CN115096260A - Building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system and early warning method - Google Patents
Building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system and early warning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115096260A CN115096260A CN202210608683.3A CN202210608683A CN115096260A CN 115096260 A CN115096260 A CN 115096260A CN 202210608683 A CN202210608683 A CN 202210608683A CN 115096260 A CN115096260 A CN 115096260A
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
- G01C5/06—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels by using barometric means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system and an early warning method, wherein the system comprises a connecting piece, a gas cavity, a signal transmitting unit and a signal receiving unit; the gas cavity is of a closed structure, and gas is stored in the internal cavity and used for compressing/expanding the gas and converting the basic settlement caused by the deformation of the earth surface into the change of gas pressure intensity; connecting pieces are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the gas cavity and used for installing the system between the lower surface of the building/structure foundation and the soil layer on the upper surface of the foundation; the signal transmitting unit is used for converting the gas pressure variation into an electric signal; the signal receiving unit is arranged at a far end, receives the electric signal of the signal emitter, quantificationally corrects the signal value, and realizes monitoring and early warning of surface deformation. The system solves the problems that in the prior art, a plurality of reference points need to be arranged to form a settlement observation network, the monitoring procedure is complex, real-time monitoring cannot be completed and the like, can realize real-time monitoring and wireless transmission, and realizes intelligent evaluation and safety early warning of deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation settlement intelligent monitoring, in particular to a building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system and an early warning method.
Background
The mining of underground resources, the disturbance of the construction of underground engineering and the huge earth crust movement all generate extrusion disturbance to soil bodies, so that the earth surface is deformed, and potential hazards are caused to the safety of buildings and structures on the earth surface. China has huge underground mineral resources and underground space resources, and the deformation of the earth surface where buildings (structures) are located generally exists. Ground subsidence often causes large shearing force to the building/structure foundation and superstructure, which can cause the building/structure to incline, sink, crack the wall or break the foundation or even collapse, and ground deformation is not instantaneous deformation and thus can be prevented and controlled.
In the monitoring process, a worker is required to use a tool to measure the height of the foundation relative to the ground for multiple times, the data of each measurement is recorded, and the settlement of the foundation is monitored in real time by comparing the numerical values of each measurement. The manual monitoring is obviously inconvenient, the manual labor intensity is high, the measuring efficiency is low, and the measuring result is also inaccurate.
The existing foundation settlement monitoring technology needs to arrange a plurality of datum points to form a settlement observation network, uses equipment such as a level gauge/a total station instrument to monitor, has complex monitoring procedures and cannot complete real-time monitoring. For example, patent CN104264651A discloses a comprehensive test system for horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of a roadbed. The monitoring method is complex, multiple monitoring devices such as an angle sensor, a magnetic field intensity sensor, an electromagnetic intensity display, a horizontal displacement display and a settlement magnet ring are used, the method is relatively original, and the method is not intelligentized and automatic; the patent CN104594396B is improved for some, and is provided with a data acquisition system, but the system still has an early warning function, and cannot realize intelligent evaluation and safety early warning of deformation, the principle of the system is still a layered settlement magnetic ring method, the installation is complex, the settlement observation result precision is greatly influenced by the selection of a reference point and the installation and burying of a settlement pipe, and the system is limited by the operation level of personnel and the selection of instruments;
based on the settlement monitoring and early warning system, the settlement monitoring and early warning system with real-time monitoring and wireless transmission is designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the technical defects, the invention aims to provide a building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system and an early warning method, which solve the problems that in the existing foundation settlement monitoring technology, a plurality of datum points need to be arranged to form a settlement observation network, equipment such as a level gauge/a total station is used for monitoring, the monitoring procedure is complex, real-time monitoring cannot be completed, and the like, can realize real-time monitoring and wireless transmission, and realize intelligent evaluation and safety early warning of deformation, thereby avoiding accidents.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system, which comprises a connecting piece, a gas cavity, a signal transmitting unit and a signal receiving unit, wherein the signal transmitting unit is connected with the signal receiving unit;
the gas cavity is of a closed structure, and gas is stored in the internal cavity and used for compressing/expanding gas and converting foundation settlement caused by surface deformation into gas pressure intensity change;
the connecting pieces are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the gas cavity and are used for installing the system between the lower surface of the building/structure foundation and the soil layer on the upper surface of the foundation;
the signal transmitting unit is arranged at the bottom of the gas cavity and comprises a piezoresistor, a battery and a signal transmitter, and the piezoresistor, the battery and the signal transmitter are connected through electric wires to form a closed loop for converting the variation of the gas pressure in the gas cavity into an electric signal;
the signal receiving unit is arranged at a far end and comprises a signal receiver and an alarm, and the signal receiving unit is used for receiving the electric signal of the signal transmitter, carrying out quantitative correction on the signal value and realizing monitoring and early warning on surface deformation.
