CN115096538B - Pulse discharge ignition system for coaxial cylindrical deflagration driving device - Google Patents
Pulse discharge ignition system for coaxial cylindrical deflagration driving device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115096538B CN115096538B CN202210908560.1A CN202210908560A CN115096538B CN 115096538 B CN115096538 B CN 115096538B CN 202210908560 A CN202210908560 A CN 202210908560A CN 115096538 B CN115096538 B CN 115096538B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device, which comprises a delay pulse generator, an ignition circuit relay, an unloading circuit relay, an ignition wire, a high-voltage capacitor and a power frequency withstand voltage test device, wherein the delay pulse generator is connected with the ignition circuit relay; the high-voltage capacitor anode, the ignition circuit relay, the ignition wire and the high-voltage capacitor cathode form an ignition loop, the high-voltage capacitor anode, the unloading circuit relay and the high-voltage capacitor cathode form an unloading loop, and the ignition loop is connected with the unloading loop in parallel; the ignition circuit relay and the unloading circuit relay are respectively and electrically connected with the delay pulse generator; the power frequency withstand voltage test device is electrically connected with the high-voltage capacitor. The invention can realize the ignition mode of the deflagration driving technology, namely high-voltage discharge with the duration of millisecond magnitude, after the high-voltage discharge lasts for a preset time, the unloading circuit is utilized to make the anode and the cathode of the high-voltage capacitor short-circuit, so that the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is reduced to a very low value in millisecond magnitude, and the voltage at the two ends of the ignition wire is insufficient to cause breakdown.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of experimental researches of high-temperature high-speed gas dynamics, high-speed aircrafts and the like, in particular to a pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device.
Background
The shock tube/wind tunnel is experimental equipment widely used in the fields of high-temperature high-speed aerodynamics, high-speed aircrafts and the like, and the basic principle is as follows: the high-pressure driving gas compresses the low-pressure test gas through shock waves to achieve the required test state. As shown in fig. 1, a typical shock tube/wind tunnel includes a drive section 1', a driven section 2', a nozzle 3', and a test section 4'; before the test, the driving section 1' and the driven section 2' are separated by a diaphragm 5', high-pressure driving gas is filled in the driving section 1', and low-pressure test gas is filled in the driven section 2 '; during the test, the diaphragm 5' breaks, high-pressure gas expands and enters the driven section 2', and simultaneously a fast-moving shock wave is generated in the driven section 2 '; if the test is directly carried out by adopting the excited gas, the equipment operates in a shock tube mode; if the test is carried out by using the test gas accelerated by the spray pipe 3', the device operates in a shock tunnel mode.
The total temperature and total pressure range of the test gas are main indexes for measuring the capacity of the equipment, and the total temperature and the total pressure range depend on the driving capacity of the high-pressure driving gas. The normal temperature and high pressure gas cannot meet the increasingly severe test requirements, and three high-performance driving technologies have been developed at home and abroad for this reason: piston drive, heated light gas drive, and detonation drive. The detonation driving technology has the characteristics of low cost, simple structure, safety and the like, and is the main stream technology in China at present.
Detonation driven shock tubes were first proposed by Bird in 1957. Mr Hongru of institute of science and technology of China built a detonation drive shock tube 13.3m long in 1981 and put into practical use in 1983. JF-10 detonation-driven high enthalpy shock tunnel was developed in 1994 by the institute of science and mechanics of china [ see Hongru, zhwei, yuan Sheng science, performance-aerodynamics test and measurement control of the oxyhydrogen detonation-driven shock tunnel, 1993,7 (3): 38-42 ]. Gronig et al, 1993, built a high enthalpy shock tunnel (TH 2-D) using reverse detonation drive at the university of the Adjacent industries, germany, with the aid of Mr. Hongru. In 1994, NASA modified the original free piston drive design, built in GASL to build a forward detonation drive high enthalpy Shock tunnel (HYPULSE) that can operate in both a reflected Shock tunnel Mode and an Expansion tube Mode [ see Chue RSM, tsai C-Y, bakos RJ, erdos JI, rogers RC (2002) NASA's HYPULSE Facility at GASL-a Dual Mode, dual Driver Reflected-Shock/Expansion tunnel. In: luF, marren D (eds), advanced Hypersonic Test Facilities, progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, vol.198, AIAA, chapter3, pp 29-71).
