CN115096798A - Local corrosion testing device for submarine pipeline welding joint and local corrosion degree determining method - Google Patents
Local corrosion testing device for submarine pipeline welding joint and local corrosion degree determining method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a local corrosion testing device and a local corrosion degree determining method for a welding joint of a submarine pipeline, wherein the local corrosion testing device for the welding joint of the submarine pipeline comprises an upper container, a lower container, a corrosion ring, a connecting ring and a temperature compensation ring, wherein the corrosion ring is positioned between the upper container and the lower container; the upper container, the corrosion ring, the connecting ring, the temperature compensation ring and the lower container are sequentially connected to form a solution environment container; and a plurality of signal monitoring electrode probes are uniformly arranged on the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring respectively, and the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring are separated into a plurality of subareas with the same number. The invention provides the method for realizing the differential recognition of the axial and circumferential local corrosion depths of the welding joint in space, not only can monitor the local corrosion depth of the welding joint in the current flowing environment in real time, but also finds a quantitative evaluation method of corrosion nonuniformity, analyzes the defects of the welding process in the annular welding process, and guides the optimization of the welding process and predicts the corrosion development trend.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of local corrosion testing, and particularly relates to a local corrosion testing device for a submarine pipeline welding joint and a local corrosion degree determining method.
Background
The submarine pipeline is a life line for gathering and transporting marine oil and gas, and has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation and safety as the most important marine oil and gas transportation mode. With the wide use of marine steel pipelines, the problem of pipeline failure becomes more prominent, which seriously affects economic and social activities and even threatens human life and property safety. In order to realize the long-distance transportation of ocean oil gas, welding becomes the most common and most economical connection mode of long-distance gathering and transportation pipelines. In long distance gathering pipelines, there is one welded joint every 12 m. The structural change and defects in the welded joint can seriously affect the overall strength and corrosion resistance of the pipeline and even threaten the safe operation of the pipeline.
The problem of local corrosion of a welding area of a submarine pipeline is complex, basic corrosion information of the welding area, such as corrosion rates of different areas of the welding area and the like, can be obtained by a traditional electrochemical method or a resistance probe method, but the corrosion depth distribution and the corrosion change rule of the whole welding part cannot be obtained generally. In addition, a resistance probe is arranged near a pipeline welding area to obtain the corrosion depth of the position, but the method cannot fully consider local corrosion of the welding area, and the monitoring result is always conservative.
Therefore, it is very important to design a local corrosion testing device for a welding joint of a submarine pipeline and provide a local corrosion evaluation method for the welding joint of the submarine pipeline.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a local corrosion testing device for a welded joint of a submarine pipeline, which is used for overcoming the defects in the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a submarine pipeline welded joint local corrosion testing arrangement which characterized in that: the local corrosion testing device for the welding joint of the submarine pipeline comprises an upper container, a lower container, a corrosion ring, a connecting ring and a temperature compensation ring, wherein the corrosion ring is positioned between the upper container and the lower container;
the upper container, the corrosion ring, the connecting ring, the temperature compensation ring and the lower container are sequentially connected to form a solution environment container;
and a plurality of signal monitoring electrode probes are uniformly arranged on the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring respectively, and the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring are separated into a plurality of subareas with the same number.
The corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring are respectively formed by processing welded joints after welding. And respectively machining a base metal area corrosion ring, a base metal area temperature compensation ring, a heat affected area corrosion ring, a heat affected area temperature compensation ring, a welding seam area corrosion ring and a welding seam area temperature compensation ring in a convex shape for a base metal area, a temperature compensation area and a welding seam area of the welding joint. The axial separation identification of local corrosion of the welding joint can be realized by respectively processing annular measuring elements in the three welding areas.