Further, the gas chamber includes both ends open-ended container, container internally mounted has the piston, and the base is installed to the bottom, and the spacing lid of piston is installed on upper portion, two the connecting piece is installed respectively in piston top and base bottom, connecting piece drive piston compression/inflation gas in the gas chamber, the piston is in relative slip in the container.
Furthermore, the connecting piece includes upper and lower connecting piece, go up the connecting piece and be equipped with the round platform for increase the area of contact of connecting piece and building/structure basis.
Furthermore, the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are both expanded anchor rods, the upper expanded anchor rods are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the piston, and the lower expanded anchor rods are installed at the bottom of the base and are located in the center of the container, so that the system is not prone to moving due to foundation settlement.
Furthermore, the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are respectively an upper expanding anchor rod and a steel perforated pipe, the upper expanding anchor rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the piston, the steel perforated pipe is installed at the bottom of the base, cement slurry is injected into a soil body below the gas cavity, and the cement slurry is located in the center of the container, so that the system is not prone to moving due to foundation settlement.
Furthermore, the signal emission unit is installed in the gas cavity base, the base is provided with a hole, and the piezoresistor is contacted with the inert gas in the container through the hole and seals the hole, so that the container is sealed.
Furthermore, a vertical protection rod is arranged between the connecting piece on the upper surface of the gas cavity and the container.
Furthermore, the gas filled in the gas cavity of the system is inert gas, and the gas is stable in property and used for ensuring the safety of the system.
The invention also aims to provide an early warning method of the building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: calibrating the instrument of the signal transmitting-receiving device, and setting the range of the device according to engineering requirements;
s2: in the construction process of a building/structure, the installation of the foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system is completed;
s3: the settlement monitoring unit records a settlement value generated in the construction disturbance process as an initial settlement value, and the settlement value generated in the building/structure use project is obtained by subtracting the initial settlement value from the scale pointed by the instrument pointer;
s4: when the building/structure subsides within the allowable range, the system records the settlement value at the moment;
s5: when the settlement value exceeds the preset early warning scale, the pointer triggers and is connected with the alarm closed loop, so that the alarm gives an alarm, and early warning of the settlement value is realized.
