CN115100927A - Experiment method of physical mechanics experiment innovation system - Google Patents
Experiment method of physical mechanics experiment innovation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115100927A CN115100927A CN202210828452.3A CN202210828452A CN115100927A CN 115100927 A CN115100927 A CN 115100927A CN 202210828452 A CN202210828452 A CN 202210828452A CN 115100927 A CN115100927 A CN 115100927A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/16—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for science of heat
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental method of a physical mechanics experiment innovation system, relating to the technical field of physical mechanics experiment innovation systems; in order to more comprehensively research the influence factors and the action effect of the friction force; the system comprises a central display device and a plurality of branch experimental devices, wherein the branch experimental devices are circumferentially distributed about the central display device; wherein, the branch experimental apparatus includes: a central rod is fixed at the center of the top of the experiment table; the rotary drum is rotatably arranged on the outer side of the central rod; the first friction plates are arranged on the outer wall of the circumference of the first friction plate in an adjustable mode through the adjusting assemblies respectively, and the first friction plates are of arc-shaped structures. The experimental device well shows the condition that friction heating effects are different due to different materials and different roughness, experimental results are easy to judge and strong in interestingness, and meanwhile the requirements of physical and mechanical experiments are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a physical mechanics experiment innovation system, in particular to an experiment method of the physical mechanics experiment innovation system.
Background
Physics is the subject of studying the most general law of material motion and the basic structure of material, mechanics is a very important branch of physics, force is divided into many kinds, and the effect of force is classified as follows: tension, pressure, support force, power, resistance, buoyancy, thrust, attraction, repulsion, centripetal force, buoyancy and other forces; classified from the nature of the force are: gravity, elastic force, friction force, universal gravitation, molecular force, electric field force, magnetic field force, various field forces and other forces;
at present, in physical teaching, only oral description or a simple device is used for carrying out simulation experiments, so that the characteristics of force and the effect generated when the force acts cannot be displayed more vividly, the teaching effect is poor, and improvement is needed.
Through retrieval, chinese patent application No. CN201320396277.1 discloses a friction force testing apparatus, which comprises a friction bearing plate, a friction demonstration plate assembly and a force sensor. The friction demonstration plate assembly is arranged on the friction bearing plate, the friction bearing plate is provided with a traction end, the friction demonstration plate assembly is provided with a force measuring end, and the force measuring end and the traction end are arranged oppositely. The friction force experiment device further comprises a traction mechanism and an electronic device, wherein the traction mechanism is connected with the traction end of the friction bearing plate and used for applying traction force to the friction bearing plate. The force sensor is connected with the force measuring end of the friction demonstration plate assembly and used for sensing static friction force between the friction bearing plate and the friction demonstration plate assembly. The experimental apparatus in the above patent has the following disadvantages: the experiment mode is relatively single, which is not beneficial to researching the influence of the difference of the material/roughness on the friction force.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a physical mechanics experiment innovation system and an experiment method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a physical mechanics experiment innovation system comprises a central display device and a plurality of branch experiment devices, wherein the branch experiment devices are circumferentially distributed about the central display device;
wherein, the branch experimental apparatus includes:
a central rod is fixed at the center of the top of the experiment table;
a rotating drum which is rotatably arranged at the outer side of the central rod,
the first friction plates are respectively arranged on the circumferential outer walls of the first friction plates in an adjustable mode through a plurality of adjusting assemblies, the first friction plates are of arc-shaped structures, and the materials or the surface roughness of the first friction plates are different;
the rotary driving mechanism is used for driving the rotary drum to rotate;
the outer wall of the top of the experiment table is provided with a plurality of groups of assembly holes, the bottom of the second friction plate is detachably mounted on the assembly holes through first inserting columns, the mounting position of the second friction plate is matched with the first friction plate, the second friction plate is of a C-shaped structure matched with the first friction plate, arc-surface chamfers for smooth transition are arranged at the edges of two sides of the second friction plate, and the materials or the surface roughness of the second friction plates are different;
the bottom of each second heat transfer socket is detachably mounted on the corresponding assembling hole through a second inserting column; one side of the second friction plate is provided with a first heat transfer socket, heat transfer is carried out between each second heat transfer socket and each first heat transfer socket through a heat transfer component, an annular groove is formed in each second heat transfer socket, and an annular expansion bag is fixed in each annular groove;
the storage box is arranged on the outer side of the top of the second heat transfer socket, the annular expansion bag is positioned at the bottom of the inner side of the storage box, and heat preservation particles are filled in the storage box.
