CN115096009B - Wet desulfurization zero-water consumption system combining middle-shallow geothermal energy and working method thereof - Google Patents
Wet desulfurization zero-water consumption system combining middle-shallow geothermal energy and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T50/00—Geothermal systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/004—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system with conventional supplementary heat source
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/06—Solid fuel fired boiler
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/11—Geothermal energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combined with middle-shallow geothermal energy and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of flue gas water conservation and waste heat recovery. The device comprises a secondary waste heat recovery device, a desulfurizing tower, a primary waste heat recovery device, a flue gas purification device, a biomass co-firing boiler, a series U-shaped geothermal well, a heating water heat-taking three-way valve, a winter domestic water three-way valve, a heat-taking outlet three-way valve and a switching cold source three-way valve. The off-season energy storage and wet desulfurization water saving are combined, cold resources in winter are fully utilized for saving water, the temperature of circulating cooling water is gradually increased in summer through a multi-stage waste heat recovery system, and heat energy is stored underground. The invention has high automation degree, low energy consumption, good water-saving effect and low wastewater treatment cost, combines season switching of cold sources and cross-season energy storage and energy taking, and realizes full utilization of energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas water conservation and waste heat recovery, and particularly relates to a wet desulfurization zero-water consumption system combining middle-shallow geothermal energy and a working method thereof.
Background
Most of the coal industry is concentrated in northern resource cities, and other cities are serious in drought and land desertification due to less rain, large wind and sand and the like except for part of resource cities close to rivers. The cleaning and desulfurization of the flue gas are water consuming households, and water resources with different clean degrees are fully utilized, so that the sewage treatment procedures are reduced, the recycling of the water resources is realized, and the drought problem of northern resource cities is relieved.
The existing wet desulfurization zero water consumption device mainly has the problems that the temperature of cooling water cannot be regulated in multiple stages, the true zero water consumption cannot be achieved, partial desulfurization wastewater can be generated when the temperature is too low, the desulfurization wastewater amount is small, the treatment cost is relatively high, and the slurry of a desulfurization tower needs to be supplemented when the temperature is too high; the energy storage can not be realized in a cross-season mode, the mismatch of the supply and the demand of the waste heat energy source in time and space can not be solved, and meanwhile, the cold resources in winter are not fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide the wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combined with the middle-shallow geothermal energy and the working method thereof, which have the advantages of high automation degree, low energy consumption, good water saving effect, low wastewater treatment cost, combination of seasonal switching of cold sources, and cross-season energy storage and energy taking, thereby realizing full utilization of energy.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a wet desulphurization zero water consumption system combining middle-shallow geothermal energy, which comprises a secondary waste heat recovery device, a desulfurizing tower, a primary waste heat recovery device, a flue gas purification device, a biomass co-firing boiler, a serial U-shaped geothermal well, a heating water heating three-way valve, a winter domestic water three-way valve, a heating outlet three-way valve and a switching cold source three-way valve;
the heat exchanger of the primary waste heat recovery device is an indirect heat exchanger, and the secondary waste heat recovery device comprises an indirect heat exchanger and a spray type heat exchanger; the flue gas inlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device is connected with a flue gas inlet pipe, the flue gas outlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device is connected with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower, the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is connected with the flue gas inlet of the primary waste heat recovery device, and the flue gas outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device is connected with the flue gas purification device;
the condensate water outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device is respectively connected with the spray water inlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device and the spray cleaning device, and the condensate water outlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device is connected with the water supplementing port of the desulfurizing tower; the waste liquid outlet of the desulfurizing tower and the dust outlet of the biomass blending combustion boiler are both connected to the post-treatment unit;
the switching cold source three-way valve is respectively connected with an external cold water pipe, a cooling water inlet and a heat extraction outlet three-way valve of the primary waste heat recovery device; the cooling water outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device is connected with the cooling water inlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device, and the cooling water outlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device, the heating water heating three-way valve and the domestic hot water supply pipe are connected; the heating water heat-taking three-way valve is also respectively connected with a heating water pipe and an inlet of the series U-shaped geothermal well; the outlet of the series U-shaped geothermal well and the heating water pipe are respectively connected with a three-way valve of the heat extraction outlet; the heating water pipe is connected with the biomass mixing boiler, the biomass mixing boiler is connected with the heat user, and the heat user is connected with the heating water pipe.
Preferably, the series U-shaped geothermal wells comprise a plurality of U-shaped geothermal wells, the outer layers of the U-shaped geothermal wells are provided with heat storage materials, and adjacent U-shaped geothermal wells are connected through a series well three-way valve.
