CN115104558A - Device and method for evaluating swimming capacity of large yellow croaker population - Google Patents
Device and method for evaluating swimming capacity of large yellow croaker population Download PDFInfo
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- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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Abstract
A device and a method for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population belong to the technical field of biological measurement. The device comprises a swimming lane, a water pump, a PVC water pipe, a frequency converter, a rectifier, a barrier net and a camera; water was injected into lanes; the water pump is connected with a PVC water pipe and is arranged in the swimming lane to form circulation; the frequency converter is connected with the water pump, and the water flow in the lane is controlled by changing the power of the water pump; the rectifier is arranged at the head end inside the lane and is used for forming laminar flow; the blocking net is arranged at the tail end inside the lane; the camera is placed right above the lane. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly forming a circulation flow in a lane by a water pump, generating a stable laminar flow by a rectifier, putting a tested large yellow croaker group into the lane, adjusting the power of the water pump by a frequency converter to control the water flow speed in the lane, fishing out the large yellow croakers rushing to a tail end blocking net due to fatigue to obtain the swimming capacity of the large yellow croakers, and recording and shooting the large yellow croakers in the whole course by a camera. The swimming ability evaluation method can evaluate the swimming ability of large-batch large yellow croaker groups in a short time, and has the advantages of low equipment cost, high efficiency and wide application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological measurement, and particularly relates to a device and a method for evaluating swimming capacity of large yellow croaker groups.
Background
Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an important marine economic breeding species in China, a near-shore net cage is used as a main breeding mode, and due to the defects of unsmooth water body exchange, serious environmental pollution and the like, aquatic diseases are frequent, and the death rate of the large yellow croaker is high. Therefore, the large yellow croaker farming industry tries to turn to the "deep open sea net cage" farming mode. However, the deep and open sea net cages have more complex water flow conditions, and have high requirements on swimming capability of the cultured objects due to multiple rapids and turbulence. The swimming ability of fish is considered as an important index for evaluating the growth and survival of fish, and is closely related to the robustness of fish. Under the background, the device and the method for selecting the swimming capacity of the large yellow croaker group in a specific culture scene are especially important by combining the deep and open sea culture mode and characteristics of the large yellow croaker and taking the swimming capacity of the fish as a focus.
In the evaluation of swimming ability of fish, the critical swimming speed (U) crit ) The most common and widespread use of this index is considered as a criterion for assessing the swimming ability of fish. The critical swimming speed is obtained by converting the speed and the duration of the fish which continuously swims in fixed time and speed increment and finally reaches the fatigue state. This method was first established by Brett, a academy of Canada, in 1964 and is used to date. Therefore, Brett builds a first fish respiration measuring instrument which can be used for measuring the fish critical swimming speed, the device places the experimental fish to be measured in the lane, forms a closed loop of the water path, changes the water flow speed in the lane by controlling the power of the water pump, and measures the critical swimming speed of the experimental fish, which is also the model basis of the later fish swimming capacity measuring device. Since then, the study on the swimming ability of fish became popular, and the experimental setup was also improved on the basis of "Brett type". Stobutzki builds a swimming lane device for measuring the swimming capability of coral reef fishes in 1997, the device consists of 6 independent swimming lanes, power is provided by a water pump, an inverted U-shaped water tank is arranged at the front end of each swimming lane to stabilize water flow, and the swimming capability of 6 experimental fishes can be measured simultaneously. In addition, a swimming lane device for measuring the swimming capability of the fishes is built by the logo company, consists of a single swimming lane, is powered by a paddle type engine, controls the water flow speed in the swimming lane through a controller, and is the most successful swimming capability of the fishes in commercializationAnd (4) a measuring device.
Although much development has been made on measuring devices for the swimming ability of fish, unfortunately, the existing measuring devices still have their significant drawbacks, such as: the number of measurable individuals is limited, the measurement technology is complex and tedious, the production application scenes are few, and the like, and the limit makes the industrial application of the existing fish swimming capacity measuring device in production not feasible.
Therefore, the device and the method for evaluating the swimming capacity of the large yellow croaker population are provided, the strong large yellow croakers with strong swimming capacity can be selected quickly and massively for production and cultivation, so that the production cost and the production time are saved, practical economic benefits are brought to the large yellow croaker cultivation industry, a solution is provided for selecting strong large yellow croaker individuals with strong swimming capacity in specific cultivation scenes such as offshore deep open sea and the like, and the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry is assisted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for evaluating swimming capability of a large yellow croaker population, which can efficiently and quickly select strong individuals with strong swimming capability from the large yellow croaker population.
