CN115094492A - Flange and flange surface treatment method - Google Patents
Flange and flange surface treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115094492A CN115094492A CN202210721502.8A CN202210721502A CN115094492A CN 115094492 A CN115094492 A CN 115094492A CN 202210721502 A CN202210721502 A CN 202210721502A CN 115094492 A CN115094492 A CN 115094492A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/10—Agitating of electrolytes; Moving of racks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
- F16B2200/50—Flanged connections
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of flange processing, and provides a flange and a flange surface treatment method. In the surface treatment method of the flange and the flange, at least an ultrasonic water washing step is added between the acid washing step and the electroplating step, and the ultrasonic frequency is set to be 25 kHz-35 kHz. Thus, the exchange of liquid ions with other liquids in the recesses of the surface of the flange can be increased, and a cleaner surface can be obtained. Meanwhile, microbubbles on the surface of the flange are easier to discharge out of liquid, so that the condition of plating leakage is avoided during subsequent electroplating. Therefore, the surface protection liquid dispersing capacity and the covering capacity can be further adjusted, an electroplated layer with more excellent performance is obtained, and then the flange with higher precision requirement can be protected to meet the use requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of flange processing, in particular to a flange and a flange surface treatment method.
Background
In the related art, for a flange requiring dimensional accuracy, only a short-term rust-preventive surface treatment such as blackening can be used for protection. However, when the flange is exposed to the natural environment for a long time, a situation of corrosion easily occurs, so that the dimensional accuracy of the flange is lowered, resulting in failure to meet more precise use requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a flange and a flange surface treatment method are needed to protect the flange with higher precision requirement so as to meet the use requirement.
According to an aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a surface treatment method for a flange, including:
carrying out ultrasonic water washing on the flange after the acid washing; the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 25 kilohertz to 35 kilohertz;
and forming an electroplated layer on the surface of the flange through an electroplating process.
In one embodiment, before the ultrasonic water washing of the pickled flange, the method further includes:
the flange is cleaned by an acid pickling process.
In one embodiment, in the step of cleaning the flange through the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 20 ℃ to 50 ℃; and/or
The pickling time is 2 to 8 minutes; and/or
The acid washing solution is 400ml/L-600ml/L hydrochloric acid solution.
In one embodiment, before the cleaning the flange by the pickling process, the method further includes:
and carrying out oil removal treatment on the flange by adopting a preset process.
In one embodiment, the predetermined process includes at least one of a chemical degreasing process and an electrolytic degreasing process.
In one embodiment, the preset process comprises a chemical degreasing process;
in the chemical oil removal process, the oil removal powder is 40g/L-60 g/L; and/or the oil removal time is 10 to 15 minutes; and/or the oil removing temperature is 40-60 ℃.
In one embodiment, the preset process comprises an electrolytic degreasing process;
in the electrolytic degreasing process, the voltage is 1V-5V; and/or the oil removal time is 10 to 15 minutes; and/or the oil removal temperature is 40-60 ℃.
In one embodiment, the flange has a sealing surface;
before the plating layer is formed on the surface of the flange by the plating process, the method further comprises:
and fixing the flange through a hanger, and enabling the sealing surface to be opposite to the electroplating anode.
In one embodiment, the flange further comprises a mounting surface for mounting an object in use; when the sealing surface is opposite to the electroplating anode and an electric field is formed between the flange and the electroplating anode, the mounting surface is exposed in the electric field;
before the plating layer is formed on the surface of the flange by the plating process, the method further comprises the following steps:
and carrying out shielding treatment on the mounting surface.
In one embodiment, before the masking the installation surface, the method further includes:
and carrying out rust prevention treatment on the mounting surface.
In one embodiment, in the step of forming the plated layer on the surface of the flange by a plating process, the method further includes:
moving the flange; and/or, agitating the plating solution.
In one embodiment, in the step of forming the plating layer on the surface of the flange through the plating process, the temperature of the electrolyte is 15-30 ℃; and/or
The electroplating time is 35 to 75 minutes; and/or
The electrolyte is a solution containing 6g/L to 8g/L of zinc ions, 100g/L to 200g/L of sodium hydroxide and 0.1g/L to 0.3g/L of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
In one embodiment, the electroplated layer comprises at least one of a zinc layer and a zinc alloy layer.