Preferably, the following components: the heat transfer assembly includes:
the first heat transfer plug is detachably plugged in the first heat transfer socket;
the second heat transfer plug is detachably plugged in the second heat transfer socket;
the two ends of the heat transfer lead are respectively connected with the first heat transfer plug and the second heat transfer plug in an integrated manner;
in addition, the storage box is of a bucket-shaped structure, the storage box is made of transparent materials, and first scale marks are arranged on the outer wall of the circumference of the storage box; the outer wall of the top of the second heat transfer socket is provided with a heat transfer rod, and the annular expansion bag is sleeved outside the heat transfer rod.
Further: the adjustment assembly includes:
one end of the adjusting seat is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotary drum;
one end of the friction plate bracket is detachably connected with the inner wall of the adjusting seat in a sliding manner, and a second scale mark is arranged on the friction plate bracket;
the fixing knob is connected to the inner wall of the adjusting seat through threads and used for fixing the friction plate bracket;
the sliding rod is detachably fixed on the outer wall of one side of the first friction plate, one end of the sliding rod is connected to the inner wall of the friction plate support in a sliding mode, and a first supporting spring is fixed between the other end of the sliding rod and the friction plate support.
Further preferred is: the rotation drive mechanism includes:
the rotating wheel is fixed at the top end of the rotating drum;
one end of the flat spiral spring is fixed on the inner side of the rotating wheel, and the other end of the flat spiral spring is fixed on the outer wall of one end of the central rod;
the traction rope is wound outside the rotating wheel, and one end of the traction rope is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating wheel;
the pull rod is fixed at the other end of the traction rope;
in addition, the detachable pulley yoke that installs in laboratory bench top, rotatable two fixed pulleys of installing on the pulley yoke, the haulage rope runs through between two fixed pulleys.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention: a plurality of heat preservation subassemblies are installed to detachable on the pilot hole of laboratory bench, the heat preservation subassembly includes:
the inner side of the heat-insulating clamping seat is provided with a wire groove matched with the heat transfer wire;
the heat insulation pad is bonded on the inner wall of the wire groove of the heat insulation clamping seat;
the third inserts the post, and the third is inserted the post and is fixed in heat preservation cassette both sides bottom, and the heat preservation cassette is inserted post detachable through the third and is installed in the mounting hole.
Further preferred as the invention: a first temperature sensor assembly is arranged on the outer wall of one side of the second friction plate, and a second temperature sensor assembly is arranged at the top of the heat transfer rod;
the center display device includes:
the center frame is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the center seat;
the display screens are circumferentially distributed and arranged on the central frame, and each group of display screens corresponds to the branch experimental device; each display screen is respectively and electrically connected with the first temperature sensor assembly and the second temperature sensor assembly.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the outer wall of one side of the second friction plate and the outer wall of one side of the friction plate bracket are provided with adaptive slots, and supporting components are detachably arranged in the slots;
the support assembly includes:
the two inserting blocks are respectively inserted into the slots of the first friction plate and the friction plate bracket;
and two ends of the second supporting spring are respectively fixed on the two inserting blocks.
As a still further scheme of the invention: a plurality of the laboratory bench of branch experimental apparatus is perpendicular vertical distribution setting, and perpendicular vertical distribution's laboratory bench is provided with the support frame that is used for supporting the laboratory bench with one side.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the first friction plate includes:
the friction support is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves on one side;
the friction disc, size, material or the roughness of a plurality of friction discs are inequality, and friction disc one side outer wall integral type is provided with the card strip, and the friction disc passes through card strip detachable joint in the draw-in groove of friction support.
An experiment method of a physical mechanics experiment innovation system comprises a frictional heat generation experiment based on material/roughness difference, a frictional heat generation experiment based on friction force size difference and a frictional heat generation experiment based on heat transfer effect difference;
the experimental method of the frictional heat generation experiment based on the material/roughness difference comprises the following steps:
s1: mounting first friction plates of different materials/roughness on the adjusting assembly;
s2: mounting second friction plates of different materials/roughness on the assembly holes;
s3: the effective length of each adjusting component is kept consistent;
s4: connecting the first heat transfer receptacle and the second heat transfer receptacle by a heat transfer assembly;
s5: the rotation of the rotary drum is controlled by a rotation driving mechanism, and a first friction plate and a second friction plate are used for friction;
s6: observing the height of the top surface of the heat-insulating particles in the storage box or observing the display screen;
s7: and (5) obtaining a conclusion.
On the basis of the foregoing scheme, it is preferable that: the experimental method of the frictional heat generation experiment based on the difference of the friction force comprises the following steps:
s11: installing a first friction plate with the same material and roughness on the adjusting component;
s12: mounting a second friction plate made of the same material and with the same roughness on the assembling hole;
s13: adjusting the effective length of each adjusting component to enable the adjusting components to be in an inconsistent state;
s14: connecting the first heat transfer receptacle and the second heat transfer receptacle by a heat transfer assembly;
s15: the rotation of the rotary drum is controlled by a rotation driving mechanism, and a first friction plate and a second friction plate are used for friction;
s16: observing the height of the top surface of the heat-insulating particles in the storage box or observing the display screen;
s17: and a conclusion is reached.