Detonation drive requires forming detonation waves propagating along the axial direction in a drive section, and the uneven flow field after detonation causes the following problems in the drive technology: first, the range of the gas mixing ratio of the detonation is much narrower than the range of the detonation, and the temperature and sound speed range of the driving gas are correspondingly narrower, so that the total temperature range of the test gas which can be provided by the detonation driving is limited; second, the detonation drive provides an effective drive pressure that does not exceed 40% of the device pressure limit, limiting the total pressure range of the test gas.
The detonation driving method has the advantages that the problems are solved, the coaxial cylindrical detonation driving technology is required to be introduced, but the coaxial cylindrical detonation driving technology needs to be respectively connected with high-voltage electrodes at two ends of a driving section, an ignition wire is arranged between the two high-voltage electrodes along the axial center line direction of the driving section, and a discharge system is utilized to supply power to the ignition wire, wherein a required high-voltage pulse power supply takes high-voltage capacitance as an energy storage element, the time required for completely releasing charges in the high-voltage capacitance is longer than the combustion duration (10 ms magnitude), a great amount of ions and water are contained in a combustion product, and breakdown is easy to occur. To ensure equipment and personnel safety, the energization duration needs to be controlled on the order of milliseconds.
The prior document 1 (CN 113483982 a) discloses a biological shock tube experimental system for simulating different scenes, which comprises a gas distribution system, an ignition system, a shock tube system and a data acquisition system, wherein the ignition system comprises a trigger, a separation switch, a high-voltage capacitor bank, a high-voltage power supply and an igniter, the high-voltage power supply is connected with the high-voltage capacitor bank, the high-voltage capacitor bank is connected with the igniter, and each valve connected with a detonation tube is closed before ignition.
Prior document 2 (CN 102407947 a) discloses a shock tunnel detonation dual drive device comprising: the device comprises a shock tunnel, a detonation driving section, a detonation unloading section, a driven section and a control section, wherein the shock tunnel is provided with the detonation driving section; a first diaphragm is arranged between the explosion unloading section and the detonation driving section, and a second diaphragm is arranged between the driven section and the detonation driving section; a forward detonation driving ignition device is arranged on a section of the detonation driving section, which is close to the explosion unloading section, and a reverse detonation driving ignition device is arranged on a section of the detonation driving section, which is close to the driven section; a controllable delay trigger device is connected between the forward detonation driving ignition device and the reverse detonation driving ignition device, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) A forward detonation ignition device is arranged at one end of the shock tunnel detonation driving section, which is close to the detonation unloading section, and a reverse detonation driving ignition device is arranged at one end of the detonation driving section, which is close to the driven section; 2) Igniting through a forward detonation ignition device to form forward driving detonation waves; 3) When the forward detonation wave propagates along the detonation driving section for a preset time, the ignition device is driven by the reverse detonation to ignite, so that the reverse driving detonation wave is formed; 4) The reverse driving detonation wave tears a diaphragm arranged between the driven section and the detonation driving section, and the forward detonation wave and the reverse detonation wave are intersected to form a motion shock wave which enters the driven section to compress test gas of the driven section.
In order to overcome the above-described problems of detonation drive, the present invention proposes a pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylindrical detonation drive device, and the pulse discharge ignition system for the coaxial cylindrical detonation drive device is not easily conceived by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device, which comprises a time delay pulse generator, an ignition circuit relay, an unloading circuit relay, an ignition wire, a high-voltage capacitor and a power frequency withstand voltage test device;
the high-voltage capacitor anode, the ignition circuit relay, the ignition wire and the high-voltage capacitor cathode form an ignition loop, the high-voltage capacitor anode, the unloading circuit relay and the high-voltage capacitor cathode form an unloading loop, the ignition loop is connected with the unloading loop in parallel, and the high-voltage capacitor is used for storing high-voltage electricity and discharging the high-voltage electricity to the ignition wire;
the ignition circuit relay and the unloading circuit relay are respectively and electrically connected with the delay pulse generator;
the power frequency withstand voltage test device is electrically connected with the high-voltage capacitor, and the power frequency withstand voltage test device is used for charging the high-voltage capacitor.
Optionally, the ignition wire is made of metal.