Preferably, a modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger, a spraying cleaning device and a demisting device are arranged in the primary waste heat recovery device along the flow direction of the flue gas; the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger comprises a plurality of condensing pipes, and the outer walls of the condensing pipes are provided with hydrophobic layers; the condensate water outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device is respectively connected with the spray water inlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device and the spray cleaning device, and a dosing neutralization device is arranged between the condensate water outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device and the spray cleaning device; the condensing tubes in the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger are divided into a plurality of groups, and a partition plate is arranged between each group; the upper stream of the condensing tube is provided with a baffle plate, and the baffle plate can adjust the number of the condensing tube groups participating in flue gas heat exchange.
Further preferably, the demisting device is one or more of a baffle type demisting device, a ridge type demisting device or a pipe type demisting device; the spray cleaning device is arranged above the demisting device.
Preferably, a heat conducting plastic finned tube heat exchanger is arranged in the secondary waste heat recovery device.
Preferably, the condensed water outlets of the secondary waste heat recovery device and the primary waste heat recovery device are connected with a condensed water flow measuring device, the condensed water flow measuring device is connected with a sewage treatment valve, the sewage treatment valve is connected with a sewage treatment centrifugal device, the sewage treatment centrifugal device is connected with a fresh water supplementing valve, and the fresh water supplementing valve is also connected with a water supplementing port of the desulfurizing tower and a wastewater centralized treatment unit; the fresh water supplementing valve receives a liquid level signal of the desulfurizing tower.
Further preferably, the heating water heat-taking three-way valve, the winter domestic water three-way valve, the heat-taking outlet three-way valve, the switching cold source three-way valve and the fresh water supplementing valve are all electric cock three-way valves.
Preferably, the heating water pipe is provided with a heating water state monitoring device.
The working method of the wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combining the middle-shallow geothermal energy disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that in summer, industrial saturated or supersaturated flue gas is subjected to full heat exchange through a secondary waste heat recovery device, the flue gas is cooled to reach proper desulfurization temperature, and after desulfurization in a desulfurization tower, the flue gas enters a primary waste heat recovery device to further recover waste heat and moisture, and then is discharged after dust removal through a flue gas purification device; the condensed water and the spray water are collected and added into a desulfurizing tower to be used as slurry supplementing water; the condensed water part is used as spray water of the secondary waste heat recovery device, the other part is used as clean water of a demisting device in the primary waste heat recovery device, and then the clean water is collected into the secondary waste heat recovery device to be used as spray water; the wet desulfurization zero water consumption is realized by adjusting the number of the U-shaped geothermal wells connected in series;
the external cold water is directly used as cooling water in winter, and is directly used as domestic warm water after passing through a primary waste heat recovery device and a secondary waste heat recovery device; heating water absorbs heat in the series U-shaped geothermal wells, and then is heated into heating water reaching the temperature standard through the biomass mixing boiler to be supplied to heat users, and the heating water returns to the series U-shaped geothermal wells for next circulation after heat exchange; alkaline biomass fly ash generated by the biomass mixing boiler and acid waste liquid of the desulfurizing tower enter a post-treatment unit after being neutralized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses a wet desulphurization zero water consumption system combining middle-shallow geothermal energy, which combines out-of-season energy storage and wet desulphurization water conservation, fully utilizes winter cold resources for water conservation, gradually increases the temperature of circulating cooling water in summer through a multi-stage waste heat recovery system, and stores heat energy underground, so that the aim of cross-season energy storage is achieved on one hand, and the temperature of outlet flue gas and the amount of flue gas condensation water are controlled by controlling the number of serially connected geothermal wells and the relative constant-temperature underground environment on the other hand; the modularized primary waste heat recovery device is combined, the condensed water quantity is further controlled by controlling the number of stages of the heat exchangers participating in heat exchange, and the purpose of zero water consumption of wet desulfurization is achieved. The number of stages of the valve switch of the geothermal system in series and the modularized heat exchange device participating in heat exchange is changed by automatically monitoring the condensation water quantity and the water level of the wet desulfurization system, and the condensation water quantity is controlled to be consistent with the water consumption of the wet desulfurization; the problem that the wastewater cost is relatively high due to the fact that the temperature of the circulating water is high in summer and the amount of the condensed water is small is avoided. Comprehensively considering that the excessive sewage generated by treatment is avoided by achieving wet desulfurization zero water consumption in summer; in winter, cold resources of the environment are fully utilized to efficiently recycle the moisture in the flue gas, condensed water is centrifugally treated to separate fresh water concentrate, the concentrate is preferentially used as the slurry replenishing water of the desulfurizing tower, the liquid level of the desulfurizing tower is monitored, a fresh water valve is controlled to switch to replenish fresh water into the slurry replenishing water of the desulfurizing tower, and the rest of fresh water is intensively treated on a large scale. In winter, the temperature of the heated water is raised through heat exchange of the geothermal wells in series, so that resources are saved, and the temperature of the heating water at the outlet is raised through blending the biomass fuel without reaching the temperature requirement. The ash slag of the blended and burned biomass contains alkaline substances, and the alkaline substances can be blended with waste liquid of a desulfurization tower to neutralize the PH value. Compared with natural cooling, an open condensing tower, a closed condensing tower, a water chiller and other methods for cooling circulating water, the method for controlling the temperature of the geothermal well in series in summer is environment-friendly, energy-saving and stable in operation, and the temperature of the cooling water is relatively stable. And natural cold water is used as a medium for flue gas condensation in winter, and the heat-exchanged water is used as domestic warm water to improve the comfort level of water used in winter while the environment cold energy resource is fully utilized.