In one embodiment, after the plating layer is formed on the surface of the flange by a plating process, the method further includes:
a passivation layer is formed on the plating layer through a passivation process.
In one embodiment, after the plating layer is formed on the surface of the flange by a plating process, the method further includes:
forming a protective layer on the plating layer by a sealing process. .
According to another aspect of the present application, embodiments of the present application provide a flange, which is manufactured by using the flange surface treatment method in the above embodiments.
In the surface treatment method of the flange and the flange, at least an ultrasonic water washing step is added between the acid washing step and the electroplating step, and the ultrasonic frequency is set to be 25 kHz-35 kHz. Thus, the exchange of liquid ions with other liquids in the recesses of the surface of the flange can be increased, and a cleaner surface can be obtained. Meanwhile, micro bubbles on the surface of the flange are easier to discharge out of liquid, so that the condition of plating leakage is avoided during subsequent electroplating. Therefore, the surface protection liquid dispersing capacity and the covering capacity can be further adjusted, an electroplated layer with more excellent performance is obtained, and then the flange with higher precision requirement can be protected to meet the use requirement.
Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of the present application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flange assembly in one embodiment of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first flange at a first viewing angle in one embodiment of an example of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first flange at a second perspective in one implementation of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first flange at a third viewing angle in an implementation manner of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of a first flange in one implementation of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second flange from a first perspective in an implementation of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second flange from a second perspective in one implementation of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second flange from a third perspective in one implementation of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second flange at a fourth perspective in one implementation of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for treating a surface of a flange according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present disclosure in which a first surface of a first flange and a second surface of a second flange face a plating anode;
FIG. 12 shows the thickness of the plating on the precision machined surface at different frequencies in one embodiment of the present application.
Simple description of the reference symbols:
a first flange 100, a first body 110, a first surface 111, a first mounting portion 120, a first outer circumferential surface 121, a first mounting hole 130;
a second flange 200, a second body 210, a second surface 211, a second mounting portion 220, a second outer circumferential surface 221, a second mounting hole 230;
an electroplating anode 300;
the shield 400.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The embodiments of this application can be implemented in many different ways than those described herein and similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention and therefore the embodiments of this application are not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
It is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like as used herein may be used herein to describe various terms of art, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit ly indicating a number of technical features being indicated. However, these terms are not intended to be limiting unless specifically stated. These terms are only used to distinguish one term from another. For example, the first flange and the second flange are different flanges without departing from the scope of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" or "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or that only the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application in the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
The flange is a part which can connect the shaft with the shaft, can be used for connecting pipe ends, and can also be used for an inlet and an outlet of equipment to realize the connection between the two pieces of equipment. Due to the requirement of dimensional accuracy, some flange precision parts can only be protected by surface treatment such as blackening and the like for short-term rust prevention. These parts are exposed to the natural environment for a long time and are corroded, and the dimensional accuracy of the parts is reduced.
The inventors have noted that when two flanges are mated with each other to achieve a connection between two objects, the roughness is inconsistent for the mating surface between the two flanges, the mating surface of the two flanges with the corresponding object, and other surfaces of the two flanges. If the surface treatment is performed by electroplating for long-term protection, it is difficult to obtain a protective layer having a uniform thickness. Thus, the use demand for application scenarios requiring higher dimensional accuracy cannot be satisfied.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of a flange assembly in one implementation of an embodiment of the present application; fig. 2 to 5 are schematic structural diagrams of the first flange 100 at different viewing angles in one implementation of the embodiment of the present application; fig. 6 to 9 are schematic structural diagrams of the second flange 200 at different viewing angles in one implementation of the embodiment of the present application; for convenience of explanation, only portions related to the embodiments of the present application are shown.