Optionally, the metal material is any one of copper, silver, nickel chromium, tungsten and alloy.
Alternatively, the delay pulse generator employs a DG535 four-channel digital delay pulse generator.
Optionally, the ignition circuit relay and the unloading circuit relay are both JPK-58A inflatable high-voltage relays.
Optionally, the high-voltage capacitor adopts a DAWNCAPDTH-20000 high-voltage pulse capacitor.
Compared with the prior art, the pulse discharge ignition system for the coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device provided by the invention has the advantages that at least the following beneficial effects are realized:
according to the embodiment, an ignition circuit relay, the ignition wire and the high-voltage capacitor are connected in series to form an ignition loop, the high-voltage capacitor and the unloading circuit relay are connected in series to form an unloading circuit, the ignition loop is connected in parallel with the unloading loop, the ignition circuit relay and the unloading circuit relay are respectively and electrically connected with the delay pulse generator, an ignition mode of a deflagration driving technology, namely high-voltage discharge with the duration of millisecond magnitude can be realized, after the high-voltage discharge lasts for a preset time, the anode and the cathode of the high-voltage capacitor are short-circuited by the unloading circuit, and the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is reduced to a very low value in millisecond time, so that the voltage at two ends of the ignition wire is insufficient to cause breakdown.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product embodying the invention to achieve all of the technical effects described above at the same time.
Other features of the present invention and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a shock tube/wind tunnel configuration as provided in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylinder deflagration actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coaxial cylinder deflagration driving device for shock tubes/tunnels according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the pulse discharge ignition system for the in-line cylinder deflagration actuator of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a logic block diagram of a pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylinder deflagration drive, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a shock tube/wind tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylinder deflagration actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention; referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylindrical surface detonation driving device, which comprises a time delay pulse generator 100, an ignition circuit relay 720, an unloading circuit relay 730, an ignition wire 13, a high-voltage capacitor 71 and a power frequency withstand voltage test device 200;
the positive electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the ignition circuit relay 720, the ignition wire 13 and the negative electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71 form an ignition circuit, the positive electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the unloading circuit relay 730 and the negative electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71 form an unloading circuit, the ignition circuit is connected with the unloading circuit in parallel, and the high-voltage capacitor 71 is used for storing high voltage and discharging the high voltage to the ignition wire 13;
the ignition circuit relay 720 and the unloading circuit relay 730 are electrically connected with the delay pulse generator 100, respectively;
the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is electrically connected to the high voltage capacitor 71, and the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is used for charging the high voltage capacitor 71.
Specifically, the pulse discharge ignition system for the coaxial cylindrical surface detonation driving device comprises a delay pulse generator 100, an ignition circuit relay 720, an unloading circuit relay 730, an ignition wire 13, a high-voltage capacitor 71 and a power frequency withstand voltage test device 200, wherein the delay pulse generator 100 can adopt a DG535 four-channel digital delay pulse generator 100, and the DG535 four-channel digital delay pulse generator 100 provides four independent delay channels and 2 complete pulse outputs. The delay resolution is up to 5ps, and the jitter between channels is less than 50ps; the ignition circuit relay 720 and the unloading circuit relay 730 can adopt JPK-58A inflatable high-voltage relays, and the JPK-58A inflatable high-voltage relays are simple in wiring mode and can replace coils, so that the functions of products are diversified; the high-voltage capacitor 71 can adopt DAWNCAPDTH-20000 high-voltage pulse capacitors, the DAWNCAPDTH-20000 high-voltage pulse capacitors can generate 20000V high voltage, and the DAWNCAPDTH-20000 high-voltage pulse capacitors can bear large current and high voltage; low loss and high stability; the ignition wire 13 may be any one of copper, silver, nickel chromium, tungsten and an alloy, so long as it is conductive; of course, the types of the delay pulse generator 100, the ignition circuit relay 720, the unloading circuit relay 730, the high-voltage capacitor 71 and the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 can be appropriately adjusted according to actual situations.
