CN115094357B - Method for realizing fusion of single-phase layer on surface of double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature - Google Patents
Method for realizing fusion of single-phase layer on surface of double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN115094357B CN115094357B CN202210747582.4A CN202210747582A CN115094357B CN 115094357 B CN115094357 B CN 115094357B CN 202210747582 A CN202210747582 A CN 202210747582A CN 115094357 B CN115094357 B CN 115094357B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing fusion of a single-phase layer on the surface of a double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature, which comprises the following steps: 1. annealing the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate; 2. grinding treatment; 3. fixing the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate after grinding treatment, then applying pressure to the tungsten steel balls and grinding the tungsten steel balls on the surface of the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate in a reciprocating manner to form a fused single-phase layer on the surface of the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate. The tungsten steel ball is adopted for mechanical reciprocating grinding under pressure, so that the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase are elongated and deformed into sheet layers which are alternately and fully diffused to be fused with each other, a fused single-phase layer with uniform components is formed on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, galvanic corrosion caused by the corrosion potential difference between the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase in the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy is effectively avoided, the corrosion resistance of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate is improved, the operation is simple, and the realization is easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material science, and particularly relates to a method for realizing fusion of a single-phase layer on the surface of a double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature.
Background
Galvanic corrosion (also referred to as bimetallic corrosion) refers to a phenomenon in which two materials with different corrosion potentials are communicated by the same medium, resulting in accelerated corrosion of the material with a low corrosion potential. Galvanic corrosion is a ubiquitous and extremely hazardous form of corrosion. The root cause of galvanic corrosion in the metal structure material is corrosion potential difference caused by chemical composition difference of different regions of the material, so that the galvanic corrosion can be effectively reduced by reducing the chemical composition difference between the different regions by using a technical method and further reducing the corrosion potential difference.
The microstructure of the biphase magnesium-lithium alloy consists of an alpha-Mg phase and a beta-Li phase, wherein the alpha-Mg phase has relatively high strength and provides strength support for the biphase alloy, and the beta-Li phase has a body-centered cubic structure and a plurality of slip systems and provides plastic support for the biphase alloy, so the biphase magnesium-lithium alloy has excellent mechanical properties. Compared with other metal structure materials, the biphase magnesium-lithium alloy has very obvious high specific strength, so that the biphase magnesium-lithium alloy has very strong application potential in the engineering application fields of automobiles, aerospace, satellites, military affairs and the like. However, the corrosion potential difference exists between the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase in the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy, and the dual-phase mixed structure is easy to generate serious galvanic corrosion in a service environment, so that the overall corrosion resistance of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy is poor, the requirement of rapidly developed scientific technology on a light material is difficult to meet, and the wide application of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy is limited. In order to reduce galvanic corrosion, theoretically, a rapid solidification technology is adopted to homogenize alloy components, so that the activity of local galvanic couples can be effectively reduced, but the requirement of rapid solidification of the alloy on equipment capacity is extremely high, and the equipment is extremely expensive, so that a commonly used method for improving the corrosion resistance of the magnesium-lithium alloy is to modify the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy by a physical or chemical technology, namely, a protective layer is added between a Mg-Li matrix and an environmental corrosive medium (moisture, water, an aqueous solution and the like) to realize the isolation protection of the Mg-Li matrix. However, the Mg — Li matrix and the protective layer usually have a difference in thermal expansion coefficient, which causes tensile and compressive alternating stress in the protective layer when temperature fluctuates, and may further cause cracking and peeling of the protective layer. The corrosion of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy is aggravated by the galvanic corrosion between the protective layer and the substrate exposed by the cracks, the macroscopic galvanic corrosion between the peeling region and the non-peeling region of the protective layer, and the microscopic galvanic corrosion between the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy structure exposed by the peeling region. In addition, the process for adding the protective layer to the magnesium-lithium alloy is complex and high in cost, and particularly, chemical reagents used in the chemical preparation of the protective layer are harmful to the environment and human bodies.