Before describing the surface treatment method of the flange provided in the embodiments of the present application, in order to clearly understand the surface treatment method provided in the embodiments of the present application, a flange assembly that needs to be surface-treated will be described by taking the flange assembly shown in fig. 1 as an example. It is understood that the surface treatment method provided by the embodiment of the present application includes, but is not limited to, the flange assembly shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the flange assembly includes a first flange 100 and a second flange 200 that are detachably coupled. The first flange 100 is used to connect a first object and the second flange 200 is used to connect a second object. The first object and the second object may be coupled together by the first flange 100 and the second flange 200 being detachably coupled. The first target and the second target may be a pipe or an apparatus, and may be set according to a specific use condition, which is not specifically limited in this application embodiment.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the first flange 100 includes a first body 110, a first mounting portion 120 connected to the first body 110, and a first mounting hole 130 penetrating the first body 110 and the first mounting portion 120. The first target may be inserted into the first mounting hole 130 to be connected to the first flange 100. The wall of the first mounting hole 130 is a mating surface for mating with a first object. A side surface of the first body 110 facing away from the first mounting portion 120 is a first surface 111, and the first surface 111 is a mating surface for mating with the second flange 200.
As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the second flange 200 includes a second body 210, and two second mounting portions 220 connected to the second body 210. The two second mounting portions 220 are spaced apart from and disposed opposite to each other. The two second mounting portions 220 are respectively provided with second mounting holes 230. The second object may be connected to the second flange 200 through two second mounting holes 230 in sequence. The walls of the two second mounting holes 230 are mating surfaces for mating with a second object. The surface of the second body 210 facing away from the second mounting portion 220 is a second surface 211, and the second surface 211 is a mating surface for mating with the first flange 100.
The first body 110 is provided with a plurality of first connection holes, and the second body 210 is provided with a plurality of second connection holes. The plurality of first connecting holes and the plurality of second connecting holes are in one-to-one correspondence in position and number. The first flange 100 and the second flange 200 are detachably coupled together by means of a coupling structure passing through the first coupling hole and the second coupling hole. When the first flange 100 and the second flange 200 are detachably coupled, the first surface 111 and the second surface 211 abut against each other. The outer peripheral surface of the first mounting portion 120 is a first outer peripheral surface 121. The outer peripheral surfaces of the two second mounting portions 220 are second outer peripheral surfaces 221, respectively.
In this process, the first and second surfaces 111 and 211 are typically machined, while the first and second outer circumferential surfaces 121 and 221 are typically formed by forging. This results in the roughness of both the first surface 111 and the second surface 211 being significantly less than the roughness of the first outer circumferential surface 121 and the second outer circumferential surface 221. For example, in order to facilitate the coupling of the first and second flanges 100 and 200, the roughness of the first and second surfaces 111 and 211 may be set to 1 to 3 micrometers. And the roughness of the first and second outer circumferential surfaces 121 and 221 (i.e., the forged surfaces) may be 15 to 25 micrometers.
It should be noted that to achieve a better fit between the first surface 111 and the second surface 211, splines may be provided on the first surface 111 and the second surface 211 as shown in fig. 4 and 8. The wall of the first mounting hole 130 may also be splined to facilitate engagement with a first object. Of course, other structures for facilitating connection may be provided, and this is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the application.
The inventor further noticed that, on the one hand, when electroplating the two flanges, since the roughness of the first surface 111 is significantly less than that of the first outer circumferential surface 121, and the roughness of the second surface 211 is significantly less than that of the second outer circumferential surface 221, it is difficult to coat the first surface 111 and the second surface 211 with a protective layer having a uniform thickness during electroplating, and it is difficult to avoid the first outer circumferential surface 121 and the second outer circumferential surface 221 from being plated through. On the other hand, the hole walls of the first mounting hole 130 and the second mounting hole 230 are plated, which makes it difficult to mount the first object and the second object.
Therefore, by improving the surface treatment method of the flange, the protection capability of the protective layer can be effectively improved, and the method can be applied to scenes with higher dimensional accuracy requirements, so that the problems noted above are avoided.
The following describes a method for processing a surface of a flange provided in an embodiment of the present application with reference to related descriptions of some embodiments.
FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for treating a surface of a flange according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; for convenience of explanation, only portions related to the embodiments of the present application are shown.