The positive electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the ignition circuit relay 720, the ignition wire 13 and the negative electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71 form an ignition loop, namely the ignition circuit relay 720, the ignition wire 13 and the high-voltage capacitor 71 are connected in series to form the ignition loop; the positive electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the unloading circuit relay 730 and the negative electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71 form an unloading circuit, namely the high-voltage capacitor 71 and the unloading circuit relay 730 are connected in series to form an unloading circuit, the ignition circuit is connected with the unloading circuit in parallel, and the high-voltage capacitor 71 is used for storing high-voltage electricity and discharging the high-voltage electricity to the ignition wire 13;
the ignition circuit relay 720 and the unloading circuit relay 730 are respectively and electrically connected with the time delay pulse generator 100, and two paths of output signals of the time delay pulse generator 100 respectively control the opening and closing of the ignition circuit relay 720 and the unloading circuit relay 730;
the industrial frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is electrically connected with the high-voltage capacitor 71, the industrial frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is used for charging the high-voltage capacitor 71, and the industrial frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is a commercial product and can be purchased in the market.
The specific principle is as follows: when the pulse discharge ignition system for the coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device operates, the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is firstly used for charging the high-voltage capacitor 71 to the voltage required by the experiment, and then the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is disconnected with the high-voltage capacitor 71; the delay pulse generator 100 outputs a high level to the ignition circuit relay 720 at first, drives the ignition circuit relay 720 to be closed, and enables an ignition loop to be conducted, and the ignition wire 13 is electrified and heated; after a predetermined time, the delay pulse generator 100 outputs a high level to the unloading circuit relay 730, drives the unloading circuit relay 730 to be closed, and makes the unloading circuit also turned on, at this time, the positive and negative poles of the high voltage capacitor 71 are short-circuited, and the voltage of the high voltage capacitor 71 falls to a very low value in millisecond-level time, at this time, the voltage of the positive pole of the ignition wire is insufficient to break down the combustion products, wherein the predetermined time is 5-30 milliseconds.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the pulse discharge ignition system for the coaxial cylindrical surface detonation driving device provided in this embodiment at least achieves the following beneficial effects:
in this embodiment, the ignition circuit relay 720, the ignition wire 13 and the high-voltage capacitor 71 are connected in series to form an ignition loop, the high-voltage capacitor 71 and the unloading circuit relay 730 are connected in series to form an unloading circuit, the ignition loop is connected in parallel with the unloading loop, the ignition circuit relay and the unloading circuit relay are respectively electrically connected with the delay pulse generator, so that the ignition mode of the deflagration driving technology, that is, the high-voltage discharge with the duration of millisecond magnitude can be realized, after the duration of a preset time, the anode and the cathode of the high-voltage capacitor are shorted by the unloading circuit, so that the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is reduced to a very low value in millisecond magnitude, and the voltage at two ends of the ignition wire is insufficient to cause breakdown.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coaxial cylinder deflagration driving device for shock tubes/tunnels according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of the pulse discharge ignition system of FIG. 3; fig. 6 is a logic block diagram of a pulse discharge ignition system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3-6, the present embodiment provides a coaxial cylindrical detonation driving device for a shock tube/wind tunnel, which includes a detonation driving segment 1, a driven segment 2, a diaphragm 5 for separating the detonation driving segment 1 and the driven segment 2, a blind plate 14, and a pulse discharge ignition system 7, wherein one end of the detonation driving segment 1 is communicated with the driven segment 2, and the other end is connected with the blind plate 14;
the detonation driving segment 1 is a straight pipe with a uniform cross section, a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 which extend along a radial direction Y are inserted on the detonation driving segment 1, the first electrode 11 is positioned on one side of the detonation driving segment close to the blind plate 14, the second electrode 12 is positioned on one side of the detonation driving segment 1 close to the driven segment 2, an ignition wire 13 which extends along an axial direction X is electrically connected between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, the axial direction X is the direction from the detonation driving segment 1 to the axial center line of the driven segment 2, and the radial direction Y is intersected with the axial direction X;
in the axial direction X, the length between the first electrode 11 and the blind plate 14 is L1, the length between the second electrode 12 and the diaphragm 5 is L2, and the lengths of L1 and L2 are defined to be 0.5cm-20cm;
the deflagration driving section 1 is provided with an opening 8 matched with the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, and the contact surfaces of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 and the opening 8 are provided with sealing rings 81;
the deflagration driving section 1 is filled with combustible mixed gas;
the pulse discharge ignition system 7 comprises a time delay pulse generator 100, a high-voltage capacitor 71, an ignition circuit relay 720, an unloading circuit relay 730 and a power frequency withstand voltage test device 200, wherein an ignition loop 72 is formed by the positive electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the ignition circuit relay 720, a first electrode 11, an ignition wire 13, a second electrode 12 and the negative electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71; the unloading circuit 73 is formed by the positive pole of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the unloading circuit relay 730 and the negative pole of the high-voltage capacitor 71; the ignition circuit 72 is connected in parallel with the unloading circuit 73, and the high-voltage capacitor 71 is used for storing high-voltage electricity and discharging the high-voltage electricity to the ignition wire; the ignition circuit relay 720 and the unloading circuit relay 730 are electrically connected with the delay pulse generator 100, respectively; the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is electrically connected to the high voltage capacitor 71, and the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is used for charging the high voltage capacitor 71.