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for realizing fusion of a single-phase layer on the surface of a dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method adopts mechanical reciprocating milling to make alpha-Mg phase and beta-Li phase in the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate grow and deform into sheet layers alternately and fully diffused to be fused with each other, and a fused single-phase layer with uniform components is formed on the surface of the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, thereby effectively avoiding galvanic corrosion caused by the corrosion potential difference between the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase in the double-phase Mg-Li alloy and improving the corrosion resistance of the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for realizing fusion of a single-phase layer on the surface of a biphase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, annealing the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate to obtain a uniform equiaxed crystal structure;
step two, grinding the annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate in the step one to remove an oxide layer on the surface and obtain a smooth and flat surface;
and step three, fixing the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate subjected to grinding treatment in the step two, setting a treatment area, then placing the tungsten steel ball on the surface of the fixed double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, applying a pressure of 30-40 kgf to the tungsten steel ball along the direction vertical to the surface of the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, controlling the tungsten steel ball to be ground in the set treatment area in a reciprocating manner, moving the tungsten steel ball for a certain distance along the vertical direction of grinding before switching the grinding direction in the reciprocating grinding process, stopping for a certain time until the treatment area is completely ground once, recording as a period, repeatedly grinding for 20-50 periods, and forming a fused single-phase layer on the surface of the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate.
Aiming at the problem that the corrosion potential difference exists between an alpha-Mg phase and a beta-Li phase in a dual-phase Mg-Li alloy to easily generate severe galvanic corrosion and further the overall corrosion resistance is poor, the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate is annealed and ground, then a tungsten steel ball is adopted to carry out mechanical reciprocating grinding under pressure in a processing area on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, due to the lower bonding energy among Mg-Mg, li-Li and Mg-Li atoms, the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase in the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy have lower strength and good plastic deformation capability, the two phases in the reciprocating grinding process generate elongation deformation in the grinding direction, so that the microstructure presents the alternating state of alpha-Mg phase lamella and beta-Li layer, the accumulated strain increases along with the increase of the grinding period, the distance between the alpha-Mg phase lamella and the beta-Li photo layer becomes smaller and smaller, the two-phase galvanic scale is reduced continuously, elements are diffused fully, when the distance between the lamella is reduced to the micro sub-meter level, the two phases begin to be gradually fused, and finally form a Mg-Li phase single-phase layer with uniform components on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, thereby effectively avoiding the corrosion resistance of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate to generate corrosion resistance.
The method for realizing the fusion of the single-phase layer on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature is characterized in that the annealing treatment in the step one is carried out at the temperature of 300-320 ℃ for 6-8 h. The annealing temperature and time effectively eliminate the original structure in the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, and are favorable for obtaining uniform equiaxed crystal structure.
The method for realizing the fusion of the single-phase layer on the surface of the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature is characterized in that the tungsten steel ball in the third step is composed of the following components in mass content: 92-94% of WC, 6-8% of Co and 0.8-1.0 cm of tungsten steel ball diameter. The tungsten steel ball formed by the components has high WC content, so the tungsten steel ball has high melting point, high hardness and difficult diffusion, and avoids introducing impurity pollution in a double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate.
The method for realizing the fusion of the single-phase layer on the surface of the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature is characterized in that the reciprocating milling speed of the tungsten steel ball in the third step is 0.1-0.2 m/s. The invention ensures that the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase are fully elongated and deformed in the milling direction to form alternate lamella by controlling the reciprocating milling speed of the tungsten steel ball, and is beneficial to the full and uniform fusion of the two phases.
The method for realizing the fusion of the single-phase layer on the surface of the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature is characterized in that the moving distance along the vertical direction of the grinding in the third step is 0.01 cm-0.02 cm. The invention ensures that the surface treatment area of the biphase Mg-Li alloy plate is effectively milled by limiting the moving distance along the vertical direction of milling, avoids forming grooves on the surface of the plate and simultaneously improves the milling efficiency.