Referring to fig. 10, an embodiment of the present application provides a surface treatment method for a flange, where the flange includes a target surface to be treated; the method comprises the following steps:
s110, carrying out ultrasonic water washing on the flange after the acid washing; the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 25 kHz to 35 kHz;
specifically, generally speaking, the lower the ultrasonic frequency, the easier the cavitation generated in the liquid, the greater the strength of the generated and the stronger the effect. Therefore, when cleaning the flange surface, a lower frequency ultrasonic wave is generally selected for cleaning. The inventor of the present application noticed that, since the surface of the flange has a certain roughness, and the surface topography thereof is uneven, the surface of the flange located in the concave portion is more difficult to clean than the surface of the flange located in the convex portion, thereby affecting the thickness of the plating layer in the subsequent electroplating process. However, in the case of a surface having a roughness of the order of micrometers, impurities such as grease located in the recessed portions of the surface cannot be cleaned away due to the excessively low ultrasonic frequency, and the surface having a lower roughness is damaged due to the cavitation generated. If the ultrasonic frequency is increased, the force generated by ultrasonic cleaning is insufficient, which results in incomplete cleaning.
As previously described, with combined reference to fig. 1, 2 and 6, the roughness of the first surface 111 of the first flange 100 is substantially less than the roughness of the first outer circumferential surface 121 of the first flange 100, and the roughness of the second surface 211 of the second flange 200 is substantially less than the roughness of the second outer circumferential surface 221 of the second flange 200. The roughness of the forged surfaces (i.e., the first and second peripheral surfaces 121 and 221) is approximately between 20 and 50 microns, and the roughness of the machined surfaces (i.e., the first and second surfaces 111 and 211) is approximately between 1 and 3 microns, which is approximately twenty times different. If ultrasonic water washing is used, it is difficult to simultaneously satisfy the cleaning requirements between some surfaces having too large a difference in roughness.
The inventors of the present application have found through intensive studies that impurities such as microbubbles and grease may exist in the surface recess portion. The grease in the surface concave part is adsorbed in the surface concave part through the adhesive force generated between grease molecules, and is more difficult to remove. In the process, impurities such as grease and the like can be cleaned through resonance generated in the ultrasonic washing process. In order to avoid the above-mentioned problems caused by the frequency of the ultrasonic wave being too low or too high, the inventors set the frequency of the ultrasonic wave to be 25 khz to 35 khz by increasing the frequency of the ultrasonic wave. Therefore, the exchange of liquid in the flange concave part and liquid in other positions can be increased, and the cleaning is more thorough. Meanwhile, the microbubbles and impurities on the concave and forged surfaces are more easily discharged out of the liquid, so that the uneven thickness of the plating layers on the first surface 111 of the first flange 100 and the second surface 211 of the second flange 200, which are shown in the foregoing, can be avoided, and the occurrence of plating leakage on the first outer circumferential surface 121 of the first flange 100 and the second outer circumferential surface 221 of the second flange 200, which are shown in the foregoing, can also be avoided.
And S120, forming an electroplated layer on the surface of the flange through an electroplating process.
Specifically, because the flange has been through pickling and ultrasonic water washing, can be with the surface adjustment of flange to the state that is fit for carrying on the electroplating, be convenient for form the electroplating layer of thickness homogeneity when electroplating, and then realize the effective protection to the flange, and can satisfy the demand to dimensional accuracy.
Thereby, by adding an ultrasonic water washing step between the pickling step and the plating step, and setting the ultrasonic frequency to be between 25 kHz and 35 kHz. Thus, the exchange of liquid ions with other liquids in the recesses of the surface of the flange can be increased, and a cleaner surface can be obtained. Meanwhile, microbubbles on the surface of the flange are easier to discharge out of liquid, so that the condition of plating leakage is avoided during subsequent electroplating. Therefore, the surface protection liquid dispersing capacity and the covering capacity can be further adjusted, an electroplated layer with more excellent performance is obtained, and then the flange with higher precision requirement can be protected to meet the use requirement.