The working method of the wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combining the middle and shallow geothermal energy disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high automation degree, low energy consumption, good water saving effect, and combination of seasonal switching of cold sources and cross-season energy storage and energy taking.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a primary waste heat recovery device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a primary waste heat recovery device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a secondary waste heat recovery device;
fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a secondary waste heat recovery device.
In the figure: 1 is a secondary waste heat recovery device, 2 is a desulfurizing tower, 3 is a primary waste heat recovery device, 4 is a flue gas purification device, 5 is a biomass mixing boiler, 6 is a series U-shaped geothermal well, 7 is a heat storage material, 8 is a series well three-way valve, 9 is a heating water heating three-way valve, 10 is a winter domestic water three-way valve, 11 is a heat taking outlet three-way valve, 12 is a switching cold source three-way valve, 13 is a heat conducting plastic finned tube heat exchanger, 14 is a condensate water flow measuring device, 15 is a sewage treatment valve, 16 is a sewage treatment centrifugal device, 17 is a fresh water supplementing valve, 18 is a spray cooling device, 19 is a baffle, 20 is a modularized corrosion-resistant high molecular heat exchanger, 21 is a spray cleaning device, 22 is a defogging device, 23 is a dosing neutralization device, 24 is a controller, and 25 is a heating water state monitoring device.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the content of which is to be interpreted as illustrative and not limiting:
as shown in figure 1, the wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combining middle and shallow geothermal heat comprises a primary waste heat recovery device 3, a secondary waste heat recovery device 1, a desulfurizing tower 2, a series U-shaped geothermal well 6, a flue gas purification device 4 and a biomass mixing boiler 5; the system is divided into three paths, namely a smoke gas path, a condensation water path and a cooling circulation water path.
The circulating cooling water stores heat energy underground through the series U-shaped geothermal well 6; in summer, the serial U-shaped geothermal wells 6 are used as cold sources of circulating cooling water, and zero water consumption of wet desulfurization is realized by changing the number of the U-shaped geothermal wells connected into the circulation and the number of modularized heat exchange devices participating in heat exchange stages; in winter, cold water is directly used as cooling water to cool a large amount of flue gas moisture, the moisture is concentrated and collected after the water consumption of the desulfurizing tower is supplemented, the cold water and the flue gas are stored as domestic water after heat exchange, and a heating water pipeline is connected with the series U-shaped geothermal well 6 to form a loop, so that energy is saved by heat extraction of the geothermal well.
The sensor monitors the mass flow of condensed water and the slurry liquid level of the wet desulfurization system in summer, and the PLC or DCS automatic control system changes the serial number of the U-shaped geothermal wells and the number of stages participating in heat exchange in the modularized heat exchange device, so that the condensed water quantity is controlled to achieve wet desulfurization zero water consumption, and redundant desulfurization wastewater is avoided being treated; in winter, the cooling water and the flue gas are partially stored as factory domestic warm water after heat exchange, the heating water state monitoring device 25 monitors the outlet flow of the heating circulating water, an automatic control system is used for controlling the heated cooling water to partially supplement the consumption of the heating circulating water, the heating circulating water is introduced into a series U-shaped geothermal well to reduce the energy for heating the heating circulating water, the outlet heating water state monitoring device 25 monitors the temperature of the heating circulating water, the biomass fuel is doped to heat the heating water, and the biomass fuel is doped to produce alkaline dust and wet desulfurization waste liquid for neutralization; in winter, condensed water is concentrated, separated concentrated water is preferentially used as wet desulfurization slurry to be supplemented, a liquid level PLC or a DCS automatic control system of a monitoring wet desulfurization system takes a small part of separated fresh water as desulfurization tower slurry to be supplemented, and the rest fresh water is concentrated in wastewater treatment and collection.