Specifically, the coaxial cylindrical surface detonation driving device for the shock tube/wind tunnel comprises a detonation driving section 1 and a driven section 2, wherein one end of the detonation driving section 1 is communicated with the driven section 2, the other end of the detonation driving section is connected with a blind plate 14, a diaphragm 5 is arranged between the detonation driving section 1 and the driven section 2, the driven section 2 is communicated with a test section 4 through a spray pipe 3, the blind plate 14 is a flange cover, the end of the detonation driving section 1 is blocked by the blind plate 14, the traditional explosion unloading section is not needed, and the diaphragm is arranged between the explosion unloading section and the detonation driving section, so that the occupied space area is reduced, and the cost is reduced;
a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 extending along the radial direction Y are inserted into the detonation driving section 1, the first electrode 11 is positioned at one side of the detonation driving section 1 close to the blind plate 14, and the second electrode 12 is positioned at one side of the detonation driving section 1 close to the driven section 2, namely, the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are inserted into two ends of the detonation driving section 1; an ignition wire 13 extending along the axial direction is electrically connected between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, the axial direction X is the direction of pointing to the axial center line of the driven section 2 by the blind plate 14, the radial direction Y is intersected with the axial direction X, optionally, the ignition wire 13 can be any one of metal materials of copper, silver, nickel chromium, tungsten and alloy, and the length of the ignition wire 13 can be adjusted according to the length of the deflagration driving section 1;
the axial distance from the first electrode 11 to the blind plate 14 is L1, the axial distance from the second electrode 12 to the membrane 5 is L2, if the lengths of L1 and L2 are less than 0.5cm, breakdown may occur, which may cause equipment damage or endanger personnel safety; if the lengths of the L1 and the L2 are larger than 20cm, the combustion of the combustible gas mixture in the deflagration driving section 1 is possibly unstable, so that the lengths of the L1 and the L2 are limited to 0.5cm-20cm, the ignition wire 13 is axially arranged in the deflagration driving section as much as possible, the combustible gas mixture in the deflagration driving section 1 can be further combusted more fully, the distances between the first electrode 11 and the end of the deflagration driving section and between the second electrode 12 and the membrane 5 are prevented from being too short, breakdown is prevented, and the safety of equipment and personnel is ensured;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 3; wherein the enlarged view at C in fig. 3 is the same as the enlarged view at B, an opening 8 matching with a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 is provided on the detonation driving section 1, in fig. 4, in order to show the opening 8 on the drawing, the aperture of the opening 8 is larger than the actual value, the opening 8 is matched with the first electrode 11, the second electrode 12 is matched with the opening 8, the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are conveniently inserted into the combustion driving section 1 through the opening 8, in order to ensure the tightness in the detonation driving section 1, after the first electrode 11 is inserted into the detonation driving section 1, a sealing ring 81 is provided at the contact surface of the detonation driving section 1 where the first electrode 1 contacts with the opening 8, and a sealing ring 81 is provided at the contact surface of the detonation driving section 1 where the second electrode 12 contacts with the opening 8;
the deflagration driving section 1 is filled with combustible mixed gas, wherein the combustible mixed gas can comprise fuel, oxidant and inert gas, and the fuel can be hydrogen, carbon monoxide or alkylalkyne or other combustible gas; the oxidant is oxygen or nitrous oxide, can be other oxidizing gases, and the inert gas is nitrogen, rare gas or carbon dioxide, and can be other gases which do not participate in combustion reaction; and (3) fuel: oxidizing agent: the ratio between inert gases may be 1:1:1, fuel: oxidizing agent: the ratio between inert gases can also be 2:1:1, fuel: oxidizing agent: the ratio of the inert gases can be 2:1:7, and the ratio relationship among the fuel, the oxidant and the inert gases is set according to specific equipment and experimental requirements;
