4404 is arranged between the adjusting disc 4402 and the first supporting plate 4400, three first limiting grooves are arranged on the rotating seat 4404 around the central position of the rotating seat 4404, the three positioning shafts 4401 vertically upwards penetrate through the first limiting grooves and the adjusting grooves 4403, two first limiting blocks 4405 are arranged at intervals at the bottom of each positioning shaft 4403, gaps are formed between the rotating seat 4404 and the first supporting plate 4400, gaps are formed between the adjusting disc 4402 and the rotating seat 4404, the two first limiting blocks 4405 are respectively arranged in the corresponding gaps, and the set screws penetrate through the center of the adjusting disc 4402 and are in threaded connection with the rotating seat 4404 so as to lock the adjusting disc 4402.
In the above embodiment, the cover plate 4406 is disposed on the adjusting plate 4402, three second limiting grooves 4407 are disposed on the cover plate 4406 around the center of the cover plate 4406, and the positioning shaft 4401 vertically passes upward through the second limiting grooves 4407, and the cover plate 4406 is provided to support the processing part, thereby preventing the processing part from directly contacting the adjusting plate 4402 to damage the adjusting plate 4402.
In this embodiment, the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove 4407 have the same shape and the same distribution.
The process of adjusting the three positioning shafts 4401 by using the adjusting plate 4402 includes unscrewing the set screw to make the adjusting plate 4402 rotatable, then rotating the adjusting plate 4402 along the extending direction of the adjusting groove 4403 to reduce the interval between the three positioning shafts 4401, and reversely rotating the adjusting plate 4402 to expand the interval between the three positioning shafts 4401 and adjust the interval between the three positioning shafts 4401 according to the inner diameter size of the processed part, so that the positioning assembly can be suitable for the processed parts with different inner diameters.
In all the embodiments described above, the first support plate 4400 and the second support plate 4500 may be integrally provided, so that the conveying and spot inspection tool may be suitable for conveying different parts, and has better economical efficiency, two hydraulic buffers 4600 are relatively provided on the feeding frame 4100 along the length direction, so as to play a role in buffering the positioning assembly, preventing the moving speed of the slider 4201 from being fast and damaging the device, and the second slide rail 4202 is provided along the length direction on the feeding frame 4100, and the positioning assembly is slidably matched with the second slide rail 4202, so that by providing the second slide rail 4202, a guiding effect may be provided for the movement of the positioning assembly, and meanwhile, a certain supporting effect may be provided for the positioning assembly.
In all the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, a numerical control machine tool machining automation line further includes:
The fixture quick-change tool 6 comprises a quick-change bracket 6100, wherein a support plate 6101 is oppositely arranged on the quick-change bracket 6100, a support groove 6102 for supporting a quick-change lower die 3403 is arranged on the support plate 6101, a quick-change support plate 6103 is arranged between the quick-change upper die 3401 and a connecting flange 3403, a positioning hole 6104 is oppositely arranged on the quick-change support plate 6103, a positioning column 6105 is oppositely arranged on the support plate 6101, when the quick-change lower die 3402 is placed on the support plate 6101, the positioning column 6105 penetrates through the positioning hole 6104, and the support plate 6101 supports the quick-change support plate 6103;
Part switching-over frock 5, part switching-over frock 5 includes switching-over support 5100, is provided with fixing base 5101 on the switching-over support 5100, and fixing base 5101 encloses into a cavity of placing the part that waits to process 2700 with switching-over support 5100, is provided with the top board 5102 and the lower backup pad 5103 that are used for pressing from both sides tight processing part in the cavity, and 5101 is provided with second impeller 5200 on the fixing base, and second impeller 5200 can promote top board 5102 to move towards lower backup pad 5103's direction until top board 5102 and lower backup pad 5103 press from both sides the processing part.
Specifically, the second pushing member 5200 is a cylinder, a cylinder seat of the cylinder is arranged on the fixing seat 5101, a cylinder shaft of the cylinder penetrates through the fixing seat 5101 downwards to be fixed with the upper pressing plate 5102, and V-shaped grooves are formed in the upper pressing plate 5102 and the lower supporting plate 5103 so as to clamp processing.
In the application, by arranging the clamp quick-change tool 6, different clamps 3300 can be placed, so that quick change among different clamps 3300 is realized, the machined parts can be changed by arranging the part change tool 5, and for top hat parts, the direction of changing the machined parts cannot be clamped on a hydraulic chuck of a machine tool by rotating the mechanical arm 3300 alone because the length of the top hat parts is short, so that the machined parts can be clamped by the upper pressure plate 5102 and the lower pressure plate 5103, and then the mechanical arm 3200 is changed again, so that the other direction of the machined parts is processed.
In the application, an automatic hydraulic chuck clamping device (not shown in the figure) and a hydraulic tool chip blowing device (not shown in the figure) are also arranged, and the automatic hydraulic chuck clamping device and the hydraulic tool chip blowing device are arranged in the numerical control machine tool 1.
A processing method of a numerical control machine tool processing automation production line comprises the following steps:
s1, manually placing a part 2700 to be processed into a limiting hole 2805 on a limiting plate 2804 of a workbench 2801,
S2, after the part 2700 to be machined is rotated by the workbench and conveyed to a designated position, the mechanical arm 3200 starts to work, and the clamp 3300 on the mechanical arm 3200 grabs one part 2700 to be machined;
s3, the mechanical arm 3200 grabs the part 2700 to be machined onto a chuck of the numerical control lathe 1, and the chuck clamps the part 2700 to be machined;
s4, starting the numerical control machine tool 1 to work, and machining the part 2700 to be machined;
S5, stopping working of the numerical control machine tool 1, finishing machining, enabling the mechanical arm 3200 to grab a machined part on the chuck, loosening the chuck, enabling the mechanical arm 3200 to move to a part reversing tool with the machined part, and replacing the direction of the machined part clamped by the mechanical arm 3200 by using the part reversing tool;
S6, repeating the steps S3-S4;
s7, the mechanical arm 3200 controls one clamp 3300 to grasp one part 2700 to be processed in the step S1 for waiting;
S8, after the last batch of machined parts are machined in the numerical control machine 1, the mechanical arm 3200 controls the other clamp 3300 to grasp the machined parts on the chuck of the numerical control machine 1, the machined parts are removed from the chuck, and then the mechanical arm 3200 places the part 2700 to be machined grasped by one clamp 3300 in the step S7 on the chuck of the numerical control machine 1;
s9, the mechanical arm 3200 controls the other clamp 3300 to place the finished machined part into a spare limiting hole 2805 on the limiting plate 2804;
s10, repeating the steps S1-S9 in a circulating way.
In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered as not existing, and not falling within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
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| CN115673848A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-02-03 | 华中科技大学无锡研究院 | A reconfigurable robot flexible loading and unloading system |
| CN116493903B (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-26 | 成都广泰威达数控技术股份有限公司 | Automatic production system for numerical control machine tool machining |
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