In some embodiments, prior to ultrasonically water washing the pickled flange, the method further comprises cleaning the flange by a pickling process. Therefore, the surface state of the flange surface can be adjusted through acid washing, and the subsequent electroplating is convenient to form an electroplated layer. In order to obtain a flange surface with a better surface condition, the pickling temperature may be set to 20 ℃ to 50 ℃ and the pickling time may be set to 2 minutes to 8 minutes, and the pickling solution may use 400ml/L to 600ml/L of hydrochloric acid solution. Of course, other mutually adaptive process parameters may also be used to obtain a higher surface state, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
In order to further clean the flange, in some embodiments, a degreasing process is performed on the flange by using a preset process before the flange is cleaned by the pickling process. Optionally, the preset process includes at least one of a chemical degreasing process and an electrolytic degreasing process. In particular to some embodiments, when the preset process comprises a chemical degreasing process, 40g/L to 60g/L of degreasing powder can be used in the chemical degreasing process, the degreasing time is set to 10 minutes to 15 minutes, and the degreasing temperature is set to 40 ℃ to 60 ℃. In particular to other embodiments, when the preset process includes an electrolytic degreasing process, in the electrolytic degreasing process, the voltage may be set to 1V to 5V, the degreasing time may be set to 10 minutes to 15 minutes, and the degreasing temperature may be set to 40 ℃ to 60 ℃. Therefore, the flange surface can be cleaned more effectively by adjusting the process parameters in the chemical degreasing process or the electrolytic degreasing process.
It should be noted that only the electrolytic degreasing process, or only the chemical degreasing process, or both the electrolytic degreasing process and the chemical degreasing process may be selected. When the electrolytic degreasing process and the chemical degreasing process are selected, a large amount of oil stains on the surface of the flange can be removed through the chemical degreasing process, and oil stains which are not removed in the chemical degreasing process can be removed through the electric degreasing process. The surface condition of the flange can be selected according to the surface condition of the flange, and the embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited to this.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of an embodiment of the present application in which the first surface 111 of the first flange 100 and the second surface 211 of the second flange 200 face the plating anode 300; for ease of illustration, only portions relevant to the embodiments of the present application are shown.
To further improve the uniformity of the plating on the first surface 111 of the first flange 100 and the second surface 211 of the second flange 200 as illustrated above, in some embodiments, the flanges have a sealing surface (i.e., the first surface 111 of the first flange 100 and the second surface 211 of the second flange 200 as illustrated above). Before the electroplating layer is formed on the surface of the flange through the electroplating process, the method further comprises the step of fixing the flange through a hanger, and enabling the sealing surface to face the electroplating anode 300. In this manner, a more uniform electroplating layer can be directly performed on the sealing surface. As shown in fig. 11, the first surface 111 of the first flange 100 and the second surface 211 of the second flange 200 are both facing the plating anode 300. Meanwhile, since the sealing surface faces the plating anode 300, for the second flange 200 illustrated in the foregoing, that is, the second surface 211 of the second flange 200 faces the plating anode 300, the two second mounting holes 230 of the second flange 200 are located on the side of the second surface 211 away from the plating anode 300, so that plating on the hole walls of the two second mounting holes 230 can be avoided, and a second object can be mounted in the two second mounting holes 230 conveniently.
In yet other embodiments, the flange further comprises a mounting surface for mounting an object in use. When the sealing surface is facing the plating anode 300 and an electric field is formed between the flange and the plating anode 300, the mounting surface is exposed to the electric field. Before the electroplating layer is formed on the target surface through the electroplating process, the method further comprises the step of shielding the mounting surface. That is, the mounting surface exposed to the electric field is shielded to prevent the plating layer from being formed on the mounting surface by plating. For the first flange 100 illustrated above, the mounting surface is a wall of the first mounting hole 130 of the first flange 100. As shown in fig. 11, two sheet-like shutters 400 may be provided at both ends of the first mounting hole 130 in the axial direction thereof. Of course, other structural forms of shielding may also be adopted as long as the hole wall of the first mounting hole 130 can be shielded, and this is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application. Thus, the formation of plating on the wall of the first mounting hole 130 can be avoided, and the first object can be mounted conveniently.
In order to facilitate the installation of the object, in some embodiments, the mounting surface is further subjected to rust prevention before being subjected to the shielding treatment. Alternatively, rust prevention treatment may be performed using rust prevention oil or the like. Thus, the mounting surface can be protected.