The method for realizing the fusion of the single-phase layer on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature is characterized in that the time of stopping after moving along the vertical direction of grinding in the third step is 5-10 s. The invention limits the pause time after moving along the vertical direction of milling to promote heat dissipation, reduce heat accumulation and ensure the smooth operation of the fusion process of the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase.
The method for realizing the fusion single-phase layer on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature is characterized in that the thickness of the fusion single-phase layer formed on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate in the third step is 2-4 mu m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the tungsten steel balls are adopted to mechanically and reciprocally grind the surface of the annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate under pressure, so that the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase are elongated and deformed into sheet layers alternately and are fully diffused to be fused with each other, a fused single-phase layer with uniform components is formed on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, galvanic corrosion caused by the difference of corrosion potential between the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase in the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy is effectively avoided, and the corrosion resistance of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate is improved.
2. According to the invention, the fused single-phase layer is prepared on the surface of the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate by a mechanical reciprocating milling method, and because the fused single-phase layer and the matrix double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate have the same chemical components, no obvious thermal expansion coefficient mismatch phenomenon exists between the fused single-phase layer and the matrix, and the problem of peeling similar to that of the protective layer is avoided.
3. The invention moves a certain distance along the vertical direction of the milling and pauses for a certain time before switching the milling direction each time in the reciprocating milling process so as to gradually increase the processing area, simultaneously reduce the accumulation of deformation heat in the milling process, ensure the smooth proceeding of the fusion process of the alpha-Mg phase and the beta-Li phase, simultaneously realize the refinement of the grain size by the continuous accumulation of strain and improve the strength of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate.
4. The method has the advantages of simple operation method, low cost, no need of heating, realization at room temperature, no need of using any chemical reagent and no pollution to the environment.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating milling of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the as-annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the formation of a single-phase layer fused to the surface of a dual-phase Mg-Li alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, annealing the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at the temperature of 300 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a uniform isometric crystal structure;
step two, grinding the annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate in the step one to remove an oxide layer on the surface and obtain a smooth and flat surface;
step three, fixing the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate subjected to grinding treatment in the step two, setting a treatment area, then placing the tungsten steel ball on the surface of the fixed two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, applying a pressure of 30kgf to the tungsten steel ball along the direction vertical to the surface of the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, controlling the tungsten steel ball to perform reciprocating grinding in the set treatment area at the speed of 0.2m/s, as shown in figure 1, moving the tungsten steel ball 0.01cm along the vertical direction of the grinding before switching the grinding direction each time in the reciprocating grinding process, stopping for 5s until the treatment area is completely ground once, recording as a period, repeating the grinding for 20 periods, and forming a fused single-phase layer with the thickness of 2 mu m on the surface of the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate; the tungsten steel ball comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 94% of WC, 6% of Co and 1.0cm of tungsten steel balls in diameter.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy sheet in this embodiment, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the microstructure of the annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy sheet is composed of two phases, wherein a white bright phase is an α -Mg phase, which has a strong corrosion resistance and a low corrosion degree during the corrosion process, and thus is white bright, a gray black phase is a β -Li phase, which has a weak corrosion resistance and a high corrosion degree during the corrosion process, which is gray black, and the surface layer of the annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy sheet is composed of two phases, i.e., an α -Mg phase and a β -Li phase.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the fused single-phase layer formed on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy sheet in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the white bright α -Mg phase and the gray black β -Li phase are distributed in a lamellar manner by reciprocal milling according to the present invention, and the lamellar spacing between the two phases is continuously decreased as the distance from the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy sheet is decreased, and the fused single-phase layer having a thickness of 2 μm is produced on the surface, and the fused single-phase layer has no corrosion contrast, meaning that the corrosive agent is difficult to corrode the fused single-phase layer, indicating that the corrosion resistance of the fused single-phase layer is superior to the two-phase mixed structure of the α -Mg phase and the β -Li phase, indicating that the method of the present invention improves the corrosion resistance of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy sheet.
