CN115093300A - High-energy heating agent for solid oxygen candle - Google Patents
High-energy heating agent for solid oxygen candle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115093300A CN115093300A CN202210612697.2A CN202210612697A CN115093300A CN 115093300 A CN115093300 A CN 115093300A CN 202210612697 A CN202210612697 A CN 202210612697A CN 115093300 A CN115093300 A CN 115093300A
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- Prior art keywords
- oxygen candle
- solid
- oxygen
- peroxide
- parts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0203—Preparation of oxygen from inorganic compounds
- C01B13/0218—Chlorate
Abstract
The invention relates to a solid chemical oxygen source, in particular to a high-energy heating agent for a solid oxygen candle. The high-energy exothermic agent for the solid oxygen candle comprises, by mass, 40-80 parts of metal oxide, 40-80 parts of peroxide and 0-10 parts of fuel. The high-energy exothermic agent for the solid oxygen candle has strong safety, high heat production, small using amount and strong reliability of ignition at-40 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-energy heating agent for a solid oxygen candle.
Background
An oxygen candle is an emergency oxygen supply device developed by utilizing the principle that oxygen-rich chlorate generates thermal decomposition reaction to release oxygen. The advantages are that: small volume, light weight, safety and reliability under normal pressure, no maintenance, simple operation and the like. Oxygen candles as lifesaving emergency oxygen supply devices are widely used in the fields of aerospace, ships, naval vessels, mines, various disaster self-rescue and the like. The oxygen candle mainly comprises an ignition system, a heat supply system, an oxygen production system, a heat insulation system and a filtering system, when the oxygen candle is required to generate chemical reaction to release oxygen, the ignition system is used for initiating ignition, and the heat supply system continuously supplies heat for the oxygen production system until the oxygen production system is completely combusted. CN1035248A and CN108083234B refer to the heating system as a heating element or a heating element layer, and the formula is mostly formed by combining chlorate, a large amount of fuel and catalyst, so that the continuous heating function of the oxygen generating system can be realized, and the combustion reliability of the oxygen candle is improved.
At present, most of oxygen candle heating body layers in China mostly adopt a formula of combining chlorate, a large amount of catalyst and fuel, and the formula has the problems of insufficient heating quantity, poor ignition reliability and no ignition at the low temperature of-40 ℃. In chinese patent CN108083234B, the heat-generating body layer mainly comprises chlorate, catalyst, fuel and binder, and is heavy and not easy to ignite at low temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the above problems.
The invention provides a heating agent for a solid oxygen candle, which has strong safety, high heat production amount, small using amount and strong reliability of low-temperature ignition at minus 40 ℃.
A solid heat generating agent for oxygen candle comprises metal oxide, fuel, and peroxide; the content of the peroxide is 40-60 wt% based on the total mass of the solid heat generating agent for the oxygen candle.
The heating agent containing fuel and metal oxide has the advantages of fast heating, large heating value, easy deflagration and explosion, and the risk of fire accident caused by burning through the shell of the oxygen supply device when being assembled in the solid oxygen generator. The invention has surprisingly found that the heat release of the heat generating agent can be controlled after the peroxide is added, and the activity of the heat generating agent is reduced, thereby avoiding the phenomena of explosion and deflagration. Therefore, the performance of the high-energy heating agent can be adjusted, and chlorine possibly generated can be absorbed at the initial stage of oxygen release of the explosive column, so that the ignition safety and reliability are improved.
Further research shows that if the content of the peroxide in the solid heat generating agent for the oxygen candle is lower than 40 wt%, the deflagration phenomenon is easy to occur; if the content of the peroxide is more than 60 wt%, the heat generating agent fails and normal heat generation is not possible.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the content of the peroxide is 43 to 52 wt%, specifically, for example, 40 wt%, 41 wt%, 42 wt%, 43 wt%, 44 wt%, 45 wt%, 48 wt%, 50 wt%, 51 wt%, 52 wt%, 53 wt%, 54 wt%, 55 wt%, 56 wt%, 57 wt%, 58 wt%, 59 wt%, 60 wt%, based on the total mass of the heat generating agent for solid oxygen candle.
According to the embodiment of the invention, in the heat generating agent for the solid oxygen candle, the mass ratio of the metal oxide to the fuel is (32-52): 4-8, or (42-49): 4-8, or (44-49): 6-8, and specifically, for example, 49:8, 44:6, 52:8, 32: 8.
Research shows that the explosion, deflagration and other phenomena can be ensured not to occur in the range. Particularly, if the fuel ratio is too high, explosion and knocking are likely to occur.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the solid heat generating agent for the oxygen candle comprises, by mass, 40-80 parts of metal oxide, 40-80 parts of peroxide and 1-10 parts of fuel.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the solid heat generating agent for the oxygen candle comprises 32-52 parts of metal oxide, 40-60 parts of peroxide and 6-8 parts of fuel by mass.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the total amount of the solid exothermic agent for the oxygen candle is 100 parts.