Further, step S1 calibrates the signal sending-receiving instrument, and the specific operation method is as follows: after the system is assembled, the position of the piston in a natural state is used as an original position, the signal transmitting-receiving calibration in the state is used as an original point, namely the position pointed by the instrument pointer at the moment is calibrated to be 0 point; then applying a certain pressure on the connecting piece to enable the piston to move downwards by x, compressing the gas in the container, enabling the pointer of the instrument to deviate, and calibrating the position pointed by the pointer at the moment to be x; by analogy, forward calibration is carried out on the instrument; in a similar way, a certain tensile force is applied to the connecting piece, so that the piston moves upwards by x, the gas in the container is expanded, the pointer of the instrument deviates, and the position pointed by the pointer at the moment is calibrated to be-x. By parity of reasoning, the instrument is subjected to negative calibration; and determining the range of the system based on the calibration method according to engineering requirements and the upper limit of the system device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the contact rod is fixed with the lower surface of the building/structure foundation, so that the contact rod is compressed when the building foundation sinks, the piston moves under the driving of the contact rod to compress the gas in the stainless steel container, the pressure intensity is increased after the gas is compressed, the pressure on the piezoresistor is increased, the resistance is increased, the current in a closed loop is reduced, and the signal intensity of the signal transmitter is reduced; the far-end signal receiver receives the signal intensity reduction, thus judge and subside the size, can carry on the quantization correction to the signal value through the instrument at the same time, quantize and subside the amount;
2. the part connected with the lower surface of the building/structure foundation and the part connected with the upper surface of the foundation (the expanded anchor rod/the steel floral tube) are used for fixing the system up and down, so that the system is not distorted in monitoring results caused by falling of external force;
3. the existing settlement observation method is actually limited by the operation level of personnel and the selection of instruments, the integrated monitoring system has high accuracy, and the settlement observation result accuracy is slightly influenced by the selection of reference points;
4. the system has the advantages of high automation degree, intelligent network, consideration of time-space factors of deformation monitoring, enhancement of comprehensive judgment capability of the monitoring system, and realization of intelligent evaluation and safety early warning of deformation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a settlement monitoring and warning device for a building/structure foundation according to an embodiment, wherein (a) is embodiment 1, and (b) is embodiment 2;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of a settlement monitoring and warning device for a building/structure foundation, in which (a) is embodiment 1 and (b) is embodiment 2;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of a settlement monitoring and early warning device for a building/structure foundation according to an embodiment, wherein (a) is embodiment 1, and (b) is embodiment 2;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of the settlement monitoring and early warning method of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an upper expanded anchor rod; 2. a circular table; 3. a piston limit cover; 4. a piston; 5. a wire; 6. a voltage dependent resistor; 7. a hole; 8. a base; 9. a steel floral tube; 10. a battery; 11. an electric wire; 12. a signal transmitter; 13. a container; 14. under expand body stock.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system comprises a connecting piece, a gas cavity, a signal transmitting unit and a signal receiving unit; the gas cavity is of a closed structure, and gas is stored in the internal cavity and used for compressing/expanding gas and converting foundation settlement caused by surface deformation into gas pressure intensity change; the connecting pieces are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the gas cavity and are used for installing the system between the lower surface of the building/structure foundation and the soil layer on the upper surface of the foundation; the signal transmitting unit is used for converting the gas pressure variation in the gas cavity into an electric signal; the signal receiving unit is arranged at a far end and comprises a signal receiver and an alarm, and the signal receiving unit is used for receiving the electric signal of the signal transmitting unit, carrying out quantitative correction on a signal value and realizing monitoring and early warning on surface deformation.
By adopting the technical scheme, the connecting piece is used for being fixed with the lower surface of the building/structure foundation, so that the connecting piece is compressed when the building foundation sinks, the piston 4 moves under the driving of the connecting piece, gas in the compression container 13 is compressed, and after the gas is compressed, the pressure intensity is increased, so that the pressure applied to the piezoresistor 6 is increased, the resistance is increased, the current in a closed loop is reduced, and the signal intensity of the signal transmitter 12 is reduced. The intensity of the signal received by the far-end signal receiver is reduced, so that the settlement is judged, and meanwhile, the signal value can be quantitatively corrected through an instrument, and the settlement is quantified. Based on the method, the settlement position of the building/structure during surface deformation can be determined, the settlement amount can be quantified, the settlement deformation amount can be monitored in real time, and the effects of monitoring and early warning settlement caused by surface deformation under the building/structure are achieved.
Optionally, the gas within the monitoring portion is an inert gas (helium neon argon, etc.).
By adopting the technical scheme, the inert gas (helium-neon-argon and the like) is used for the pressure generated by the settlement of the building foundation, and the inert gas (helium-neon-argon and the like) has stable property and is not easy to generate chemical reaction with other substances, so that the pressure in the container 13 is ensured not to change due to other factors except the settlement, meanwhile, the inert gas is not exploded due to compression/expansion, and the use safety of the device is ensured.