Example 2
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, annealing the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at 320 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain a uniform isometric crystal structure;
step two, grinding the annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate in the step one to remove an oxide layer on the surface and obtain a smooth and flat surface;
step three, fixing the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate subjected to grinding treatment in the step two, setting a treatment area, then placing the tungsten steel ball on the surface of the fixed two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, applying 40kgf of pressure to the tungsten steel ball along the direction vertical to the surface of the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, controlling the tungsten steel ball to perform reciprocating grinding in the set treatment area at the speed of 0.1m/s, as shown in figure 1, moving the tungsten steel ball 0.02cm along the vertical direction of grinding before switching the grinding direction each time in the reciprocating grinding process, stopping for 10s until the treatment area is completely ground once, recording as a period, repeating the grinding for 50 periods, and forming a fused single-phase layer with the thickness of 4 mu m on the surface of the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate; the tungsten steel ball comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 92% of WC, 8% of Co and 0.8cm in diameter of the tungsten steel ball.
Example 3
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, annealing the double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at 310 ℃ for 7 hours to obtain a uniform isometric crystal structure;
step two, grinding the annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate in the step one to remove an oxide layer on the surface and obtain a smooth and flat surface;
step three, fixing the biphase Mg-Li alloy plate which is ground in the step two, setting a processing area, then placing the tungsten steel ball on the surface of the fixed biphase Mg-Li alloy plate, applying 35kgf pressure to the tungsten steel ball along the direction vertical to the surface of the biphase Mg-Li alloy plate, controlling the tungsten steel ball to perform reciprocating grinding in the set processing area at the speed of 0.15m/s, as shown in figure 1, moving the tungsten steel ball by 0.015cm along the vertical direction of grinding and pausing for 7.5s before switching the grinding direction every time in the reciprocating grinding process until the processing area is completely ground once, recording the grinding period as one cycle, repeating 35 cycles, and forming a fused monophase layer with the thickness of 3 mu m on the surface of the biphase Mg-Li alloy plate; the tungsten steel ball comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 93 percent of WC, 7 percent of Co and 0.9cm of tungsten steel ball diameter.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for realizing the fusion of a single-phase layer on the surface of a double-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, annealing the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate to obtain a uniform equiaxed crystal structure; the annealing treatment temperature is 300-320 ℃, and the time is 6-8 h;
step two, grinding the annealed dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate in the step one to remove an oxide layer on the surface and obtain a smooth and flat surface;
fixing the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate subjected to grinding treatment in the step two, setting a treatment area, then placing a tungsten steel ball on the surface of the fixed two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, applying 30kgf to 40kgf pressure to the tungsten steel ball along the direction vertical to the surface of the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate, controlling the tungsten steel ball to be ground in the set treatment area in a reciprocating manner, moving a certain distance along the vertical direction of grinding before switching the grinding direction in the reciprocating grinding process, pausing for a certain time until the treatment area is completely ground, recording as a period, repeating the grinding for 20 to 50 periods, and forming a fused single-phase layer on the surface of the two-phase Mg-Li alloy plate; the reciprocating milling speed of the tungsten steel ball is 0.1-0.2 m/s, the moving distance along the vertical direction of milling is 0.01cm-0.02cm, and the pause time after moving along the vertical direction of milling is 5-10s.
2. The method for realizing the fusion of the single-phase layer on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten steel balls in the third step comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 92% -94% of WC, 6% -8% of Co, and the diameter of the tungsten steel ball is 0.8cm to 1.0cm.
3. The method for realizing the fusion single-phase layer on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate at room temperature according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the fusion single-phase layer formed on the surface of the dual-phase Mg-Li alloy plate in the third step is 2-4 μm.
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