In addition, the solid oxygen candle heating agent has another remarkable advantage of continuous heat release at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃ and strong ignition reliability.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the solid oxygen candle heating agent is composed of or made of metal oxide, peroxide and fuel.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the particle size of the metal oxide is 120-200 meshes.
The particle size of the peroxide is 120-200 meshes.
The particle size of the fuel is 400-800 meshes.
Researches show that the performance of the heat generating agent can be ensured by adopting the metal oxide, the peroxide and the fuel with the particle size range, and the heat release amount is not too high or too low.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the metal oxide is one or a mixture of iron sesquioxide, ferroferric oxide, manganese dioxide and copper oxide.
According to the embodiment of the invention, one or two mixtures of barium peroxide and lithium peroxide are adopted as the peroxide.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the fuel is one or a mixture of several of iron powder, magnesium powder, cobalt powder, carbon powder and silicon powder.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the heat generating agent for the solid oxygen candle does not comprise aluminum or aluminum powder.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the heating agent for the solid oxygen candle, which comprises the following steps: mixing the above components. In some embodiments, compression molding is also included. The mixture can be placed in a groove at the top of the oxygen grain after being pressed and formed.
In some embodiments, the pressure of the press forming is 0.1-0.2T/cm 2 。
The invention also comprises the application of the high-energy heating agent for the solid oxygen candle in the preparation of the oxygen candle.
An oxygen candle comprises the solid oxygen candle heating agent; in some embodiments, the oxygen generating agent and/or the ignition charge are further included.
In some embodiments, the solid oxygen candle of the present invention is prepared by placing (e.g., pressing) the exothermic composition into a recess in the top of the column of oxygen generating drug, and wrapping with an insulating material.
Experiments prove that the solid heating agent for the oxygen candle can be frozen at the temperature of minus 40 ℃ for more than 24-48h, and can still be normally ignited in the low-temperature environment or the normal-temperature environment.
Experiments prove that 5g of the exothermic agent for the solid oxygen candle can be used for continuously burning 150-250g (for example 200g) of oxygen generating cartridges, and the cartridges are completely burnt.
The high-energy heating agent for the solid oxygen candle adopted by the invention can release a large amount of heat by using a small amount of heating agent, so that the oxygen generating system in the oxygen candle can continuously release oxygen, and meanwhile, the high-energy heating agent can continuously release heat at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃, and the ignition reliability is strong. Aluminum powder is not used in the exothermic agent, and the production is relatively safe.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products available from normal distributors, not indicated by the manufacturer.
The mass of the oxygen producing grain used in the following is 200g, and the oxygen producing grain comprises the following raw materials:
| composition (I) | Quality of | Particle size |
| Sodium chlorate | 188g | 80 mesh |
| Nano cobaltosic oxide | 4g | 10nm |
| Barium peroxide | 2g | 200 mesh |
| Kaolin clay | 2g | 200 mesh |
| Potassium perchlorate | 4g | 500 mesh |
The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the formula, and putting the components into a mixer for dry mixing until the components are uniformly mixed. And pouring the mixed raw materials into a custom mold. At 10T/cm on a tablet press 2 The oxygen generating agent is pressed to a density of 2.0g/cm 3 The oxygen producing explosive column.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a solid heating agent for oxygen candles, which comprises the following raw materials:
| chemical name | Quality of | Particle size/mesh |
| Ferroferric oxide | 2.45g | 200 |
| Magnesium powder | 0.4g | 800 |
| Barium peroxide | 2.15g | 200 |
The preparation method comprises the following steps: pouring the components into a micro mixer to be fully mixed for 1 hour at 0.2T/cm 2 Was press-molded under a pressure of (5 g).
The test method comprises the following steps: the solid oxygen candle formed by pressing is placed in a groove at the top of an oxygen generating drug column (200g) by using a heating agent. Then, after wrapping the heat insulating material, the mixture is frozen in an ultralow temperature freezing test box for 48 hours and finally ignited.
The experimental results are as follows: 200g of oxygen-producing explosive column can be completely combusted at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃, meanwhile, the exothermic compound has no phenomena of explosion, deflagration and the like, and the heat-insulating material is intact.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a solid heating agent for oxygen candles, which comprises the following raw materials:
| chemical name | Quality of | Particle size/mesh |
| Ferroferric oxide | 1g | 120 |
| Ferric oxide | 1.1g | 120 |
| Iron powder | 0.2g | 120 |
| Magnesium powder | 0.05g | 400 |
| Cobalt powder | 0.05g | 400 |
| Barium peroxide | 2.6g | 120 |
The preparation method comprises the following steps: pouring the components into a micro mixer to be fully mixed for 1 hour at 0.15T/cm 2 Was press-molded under a pressure of (5 g).
The test method comprises the following steps: the solid oxygen candle formed by pressing is placed in a groove at the top of an oxygen generating drug column (200g) by using a heating agent. Then, after wrapping the heat insulation material, the mixture is frozen in an ultralow temperature freezing test box for 48 hours, and finally, ignition is carried out.
