CN115096155A - Method for determining explosive loading of deep blasting of rock burst mine roof - Google Patents
Method for determining explosive loading of deep blasting of rock burst mine roof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115096155A CN115096155A CN202210784711.7A CN202210784711A CN115096155A CN 115096155 A CN115096155 A CN 115096155A CN 202210784711 A CN202210784711 A CN 202210784711A CN 115096155 A CN115096155 A CN 115096155A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining explosive loading in deep blasting of a rock burst mine roof, which comprises the following steps: s1, respectively acquiring the theoretical loading and the engineering analog loading of deep blasting of a top plate based on a loading theoretical mode and an engineering analog mode; s2, determining initial blasting charge based on the theoretical charge and engineering analog charge; and S3, performing roof blasting based on the initial blasting explosive loading, and determining the final blasting explosive loading by checking the field pressure relief effect. The invention can accurately obtain better blasting charge amount suitable for conditions such as site engineering geology and the like, not only achieves the expected pressure relief effect, but also can reduce the time and economic cost of coal mine enterprises so as to realize safe, economic and efficient mining of coal mines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining and coal mine safety, and particularly relates to a method for determining deep blasting explosive loading of a rock burst mine roof.
Background
In recent years, rock burst accidents frequently occur, and serious threats are caused to the safety production of coal mines, so that the research on rock burst is continuously increased at home and abroad, and in the aspect of prevention and treatment technology, the treatment aspect of thick and hard top plates is verified by practice, the top plate presplitting blasting with the best effect is adopted, but in the application process of various mines, because the presplitting blasting pressure relief mechanism of the top plates is not clear, the pressure relief effect is not deeply summarized and analyzed, the design of blasting charge parameters is unreasonable, the good pressure relief effect cannot be achieved, repeated pressure relief is often required, and manpower and material resources are wasted.
The method has the advantages that the roof blasting charge quantity parameters are accurately obtained, and the method has important significance for realizing effective roof blasting engineering and even ensuring safe and economic mining of mines. At present, aiming at the determination of the explosive loading of the top plate blast hole, the explosive loading is mostly calculated based on the analogy of engineering experience or a single blasting theory, the effective inspection of the pressure relief effect is lacked to optimize the explosive loading, an effective explosive loading determination method is not formed, and the selection of the explosive loading is easily inappropriate. Too little loading can cause the pressure relief effect to be unexpected, and blasting holes need to be repaired, which causes construction economy and waste of time cost. Meanwhile, the loading amount is too much, so that the pressure relief is excessive and the safety production is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for determining deep blasting explosive loading of a rock burst mine roof. The invention can accurately obtain better blasting charge amount suitable for conditions such as site engineering geology and the like, not only achieves the expected pressure relief effect, but also can reduce the time and economic cost of coal mine enterprises so as to realize safe, economic and efficient mining of coal mines.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for determining the deep blasting charge of a rock burst mine roof, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring theoretical loading and engineering analog loading of deep blasting of a top plate;
s2, determining initial blasting charge based on the theoretical charge and engineering analog charge;
and S3, performing roof blasting based on the initial blasting explosive loading, and determining the final blasting explosive loading by checking the field pressure relief effect.
Optionally, in the S1, acquiring the theoretical charge of the deep blasting of the top plate based on a charge theoretical mode;
the theoretical mode of the medicine loading is as follows:
Q＝λ(0.4+0.6η 3 )q y lπr 2 (1)
wherein Q is the loading quantity of the top plate blasting, lambda is the correction coefficient of the top plate blasting, eta is the blasting effect index, Q y The unit explosive consumption of top plate presplitting blasting and the unit explosive length of the top plate presplitting blasting areDegree, r is the radius of the fracture zone, q s Is unit dosage of a standard throwing blasting funnel.
Optionally, in S1, acquiring the engineering analogy loading of the deep top plate blasting based on the engineering analogy mode;
the engineering analogy method comprises:
acquiring a top plate blasting charge quantity parameter of a preset area;
screening the top plate blasting charge quantity parameters based on preset conditions;
and acquiring the loading quantity of the engineering model based on the screening result.
Optionally, the preset area is any one of an adjacent working face, an adjacent mining area and an adjacent mine of a working face for implementing roof blasting engineering.
Optionally, the preset condition includes: engineering geology, construction environment and pressure relief effect requirements.
Optionally, determining the initial blast charge comprises:
comparing the theoretical loading with the engineering analog loading;
and determining the initial blasting explosive loading according to the actual engineering conditions based on the comparison result.