The cooling water exchanges heat with the low-temperature flue gas through the primary waste heat recovery device 3 and exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas through the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 again; the primary waste heat recovery device 3 is used for manufacturing a heat exchange device by using a corrosion-resistant polymer material, and recovering the waste heat and the moisture in the saturated flue gas; the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 is combined with an indirect condensing device and a spray cooling device to cool the flue gas, wherein the spray water source is condensed water of the primary waste heat recovery device 3; manufacturing an indirect heat exchange device by using a corrosion-resistant high polymer material; the spray cooling device cleans the indirect heat exchange device to ensure the heat transfer efficiency of long-time operation.
The temperature control system monitors the ambient water temperature, the water temperature is lower than a set value, the water saving efficiency is high, the ambient cold water is directly used as cooling water, and the cooling water is not directly stored as domestic warm water by being led into a geothermal well after heat exchange; the heating water is heated in a series connection of U-shaped geothermal wells 6, which comprise a number of series connection of U-shaped geothermal wells, the geothermal part being filled with a heat storage material 7.
The primary waste heat recovery device 3 is in modularized design, the temperature of a flue gas outlet and the condensation water quantity of the flue gas are controlled by changing the number of stages of the flue gas passing through the heat exchanger, the condensation water quantity is further controlled after the number of geothermal wells is changed, the zero water consumption of wet desulfurization in summer is ensured, and redundant desulfurization waste water is not generated. The cold energy resources are sufficient in winter, the cold water is easy to obtain, the cold water is directly used for the cooling water, a large amount of condensed water is generated, and the water-saving performance price ratio is high through unified collection and treatment.
The region where the demisting device 22 is located is provided with a spray cleaning device 21 for cleaning the blades of the demisting device, and condensed water of saturated flue gas is used for cleaning the surface of the demisting device 22 through a dosing neutralization device. The spray water and condensed water of the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 are introduced into the desulfurizing tower 2 to be used as the slurry water replenishing of the desulfurizing tower with the lowest water quality requirement.
In a flue gas path, the flue gas is cooled by a secondary waste heat recovery device 1, a spray cooling device 18 and a heat conduction plastic finned tube heat exchanger 13 with small occupied space to reach proper temperature for wet desulfurization, the flue gas is desulfurized by a desulfurizing tower 2, the flue gas after desulfurization by the spray environment in the desulfurizing tower 2 still maintains a saturated or supersaturated state, and the flue gas further collects moisture in the flue gas and cools the flue gas by a primary waste heat recovery device 3 to achieve the purposes of flue gas whitening, water saving and energy saving.
In the condensation waterway, the flow rate of the condensed water depends on the temperature and the flow rate of the circulating cooling water.
In summer, the cold source of the circulating cooling water is a series U-shaped geothermal well 6, so that the cold source is stable, the generated cold quantity is less, the condensed moisture of the flue gas is less, and the cost performance of sewage treatment is low, therefore, the wet desulfurization zero water consumption is adopted, and the condensed wastewater is avoided being treated. Under the condition that the flow rate of the circulating cooling water is constant, the temperature of the cooling water is changed by changing the number of the series U-shaped geothermal wells 6, and the larger the number of the series U-shaped geothermal wells 6 is, the larger the heat exchanged between the circulating cooling water and the underground heat storage material 7 is, and the lower the temperature of the circulating cooling water is. The condensed water part in the primary waste heat recovery device 3 is used as a water source of the spray cleaning device 21 by neutralizing the acidity in the condensed water through the dosing neutralization device 23, the water part is collected after the demisting device is cleaned, and the water part is used as spray water of the spray cooling device 18 in the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 together with the other part, so that heat transfer is enhanced while the heat conduction plastic finned tube heat exchanger 13 is cleaned; collecting spray water and condensed water below the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 in summer as slurry water supplement of the desulfurization tower 2 for wet desulfurization, and collecting spray water and condensed water concentrated water below the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 in winter to be preferentially used as slurry water supplement of the desulfurization tower 2, wherein fresh water part is used as water supplement part for centralized sewage treatment; the liquid level meter monitors the liquid level of the desulfurizing tower 2 and the condensate flow rate of the flue gas measured by the condensate flow rate measuring device 14 through the two waste heat recovery devices, so that the number of the series U-shaped geothermal wells 6 and the number of modules used by the flue gas in the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20 are controlled, and zero water consumption of wet desulfurization is realized, and wastewater treatment is avoided.