In order to further improve the uniformity of the thickness of the plating layer, in some embodiments, in the step of forming the plating layer on the surface of the flange through the plating process, the step of moving the flange is further included; and/or agitating the plating solution. That is, the contact time between the electroplating solution and the surface of the concave part on the flange can be increased by moving the flange or stirring the electroplating solution, the ion diffusion time of the electroplating solution is reduced, the thickness of the coating on the surface of the concave part on the flange is increased, the thickness difference between the concave part and the convex part of the coating is reduced, and the uniformity of the coating thickness is improved. Further, the plating liquid may be provided in a form capable of circulating flow so as to shorten the time for increasing the thickness of the plating layer.
Specifically, in some embodiments, in the step of forming the plating layer on the surface of the flange by the plating process, the temperature of the electrolyte may be set to 15 ℃ to 30 ℃, and the plating time may be set to 35 minutes to 75 minutes, using an electrolyte including 6g/L to 8g/L of zinc ions, 100g/L to 200g/L of sodium hydroxide, and 0.1g/L to 0.3g/L of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether. Thus, a more excellent plating layer can be obtained. Optionally, additives, model SurTec 717, may be added to the electrolyte to meet the plating requirements. In particular to other embodiments, the electroplated layer comprises at least one of a zinc layer and a zinc alloy layer so as to meet the dimensional accuracy requirement of the flange.
To further increase the dispersing ability of the plating solution, in some embodiments, 0.2g/L of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether may be used. Therefore, the flange can be gathered on the surface of the convex part of the flange, the increase of the thickness of the convex part is inhibited, the thickness difference between the convex part and the concave part is reduced, and the covering capacity is increased. Meanwhile, a plating layer with the wider displacement can be obtained, the thickness of the plating layer is increased under the same current density, the dispersing capacity of the plating solution is increased, the thickness of the plating layer is more uniform, and the thickness deviation of the plating layer is within the required range.
To further achieve the protection of the flange, in some embodiments, after forming the plating layer on the surface of the flange through the plating process, forming a passivation layer on the plating layer through a passivation process is further included. Therefore, the surface of the flange can be converted into a state which is not easy to be oxidized by arranging the passivation layer, and the corrosion speed of the flange is delayed. In other embodiments, after forming the plating layer on the surface of the flange through the plating process, forming a protective layer on the plating layer through a sealing process is further included. Thus, the corrosion resistance of the flange can be further improved.
It should be noted that, only the passivation process may be used, only the sealing process may be used, or both the passivation process and the sealing process may be used. When the passivation process and the sealing process are both used, the passivation process can be used for forming a passivation layer on the surface of the flange, and then the sealing process is used for further sealing the passivation layer. Therefore, the passivation process and the sealing process can be combined for use, and the protection on the surface of the flange is further realized. The selection can be performed according to the actual use situation, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
Alternatively, in the passivation process, the passivation may be performed in an environment having a pH of 3 to 3.5 for a passivation time of 30 seconds to 60 seconds. In the blocking process, the blocking can be carried out in an environment having a pH of 8 to 10 for a blocking time of 0.5 to 2 minutes. So, can realize better guard action to the flange.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a flange which is manufactured by adopting the flange surface treatment method in the embodiment.