Optionally, determining the blast charge by examining the field pressure relief effect comprises:
acquiring monitoring data of a working face before and after top plate blasting is implemented;
analyzing the field pressure relief effect based on the monitoring data;
presetting a pressure relief effect threshold, wherein if the pressure relief effect reaches the pressure relief effect threshold, the initial blasting explosive loading is the final blasting explosive loading; and if the pressure relief effect does not reach the pressure relief effect threshold value, returning to the step S2, determining the new initial blasting explosive loading, developing a new blasting project, and continuing to carry out the test of the blasting pressure relief effect until the pressure relief effect threshold value is reached.
Optionally, the monitoring data includes at least one of pressure step data, microseismic data, scaffold resistance data, or drill cuttings data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
the method comprises the steps of calculating the loading of top plate blasting performed on an underground tunnel of the underground coal mine in the impact area, comparing and analyzing the loading calculated by a blasting theory and the loading obtained by engineering analogy, determining the initial blasting loading, and judging whether the initial blasting loading is feasible or not by checking the pressure relief effect on the site; if the pressure relief does not reach the expected effect, the loading and the engineering analogy loading are calculated again according to the theory to carry out parameter optimization until the expected pressure relief effect is achieved. The invention has strong operability, can achieve the expected pressure relief effect, can reduce the time and the economic cost of coal mine enterprises, and has high practical application value.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and the description of the exemplary embodiments of the application are intended to be illustrative of the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining deep blasting explosive loading of a rock burst mine roof according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration 205 of the parameters of a pressure relief blast section of a face plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the distribution of the initial blast charge area to the pressure step of the working face 205 of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a 205 work surface blasting charge optimization post pressure step distribution according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a change rule of the support resistance before and after the optimization of the blasting charge amount of the 205 working face in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for determining a deep blasting charge of a rock burst mine roof, including:
s1, respectively acquiring theoretical loading and engineering analogy loading of deep blasting of a top plate based on a loading theoretical mode and an engineering analogy mode;
s2, determining initial blasting charge based on the theoretical charge and engineering analog charge;
and S3, performing roof blasting based on the initial blasting explosive loading, and determining the final blasting explosive loading by checking the field pressure relief effect.
Further, the theoretical mode of the loading amount is as follows:
Q＝λ(0.4+0.6η 3 )q y lπr 2 (1)
wherein Q is the top plate blasting charge, lambda is the top plate blasting correction coefficient, eta is the blasting effect index, Q is the blasting effect index y The unit explosive consumption of top plate presplitting blasting, l is the explosive loading length, r is the radius of the fracture zone, q s Is unit explosive consumption of a standard throwing blasting funnel.
Further, obtaining the engineering analogy loading based on the engineering analogy manner comprises:
acquiring a top plate blasting charge quantity parameter of a preset area;
screening the top plate blasting charge quantity parameters based on preset conditions;
and acquiring the loading quantity of the engineering analogy based on the screening result.
Further, the preset area is any one of an adjacent working face, an adjacent mining area and an adjacent mine of the working face for implementing the roof blasting engineering.
Further, the preset conditions include: engineering geology, construction environment and pressure relief effect requirements.
Further, determining the initial blast charge comprises:
comparing the theoretical loading with the engineering analog loading;
and determining the initial blasting explosive loading according to the actual engineering conditions based on the comparison result.
Further, by examining the pressure relief effect at the site, determining the blast charge amount comprises:
acquiring monitoring data of a working face before and after top plate blasting is implemented;
analyzing the field pressure relief effect based on the monitoring data;
presetting an expected pressure relief effect, wherein if the pressure relief effect reaches the expected pressure relief effect, the initial blasting charge is the final blasting charge; and if the pressure relief effect does not reach the expected pressure relief effect, returning to the step S2, determining the new initial blasting explosive loading, developing a new blasting engineering, and continuing to carry out the test of the blasting pressure relief effect until the expected pressure relief effect is achieved.
Further, the monitoring data includes at least one of pressure step data, microseismic data, cradle resistance data, or drill cuttings data.
In order to further verify the effectiveness of the method for determining the explosive loading in the deep part of the mine roof of rock burst according to the invention, roof blasting is performed during the stoping period of a selected working face of a certain mine 205 in the embodiment to verify, the pressure relief effect of the roof blasting is verified, and the optimization of the explosive loading is performed.