the pulse discharge ignition system 7 comprises a time delay pulse generator 100, a high-voltage capacitor 71, an ignition circuit relay 720, an unloading circuit relay 730 and a power frequency withstand voltage test device 200, wherein the anode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the ignition circuit relay 720, a first electrode 11, an ignition wire 13, a second electrode 12 and the cathode of the high-voltage capacitor 71 form an ignition loop 72; the positive electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the unloading circuit relay 730 and the negative electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71 form an unloading circuit 73, the ignition circuit 72 is connected with the unloading circuit 73 in parallel, and the high-voltage capacitor 71 is used for storing high voltage electricity; the types of the delay pulse generator 100, the high-voltage capacitor 71, the ignition circuit relay 720, the unloading circuit relay 730 and the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 are the same as those of the delay pulse generator 100, the high-voltage capacitor 71, the ignition circuit relay 720, the unloading circuit relay 730 and the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 in the pulse discharge ignition system for the coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device, and are not described in detail herein;
the principle of operation of the pulse discharge ignition system 7 is as follows: firstly, charging the high-voltage capacitor 71 to the voltage required by the experiment through the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200, and then disconnecting the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 from the high-voltage capacitor 71; the delay pulse generator 100 firstly outputs a high level to the ignition circuit relay 720, drives the ignition circuit relay 720 to be closed, enables the ignition circuit 72 to be conducted, applies thousands to tens of thousands of volts of high voltage to the two ends of the ignition wire 13, and generates intense heat at the moment when the ignition circuit relay 720 is electrified; after a predetermined time, the delay pulse generator 100 outputs a high level to the unloading circuit relay 730, and drives the unloading circuit relay 730 to be closed, so that the unloading circuit 73 is also turned on, at this time, the positive and negative poles of the high voltage capacitor 71 are short-circuited, the voltage of the high voltage capacitor 71 drops to a very low value in a millisecond-level time, at this time, the voltage across the ignition wire 13 is insufficient to cause breakdown, wherein the predetermined time is 5-30 milliseconds.
The assembly sequence of the coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device for the shock tube/wind tunnel is as follows:
providing a deflagration driving section 1;
firstly, an opening 8 for placing a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 is formed on a deflagration driving section 1; secondly, installing sealing rings 81 on the contact surfaces of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 and the open hole 8, inserting the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 into the open hole 8, wherein the first electrode 11 is positioned on one side of the deflagration driving section close to the blind plate 14, and the second electrode 12 is positioned on one side of the deflagration driving section 1 close to the driven section 2; a firing wire 13 extending in the axial direction X is connected between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12;
a diaphragm is arranged between the deflagration driving section 1 and the driven section 2, one end of the deflagration driving section 1, which is close to the diaphragm 5, is connected with the driven section 2, and the other end is connected with a blind plate 14;
the deflagration driving section 1 is filled with combustible mixed gas;
the pulse discharge ignition system 7 is connected, and an ignition loop 72 is formed by the anode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the ignition circuit relay 720, the first electrode 11, the ignition wire 13, the second electrode 12 and the cathode of the high-voltage capacitor 71; the positive electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the unloading circuit relay 730 and the negative electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71 form an unloading circuit 73; the ignition circuit 72 is connected in parallel with the unloading circuit 73.
The coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device for the shock tube/wind tunnel is assembled according to the assembly sequence, so that the first electrode and the second electrode can be better inserted, the position of the ignition wire 13 is more accurately distributed, the gas leakage of combustible gas mixture can be avoided, the personal safety is ensured, and the operation is convenient.