While adopting the technical scheme, the invention can also adopt or combine the following technical scheme:
as a preferred technical scheme of the invention: and a stirring device is arranged in the solution environment container and is used for creating a flowing medium environment.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the stirring device comprises a stirring paddle and a stirring connecting rod connected with the stirring paddle, and the stirring connecting rod is connected with the stirring controller. And converting the rotating speed of the stirrer according to the medium flow in the pipeline to create a flowing medium environment.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the device for testing the local corrosion of the welding joint of the submarine pipeline further comprises a fixed frame, and the fixed frame is used for abutting against the upper end of the upper container and abutting against the lower end of the lower container.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the fixing frame comprises an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a connecting screw rod and a connecting screw cap, wherein the connecting screw rod and the connecting screw cap are used for connecting the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the connecting screw rod and the connecting screw cap form fastening for the solution environment container.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the connection positions of the upper container, the corrosion ring, the connecting ring, the temperature compensation ring and the lower container are sealed by O-rings.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the upper end and the lower end of the connecting ring are provided with step parts, the lower end face of the corrosion ring and the upper end face of the temperature compensation ring are provided with concave surfaces, and the concave surface of the lower end face of the corrosion ring and the concave surface of the upper end face of the temperature compensation ring respectively accommodate the step parts of the connecting ring to form pairwise sealing.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the temperature compensation ring is subjected to insulation anticorrosion treatment by chromium oxide or aluminum oxide plasma spraying so as to prevent the temperature compensation ring from being corroded by corrosive media. The inner surface of the corrosion ring is exposed and is used for contacting a corrosion medium to monitor corrosion, and other surfaces are subjected to chromium oxide or aluminum oxide plasma spraying. The corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring are connected through a connecting ring, and all surfaces of the connecting ring are subjected to chromium oxide or aluminum oxide plasma spraying.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the upper container and the lower container are insulated and isolated by a chromium oxide or aluminum oxide insulating anticorrosive coating.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for determining the local corrosion level of a welded subsea pipeline joint that addresses the deficiencies in the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for determining the local corrosion degree of a submarine pipeline welding joint is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for determining the local corrosion degree is based on the device for testing the local corrosion of the welding joint of the submarine pipeline, and comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting and processing a corrosion ring and a temperature compensation ring of the same welding area in the welding joint of the submarine pipeline to form a measurement group, wherein the welding area comprises: a base material area, a heat affected area and a welding seam area;
s2, performing local corrosion test on the welding joint based on a six-partition micro-resistance measurement principle, equally dividing a corrosion ring and a temperature compensation ring in the same welding area into 6 partitions, and uniformly distributing 12 signal monitoring electrode probes on the outer side of the ring;
s3, sequentially leading three external exciting currents into the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring which are connected in series through a constant current source, and measuring voltage data of each subarea through a high-precision voltmeter to realize non-uniform corrosion monitoring of six circumferential subareas in each welding area; wherein, the corrosion depth of each subarea of the welding area can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, k i0 Representing the initial resistance ratio, k, between the same sections of the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring i Representing the resistance ratio between the same subareas on the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring after corrosion occurs, wherein a, b, c and h are the geometrical sizes of the sections of the corrosion ring or the temperature compensation ring;
s4, respectively calculating the average value of the corrosion rates of the six subareas in the homogeneous area based on the corrosion depth result of each subarea, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, v i Is the corrosion rate of a certain subarea in unit time, deltax is the corrosion depth change value of a certain subarea in unit time, deltat is the unit time length,
average of six zoned erosion rates in a homogeneous zone, v i Corrosion rate, σ, for any zone v Standard deviation of six zonal corrosion rates;
thus, the discrete intervals of corrosion rates for six regions within a homogeneous region can be calculated by:
in the formula, v upper Upper limit of discrete interval of corrosion rate, v lower Is the lower limit of the discrete interval of the corrosion rate; the calculation formula of the coefficient of dispersion (CV) is as follows:
s5, local corrosion evaluation of the submarine pipeline welding joint in the current flowing corrosive environment can be carried out based on calculation of six-partition discrete intervals of all areas of the welding joint and calculation of discrete coefficients of all welding areas;
the larger the discrete section is, the more uneven the circumferential corrosion of the welding region is presumed to be, and the partition with the largest discrete section is likely to become a circumferential local stress concentration region;
the larger the dispersion coefficient, the more uneven the corrosion in the axial direction of the weld zone is presumed, and the greater the probability of corrosion penetration and destruction of the tube wall in the weld zone.