The top plate blasting of the working face aims at the old top of a hard thick rock stratum, breaks the continuity of the hard thick rock stratum, promotes the crack development and prevents the impact power from showing due to sudden fracture caused by overlarge top plate exposed area in the working face stoping process; and secondly, the working face top plate is disconnected with the goaf top plate, so that the pressure of the goaf top plate is prevented from being transmitted to the working face. Referring to the drilling histogram near the working face, it was found that a 21m thick layer of coarse sandstone at a location 14m above the coal seam roof had a greater effect on the activity of the overburden at the working face, and therefore the formation had to be blasted. The determined blasting basic parameters according to the field working conditions are shown in table 1, and a schematic diagram is shown in fig. 2.
TABLE 1
(1) The top plate blasting charge is calculated through a charge theory, and values of all required indexes calculated in a charge theory formula are shown in a table 2.
Q＝λ(0.4+0.6η 3 )q y lπr 2 (1)
Wherein Q is the top plate blasting charge, lambda is the top plate blasting correction coefficient, eta is the blasting effect index, Q is the blasting effect index y The unit explosive consumption of the top plate pre-splitting blasting is shown, l is the explosive loading length, r is the radius of a fracture area, q s Is unit dosage of a standard throwing blasting funnel.
TABLE 2
The total charge for the roof blast was found to be about 81.4kg for a charge length of 20m by theoretical calculation.
(2) And (4) referring to the blasting parameters of the top plate of the adjacent working face of the mine. The conditions of engineering geology, construction environment, pressure relief effect requirements and the like of the working face of the mine 204 are relatively close to those of the working face of the mine 205, and the parameters of the blasting of the construction roof of the working face of the mine 204 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
The blasting charge of the 204 working face top plate is 20kg, and considering that the drilling depth and the charging length of 204 are smaller than those of 205 working face, the engineering analogy determines that the blasting charge of 205 working face top plate is 30kg to achieve the expected effect of 205 working face top plate blasting pressure relief.
(3) And (4) comprehensively comparing 81.4kg of top plate blasting charge obtained by charge theory calculation and 30kg of top plate blasting charge obtained by an engineering type comparison method, and determining 205 the initial charge of top plate blasting on the working surface to be 30 kg.
In summary, the initial blasting charge is determined according to actual engineering conditions, that is, firstly, a working face of an engineering analogy is selected to have approximate conditions with a working face of blasting work to be carried out, the blasting amount is determined mainly from the stratum level and the stratum thickness to be blasted and the stratum hardness (stratum compressive strength) of the blasting engineering, and the layer level and the thickness targeted by 204 blasting are both smaller than that of a working face 205, so that the blasting charge is determined by analogy to the blasting charge of the working face 204, and then the layer level and the thickness of the working face 205 and the stratum hardness (stratum compressive strength) of the working face are considered, and the charge is determined comprehensively.
(4)205, the working face top plate blasting engineering is implemented, and the blasting pressure relief effect of the working face is checked by analyzing the periodic pressure step distance. 205 face initial roof burst pressure relief scheme the pressure area to pressure step is shown in figure 3.
And combining 205 actual mine pressure observation of the working face, wherein the old top initial pressure step distance of the working face is 56 m. Then 205 the face cycle step size is about 1/2.45 times the old top first step size, i.e., about 22.9 m. The measured average data of the working face period pressure step pitch of 205 is about 22.06m, which is reduced by about 3.6 percent compared with the theoretical analysis value. And the average step distance of the periodic pressure coming is about 22.06m and is larger than the hole distance (the hole distance is 10m) of the deep hole blasting of the top plates of the two gate roads on the working face, so that the insufficient pressure relief caused by the fact that the deep hole blasting of the top plates cannot perform a good cracking effect on the top plates due to small blasting explosive loading is reflected.
(5)205, the initial blasting charge of the working face is insufficient, and an ideal pressure relief effect cannot be achieved. And calculating the charge quantity value and the engineering analogy charge quantity value by combining theory, optimizing the blasting charge quantity according to the initial charge quantity blasting pressure relief effect, determining the optimized blasting charge quantity to be 60kg, and implementing the top plate blasting engineering according to the optimized blasting charge quantity.
(6) And (5) after the blasting parameters are optimized, carrying out pressure relief effect inspection. Figure 4 is a plot of the face coming pace distribution 205 after the blast charge optimization.