Of course, the above assembly sequence can be appropriately adjusted without considering the discharge of the high-voltage capacitor to the ignition wire, and the pulse discharge ignition system can be connected first after the driven section 2 or the blind plate 14 is installed, and then the flammable gas mixture is filled into the deflagration driving section 1, specifically as follows:
first, a knock driving section 1 is provided;
secondly, firstly, an opening 8 for placing a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 is formed on the deflagration driving section 1; secondly, installing sealing rings 81 on the contact surfaces of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 and the open hole 8, inserting the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 into the open hole 8, wherein the first electrode 11 is positioned on one side of the deflagration driving section close to the blind plate 14, and the second electrode 12 is positioned on one side of the deflagration driving section 1 close to the driven section 2; a firing wire 13 extending in the axial direction X is connected between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12;
thirdly, a diaphragm is arranged between the deflagration driving section 1 and the driven section 2, one end of the deflagration driving section 1, which is close to the diaphragm 5, is connected with the driven section 2, and the other end is connected with a blind plate 14;
fourth, connect the ignition system 7 of pulse discharge, form the ignition loop 72 with high-voltage capacitor 71 positive pole, ignition circuit relay 720, the first electrode 11, ignition wire 13, the second electrode 12, high-voltage capacitor 71 negative pole; the positive electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71, the unloading circuit relay 730 and the negative electrode of the high-voltage capacitor 71 form an unloading circuit 73; the ignition circuit 72 and the unloading circuit 73 are connected in parallel;
fifth, the deflagration driving section 1 is filled with combustible gas mixture.
It should be noted that: first, a knock driving section 1 is provided; secondly, firstly, an opening 8 for placing a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 is formed on the deflagration driving section 1; secondly, installing sealing rings 81 on the contact surfaces of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 and the open hole 8, inserting the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 into the open hole 8, wherein the first electrode 11 is positioned on one side of the deflagration driving section close to the blind plate 14, and the second electrode 12 is positioned on one side of the deflagration driving section 1 close to the driven section 2; a firing wire 13 extending in the axial direction X is connected between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12; thirdly, a diaphragm is arranged between the deflagration driving section 1 and the driven section 2, one end of the deflagration driving section 1, which is close to the diaphragm 5, is connected with the driven section 2, and the other end is connected with a blind plate 14; the above three steps are not reversible, i.e. the above assembly sequence cannot be reversed and not implemented after reversal.
The working principle is as follows: an ignition wire 13 arranged along the axial direction X is arranged in the deflagration driving section 1, the high-voltage capacitor 71 is charged to the voltage required by the experiment through the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200, and then the power frequency withstand voltage test device 200 is disconnected from the high-voltage capacitor 71; the delay pulse generator 100 firstly outputs a high level to the ignition circuit relay 720, the ignition circuit relay 720 is driven to be closed, an ignition loop is conducted, thousands to tens of thousands of volts of high voltage is applied to two ends of the ignition wire 13, the ignition wire 13 generates intense heat at the moment of electrifying the ignition circuit relay 720, combustible mixed gas near the ignition wire 13 is ignited in millisecond-level time, a columnar flame surface is formed after ignition, and the columnar flame surface is expanded in the radial direction; by making the ignition wire 13 strictly coaxial with the pipeline of the deflagration driving section 1, the simultaneous burnout of all parts along the axial direction is ensured; since the discharging process of the high voltage capacitor 71 is longer than the burning process, the residual charges in the high voltage capacitor 71 need to be discharged before the burning is finished, so after the time is continued for a predetermined time, the delay pulse generator 100 outputs a high level to the unloading circuit relay 730, the unloading circuit relay is driven to be closed, the unloading circuit is also conducted, at this time, the positive and negative poles of the high voltage capacitor 71 are shorted, the voltage of the high voltage capacitor 71 falls to a very low value in millisecond level, and it can be understood that the charges in the high voltage capacitor 71 instantaneously return to the high voltage capacitor 71 through the unloading circuit to finish unloading, thereby preventing the nearby positive poles of the high voltage capacitor 71 from breaking down the burning products and generating safety accidents.
It should be noted that: detonation driving requires forming detonation waves propagating along the axial direction in the driving section pipeline, and the detonation driving is that the gas in the pipeline of the detonation driving section 1 is simultaneously ignited along the axial direction, combustion is completed in a detonation rather than detonation mode, and the combustion is simultaneously completed along the axial direction X.
The effective working time of shock tubes/tunnels is typically in the order of a few milliseconds to 100 milliseconds, and in order to provide accurate test conditions, it is necessary to strictly ensure that the combustible mixture in the deflagration drive section ignites simultaneously while burning off.