Specifically, the gas chamber includes both ends open-ended container 13, container 13 internally mounted has piston 4, and base 8 is installed to the bottom, and the spacing lid 3 of piston is installed on upper portion, and the connecting piece divide into upper and lower connecting piece, goes up the connecting piece and installs on 4 tops of piston, and lower connecting piece is installed in 8 bottoms of base, goes up connecting piece drive piston 4 compression/inflation gas in the gas chamber, piston 4 is in relative slip in the container 13. The container 13 is made of stainless steel.
The lower connecting piece is welded on the lower surface of the device container 13 to ensure stable connection with a foundation, and the upper connecting piece is welded on the upper surface of the piston 4 in the device container 13 and is used for being in contact with a building foundation, so that the piston 4 can be driven to displace together when the building foundation is settled, and the stable connection with the building/structure is ensured. The end of the connecting piece and the piston 4 are made of rubber material.
In order to ensure that the piston 4 can smoothly move when the connecting piece is settled, and increase the contact area between the connecting piece and the building/structure foundation, the upper connecting piece is provided with a circular table 2.
8 trompil holes 7 of base of container set up the signal emission unit in 8 inside settings of base of container, the signal emission unit includes piezo-resistor 6, battery 10 and signal transmitter 12, links to each other with electric wire 11 between piezo-resistor 6, battery 10 and the signal transmitter 12 and constitutes closed circuit, the inert gas contact in piezo-resistor 6 and the container 13 through the hole 7 of the 8 surfaces of base of reservation container, wherein piezo-resistor 6 fills up and consolidates sealedly hole 7 to ensure the airtight of container 13. Optionally, the battery 10 may have leads 5 for preventing the device from being rendered unusable due to the power drain on the battery 10.
The reinforcing (upper and lower) portions of the connector may each be provided with an enlarged anchor to provide secure connection of the device to the upper surface of the foundation and the lower surface of the building/structure foundation. The upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are respectively an upper expanding body anchor rod 1 and a lower expanding body anchor rod 14, are respectively welded and fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the gas cavity and are positioned at the central position of the bottom surface of the container 13, so that the monitoring device is not easy to move due to foundation settlement.
The concrete implementation working principle of the building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system in the embodiment of the application is as follows: during construction, after excavation of the foundation pit is finished, the upper portion of the foundation at the bottom of the foundation pit is drilled, and then the under-expanded anchor rod 14 is inserted into the drilled hole. And then carrying out cushion layer construction, placing the device in a soil layer, placing the upper expanded anchor rod 1 in a foundation during building/structure foundation construction, and enabling the upper surface of the circular truncated cone 2 to be in close contact with the lower surface of the foundation. Before the installation of the device is completed, the upper expanded body anchor rod 1 can be provided with the protective rod, the transverse protective rod can be transversely clamped on the upper expanded body anchor rod to abut against the upper part of a container, or the vertical protective rod is sleeved outside the upper expanded body anchor rod 1 to play a supporting role, the piston 4 does not generate compression before the installation is completed, and the protective rod can be taken down after the installation is completed.
Example 2
The reinforced part of the connecting piece is a steel floral tube 9, and the steel floral tube 9 and the bottom of the base 8 of the container 13 are fixed through welding.
The upper connecting piece is set to be an upper expanding anchor rod 1, the lower connecting piece is set to be a steel flower tube 9, and the steel flower tube 9 is welded and fixed on the lower surface of the container 13 and is located at the center of the bottom surface of the container 13. The steel perforated pipe 9 is used for injecting cement slurry into the soil body on the lower layer of the container 13, so that the monitoring device is not easy to move due to foundation settlement, and the accuracy of a monitoring result is guaranteed to a certain extent.
The other components are the same as those in embodiment 1.