In winter, the environmental cold water is directly used as cooling water, water in smoke is condensed by fully utilizing cold resources in winter, and sewage treatment is collected and concentrated; the condensed water is separated into concentrated water and fresh water by a sewage treatment centrifugal device 16, the concentrated water is directly used as wet desulfurization water supplementing, the liquid level of the desulfurization tower 2 is monitored, a PLC or DCS automatic control system is utilized to control a fresh water supplementing valve 17, part of fresh water is used as slurry supplementing water of the desulfurization tower 2, and the rest of fresh water is collected and then is treated in a concentrated mode.
In the cooling water loop, the relatively constant temperature underground temperature is used as a cold source in summer, and the cooling water circulates in a pipeline; external cold water is directly used as cooling water in winter, and a heating water heat-taking three-way valve 9, a winter domestic water three-way valve 10, a heat-taking outlet three-way valve 11 and a switching cold source three-way valve 12 are changed; the cooling water is not circulated after passing through the primary waste heat recovery device 3 and the secondary waste heat recovery device 1, and is directly collected to serve as the domestic warm water of the factory, so that the water comfort level of the factory in winter is improved; the heating water pipeline is connected to the U-shaped geothermal well 6 in series, the heating water circulates in the heating system and the geothermal system, geothermal resources stored in summer are utilized, the temperature of the outlet water of the geothermal is generally about 40 ℃, the water stored in the U-shaped geothermal well 6 in series in summer undergoes heat exchange between the primary waste heat recovery device 3 and flue gas at about 50 ℃, the heat exchange is carried out between the primary waste heat recovery device 1 and flue gas at about 110 ℃, and the water is used for heating the heating water in winter after long-time operation in summer; the heating water passes through the series U-shaped geothermal well 6 and is provided with a heating water state monitoring device 25 and a biomass mixing boiler 5, the heating water state monitoring device 25 monitors the temperature of the heating water, the biomass mixing boiler 5 heats heating circulating water with the temperature not reaching the standard, the generated alkaline biomass fly ash is mixed with waste liquid of the desulfurizing tower 2, and the acidity in the alkaline biomass fly ash is neutralized to provide convenience for the subsequent pollutant treatment; the heating water state monitoring device 25 monitors the flow rate of heating water, and controls the heating water heat-taking three-way valve 9 and the winter domestic water three-way valve 10 to supplement a part of the hot water after heat exchange to the heating system.
The heat exchangers in the primary waste heat recovery device 3 and the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 are made of corrosion-resistant polymer materials, and are more durable and longer in service life.
As shown in fig. 2, the condensation of the flue gas is controlled by an automatic control system, and whether the ambient water temperature reaches a temperature capable of generating a large amount of condensed water is monitored firstly, wherein the set temperature is 20 ℃; executing a winter mode if the temperature is lower than the set temperature, using ambient cold water as cooling water, separating concentrated water and fresh water at the sewage treatment centrifugal device 16 by condensed water, directly using the concentrated water as supplementing water of the desulfurizing tower 2, controlling the fresh water supplementing valve 17 through the liquid level of the desulfurizing tower to achieve wet desulfurization zero water consumption, and closing the fresh water supplementing valve 17 after the water level of the desulfurizing tower reaches the standard; if the temperature does not reach the set temperature, a summer mode is started, and the series U-shaped geothermal well 6 is used as a cold source. Judging whether the temperature drop of the flue gas and the condensation water quantity are in the regulation and control range of the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20 or not through a program; if not, the flue gas temperature drop and the condensate amount are controlled by changing the number of the series U-shaped geothermal wells 6, and the condensate mass flow is monitored and compared with the liquid level change of the desulfurizing tower 2. The heat exchange quantity of a U-shaped geothermal well with the depth of 150m is 61780730kJ, the temperature and the mass flow of a flue gas inlet and outlet are monitored, the enthalpy change of the flue gas and the latent heat of condensation of water vapor are calculated, the number of the U-shaped geothermal wells 6 connected in series is judged to be reduced or increased, and whether the liquid level change after the number of the geothermal wells is changed is within the regulation and control range of the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20 is judged again; if the water level of the desulfurization tower 2 is within the regulation range of the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20, judging the comparison between the mass flow of the condensed water and the liquid level change of the desulfurization tower 2 again, and increasing and reducing the number of stages of the heat exchanger exchanging heat with the flue gas to finally achieve zero water consumption of wet desulfurization; as shown in fig. 6, the modular corrosion-resistant polymeric heat exchanger 20 is divided into 3 stages by the baffle 19, and the condensate water mass flow rate is changed by the movement of the position of the baffle 19; finally judging whether the liquid level of the desulfurizing tower 2 is normal, and if the liquid level is abnormal, continuously adjusting the number of stages of the heat exchanger exchanging heat with the flue gas.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the primary waste heat recovery device 3 adopts a tube bundle type modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20, the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of condensation tubes which are arranged in parallel flow, counter flow or parallel cross flow, and the outer surfaces of the condensation tubes are provided with hydrophobic layers. The tube bundle type arrangement heat exchange efficiency is higher, the flexibility is not easy to accumulate dust, the tube bundle type fluoroplastic heat exchanger is arranged at a position close to a flue gas outlet, tiny particles in the flue gas are condensed by utilizing thermophoresis force and a rain chamber effect through a saturated vapor pressure environment, the problem that the flue gas purification device has poor collection effect on the tiny particles is solved, and the condensed and grown particles are removed in the flue gas purification device 4. Different numbers of heat exchanger modules participate in heat exchange by changing the position of the baffle plate 19, the baffle plate 19 is provided with two shafts and four fixed points, and the baffle plate 19 is fixed in parallel, so that all three groups of heat exchangers in the figure exchange heat with flue gas; when the baffles 19 are fixed on the wall surface, only the middle group of heat exchangers participate in heat exchange.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 adopts a heat conduction plastic finned tube heat exchanger 13, and has smaller volume and larger surface area. The condensed water of the primary waste heat recovery device 3 is used as spray water of the spray cooling device 18, so that the cleaning and heat exchange enhancing effects are achieved. The temperature of the condensate water of the primary waste heat recovery device 3 is far lower than the temperature of the flue gas in the secondary waste heat recovery device 1, which is about 110 ℃, at 40-50 ℃.