The invention provides a device for testing local corrosion of a welding joint of a submarine pipeline and a method for determining local corrosion degree, which are used for realizing differential recognition of axial and circumferential local corrosion depths of the welding joint in space, can monitor the local corrosion depth of the welding joint in the current flowing environment in real time, find a quantitative evaluation method of corrosion nonuniformity, analyze the defects of a welding process in the annular welding process and guide optimization of the welding process and prediction of the corrosion development trend. The device and the method provided by the invention can be used for mastering the corrosion resistance of the welding joint of the submarine pipeline and evaluating the local corrosion characteristic, and have guiding significance for process optimization and service life prediction of the welding joint of the submarine pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a local corrosion testing apparatus for a welded joint of a submarine pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal view of a device for testing local corrosion of a welded joint of a submarine pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a localized corrosion measurement element process source;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a local corrosion measuring cell;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the connection of the corrosion ring, the connection ring, and the temperature compensation ring;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a localized corrosion measurement circuit;
FIG. 7 is a graph of corrosion depth of a weld joint in a certain solution environment;
FIG. 8 is a graph of discrete intervals of corrosion rates of a weld joint in a solution environment;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the corrosion rate dispersion coefficient of a weld joint in a certain solution environment;
in the figure: 1-corrosion ring; 2-temperature compensation ring; 3-connecting rings; 4-upper container; 5-lower container; 6-upper end cover; 7-lower end cap; 8-stirring connecting rod; 9-stirring blades; 10-fastening a screw; 11-a fastening nut; 12-a signal monitoring electrode probe; 13-O-shaped ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials described therein are commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a local corrosion testing device for a welded joint of a submarine pipeline provided by the present invention; FIG. 2 is an internal view of a device for testing local corrosion of a welded joint of a submarine pipeline according to the present invention; the testing device in the figure comprises a corrosion ring 1, a temperature compensation ring 2, a connecting ring 3, an upper container 4, a lower container 5, an upper end cover 6, a lower end cover 7, a stirring connecting rod 8, a stirring blade 9, a fastening screw rod 10 and a fastening nut 11.
As shown in FIG. 3, corrosion ring 1 and temperature compensation ring 2 are machined from an eight inch subsea pipe weld joint, in this example the pipe parent metal is X65 pipeline steel and the weld material is E7010 electrode. Each group of corrosion rings 1 and temperature compensation rings 2 are cut from a base metal ring, or a temperature compensation ring, or a welding seam ring under the same welding process. In order to achieve a fixed connection of the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring, the ring assembly is machined in the cross section shown in fig. 4, and the connection is made in the form shown in fig. 5, wherein the radial movement of the measuring element is limited by the "convex" form, wherein the shoulder acts as a structural strength support for the measuring element, and the wall of the platform is sealed with the connection ring 3 by the O-ring 13.
The connecting ring 3, the upper container 4 and the lower container 5 do not participate in corrosion reaction, and the materials are selected to meet the connection strength, in this embodiment, X65 pipeline steel is selected. Wherein, the temperature compensation ring is subjected to insulation and corrosion prevention treatment by aluminum oxide plasma spraying to prevent the temperature compensation ring from being corroded by corrosive media. The inner surface of the corrosion ring is exposed and is used for contacting a corrosion medium to monitor corrosion, and the other surfaces are subjected to aluminum oxide plasma spraying. And the adjacent upper container, the corrosion ring, the connecting ring, the temperature compensation ring and the lower container are sealed at the end face by adopting an O-shaped ring made of nitrile rubber. And all measuring elements and connecting elements are fastened by adopting a high-strength fastening screw rod and a fastening nut through an upper end cover and a lower end cover which are made of polytetrafluoroethylene materials.
After the welding joint local corrosion testing device is assembled, corrosive solution is added into the welding joint local corrosion testing device, and the solution is selected according to transport media in an actual pipeline so as to simulate the corrosion process of the welding joint of the submarine pipeline. In order to create a flowing environment, the stirring blades are immersed into the solution through the stainless steel stirring connecting rod, and the rotating speed is controlled through the external stirrer, so that different wall surface flow rates are realized.
The local corrosion test of the welding joint is based on a six-subarea micro-resistance measurement principle, as shown in fig. 6, a corrosion ring and a temperature compensation ring in the same welding area are equally divided into 6 subareas, and 12 signal monitoring electrode probes 12 are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the ring. Three external exciting currents are sequentially led into the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring which are connected in series through the constant current source, and the voltage data of each subarea is measured through the high-precision voltmeter, so that the non-uniform corrosion monitoring of six circumferential subareas in each welding area is realized. Wherein, the corrosion depth of each subarea of the welding area can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, k i0 Representing the initial resistance ratio, k, between the same sections of the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring i Representing the resistance ratio between the same sections of the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring after corrosion occurs, and a, b, c and h are the cross-sectional geometric dimensions of the corrosion ring or the temperature compensation ring.