205 the measured average data of the periodic pressure step of the pressure relief area after the optimization of the blasting charge of the working face top plate is about 14.78m, which is reduced by about 35.5 percent compared with the theoretical analysis value and reduced by about 33 percent compared with the pressure relief area of the initial blasting charge, and the reduction is obvious, which shows that the pressure relief effect is good after the optimization of the charge parameters, the pressure step and the strength of the working face can be reduced, and the expected pressure relief effect is achieved.
Meanwhile, the blasting pressure relief effect is optimized by means of the change rule of 205 working face support resistance monitoring data detection parameters. FIG. 5 shows a change rule of support resistance monitoring data before and after the optimization of 205 working face roof blasting charge parameters. It can be clearly seen from fig. 5 that the support resistance in the working surface of the initial explosive loading blasting area is obviously higher, and the top plate moves violently in this stage, which reflects that the pressure relief effect of the top plate is not ideal. And in the blasting pressure relief area after the explosive loading is optimized, the resistance of the working face support is obviously lower, and the activity of the top plate in the area is low, which shows that the optimized explosive loading is feasible and the expected pressure relief effect can be achieved.
In the embodiment, the loading of the top plate blasting of the underground tunnel of the impact ground pressure coal mine is calculated, the loading calculated by a blasting theory and the loading obtained by engineering analogy are compared and analyzed to determine the initial blasting loading, and the pressure relief effect of the site is checked by at least one of periodic pressure step monitoring, microseismic monitoring, bracket resistance monitoring or drilling cutting monitoring to judge whether the initial blasting loading is feasible or not; if the pressure relief does not reach the expected effect, the loading and the engineering analogy loading are calculated again according to the theory to carry out parameter optimization until the expected pressure relief effect is achieved. The invention has strong operability, can achieve the expected pressure relief effect, can reduce the time and the economic cost of coal mine enterprises, and has high practical application value.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for determining explosive loading in deep blasting of a rock burst mine roof is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring theoretical loading and engineering analog loading of deep blasting of a top plate;
s2, determining initial blasting charge based on the theoretical charge and engineering analog charge;
and S3, performing roof blasting based on the initial blasting explosive loading, and determining the final blasting explosive loading by checking the field pressure relief effect.
2. The method of determining the explosive loading for deep blasting of mine roof for rock burst according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the theoretical explosive loading for deep blasting of roof is obtained based on a theoretical mode of explosive loading;
the theoretical mode of the medicine loading amount is as follows:
Q＝λ(0.4+0.6η 3 )q y lπr 2 (1)
wherein Q is the top plate blasting charge, lambda is the top plate blasting correction coefficient, eta is the blasting effect index, Q is the blasting effect index y The unit explosive consumption of top plate presplitting blasting, l is the explosive loading length, r is the radius of the fracture zone, q s Is unit explosive consumption of a standard throwing blasting funnel.
3. The method of determining the charge for a deep blasting of a roof for a percussive mine according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the charge for the deep blasting of the roof is obtained based on a project analogy manner;
the engineering analogy method comprises:
acquiring a top plate blasting charge quantity parameter of a preset area;
screening the top plate blasting charge quantity parameters based on preset conditions;
and acquiring the loading quantity of the engineering model based on the screening result.
4. The method for determining the deep blasting charge of the rock burst mine roof according to claim 3, wherein the preset area is any one of an adjacent working face, an adjacent mining area and an adjacent mine for implementing a roof blasting engineering working face.
5. The method of determining the explosive loading for deep blasting of rock burst mine roof as claimed in claim 3, wherein said preset conditions include: engineering geology, construction environment and pressure relief effect requirements.
6. The method of determining a blast charge in deep mining with percussive drilling as set forth in claim 1, wherein determining the initial blast charge includes:
comparing the theoretical loading amount with the engineering analog loading amount;
and determining the initial blasting explosive loading according to the actual engineering conditions based on the comparison result.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the blast charge by examining the field pressure relief effect comprises:
acquiring monitoring data of a working face before and after top plate blasting is implemented;
analyzing the field pressure relief effect based on the monitoring data;
presetting a pressure relief effect threshold, wherein if the pressure relief effect reaches the pressure relief effect threshold, the initial blasting charge is the final blasting charge; and if the pressure relief effect does not reach the pressure relief effect threshold value, returning to the step S2, determining the new initial blasting explosive loading, developing a new blasting project, and continuing to carry out the test of the blasting pressure relief effect until the pressure relief effect threshold value is reached.
8. The method of determining a blast charge deep in a percussive mine roof as set forth in claim 7, wherein the monitored data includes at least one of pressure step data, microseismic data, cradle resistance data, or drill cuttings data.
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