It is further preferred on the basis of the foregoing scheme that: the experimental method for the frictional heat generation experiment based on the difference of the heat transfer effect comprises the following steps:
s21: installing a first friction plate with the same material and roughness on the adjusting component;
s22: mounting a second friction plate made of the same material and with the same roughness on the assembling hole;
s23: the effective length of each adjusting component is kept consistent;
s24: connecting the first heat transfer receptacle and the second heat transfer receptacle by a heat transfer assembly;
s25: different numbers of heat preservation assemblies are arranged below the heat transfer assemblies;
s26: clamping the heat transfer wires into different numbers of heat insulation assemblies;
s27: the rotation of the rotary drum is controlled by a rotation driving mechanism, and a first friction plate and a second friction plate are used for friction;
s28: observing the height of the top surface of the heat-insulating particles in the storage box or observing the display screen;
s29: and a conclusion is reached.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the experiment, the heat preservation particles with the same weight are added into each material storage box; the user can rotate repeatedly through rotating actuating mechanism control rotary drum, and then utilize different first friction plate and second friction plate to carry out the friction repeatedly, the heat that the friction process produced transmits annular inflation bag department to second heat transfer socket on through heat transfer assembly, annular inflation bag is heated and is expanded in the storage box inboard, thereby extrude the insulating particles to the outside, the user can judge the size that the gasbag is heated and expands through the height of observing the insulating particles top surface, and then judge each first friction plate, the thermogenic effect of friction between the second friction plate, the fine show of this mode different materials, frictional force between the different roughness is different, lead to the condition that thermogenic effect of friction exists the difference, the experimental result is easily judged, and interesting strong, the demand of physics mechanics experiment has been satisfied simultaneously.
2. By arranging the heat transfer assembly, the heat transfer requirement can be met, and meanwhile, the heat transfer assembly can be conveniently disassembled and assembled, so that the practicability is improved; through setting up heat transfer stick isotructure, can be better and annular inflation bag between carry out heat transfer, set up the storage box of fill type structure, can utilize the inboard inclined plane of fill type structure to lead to the insulation particle when annular inflation bag expands, upwards extrude the insulation particle, promoted the reliability, set up first scale mark, be convenient for observe the insulation particle top surface height, do benefit to the judgement.
3. The friction plate support is arranged on the adjusting seat, and the friction plate support is arranged on the adjusting seat; the second friction plate is in a C-shaped structure matched with the first friction plate, and arc chamfer angles for smooth transition are arranged at the edges of two sides of the second friction plate; if the rotating radius of the first friction plate is too large, when the first friction plate rotates to be in contact with the second friction plate, the cambered chamfers at the edges of the two sides of the second friction plate can guide the first friction plate, so that the friction plate support is extruded towards the inner side of the adjusting seat under the matching of the deformation of the first supporting spring, the rotating radius of the first friction plate is matched with the position of the second friction plate, the first friction plate can smoothly slide through the second friction plate, the clamping condition is avoided, meanwhile, the resilience of the first supporting spring is utilized to increase the friction force, and the friction heating effect is improved; therefore, the act of adjusting the position of the friction plate bracket ultimately has the effect of adjusting the friction force.
4. When a certain first friction plate is not used, a user can adjust the friction plate support into the adjusting seat, so that the corresponding first friction plate is retracted to the rotary drum, the first friction plate is prevented from contacting with the second friction plate when the rotary drum rotates, and the practicability is improved.
5. According to the invention, the rotation driving mechanism is arranged, the traction rope can be repeatedly pulled through the pull rod, and then the rotating wheel is driven to rotate on the outer side of the central rod in a reciprocating manner under the coordination of repeated deformation and resilience of the spiral spring, so that the purpose of rotating the rotating drum in a reciprocating manner is achieved, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate are fully rubbed; through setting up pulley yoke and fixed pulley, can lead to the haulage rope, promoted towed smoothness degree.
6. According to the invention, by arranging the heat insulation assembly, a user can install the heat insulation assembly on the assembly hole and then clamp the heat transfer lead into the inner side of the heat insulation pad, so that the heat insulation effect is achieved, the heat loss in the heat transfer process is reduced, and the practicability is improved.