The application effect and the evaluation process of the welding joint local corrosion testing device are described through the concrete implementation process. According to the six-subarea micro-resistance measurement principle, a local corrosion behavior test of the welded joint in a flowing sodium chloride solution with 3.5 percent of mass fraction is designed, wherein the pH value of the solution is 4, and the wall surface flow velocity is 0.3 m/s. The local corrosion depth measurement result of the six circumferential subareas of the parent metal area after 8-day test is shown in fig. 7, the corrosion depth of three subareas (subarea two, subarea three and subarea four) positioned at the lower half part of the pipeline is greater than that of three subareas at the upper half part of the pipeline, and the corrosion depth of the subarea three is the largest. For the corrosion ring of the base material area, the corrosion depth of the subarea III is the largest; the corrosion degree of the second partition and the fourth partition is similar; the corrosion degree of the first subarea and the fifth subarea is similar, and the corrosion depth is the minimum in all the submerged subareas. The final etching depths of the first partition to the sixth partition of the base material area etching ring are 18.4 μm, 24.8 μm, 28.5 μm, 22.9 μm, 18.8 μm and 21.9 μm, respectively, by the end of the test.
Based on the corrosion depth result of each subarea, the average value of the corrosion rates of the six subareas in the homogeneous area is respectively calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, v i Is the corrosion rate of a certain subarea in unit time, deltax is the corrosion depth change value of a certain subarea in unit time, deltat is the unit time length,
average of six zoned erosion rates in a homogeneous zone, v i For the corrosion rate of any partition, σ v Standard deviation of six zonal corrosion rates;
thus, the discrete intervals of corrosion rates for six regions within a homogeneous region can be calculated by:
in the formula, v upper Upper limit of discrete interval of corrosion rate, v lower Is the lower limit of the discrete interval of the corrosion rate; dispersingThe Coefficient (CV) is calculated as follows:
FIG. 8 is a graph showing a discrete interval of corrosion rates in the base material region of a weld joint, and the larger the discrete interval, the more uneven the corrosion in the circumferential direction in the base material region is. When the pH value of the medium is 4, the discrete interval of the parent metal area is increased along with the progress of the experiment, which shows that the difference of circumferential corrosion is increased, and if the discrete interval is too large, the wall thickness loss of the area is possibly caused to be serious, the local stress enhancement can be caused, and the damage of the pipeline structure is accelerated. If the observation of the galvanic corrosion among the regions of the welding joint is further combined, the non-uniformity monitoring of the galvanic corrosion among the axial heterogeneous regions and the local corrosion in the circumferential homogeneous region of the welding joint can be evaluated, and the region or the subarea in which the local corrosion is concentrated in the welding joint is judged.
FIG. 9 is a graph of corrosion rate dispersion coefficients for a base material region of a weld joint. As can be seen from fig. 8, although the discrete interval of the parent material region is increased with time, the dispersion coefficient is substantially stabilized at 0.15 to 0.20, which indicates that the non-uniformity of the internal corrosion is not strong and the probability of local stress concentration is small although the wall thickness of the parent material region is decreased, and the overall structural strength of the pipe needs to be focused.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a submarine pipeline welded joint local corrosion testing arrangement which characterized in that: the local corrosion testing device for the submarine pipeline welding joint comprises an upper container, a lower container, a corrosion ring, a connecting ring and a temperature compensation ring, wherein the corrosion ring is positioned between the upper container and the lower container;
the upper container, the corrosion ring, the connecting ring, the temperature compensation ring and the lower container are sequentially connected to form a solution environment container;
the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring are respectively and uniformly provided with a plurality of signal monitoring electrode probes, and the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring are separated into a plurality of subareas with the same number.
2. The subsea pipeline welded joint localized corrosion test device of claim 1, wherein: and a stirring device is arranged in the solution environment container and is used for creating a flowing medium environment.