The depth of the U-shaped heat exchange wells 6 connected in series is 150m, the total heat exchange length is more than 300m, the cooling capacity of a single well in summer reaches 61780730kJ, the water temperature is reduced by 2 ℃ when the cooling water flow is 2t/h, and the effects of controlling the temperature of a flue gas outlet in summer and taking heat in winter are achieved through the U-shaped heat exchange wells 6 connected in series.
The heating water heating three-way valve 9, the winter domestic water three-way valve 10, the heating outlet three-way valve 11, the switching cold source three-way valve 12 and the fresh water supplementing valve 17 are all electric cock three-way valves, and any two-way communication or three-way communication can be regulated and controlled.
The demisting device 22 in the primary waste heat recovery device 3 is one or more of a baffle type demisting device, a ridge type demisting device or a tubular demisting device. And intercepting water mist and liquid drops carried by the smoke drag force. Preferably, the spray cleaning device 21 is disposed above the mist eliminator 22 to spray clean particulate matter falling on the mist eliminator blades. The demister is made of stainless steel (such as 316L and 2205) and corrosion-resistant polymer materials. Each part of the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20 is used as a single replaceable module, so that the service life of the whole device is prolonged, and the replacement cost is saved.
The modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20 adopts a fluoroplastic heat exchanger in tube bundle arrangement, and flue gas passes through heat exchange pipelines.
The system is in operation:
the industrial saturated or supersaturated flue gas is reduced to a proper temperature for wet desulfurization through the secondary waste heat recovery device 1, condensed water collected by the primary waste heat recovery device 3 and the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 is reused for multiple times and then is directly used as the supplementing water of the desulfurization tower 2 for wet desulfurization in summer, and the PLC or DCS control system controls the quantity of the geothermal wells and the number of the modular heat exchanger access stages, so that the cost performance of treating a small quantity of condensed water is avoided. In the unified centralized treatment in winter, the concentrated water separated by the sewage treatment centrifugal device 16 is preferentially used as the water supplementing of the desulfurizing tower 2, the fresh water is supplemented by controlling the fresh water supplementing valve 17 through a PLC or DCS control system, and the rest fresh water is centralized for the recovery treatment of the wastewater; the secondary waste heat recovery device 1 combines spray cooling with an indirect heat exchanger; the spray water of the spray cleaning device 21 is condensed water of the primary waste heat recovery device 3, the temperature is below 50 ℃ of flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurization tower, the flue gas at about 110 ℃ is sprayed to form a good heat exchange environment, and the flue gas and the spray water mist at below 50 ℃ are subjected to full heat exchange and clean fins on the surface of the heat conducting plastic finned tube heat exchanger 13 so as to ensure the heat exchange efficiency of long-time operation; the heat exchanger in the primary waste heat recovery device 3 is in a modularized design, and modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchangers 20 are connected in different stages, so that the temperature of a flue gas outlet and the mass flow of condensed water are controlled, the condensed water part is neutralized by a dosing neutralization device 23 to serve as water for a cleaning and demisting device, and the water after the cleaning and demisting device is collected and used as water for a spray cooling device 18 together with the rest part. Circulating water fully absorbs waste heat at the two waste heat recovery devices and is stored in an underground heat storage material 7 through a series U-shaped geothermal well 6, and the quantity of the series geothermal wells is changed by using a relatively constant-temperature underground environment as a cold source to realize wet desulfurization zero water consumption in summer; cold water is used as cooling water in winter, the cooling water is used as domestic water in factories after heat exchange with the two waste heat recovery devices, a factory heating pipeline and a series U-shaped geothermal well 6 form a circulation loop for heating water, a heating water state monitoring device 25 and a biomass blending boiler 5 are arranged at the outlet of the geothermal well, the heating water reaches the required temperature, and the generated alkaline biomass fly ash is neutralized with waste liquid of the desulfurizing tower 2.