7. According to the invention, the display screen, the first temperature sensor assembly and the second temperature sensor assembly are arranged, so that the temperature of each second friction plate and the temperature of the heat transfer rod can be displayed, visual observation and judgment are facilitated, and the practicability is improved; and because set up first temperature sensor subassembly and second temperature sensor subassembly respectively in second friction plate one side and heat transfer stick top, can verify the influence of heat preservation subassembly to heat loss in the heat transfer process through the mode of increase and decrease heat preservation subassembly, provide another kind of experimental scheme.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a physical mechanics experiment innovation system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a branch experimental apparatus in a physical mechanics experiment innovation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotation driving mechanism in an innovative system of physical mechanics experiment according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor and a drum in a physical mechanics experiment innovation system according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first friction plate and a friction plate bracket in an innovative system of a physical mechanics experiment provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat transfer assembly in the innovative system of physical mechanics experiment according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of the innovative system for physical mechanics experiments according to the present invention, with the storage case, the annular expansion bladder, and the second heat transfer socket separated;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first friction plate and a friction plate bracket in a system for innovating a physical mechanics experiment according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a branch experimental apparatus in a physical mechanics experiment innovation system provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a first friction plate in an innovative system of a physical mechanical experiment according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an evaluation comparison diagram of the innovative system of physical mechanics experiment in practical application;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of an experimental method of a frictional heat generation experiment based on material/roughness difference in a teaching method of a physical mechanics experiment innovation system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a flow chart of an experimental method of a frictional heat generation experiment based on differences in frictional force magnitude in a teaching method of an innovative system of physical mechanics experiments provided by the present invention;
fig. 14 is a flow chart of an experimental method of a frictional heat generation experiment based on differences in heat transfer effect in a teaching method of an innovative system of a physical mechanics experiment provided by the present invention.
In the figure: 1 experiment table, 2 center frame, 3 pull rod, 4 display screen, 5 center seat, 6 storage box, 7 assembly hole, 8 first friction plate, 9 second temperature sensor component, 10 heat preservation clamping seat, 11 second friction plate, 12 flat spiral spring, 13 first scale line, 14 pulley frame, 15 fixed pulley, 16 traction rope, 17 slide bar, 18 rotary drum, 19 rotary wheel, 20 center rod, 21 first supporting spring, 22 friction plate bracket, 23 adjusting seat, 24 fixing knob, 25 second scale line, 26 first heat transfer socket, 27 first temperature sensor component, 28 first heat transfer plug, 29 heat transfer lead, 30 second heat transfer plug, 31 second heat transfer socket, 32 heat preservation pad, 33 third plug column, 34 first plug column, 35 annular groove, 36 heat transfer rod, 37 annular expansion bag, 38 plug block, 39 slot, 40 second supporting spring, 41 supporting frame, 42 friction plate, 43 friction support, 44, a clamping strip.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present patent, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present patent and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for the convenience of describing the patent and for the simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the patent.
In the description of this patent, it is noted that unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixedly connected, disposed, detachably connected, disposed, or integrally connected and disposed. The specific meaning of the above terms in this patent may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
Example 1:
a physical mechanics experiment innovation system, as shown in FIGS. 1-8, includes a central display device and a plurality of branch experimental devices, the branch experimental devices are circumferentially distributed about the central display device;
wherein, branch experimental apparatus includes:
a central rod 20 is fixed at the center of the top of the experiment table 1;
a rotating drum 18, the rotating drum 18 is rotatably arranged at the outer side of the central rod 20,
the first friction plates 8 are respectively and adjustably mounted on the circumferential outer walls of the first friction plates 8 through a plurality of adjusting assemblies, the first friction plates 8 are of arc-shaped structures, and the materials or the surface roughness of the first friction plates 8 are different;
a rotation driving mechanism for driving the drum 18 to rotate;
the outer wall of the top of the experiment table 1 is provided with a plurality of groups of assembly holes 7, the bottom of the second friction plate 11 is detachably mounted on the assembly holes 7 through first inserting columns 34, the mounting position of the second friction plate 11 is matched with the first friction plate 8, the second friction plate 11 is of a C-shaped structure matched with the first friction plate 8, the edges of two sides of the second friction plate 11 are provided with cambered chamfers for smooth transition, and the materials or the surface roughness of the second friction plates 11 are different;
the bottoms of the second heat transfer sockets 31 are detachably mounted on the assembly holes 7 through second inserting columns; the first heat transfer sockets 26 are arranged on one side of the second friction plate 11, heat transfer is carried out between each second heat transfer socket 31 and each first heat transfer socket 26 through a heat transfer component, an annular groove 35 is formed in each second heat transfer socket 31, and an annular expansion bag 37 is fixed in each annular groove 35;
the storage box 6 is arranged on the outer side of the top of the second heat transfer socket 31, the annular expansion bag 37 is positioned at the bottom of the inner side of the storage box 6, and heat preservation particles are filled in the storage box 6;
by arranging the branch experiment device, the heat preservation particles with the same weight are added into each storage box 6 during the experiment; the user can rotate repeatedly through rotating actuating mechanism control rotary drum 18, and then utilize different first friction plate 8 and second friction plate 11 to rub repeatedly, the heat that the friction process produced transmits annular expansion bag 37 department to second heat transfer socket 31 on through heat transfer unit, annular expansion bag 37 is heated and is expanded in storage box 6 inboard, thereby extrude the heat preservation granule to the outside, the user can judge the size that the gasbag is heated and expands through the height of observing the heat preservation granule top surface, and then judge each first friction plate 8, the thematic effect of friction between the second friction plate 11, the fine show of this mode is different materials, frictional force between the different roughness is different, lead to the condition that the friction themogenesis effect has the difference, the experimental result is easily judged, and is interesting strong, the demand of physics mechanics experiment has been satisfied simultaneously.