A device for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population, comprising: lane, water pump, PVC water pipe, frequency converter, rectifier, block net, camera; the swimming lane is arranged on a horizontal plane, and seawater with a certain depth is injected; the water pump is connected with a PVC water pipe and is placed in the lane, and the PVC water outlet and the PVC water inlet are parallel to the bottom surface of the lane and form stable circulation inside the lane; the frequency converter is connected with the water pump, and the water flow in the lane is controlled by changing the power of the water pump; the rectifier is arranged at the head end inside the lane and is used for forming laminar flow; the blocking net is arranged at the tail end in the lane and is used for blocking the large yellow croaker; the camera is arranged right above the lane and used for recording the swimming behavior of the large yellow croaker in the lane, and the large yellow croaker can be further analyzed through a video.
Preferably, the lanes are variable in size to suit different sizes of fish.
Preferably, the maximum power of the water pump is variable to achieve the required maximum water flow rate.
Preferably, the PVC water pipe is hard material, is difficult for the deformation, can make rivers stable orientation.
Preferably, the rectifier is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, is not easy to corrode, is honeycomb-shaped, and is easy to generate laminar flow.
Preferably, the blocking net is made of a nylon soft material, so that the blocking net is not easy to damage fish bodies, and the aperture is far smaller than the size of the large yellow croaker to prevent the large yellow croaker from escaping.
A method for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population comprises the following specific steps:
1) the assessed large yellow croaker population was placed in the lane at a low flow rate (0.5 BL.s) -1 ) Adapting for 30min, and prolonging the adapting time until all the assessed large yellow croakers show normal swimming behavior;
2) increasing the water flow speed of the lane by 0.5BL.s by a frequency converter at intervals of 5min -1 ；
3) After 6 stages, the water velocity of the lane is increased by 1BL.s every 15min -1 ；
4) During the whole evaluation period, quickly fishing out the large yellow croaker individuals which reach the fatigue state, and recording the fatigue time and the water flow speed during the fatigue, wherein the fatigue state is that the large yellow croaker cannot perform top flow swimming behavior and cannot leave for more than 5s when being flushed onto a blocking net at the tail end of a lane by water flow;
5) swimming ability U of large yellow croaker individual crit The following equation gives:
U crit ＝V 1 +(t 1 /T)V
wherein, V 1 Is the water flow speed of the large yellow croaker in the early stage of fatigue; v is the water flow rate increase; t is a time interval; t is t 1 Is the swimming time of the large yellow croaker in the fatigue stage.
Compared with the existing fish swimming capability evaluation device, the device and the method for evaluating the swimming capability of the large yellow croaker group have the following advantages and technical effects:
1. the device is low in construction cost, large in evaluation scale and high in evaluation efficiency, and has industrial application prospects;
2. the method has low technical difficulty, can finish the evaluation of swimming capability of large-scale large yellow croakers in a short time, and does not damage the fishes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the method for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the swimming ability distribution of 3-month-old population of large yellow croakers.
Each of the labels in the figure is: 1-lane; 2-a water pump; 3-a PVC pipe water outlet; 4-PVC pipe water inlet; 5-a frequency converter; 6-a rectifier; 7-blocking; 8-a camera; 9-evaluation area; 10-the large yellow croaker to be detected.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: device for evaluating swimming capacity of large yellow croaker population
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for evaluating swimming ability of a large yellow croaker population, comprising: lane 1, water pump 2, PVC pipe delivery port 3, PVC pipe water inlet 4, converter 5, rectifier 6, barrier 7, camera 8, appraisal area 9.
The swimming lane 1 is arranged on a horizontal plane and is filled with seawater with a certain depth; the water pump 2 is connected with a PVC water pipe and is arranged in the swimming lane, the water outlet 3 of the PVC pipe and the water inlet 4 of the PVC pipe are parallel to the bottom surface of the swimming lane 1, and a stable circulation is formed in the swimming lane; the frequency converter 5 is connected with the water pump 2, and the water flow in the lane 1 is controlled by changing the power of the water pump 2; the rectifier 6 is arranged at the head end inside the lane 1 and used for forming laminar flow; the blocking net 7 is arranged at the tail end in the lane 1 and used for blocking the large yellow croakers; the camera 8 is arranged right above the center of the lane 1 and is used for recording the swimming behavior of the large yellow croaker in the lane 1, and the swimming behavior can be further analyzed through videos.