3. The subsea pipeline welded joint localized corrosion test device of claim 2, wherein: the stirring device comprises a stirring paddle and a stirring connecting rod connected with the stirring paddle, and the stirring connecting rod is connected with the stirring controller.
4. The subsea pipeline welded joint localized corrosion test device of claim 1, wherein: the device for testing the local corrosion of the welding joint of the submarine pipeline further comprises a fixed frame, and the fixed frame is used for abutting against the upper end of the upper container and abutting against the lower end of the lower container.
5. The subsea pipeline welded joint localized corrosion test device of claim 4, wherein: the fixing frame comprises an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a connecting screw rod and a connecting screw cap, wherein the connecting screw rod and the connecting screw cap are used for connecting the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the connecting screw rod and the connecting screw cap form fastening of the solution environment container.
6. The subsea pipeline welded joint localized corrosion test device of claim 1, wherein: the connection positions of the upper container, the corrosion ring, the connecting ring, the temperature compensation ring and the lower container are sealed by O-rings.
7. The subsea pipeline welded joint localized corrosion test device of claim 1, wherein: the upper end and the lower end of the connecting ring are provided with step parts, the lower end face of the corrosion ring and the upper end face of the temperature compensation ring are provided with concave surfaces, and the concave surface of the lower end face of the corrosion ring and the concave surface of the upper end face of the temperature compensation ring respectively accommodate the step parts of the connecting ring to form pairwise sealing.
8. A method for determining the local corrosion degree of a submarine pipeline welding joint is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for determining the local corrosion degree is based on the local corrosion testing device for the submarine pipeline welding joint as claimed in claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting and processing a corrosion ring and a temperature compensation ring of the same welding area in the welding joint of the submarine pipeline to form a measurement group, wherein the welding area comprises: a base material area, a heat affected area and a welding seam area;
s2, performing local corrosion test on the welding joint based on a six-partition micro-resistance measurement principle, dividing a corrosion ring and a temperature compensation ring in the same welding area into 6 partitions, and uniformly distributing 12 signal monitoring electrode probes outside the rings;
s3, sequentially introducing three external excitation currents into the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring which are connected in series through a constant current source, and measuring voltage data of each subarea through a high-precision voltmeter to realize non-uniform corrosion monitoring of six circumferential subareas in each welding area; wherein, the corrosion depth of each subarea of the welding area can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, k i0 Representing the initial resistance ratio, k, between the same sections of the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring i Representing the resistance ratio between the same subareas on the corrosion ring and the temperature compensation ring after corrosion occurs, wherein a, b, c and h are the geometrical sizes of the sections of the corrosion ring or the temperature compensation ring;
s4, respectively calculating the average value of the corrosion rates of the six subareas in the homogeneous area based on the corrosion depth result of each subarea, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, v i Is the corrosion rate of a certain subarea in unit time, deltax is the corrosion depth change value of a certain subarea in unit time, deltat is the unit time length,
is the average of the corrosion rates of six zones in a homogeneous region, v i Corrosion rate, σ, for any zone v Standard deviation of six zonal corrosion rates;
thus, the discrete intervals of corrosion rates for six regions within a homogeneous region can be calculated by:
in the formula, v upper Upper limit of discrete interval of corrosion rate, v lower Is the lower limit of the discrete interval of the corrosion rate; the Coefficient of Variance (CV) is calculated as follows:
s5, local corrosion evaluation of the submarine pipeline welding joint in the current flowing corrosive environment can be carried out based on calculation of six-partition discrete intervals of all areas of the welding joint and calculation of discrete coefficients of all welding areas;
the larger the discrete section is, the more uneven the circumferential corrosion of the welding region is presumed to be, and the partition with the largest discrete section is likely to become a circumferential local stress concentration region;
the larger the dispersion coefficient, the more uneven the corrosion in the axial direction of the weld zone is presumed, and the greater the probability of corrosion penetration and destruction of the tube wall in the weld zone.
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| CN202210680923.0A CN115096798A (en) | 2022-06-15 | 2022-06-15 | Local corrosion testing device for submarine pipeline welding joint and local corrosion degree determining method |
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| CN202210680923.0A CN115096798A (en) | 2022-06-15 | 2022-06-15 | Local corrosion testing device for submarine pipeline welding joint and local corrosion degree determining method |
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