The concrete implementation working principle of the building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system in the embodiment of the application is as follows: during construction, after excavation of the foundation pit is finished, drilling is carried out on the upper portion of the foundation at the bottom of the foundation pit, and then the steel perforated pipe 9 is stretched into the drilling hole. If the steel perforated pipe 9 is adopted, cement paste is injected into the soil layer below the container 13 through the steel perforated pipe 9, and after the cement paste is solidified, the device and the steel tube patterns are welded and fixed. And then performing cushion layer construction, placing the device in a soil layer, placing the upper expanded anchor rod 1 in a foundation during building/structure foundation construction, and enabling the upper surface of the circular truncated cone 2 to be in close contact with the lower surface of the foundation. Before the device installation is accomplished, can set up the guard bar on going up expanded body stock 1, horizontal guard bar can transversely block at last expanded body stock, supports container upper portion, or vertical guard bar cover plays the supporting role outside last expanded body stock 1, ensures that installation is accomplished before piston 4 does not produce the compression, it can to take off the guard bar after the installation.
After the device of the above embodiment 1 or 2 is installed, the foundation settlement caused by the deformation of the earth surface makes the upper expanding anchor rod 1 push the piston 4 to compress the inert gas in the container 13, so that the gas pressure is increased, the resistance value of the piezoresistor 6 is increased, the current of the closed loop in the base 8 of the container 13 is reduced, the signal strength received by the signal receiver is reduced, the settlement amount is judged according to the signal reduction degree, and meanwhile, the signal value can be quantized and corrected through the instrument, so that the settlement amount is quantized. Based on the method, the settlement position of the building/structure during surface deformation can be determined, the settlement amount can be quantified, the settlement deformation amount can be monitored in real time, and the effects of monitoring and early warning settlement caused by surface deformation under the building/structure are achieved.
The early warning method and the process are as follows:
based on the manufacturing principle and the method of the device, the device is produced and installed in a factory, and the signal sending and receiving device is debugged.
Firstly, calibrating a signal transmitting-receiving device instrument, and setting the range of the device according to engineering requirements.
The calibration method comprises the following steps: after the device is produced and installed, the position of the piston 4 in a natural state is used as an original position, signal transmitting-receiving calibration in the state is used as an original point, and the position pointed by the instrument pointer at the time is calibrated to be 0 point. Further, a certain pressure is applied to the upper connecting piece, so that the piston 4 moves downwards by x, gas in the container 13 is compressed, the pointer of the instrument deviates, and the position pointed by the pointer at the moment is calibrated to be x. By parity of reasoning, the instrument is positively calibrated; in a similar way, a certain tensile force is applied to the upper connecting piece, so that the piston 4 moves upwards by x, the gas in the expansion container 13 and the pointer of the instrument deviate, and the position pointed by the pointer at the moment is calibrated to be-x. By analogy, carrying out negative calibration on the instrument; and determining the range of the device based on the calibration method according to engineering requirements and by combining the upper limit of the device.
In the construction process of a building/structure, after the device is installed, the scale pointed by the instrument pointer of the device is the settlement value generated at the moment; furthermore, after the construction of the building/structure is completed, the settlement monitoring and early warning system records the settlement value generated in the construction disturbance process and records the settlement value as the initial settlement value used by the building/structure. When the building/structure is used, the settlement value generated in the building/structure use project is obtained by subtracting the initial settlement value from the scale pointed by the instrument pointer.
Furthermore, different models of monitoring systems are arranged aiming at engineering structures with different monitoring requirements so as to meet the early warning of different settlement amounts. Furthermore, when settlement values generated by different buildings/structures exceed the pre-set device early warning scales, the pointer triggers and connects a closed alarm loop, so that an alarm connected with the instrument gives an alarm to remind engineering technicians, and early warning of the settlement amount is realized.