To facilitate heat transfer; as shown in fig. 2 and 6, the heat transfer assembly includes:
a first heat transfer plug 28, wherein the first heat transfer plug 28 is detachably plugged into the first heat transfer socket 26;
a second heat transfer pin 30, the second heat transfer pin 30 being detachably inserted into the second heat transfer socket 31;
the heat transfer wire 29, both ends of the heat transfer wire 29 are connected with the first heat transfer plug 28 and the second heat transfer plug 30 integrally respectively;
through setting up heat transfer assembly, can satisfy the heat transfer demand, the dismouting of carrying on that simultaneously can be convenient has promoted the practicality.
In order to improve reliability; as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the storage box 6 is of a bucket-shaped structure, the storage box 6 is made of a transparent material, and the outer wall of the circumference of the storage box 6 is provided with a first scale mark 13; the outer wall of the top of the second heat transfer socket 31 is integrally provided with a heat transfer rod 36, and an annular expansion bag 37 is sleeved outside the heat transfer rod 36;
through setting up 36 isotructures of heat transfer stick, can be better and annular inflation bag 37 between carry out heat transfer, set up storage box 6 of fill type structure, can utilize the inboard inclined plane of fill type structure to lead to the insulation particle when annular inflation bag 37 expands, upwards extrude the insulation particle, promoted the reliability, set up first scale mark 13, be convenient for observe insulation particle top surface height, do benefit to the judgement.
To facilitate adjustment of the position of each first friction plate 8; as shown in fig. 5, the adjusting assembly includes:
one end of the adjusting seat 23 is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotary drum 18;
one end of the friction plate bracket 22 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the adjusting seat 23 in a sliding manner, and a second scale mark 25 is arranged on the friction plate bracket 22;
the fixing knob 24 is connected to the inner wall of the adjusting seat 23 through threads, and is used for fixing the friction plate bracket 22;
one end of the sliding rod 17 is detachably fixed on the outer wall of one side of the first friction plate 8, the sliding rod 17 is connected to the inner wall of the friction plate bracket 22 in a sliding manner, and a first supporting spring 21 is fixed between the other end of the sliding rod 17 and the friction plate bracket 22;
by arranging the friction plate bracket 22, the adjusting seat 23 and other structures, the position of the friction plate bracket 22 on the adjusting seat 23 can be adjusted according to requirements, so that the rotating radius of the first friction plate 8 is changed; the second friction plate 11 is in a C-shaped structure matched with the first friction plate 8, and arc chamfer angles for smooth transition are arranged at the edges of two sides of the second friction plate 11; if the rotating radius of the first friction plate 8 is too large, when the first friction plate 8 rotates to contact with the second friction plate 11, the arc chamfers at the edges of the two sides of the second friction plate 11 can guide the first friction plate 8, so that the friction plate support 22 is extruded towards the inner side of the adjusting seat 23 under the matching of the deformation of the first supporting spring 21, the rotating radius of the first friction plate 8 is matched with the position of the second friction plate 11, the first friction plate 8 can smoothly slide through the second friction plate 11, the clamping condition is avoided, meanwhile, the resilience force of the first supporting spring 21 is utilized to increase the friction force, and the friction heating effect is improved; therefore, the action of adjusting the position of the friction plate holder 22 finally acts to adjust the frictional force;
in addition, when a certain first friction plate 8 is not used, the user can adjust the friction plate support 22 to the inside of the adjusting seat 23, so that the corresponding first friction plate 8 is retracted to the rotary drum 18, the first friction plate 8 is prevented from contacting with the second friction plate 11 when the rotary drum 18 rotates, and the practicability is improved.