The main principle related by the invention is as follows:
the empirical formula of zero water consumption of the wet desulfurization tower at 110 ℃ is as follows:
the empirical formula of zero water consumption of the wet desulfurization tower at 50 ℃ is as follows:
wherein: x is the inlet flue gas water vapor concentration,%; y is the temperature of the outlet flue gas and the temperature is DEG C.
The evaporation capacity of the wet desulfurization process water is represented by the formula:
wherein: h ar 、Ｍ ar Is the weight percentage of the received base of hydrogen and total moisture in the coal; q (Q) y Is the smoke amount, nm ３ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the m is the fuel quantity, kg;αis the excess air factor;d k is the moisture content;V 0 is the theoretical dry air quantity.
The water vapor share at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower is represented by the formula:
wherein:ｔ sld is the saturated wet flue gas temperature，℃；ｐ ｙ Is the pressure Pa of flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower;r H2O is the water vapor share of the outlet of the desulfurizing tower.
Saturated vapor pressure empirical formula:
moisture content formula:
flue gas enthalpy change formula:
wherein:ｔis the saturated wet flue gas temperature，℃；
And (3) calculating heat:
wherein:ris the latent heat of vaporization of water vapor，kj/kg；
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating water status monitoring device 25 measures the flow rate of the heating water using an electromagnetic flowmeter, and the thermocouple monitors the temperature of the heating circulating water flowing into and out of the biomass-blended boiler 5.
The heat-conducting plastic finned tube heat exchanger 13 and the fluoroplastic modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20 both use fluoroplastic Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which is a polymer corrosion-resistant material, and have stable chemical property, good corrosion resistance, hardly react with acid-base substances and are not easy to scale and fall ash due to the smoothness of the flexible surface.
The demisting device 22 is made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), acidic substances in the flue gas are prevented from being corroded, and sealing devices are arranged around the demisting device 22.
The baffle 19 adopts stainless steel 316L, guarantees enough intensity and avoids taking place deformation under the high-flow flue gas washout, has two fixed points in the middle of wall and the flue, changes the progression that modularization corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20 participated in flue gas heat transfer through changing the position of baffle 19.
The fluoroplastic heat exchange tube bundle of the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger 20 has a diameter of 5mm and a wall thickness of 0.6mm, the ratio of the space between the heat exchange tubes to the diameter is 2.5, and the space between the heat exchange tubes is 12.5mm.
The heat conduction plastic finned tube heat exchanger 13 has the pipe diameter of 19mm, and is compact in structure and convenient to install.
The foregoing is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and although some terms are used in the present invention, the use of other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience of description and to explain the nature of the invention and are to be construed as any additional limitations that are not intended to depart from the spirit of the invention. The foregoing description of the invention is provided by way of example only to facilitate easy understanding, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to any particular embodiment or embodiment, and is to be construed as being limited thereto.