According to the embodiment, the coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device for the shock tube/wind tunnel provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, detonation waves which are driven by detonation and propagate along the axial direction are formed in a pipeline of a driving section in the prior art, and as extremely high pressure peaks of the detonation waves cannot be completely used for driving, the effective pressure provided by the detonation driving is greatly lower than the pressure bearing limit of equipment, and detonation is replaced by detonation in the invention, the pressure peaks in the detonation are not existed, and the combustion pressure can be 100% used for compressing test gas, so that the pressure of the test gas is improved;
secondly, the mixed gas ratio limit of deflagration is much wider than detonation, the temperature and sound speed range of the driving gas are larger, and the corresponding total temperature range of the test gas is also larger than detonation driving;
thirdly, the pulse discharge ignition system can realize the ignition mode of the explosion driving technology, namely high-voltage discharge with the duration of millisecond magnitude, after the high-voltage discharge lasts for a preset time, the unloading circuit is utilized to enable the anode and the cathode of the high-voltage capacitor to be short-circuited, the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is reduced to a very low value in millisecond magnitude, and therefore the voltage of the anode of the ignition wire is insufficient to cause breakdown.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a shock tube/wind tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention; the embodiment of the invention also provides a shock tube/wind tunnel, which comprises the coaxial cylindrical surface detonation driving device for the shock tube/wind tunnel.
According to the embodiment, the pulse discharge ignition system for the coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention forms an ignition loop through the serial connection of the ignition circuit relay, the ignition wire and the high-voltage capacitor, the serial connection of the high-voltage capacitor and the unloading circuit relay forms an unloading circuit, the ignition loop is connected in parallel with the unloading loop, the ignition circuit relay and the unloading circuit relay are respectively and electrically connected with the delay pulse generator, the ignition mode of the deflagration driving technology, namely, the high-voltage discharge with the duration of millisecond magnitude can be realized, after the high-voltage discharge lasts for a preset time, the anode and the cathode of the high-voltage capacitor are short-circuited by the unloading circuit, the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is reduced to a very low value in millisecond magnitude, and thus, the voltage at the two ends of the ignition wire is insufficient to cause breakdown.
While certain specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The pulse discharge ignition system for the coaxial cylindrical surface deflagration driving device is characterized by comprising a delay pulse generator, an ignition circuit relay, an unloading circuit relay, an ignition wire, a high-voltage capacitor and a power frequency withstand voltage test device;
the high-voltage capacitor anode, the ignition circuit relay, the ignition wire and the high-voltage capacitor cathode form an ignition loop, the high-voltage capacitor anode, the unloading circuit relay and the high-voltage capacitor cathode form an unloading loop, the ignition loop is connected with the unloading loop in parallel, and the high-voltage capacitor is used for storing high-voltage electricity and discharging the high-voltage electricity to the ignition wire;
the ignition circuit relay and the unloading circuit relay are respectively and electrically connected with the delay pulse generator, and the ignition circuit relay and the unloading circuit relay are both JPK-58A inflatable high-voltage relays;
the power frequency withstand voltage test device is electrically connected with the high-voltage capacitor, and is used for charging the high-voltage capacitor, the high-voltage capacitor adopts a DAWNCAPDTH-20000 high-voltage pulse capacitor, and the DAWNCAPDTH-20000 high-voltage pulse capacitor generates 20000V high voltage;
the time delay pulse generator outputs high level to the ignition circuit relay to drive the ignition circuit relay to be closed so as to conduct the ignition circuit, the ignition wire is electrified and heated, after the time delay pulse generator continues to last for a preset time, the time delay pulse generator outputs high level to the unloading circuit relay to drive the unloading circuit relay to be closed so as to enable the unloading circuit to be conducted, and then the anode and the cathode of the high-voltage capacitor are short-circuited, wherein the preset time is 5-30 milliseconds.
2. The pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylindrical deflagration actuator of claim 1, wherein the ignition wire is metallic.
3. A pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylindrical deflagration actuator as defined in claim 2, wherein the metallic material is any one of copper, silver, nickel chromium, tungsten, and alloys.
4. The pulse discharge ignition system for a coaxial cylinder deflagration drive of claim 1, wherein the delay pulse generator is a DG535 four channel digital delay pulse generator.
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