To facilitate driving rotation of drum 18; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the rotation driving mechanism includes:
the rotating wheel 19 is fixed at the top end of the rotating drum 18 through screws;
a flat spiral spring 12, one end of the flat spiral spring 12 is fixed at the inner side of the rotating wheel 19, and the other end of the flat spiral spring 12 is fixed at the outer wall of one end of the central rod 20;
the traction rope 16 is wound outside the rotating wheel 19, and one end of the traction rope 16 is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating wheel 19;
the pull rod 3 is fixed at the other end of the traction rope 16;
through setting up rotation drive mechanism, can pull haulage rope 16 through pull rod 3 repeatedly, and then under the cooperation of the repeated deformation of flat spiral spring 12, kick-back, drive runner 19 reciprocating rotation in the well core rod 20 outside to reach the purpose of reciprocating rotation rotary drum 18, so that first friction plate 8 and second friction plate 11 are abundant to rub.
To avoid heat loss; as shown in fig. 2 and 6, a plurality of heat preservation assemblies are detachably mounted on the assembly holes 7 of the experiment table 1, and each heat preservation assembly comprises:
the heat insulation clamping seat 10 is characterized in that a wire groove matched with the heat transfer wire 29 is formed in the inner side of the heat insulation clamping seat 10;
the heat insulation pad 32, the heat insulation pad 32 is adhered to the inner wall of the wire casing of the heat insulation clamping seat 10;
the third inserting columns 33, the third inserting columns 33 are fixed at the bottoms of the two sides of the heat-insulating clamping seat 10, and the heat-insulating clamping seat 10 is detachably installed in the assembling holes 7 through the third inserting columns 33;
through setting up the heat preservation subassembly, the user can with heat preservation subassembly installation on pilot hole 7, go into heat transfer wire 29 card again and fill up 32 inboardly that keeps warm, reach heat retaining effect, reduced the heat loss among the heat transfer process, promoted the practicality.
In order to improve the fluency of traction; as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a pulley frame 14 is detachably mounted at the top of the experiment table 1, two fixed pulleys 15 are rotatably mounted on the pulley frame 14, and a traction rope 16 penetrates between the two fixed pulleys 15;
through setting up pulley yoke 14 and fixed pulley 15, can lead to haulage rope 16, promoted towed smoothness degree.
In order to conveniently and visually display the friction heating and heat transfer effects; as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, a first temperature sensor assembly 27 is arranged on the outer wall of one side of the second friction plate 11, and a second temperature sensor assembly 9 is arranged on the top of the heat transfer rod 36;
the center display device includes:
the center seat 5, the outer wall of the top of the center seat 5 is fixed with a center frame 2;
the display screens 4 are circumferentially distributed and are arranged on the central frame 2, and each group of display screens 4 corresponds to the branch experimental device; each display screen 4 is electrically connected with the first temperature sensor assembly 27 and the second temperature sensor assembly 9 respectively;
by arranging the display screen 4, the first temperature sensor assembly 27 and the second temperature sensor assembly 9, the temperature of each second friction plate 11 and the temperature of the heat transfer rod 36 can be displayed, visual observation and judgment are facilitated, and the practicability is improved; and because the first temperature sensor assembly 27 and the second temperature sensor assembly 9 are respectively arranged on one side of the second friction plate 11 and the top of the heat transfer rod 36, the influence of the heat preservation assembly on the heat loss in the heat transfer process can be verified in a mode of increasing or decreasing the heat preservation assembly, and another experimental scheme is provided.
When the heat preservation particle storage box is used, the heat preservation particles with the same weight are added into each storage box 6 during an experiment; a user can control the rotary drum 18 to rotate repeatedly through the rotation driving mechanism, so that the first friction plate 8 and the second friction plate 11 which are different are used for repeated friction, heat generated in the friction process is transferred to the annular expansion bag 37 on the second heat transfer socket 31 through the heat transfer assembly, the annular expansion bag 37 is heated and expands on the inner side of the storage box 6, so that heat preservation particles are extruded outwards, the user can judge the heated expansion size of the air bag through observing the height of the top surface of the heat preservation particles, and further judge the friction heating effect between the first friction plate 8 and the second friction plate 11, the mode well shows the condition that the friction heating effect is different due to different materials and different roughness, the experiment result is easy to judge, the interestingness is strong, and meanwhile, the requirement of a physical mechanics experiment is met;
in addition, the user can adjust the position of the friction plate bracket 22 on the adjusting seat 23 according to the requirement, so as to change the rotating radius of the first friction plate 8; the second friction plate 11 is in a C-shaped structure matched with the first friction plate 8, and arc chamfer angles for smooth transition are arranged at the edges of two sides of the second friction plate 11; if the rotating radius of the first friction plate 8 is too large, when the first friction plate 8 rotates to contact with the second friction plate 11, the cambered chamfers at the edges of the two sides of the second friction plate 11 can guide the first friction plate 8, so that the friction plate support 22 is extruded towards the inner side of the adjusting seat 23 under the matching of the deformation of the first supporting spring 21, the rotating radius of the first friction plate 8 is matched with the position of the second friction plate 11, the first friction plate 8 can smoothly slide through the second friction plate 11, the clamping phenomenon is avoided, meanwhile, the resilience force of the first supporting spring 21 is utilized to increase the friction force, and the friction heating effect is improved; the effect of adjusting the friction force is finally achieved; in addition, when a certain first friction plate 8 is not used, the user can adjust the friction plate support 22 to the inside of the adjusting seat 23, so that the corresponding first friction plate 8 is retracted to the rotary drum 18, the first friction plate 8 is prevented from contacting with the second friction plate 11 when the rotary drum 18 rotates, and the practicability is improved.