In the following, the first flange 100 is taken as an example and tested for different cleaning frequencies of ultrasonic water washing in combination with the contents of the above embodiments. The protective treatment sequentially comprises the steps of chemical degreasing, electrolytic degreasing, acid washing, ultrasonic washing and electrogalvanizing. In chemical oil removal, oil removal powder is 40g/L, the time is 12 minutes, and the temperature is 50 ℃. The voltage in electrolytic degreasing is 4V, the time is 12 minutes, and the temperature is 40 ℃. In the acid washing, 400ml/L of hydrochloric acid is adopted, the time is 5 minutes, and the temperature is 40 ℃. In the electrogalvanizing zinc alloy, zinc ions are 7.1g/L, sodium hydroxide is 200g/L, an additive SurTec 717 is added, the bath solution temperature is 25 ℃, and the electroplating time is 40 minutes. In passivation, pH3.1, time 40 seconds. In blocking, pH9.0, time 1 min. Among them, comparative examples 1 to 2 are different from those in the examples of the present application in that the ultrasonic frequencies used in the examples of the present application are 25 khz and 30 khz, and the ultrasonic frequencies used in comparative examples 1 to 2 are 15 khz and 20 khz, respectively. The position where the first surface 111 of the first flange 100 is provided with the splines is defined as a precision machined surface, the portion of the first surface 111 of the first flange 100 except for the splines is defined as a general machined surface, and the first outer peripheral surface 121 of the first flange 100 is defined as a forged surface. The roughness of the forging surface is 15-20 microns, the roughness of the general processing surface is 0.8-3 microns, and the roughness of the precision processing surface is 0.1-1.0 micron. After the experiment is finished, 29 reference points on the precision machining surface, the first outer peripheral surface 121 of the first flange 100 and the part of the first surface 111 of the first flange 100 except the spline are selected for detection. The coating thicknesses of the forged surface and the general machined surface are shown in table 1 below. The thickness of the coating is in microns. The thickness of the plating layer on the precision machined surface is shown in fig. 12. In fig. 12, the abscissa is 29 selected reference points, the ordinate is the plating thickness, the ultrasonic frequency corresponding to L1 is 15 khz, the ultrasonic frequency corresponding to L2 is 20 khz, the ultrasonic frequency corresponding to L3 is 25 khz, and the ultrasonic frequency corresponding to L4 is 30 khz.
TABLE 1
| Frequency of ultrasonic waves | Forged surface | General processed noodles | |
| Comparative example 1 | 15 kilohertz | 9.55 | 7.48 |
| Comparative example 2 | 20 kilohertz | 11.26 | 9.12 |
| Example 1 of the |
25 kilohertz | 8.41 | 6.42 |
| Example 2 of the present application | 30 kilohertz | 13.02 | 10.01 |
As can be seen from table 1 and fig. 12, the uniformity of the thickness of the coating was not ideal when the ultrasonic frequency was 15 khz, even when the ultrasonic frequency was increased to 20 khz. The uniformity of the coating thickness is somewhat improved when the ultrasonic frequency is increased to 30 khz, but is still less than ideal. The coating thickness profiles of the precision machined surfaces obtained were consistent at 15 khz, 20 khz and 30 khz. Combining the coating thicknesses of the forging side and the general working side, it was found that the coating thicknesses of the forging side and the general working side were sequentially increased at 15 khz, 20 khz and 30 khz as the ultrasonic frequency was increased. In combination with the above analysis, if the ultrasonic frequency is increased, the force generated by ultrasonic cleaning is insufficient, which results in incomplete cleaning, and thus the thickness of the coating layer is increased. That is, in the range of 15 kHz to 30 kHz, the thickness of the coating layer is still not ideal due to the increase of the ultrasonic frequency.
The inventors of the present application have conducted extensive studies to find that the uniformity of the thickness of the plating layer is improved when the ultrasonic frequency is 25 khz. That is, in the range of 15 kHz to 30 kHz, the improvement is achieved at a coating thickness of 25 kHz. The uniformity of the thickness of the coating obtained at ultrasonic frequencies of 25 kHz and 30 kHz is significantly better than the uniformity of the thickness of the coating obtained at ultrasonic frequencies of 15 kHz and 20 kHz.
In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a flange and a method for processing a surface of the flange. According to the flange size precision deviation and the surface protection precision control level, selecting several surface protection modes capable of simultaneously ensuring corrosion resistance and machining precision, performing special treatment on the surface with high flange size precision requirement, performing thin film re-protection treatment on the surface with controllable flange size precision requirement, and performing no special material process protection on the surface with low flange size precision requirement. When the surface protection material is improved, the plating solution is adjusted by adding the high-dispersing-ability additive, so that the coating range of the Hull cell is enlarged and the thickness of the Hull cell is increased. When the surface protection process is improved, a mode of ultrasonic cleaning is added before surface protection, cathode (namely flange) movement is added in the surface protection process, and the dispersion capacity and the covering capacity of the surface protection liquid are further adjusted. Meanwhile, the surface with extremely high flange precision requirement is shielded, and when the surface with higher flange requirement is arranged, the surface is opposite to the anode as far as possible in the surface protection process, so that the thickness of the surface protection layer is uniform. Therefore, the size precision of the flange can be ensured, and the long-time protection of the flange can be realized.