Specifically, see fig. 4 a flow chart of a settlement monitoring and early warning method.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system is characterized by comprising a connecting piece, a gas cavity, a signal transmitting unit and a signal receiving unit;
the gas cavity is of a closed structure, and gas is stored in the internal cavity and used for compressing/expanding gas and converting foundation settlement caused by surface deformation into gas pressure intensity change;
the connecting pieces are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the gas cavity and are used for installing the system between the lower surface of the building/structure foundation and the soil layer on the upper surface of the foundation;
the signal transmitting unit is arranged at the bottom of the gas cavity and comprises a piezoresistor, a battery and a signal transmitter, and the piezoresistor, the battery and the signal transmitter are connected through electric wires to form a closed loop for converting the gas pressure intensity change in the gas cavity into an electric signal;
the signal receiving unit is arranged at a far end and comprises a signal receiver and an alarm, and the signal receiving unit is used for receiving the electric signal of the signal transmitter and carrying out quantitative correction on a signal value to realize monitoring and early warning on surface deformation.
2. The building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas chamber comprises a container with two open ends, the container is internally provided with a piston, the bottom of the container is provided with a base, the upper part of the container is provided with a piston limit cover, two connecting members are respectively arranged at the top end of the piston and the bottom end of the base, the connecting members drive the piston to compress/expand the gas in the gas chamber, and the piston slides in the container relatively.
3. The building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system of claim 1, wherein the connecting member comprises an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, the upper connecting member is provided with a circular truncated cone for increasing the contact area between the connecting member and the building/structure foundation.
4. The building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the upper and lower connecting members are each an expanding anchor rod, the upper expanding anchor rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the piston, and the lower expanding anchor rod is installed on the bottom of the base and is located at the center of the container, so that the system is not easy to move due to foundation settlement and has a reinforcing function.
5. The building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the upper and lower connectors are an upper expanding anchor rod and a steel floral tube, the upper expanding anchor rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the piston, the steel floral tube is installed on the bottom of the base, cement slurry is injected into the soil mass below the gas cavity, and both are located at the center of the container, so that the system is not easy to move due to foundation settlement and has a reinforcement effect.
6. The building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal emitting unit is installed in a base of the gas chamber, the base is provided with a hole, and the piezoresistor contacts with the inert gas in the container through the hole and seals the hole to ensure the container to be sealed.
7. The building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a vertical protection rod is provided between the connecting member of the upper surface of the gas chamber and the container to support and ensure that the piston does not compress before installation.
8. The building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas filled in the gas chamber of the system is inert gas, which has stable properties and is used for ensuring the safety of the system.
9. The early warning method of the building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: calibrating the instrument of the signal transmitting-receiving device, and setting the range of the device according to engineering requirements;
s2: in the construction process of a building/structure, the installation of the foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system is completed;
s3: the settlement monitoring unit records a settlement value generated in the construction disturbance process as an initial settlement value, and the settlement value generated in the building/structure use project is obtained by subtracting the initial settlement value from the scale pointed by the instrument pointer;
s4: when the building/structure subsides within the allowable range, the system records the settlement value at the moment;
s5: when the settlement value exceeds the preset early warning scale, the pointer triggers and is connected with the alarm closed loop, so that the alarm gives an alarm, and early warning of the settlement value is realized.
10. The early warning method of the building/structure foundation settlement monitoring and early warning system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the step S1 is to calibrate the signal emitting-receiving instrument, and the specific calibration method is as follows: after the system is assembled, the position of the piston in a natural state is taken as an original position, the signal transmitting-receiving calibration in the state is taken as an original point, namely the position pointed by the instrument pointer at the moment is calibrated to be a 0 point;
then applying a certain pressure on the upper connecting piece to enable the piston to move downwards by x, compressing gas in the container, enabling the pointer of the instrument to deviate, and calibrating the position pointed by the pointer at the moment to be x; by analogy, forward calibration is carried out on the instrument;
similarly, a certain tensile force is applied to the upper connecting piece, so that the piston moves upwards by x, the gas in the container is expanded, the pointer of the instrument deviates, and the position pointed by the pointer at the moment is calibrated to be-x; by analogy, carrying out negative calibration on the instrument;
and determining the range of the system based on the calibration method according to engineering requirements and the upper limit of the system device.
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