When the device is used, seawater is injected into the lane 1, the water pump 2 is started, water flow enters the water pump 2 from the water inlet 4 of the PVC pipe and then flows out from the water outlet 3 of the PVC pipe, and stable circulation is formed inside the lane 1. The output power of the water pump 2 is controlled by changing the output frequency of the frequency converter 5 so as to adjust the water flow speed in the lane 1. The water flow rate corresponding to each output frequency can be measured by using a flow rate meter.
The evaluation area 9 in the lane 1 is used for placing the tested large yellow croaker 10, the rectifier 6 enables the inside of the evaluation area 9 to form laminar flow, and the blocking net 1 prevents the tested large yellow croaker 10 from leaving the evaluation area 9. The camera 8 records the swimming behavior of the large yellow croaker in the evaluation area 9 in the whole process.
The lane 1 adopted in the embodiment is made of an acrylic material, and is circular and 30cm high, with an outer circle diameter of 80cm and an inner circle diameter of 40 cm. It should be noted that the tracks made of acrylic material and having a circular ring shape with a height of 30cm, an outer circle diameter of 80cm, and an inner circle diameter of 40cm are only a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, tracks with other sizes may also be used.
The water pump 2 used in this embodiment is of the brand Sunsun, and the model is HLS-370. It should be noted that the water pump with the brand name of Sunsun and the model number of HLS-370 is only a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, water pumps with other brands and models may be used.
The frequency converter 5 adopted in the embodiment is of a Taida brand with an EV4300-0.75G1 model. It should be noted that the frequency converter with the brand of tynday and the model number of EV4300-0.75G1 is only a preferred implementation manner of the present embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, frequency converters with other brands and models may be used.
The aperture of the rectifier 6 used in this embodiment is 6.8 mm. It should be noted that, the rectifier with 6.8mm aperture is only a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, and the invention is not limited thereto, and the aperture of the rectifier may be changed according to the lane size in other embodiments.
Example 2: method for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population
Swimming ability U crit The measurement scheme is shown in fig. 2, and this example provides a method for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
1) the assessed large yellow croaker population was placed in the lane at a low flow rate (0.5 BL.s) -1 ) After adaptation for 30 min;
2) increasing the water flow speed of the lane by 0.5BL.s by a frequency converter at intervals of 5min -1 ；
3) After 6 stages, the water velocity of the lane is increased by 1BL.s every 15min -1 ；
4) Rapidly fishing out the large yellow croaker individuals which reach the fatigue state during the evaluation period, and recording the fatigue time and the water flow speed during the fatigue;
5) swimming ability U of large yellow croaker individual crit The following equation gives:
U crit ＝V 1 +(t 1 /T)V
wherein V 1 Is the water flow speed of the large yellow croaker in the early stage of fatigue; v is the water flow rate increase; t is a time interval; t is t 1 Is the swimming time of the large yellow croaker in the fatigue stage.
In addition, specific examples will be given below in conjunction with the apparatus provided in example 1 and the method provided in example 2, and the specific examples will also describe in detail the operation of the apparatus provided in example 1.
The method takes 3-month-old large yellow croaker (Larimichys crocea) as used fish, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) connecting and electrifying all parts of the device for evaluating the swimming ability of the large yellow croaker group as required, injecting seawater with the depth of 20cm into the lane 1, starting the water pump 2 and the frequency converter 5, waiting for the stable circulation formed inside the lane 1, and measuring the corresponding water flow speed inside the lane 1 at each output frequency of the frequency converter 5 by using a flow meter;
2) fixing the camera 8 right above the evaluation area 9 by using a tripod, and shooting and recording the evaluation area 9 through the camera 8 in the whole evaluation period;
3) selecting 100-tailed large yellow croakers of 3 months age, wherein the weight (BW) is 2.30 +/-0.43 g, and the Body Length (BL) is 5.86 +/-0.50 cm;
4) adjusting the output frequency of the frequency converter 5 to ensure that the water flow speed in the lane 1 is 0.5BL/s, namely 3cm/s, and then placing the 100-tailed large yellow croaker population in the evaluation area 9 for adaptation for 30 min;
5) after the adaptation is finished, adjusting the output frequency by the frequency converter 5 every 5min to increase the water flow speed in the lane 1 by 0.5 BL/s;
6) repeating the step 2) for 6 stages, and adjusting the output frequency by a frequency converter 5 every 15min to increase the water flow speed in the lane 1 by 1 BL/s;
7) during the whole evaluation period, quickly fishing out the large yellow croaker body which reaches the fatigue state (namely the large yellow croaker body cannot continue to do top flow swimming behavior and cannot leave for more than 5 seconds after being flushed onto the blocking net 7 at the tail end of the lane 1 by water flow), and recording the fatigue time and the water flow speed during fatigue;
8) swimming ability U of large yellow croaker individual crit The following equation gives:
U crit ＝V 1 +(t 1 /T)V
wherein, V 1 Is the water flow speed of the large yellow croaker in the early stage of fatigue; v is the water flow rate increase; t is a time interval; t is t 1 Is the swimming time of the large yellow croaker in the fatigue stage.