It should be noted that the technical solutions set forth above may be implemented as independent embodiments in actual implementation, or may be combined with each other and implemented as a combined embodiment. In addition, when the contents of the embodiments of the present application are described above, the different embodiments are described in a corresponding order based on a convenient explanation, and the execution order between the different embodiments is not limited. Accordingly, in an actual implementation process, if it is necessary to implement multiple embodiments provided in the present application, the execution order provided when the embodiments are set forth in the present application is not necessarily required, but the execution order between different embodiments may be arranged according to requirements.
All possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent application shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A flange surface treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out ultrasonic water washing on the flange after acid washing; the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 25-35 KHz;
and forming an electroplated layer on the surface of the flange through an electroplating process.
2. The method for processing the surface of the flange according to claim 1, wherein before the ultrasonic water washing of the flange after the acid washing, the method further comprises:
the flange is cleaned by an acid pickling process.
3. The flange surface treatment method according to claim 2, wherein in the step of cleaning the flange by the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 20 ℃ to 50 ℃; and/or
The pickling time is 2 to 8 minutes; and/or
The acid washing solution is 400ml/L-600ml/L hydrochloric acid solution.
4. The method for treating the surface of the flange according to claim 2, wherein before the cleaning of the flange by the pickling process, the method further comprises:
and carrying out oil removal treatment on the flange by adopting a preset process.
5. The flange surface treatment method according to claim 4, wherein the preset process includes at least one of a chemical degreasing process and an electrolytic degreasing process.
6. A flange surface treatment method according to claim 5, characterized in that the preset process includes a chemical degreasing process;
in the chemical oil removal process, the oil removal powder is 40g/L-60 g/L; and/or the oil removal time is 10 to 15 minutes; and/or the oil removing temperature is 40-60 ℃.
7. A flange surface treatment method according to claim 5, characterized in that the preset process includes an electrolytic degreasing process;
in the electrolytic degreasing process, the voltage is 1V-5V; and/or the oil removal time is 10 to 15 minutes; and/or the oil removal temperature is 40-60 ℃.
8. A method for treating a surface of a flange according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the flange has a sealing surface;
before the plating layer is formed on the surface of the flange by the plating process, the method further comprises:
and fixing the flange through a hanger, and enabling the sealing surface to be opposite to the electroplating anode.
9. A method of treating a surface of a flange according to claim 8, wherein the flange further comprises a mounting surface for mounting an object in use; when the sealing surface is opposite to the electroplating anode and an electric field is formed between the flange and the electroplating anode, the mounting surface is exposed in the electric field;
before the plating layer is formed on the surface of the flange by the plating process, the method further comprises the following steps:
and carrying out shielding treatment on the mounting surface.
10. A flange surface treatment method according to claim 9, further comprising, before the masking treatment of the mounting surface:
and carrying out rust prevention treatment on the mounting surface.
11. The flange surface treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the step of forming a plating layer on the surface of the flange by a plating process, further comprising:
moving the flange; and/or, agitating the plating solution.
12. The flange surface treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the step of forming a plated layer on the surface of the flange by a plating process, an electrolyte temperature is 15 ℃ to 30 ℃; and/or
The electroplating time is 35 to 75 minutes; and/or
The electrolyte is a solution containing 6g/L to 8g/L of zinc ions, 100g/L to 200g/L of sodium hydroxide and 0.1g/L to 0.3g/L of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
13. The flange surface treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the plating layer comprises at least one of a zinc layer and a zinc alloy layer.
14. The flange surface treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein after the formation of the plated layer on the surface of the flange by the plating process, further comprising:
a passivation layer is formed on the plating layer through a passivation process.
15. The flange surface treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising, after forming a plating layer on the surface of the flange by a plating process:
forming a protective layer on the plating layer by a sealing process.
16. A flange produced by the surface treatment method for a flange according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
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