Example 2:
an innovative system of physical mechanics experiment is shown in fig. 8, in order to adjust the supporting effect of the first friction plate 8, the friction force during contact is changed; the present embodiment is modified from embodiment 1 as follows: the outer wall of one side of the second friction plate 11 and the outer wall of one side of the friction plate bracket 22 are provided with adaptive slots 39, and a support component is detachably arranged in each slot 39;
the support assembly includes:
the two insertion blocks 38 are respectively inserted into the first friction plate 8 and the insertion groove 39 of the friction plate bracket 22;
the two ends of the second supporting spring 40 are respectively fixed on the two inserting blocks 38;
by providing the supporting members, the supporting effect on the first friction plate 8 can be changed by additionally installing different numbers of supporting members in the slot 39 of the friction plate holder 22 and the first friction plate 8, so that the reaction force when the first friction plate 8 is pressed toward the rotary drum 18 is changed, and the practicability is improved.
Example 3:
a physical mechanics experiment innovation system, as shown in fig. 9 and fig. 10, in order to save space; the present embodiment is modified from embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 as follows: the experiment tables 1 of the plurality of branch experiment devices are vertically distributed, and the same side of the experiment tables 1 vertically distributed is provided with a support frame 41 for supporting the experiment tables 1;
through setting up the laboratory bench 1 of perpendicular vertical distribution, saving space that can be better has promoted the practicality.
In order to facilitate changing the frictional effect of the first friction plate 8, as shown in fig. 10, the first friction plate 8 includes:
a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in one side of the friction support 43;
the friction plates 42 are different in size, material or roughness, a clamping strip 44 is integrally arranged on the outer wall of one side of each friction plate 42, and the friction plates 42 are detachably clamped in clamping grooves of the friction support 43 through the clamping strips 44;
by providing the friction support 43, the friction plate 42, and the like, different friction plates 42 can be easily attached to and detached from the friction support 43, thereby changing the friction effect of the first friction plate 8.
Example 4:
an experiment method of a physical mechanics experiment innovation system comprises a frictional heat generation experiment based on material/roughness difference, a frictional heat generation experiment based on friction force size difference and a frictional heat generation experiment based on heat transfer effect difference;
the experimental method of the frictional heat generation experiment based on the material/roughness difference comprises the following steps:
s1: mounting the first friction plates 8 of different materials/roughness on the adjusting assembly;
s2: mounting a second friction plate 11 with different materials/roughness on the assembly hole 7;
s3: the effective length of each adjusting component is kept consistent;
s4: connecting the first heat transfer receptacle 26 and the second heat transfer receptacle 31 by a heat transfer assembly;
s5: the rotation of the rotary drum 18 is controlled by a rotation driving mechanism, and the first friction plate 8 is used for rubbing with the second friction plate 11;
s6: observing the height of the top surface of the heat preservation particles in the storage box 6 or observing the indication number of the display screen 4;
s7: and a conclusion is reached.
The experimental method of the frictional heat generation experiment based on the difference of the friction force comprises the following steps:
s11: installing a first friction plate 8 with the same material and roughness on the adjusting component;
s12: mounting a second friction plate 11 with the same material and roughness on the assembly hole 7;
s13: adjusting the effective length of each adjusting component to enable the adjusting components to be in an inconsistent state;
s14: connecting the first heat transfer receptacle 26 and the second heat transfer receptacle 31 by a heat transfer assembly;
s15: the rotation of the rotary drum 18 is controlled by a rotation driving mechanism, and the first friction plate 8 and the second friction plate 11 are used for friction;
s16: observing the height of the top surface of the heat preservation particles in the storage box 6 or observing the indication number of the display screen 4;
s17: and a conclusion is reached.