9) The swimming ability of the 100-tailed 3-month-old large yellow croaker population can be obtained by a calculation formula, which is shown in figure 3.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A device for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population, characterized by comprising: lane, water pump, PVC water pipe, frequency converter, rectifier, block net, camera; the swimming lane is arranged on the horizontal plane and is filled with seawater; the water pump is connected with a PVC water pipe and is placed in the lane, and the PVC water outlet and the PVC water inlet are parallel to the bottom surface of the lane and form stable circulation inside the lane; the frequency converter is connected with the water pump, and the water flow in the lane is controlled by changing the power of the water pump; the rectifier is arranged at the head end inside the swimming lane and is used for forming laminar flow; the blocking net is arranged at the tail end in the lane and is used for blocking the large yellow croaker; the camera is arranged right above the lane and used for recording the swimming behavior of the large yellow croaker in the lane and carrying out further analysis through video.
2. The apparatus for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population according to claim 1, wherein the lane is circular and made of acrylic plate.
3. The apparatus for evaluating the swimming ability of large yellow croaker population according to claim 1, wherein said water pump is a land water pump, and the maximum power is variable to achieve the required maximum water flow rate.
4. The apparatus for evaluating the swimming ability of large yellow croaker population according to claim 1, wherein the power of the frequency converter is greater than the power of the water pump.
5. The apparatus for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population according to claim 1, wherein said PVC water pipe is hard and not easily deformed, and can make water flow stably face.
6. The apparatus for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel and has a honeycomb shape to facilitate laminar flow.
7. The apparatus for evaluating the swimming ability of a large yellow croaker population according to claim 6, wherein the rectifier has a honeycomb shape with a pore size of 6.8 mm.
8. The apparatus for evaluating the swimming ability of a large yellow croaker population according to claim 1, wherein the blocking net is made of a soft nylon material to reduce the damage to the fish body, and the aperture of the blocking net is smaller than the size of the large yellow croaker to prevent the large yellow croaker from escaping.
9. A method for evaluating swimming ability of large yellow croaker population is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the evaluation large yellow croaker population is put into the lane at low flow rate of 0.5BL.s -1 Adapting for 30min, and prolonging the adapting time until all the assessed large yellow croakers show normal swimming behavior;
2) increasing the water flow speed of the lane by 0.5BL.s by a frequency converter at intervals of 5min -1 ；
3) After 6 stages, the water velocity of the lane is increased by 1BL.s every 15min -1 ；
4) During the whole evaluation period, quickly fishing out the large yellow croaker individuals which reach the fatigue state, and recording the fatigue time and the water flow speed during the fatigue, wherein the fatigue state is that the large yellow croaker cannot perform top flow swimming behavior and cannot leave for more than 5s when being flushed onto a blocking net at the tail end of a lane by water flow;
5) swimming ability U of large yellow croaker individual crit The following formula is given:
U crit ＝V 1 +(t 1 /T)V
wherein, V 1 Is the water flow speed of the large yellow croaker in the early stage of fatigue; v is the water flow rate increase; t is a time interval; t is t 1 Is the swimming time of the large yellow croaker in the fatigue stage.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202979896U (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-06-12 | 大连海洋大学 | Determinator for swimming ability of fish |
| CN107581134A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-16 | 上海海洋大学 | One kind automation fish swimming capacity test device and method |
| WO2018011745A1 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | Biosort As | Method and system for sorting live fish |
| CN109526814A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Fish are temporarily supported, structure is tested in swimming behavior observation and Burden-Swimming Ability of KM |
| CN111449007A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Fish swimming capability testing device and method |
-
2022
- 2022-06-29 CN CN202210758205.0A patent/CN115104558A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202979896U (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-06-12 | 大连海洋大学 | Determinator for swimming ability of fish |
| WO2018011745A1 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | Biosort As | Method and system for sorting live fish |
| CN107581134A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-16 | 上海海洋大学 | One kind automation fish swimming capacity test device and method |
| CN109526814A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Fish are temporarily supported, structure is tested in swimming behavior observation and Burden-Swimming Ability of KM |
| CN111449007A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Fish swimming capability testing device and method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李树航等: "松花江鲫鱼游泳能力的研究", 水利科学与寒区工程, 30 January 2021 (2021-01-30), pages 33 - 37 * |
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