Claims (6)
1. The wet desulphurization zero water consumption system combining the middle and shallow geothermal energy is characterized by comprising a secondary waste heat recovery device (1), a desulfurizing tower (2), a primary waste heat recovery device (3), a flue gas purification device (4), a biomass mixing boiler (5), a series U-shaped geothermal well (6), a heating water heating three-way valve (9), a winter living water three-way valve (10), a heating outlet three-way valve (11) and a switching cold source three-way valve (12);
the heat exchanger of the primary waste heat recovery device (3) is an indirect heat exchanger, and the secondary waste heat recovery device (1) comprises an indirect heat exchanger and a spray type heat exchanger; the flue gas inlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device (1) is connected with a flue gas inlet pipe, the flue gas outlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device (1) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower (2), the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower (2) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the primary waste heat recovery device (3), and the flue gas outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device (3) is connected with the flue gas purification device (4);
the condensed water outlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device (1) is connected with the water supplementing port of the desulfurizing tower (2); the waste liquid outlet of the desulfurizing tower (2) and the dust outlet of the biomass mixing boiler (5) are connected to the post-treatment unit; a modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger (20), a spray cleaning device (21) and a demisting device (22) are arranged in the primary waste heat recovery device (3) along the flow direction of the flue gas; the demisting device (22) is one or more of a baffle type demisting device, a ridge type demisting device or a pipe type demisting device; the spray cleaning device (21) is arranged above the demisting device (22); the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger (20) comprises a plurality of condensing pipes, and the outer walls of the condensing pipes are provided with hydrophobic layers; the condensate water outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device (3) is respectively connected with the spray water inlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device (1) and the spray cleaning device (21), and a dosing neutralization device (23) is arranged between the condensate water outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device (3) and the spray cleaning device (21); the condensing tubes in the modularized corrosion-resistant polymer heat exchanger (20) are divided into a plurality of groups, and a partition plate is arranged between each group; a baffle (19) is arranged at the upstream of the condensing tube, and the baffle (19) can adjust the number of the condensing tube groups participating in flue gas heat exchange;
the switching cold source three-way valve (12) is respectively connected with an external cold water pipe, a cooling water inlet and a heat extraction outlet three-way valve (11) of the primary waste heat recovery device (3); the cooling water outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device (3) is connected with the cooling water inlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device (1), and the cooling water outlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device (1), the heating water heat-taking three-way valve (9) and the domestic warm water supply pipe are connected; the heating water heat-taking three-way valve (9) is also respectively connected with a heating water pipe and an inlet of the series U-shaped geothermal well (6); the series U-shaped geothermal wells (6) comprise a plurality of U-shaped geothermal wells, heat storage materials (7) are arranged on the outer layers of the U-shaped geothermal wells, and adjacent U-shaped geothermal wells are connected through series well three-way valves (8); the outlet of the series U-shaped geothermal well (6) and the heating water pipe are respectively connected with a heat extraction outlet three-way valve (11); the heating water pipe is connected with the biomass mixing boiler (5), the biomass mixing boiler (5) is connected with a heat user, and the heat user is connected with the heating water pipe.
2. The wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combined with the middle-shallow geothermal energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that a heat conduction plastic finned tube heat exchanger (13) is arranged inside the secondary waste heat recovery device (1).
3. The wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combining middle and shallow geothermal heat according to claim 1, wherein a condensate water outlet of the secondary waste heat recovery device (1) and a condensate water outlet of the primary waste heat recovery device (3) are connected with a condensate water flow measuring device (14), the condensate water flow measuring device (14) is connected with a sewage treatment valve (15), the sewage treatment valve (15) is connected with a sewage treatment centrifugal device (16), the sewage treatment centrifugal device (16) is connected with a fresh water supplementing valve (17), and the fresh water supplementing valve (17) is also connected with a water supplementing port of the desulfurization tower (2) and a wastewater centralized treatment unit; the fresh water supplementing valve (17) receives a liquid level signal of the desulfurizing tower (2).
4. The wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combining middle and shallow geothermal heat according to claim 3, wherein the heating water heat-taking three-way valve (9), the winter domestic water three-way valve (10), the heat-taking outlet three-way valve (11), the switching cold source three-way valve (12) and the fresh water supplementing valve (17) are all electric cock three-way valves.
5. The wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combined with the middle-shallow geothermal energy according to claim 1, wherein a heating water condition monitoring device (25) is arranged on the heating water pipe.
6. The working method of the wet desulfurization zero water consumption system combined with the mid-shallow geothermal energy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that in summer, industrial saturated or supersaturated flue gas is subjected to full heat exchange through a secondary waste heat recovery device (1), the flue gas is cooled to reach proper desulfurization temperature, and after desulfurization in a desulfurization tower (2), the flue gas enters a primary waste heat recovery device (3) to further recover waste heat and moisture, and then is discharged after dust removal through a flue gas purification device (4); the condensed water and the spray water are collected and added into a desulfurizing tower (2) as slurry supplementing water; the condensed water part is used as spray water of the secondary waste heat recovery device (1), the other part is used as clean water of a demisting device in the primary waste heat recovery device (3), and then the clean water is collected and enters the secondary waste heat recovery device (1) to be used as spray water; the wet desulfurization zero water consumption is realized by adjusting the number of the U-shaped geothermal wells (6) connected in series;
external cold water is directly used as cooling water in winter, and is directly used as domestic warm water after passing through a primary waste heat recovery device (3) and a secondary waste heat recovery device (1); heating water absorbs heat in the series U-shaped geothermal wells (6), and then is heated into heating water reaching the temperature standard through the biomass mixing boiler (5) to be supplied to a heat user, and the heating water returns to the series U-shaped geothermal wells (6) for next circulation after heat exchange; alkaline biomass fly ash generated by the biomass mixing boiler (5) and acid waste liquid of the desulfurizing tower (2) are neutralized and then enter a post-treatment unit.
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