The experimental method of the frictional heat generation experiment based on the difference of the heat transfer effect comprises the following steps:
s21: installing a first friction plate 8 with the same material and roughness on the adjusting component;
s22: mounting a second friction plate 11 with the same material and roughness on the assembly hole 7;
s23: the effective length of each adjusting component is kept consistent;
s24: connecting the first heat transfer receptacle 26 and the second heat transfer receptacle 31 by a heat transfer assembly;
s25: different numbers of heat preservation assemblies are arranged below the heat transfer assemblies;
s26: the heat transfer wires 29 are clamped into different numbers of heat insulation components;
s27: the rotation of the rotary drum 18 is controlled by a rotation driving mechanism, and the first friction plate 8 and the second friction plate 11 are used for friction;
s28: observing the height of the top surface of the heat preservation particles in the storage box 6 or observing the indication number of the display screen 4;
s29: and a conclusion is reached.
Through this system, can realize the thematic multiple experimental scheme of friction, the practicality is strong.
Experiment one:
in order to verify the application effect of the experimental system, two batches of personnel are respectively selected for teaching, one batch is used as an experimental example, the experimental system is adopted for experimental teaching, the other batch is used as a reference example, the traditional book teaching mode is adopted for teaching, and after a certain time, the two batches of personnel are examined to obtain the following conclusion:
| evaluation | Examples of the experiments | Comparative example |
| Memory evaluation | 95 | 81 |
| Evaluation of memory efficiency | 96 | 82 |
| Evaluation of interest | 98 | 79 |
Therefore, when the experiment system disclosed by the invention is used for experimental teaching, the teaching effect is obviously superior to that of the traditional teaching mode, the interestingness is higher, and the experiment system is more easily accepted.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The experimental method of the innovative system for the physical mechanics experiment is characterized by comprising a frictional heat generation experiment based on material/roughness difference, a frictional heat generation experiment based on friction force size difference and a frictional heat generation experiment based on heat transfer effect difference;
the experimental method of the frictional heat generation experiment based on the material/roughness difference comprises the following steps:
s1: mounting first friction plates (8) of different materials/roughness on the adjusting component;
s2: mounting second friction plates (11) of different materials/roughness on the assembly holes (7);
s3: the effective length of each adjusting component is kept consistent;
s4: connecting a first heat transfer socket (26) and a second heat transfer socket (31) by a heat transfer assembly;
s5: the rotation of the rotary drum (18) is controlled by a rotation driving mechanism, and the first friction plate (8) is rubbed with the second friction plate (11);
s6: observing the height of the top surface of the heat preservation particles in the storage box (6) or observing the display number of the display screen (4);
s7: and a conclusion is reached.
2. The experimental method of a physical mechanical experiment innovation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental method of the frictional heat generation experiment based on the difference of the friction force magnitude comprises the following steps:
s11: a first friction plate (8) with the same material and roughness is arranged on the adjusting component;
s12: mounting a second friction plate (11) with the same material and roughness on the assembly hole (7);
s13: adjusting the effective length of each adjusting component to enable the adjusting components to be in an inconsistent state;
s14: connecting a first heat transfer socket (26) and a second heat transfer socket (31) by a heat transfer assembly;
s15: the rotation of the rotary drum (18) is controlled by a rotation driving mechanism, and the first friction plate (8) is rubbed with the second friction plate (11);
s16: observing the height of the top surface of the heat preservation particles in the storage box (6) or observing the display number of the display screen (4);
s17: and a conclusion is reached.
3. The experimental method of a physical mechanical experiment innovation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the experimental method of the frictional heat generation experiment based on the heat transfer effect difference comprises the following steps:
s21: a first friction plate (8) with the same material and roughness is arranged on the adjusting component;
s22: mounting a second friction plate (11) with the same material and roughness on the assembly hole (7);
s23: the effective length of each adjusting component is kept consistent;
s24: connecting a first heat transfer receptacle (26) and a second heat transfer receptacle (31) by a heat transfer assembly;
s25: different numbers of heat preservation assemblies are arranged below the heat transfer assemblies;
s26: the heat transfer wires (29) are clamped into different numbers of heat insulation components;
s27: the rotation of the rotary drum (18) is controlled by a rotation driving mechanism, and the first friction plate (8) is rubbed with the second friction plate (11);
s28: observing the height of the top surface of the heat preservation particles in the storage box (6) or observing the display number of the display screen (4);
s29: and (5) obtaining a conclusion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210828452.3A CN115100927A (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Experiment method of physical mechanics experiment innovation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210828452.3A CN115100927A (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Experiment method of physical mechanics experiment innovation system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202210828452.3A Pending CN115100927A (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Experiment method of physical mechanics experiment innovation system |
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| Country | Link |
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- 2022-07-13 CN CN202210828452.3A patent/CN115100927A/en active Pending
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