The experimental results are as follows: 200g of oxygen-producing explosive column can be completely combusted at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃, meanwhile, the exothermic compound has no phenomena of explosion, deflagration and the like, and the heat-insulating material is intact.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a solid heating agent for oxygen candles, which comprises the following raw materials:
| chemical name | Quality of | Particle size/mesh |
| Ferric oxide | 2.6g | 200 |
| Silicon powder | 0.4g | 800 |
| Barium peroxide | 2g | 200 |
The preparation method comprises the following steps: pouring the components into a micro mixer to be fully mixed for 1 hour at 0.15T/cm 2 Was press-molded under a pressure of (5 g).
The test method comprises the following steps: the solid oxygen candle formed by pressing is placed in a groove at the top of an oxygen generating drug column (200g) by using a heating agent. Then, after wrapping the heat insulation material, the mixture is frozen in an ultralow temperature freezing test box for 48 hours, and finally, ignition is carried out.
The experimental results are as follows: 200g of oxygen-producing explosive column can be completely combusted at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃, meanwhile, the exothermic compound has no phenomena of explosion, deflagration and the like, and the heat-insulating material is intact.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a solid heating agent for oxygen candles, which comprises the following raw materials:
| chemical name | Quality of | Particle size/mesh |
| Ferric oxide | 1.6g | 200 |
| Silicon powder | 0.4g | 800 |
| Barium peroxide | 3g | 200 |
The preparation method comprises the following steps: pouring the components into a micro mixer to be fully mixed for 1 hour at 0.15T/cm 2 Was press-molded under a pressure of (5 g).
The test method comprises the following steps: the solid oxygen candle formed by pressing is placed in a groove at the top of an oxygen generating drug column (200g) by pressing. Then, after wrapping the heat insulation material, the mixture is frozen in an ultralow temperature freezing test box for 48 hours, and finally, ignition is carried out.
The experimental results are as follows: 200g of oxygen-producing explosive column can be completely combusted at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃, meanwhile, the exothermic compound has no phenomena of explosion, deflagration and the like, and the heat-insulating material is intact.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example solid exothermic agent for oxygen candle differs from example 1 only in that: barium peroxide is not included.
And (3) testing results: the insulation material is burned through with a severe deflagration phenomenon.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example solid exothermic agent for oxygen candle differs from example 1 only in the following raw materials:
and (3) testing results: the insulation material is burned through with a severe deflagration phenomenon.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example solid exothermic agent for oxygen candle differs from example 1 only in the following raw materials:
| chemical name | Quality of | Particle size/mesh |
| Ferroferric oxide | 2.65g | 200 |
| Magnesium powder | 0.4g | 800 |
| Barium peroxide | 1.95g | 200 |
And (3) testing results: the insulation material is burned through with a severe deflagration phenomenon.
Comparative example 4
The solid heat generating agent for oxygen candle of this comparative example is different from example 1 only in that the raw materials are as follows:
| chemical name | Quality of | Particle size/mesh |
| Ferroferric oxide | 1.55g | 200 |
| Magnesium powder | 0.4g | 800 |
| Barium peroxide | 3.05g | 200 |
And (3) testing results: the exothermic agent fails to generate heat normally.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The exothermic agent for the solid oxygen candle is characterized by comprising metal oxide, fuel and peroxide; the content of the peroxide is 40-60 wt% based on the total mass of the solid heat generating agent for the oxygen candle.
2. The solid heat generating agent for oxygen candle according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of peroxide is 43 to 52 wt% based on the total mass of the solid heat generating agent for oxygen candle.
3. The high energy exothermic agent for solid oxygen candle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of metal oxide to fuel in the exothermic agent for solid oxygen candle is (32-52): 4-8, or (42-49): 4-8, or (44-49): 6-8.
4. The solid heat generating agent for an oxygen candle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising, in parts by mass, 40 to 80 parts of a metal oxide, 40 to 80 parts of a peroxide, 1 to 10 parts of a fuel;
optionally, 32-52 parts of metal oxide, 40-60 parts of peroxide and 6-8 parts of fuel are included in parts by mass;
optionally, the total amount of the solid heat generating agent for the oxygen candle is 100 parts.
5. The solid oxygen candle heat generating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that,
the granularity of the metal oxide is 120-200 meshes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the particle size of the peroxide is 120-200 meshes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the particle size of the fuel is 400-800 meshes.
6. The solid oxygen candle heating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metal oxide is one or a mixture of iron sesquioxide, ferroferric oxide, manganese dioxide and copper oxide; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the peroxide is one or a mixture of barium peroxide and lithium peroxide; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the fuel is one or a mixture of several of iron powder, magnesium powder, cobalt powder, carbon powder and silicon powder.
7. A method for producing a heat generating agent for a solid oxygen candle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: mixing the components uniformly;
optionally, the preparation method further comprises compression molding; preferably, the pressing pressure is 0.1-0.2T/cm 2 。
8. Use of the solid heat generating agent for oxygen candle of any one of claims 1-6 for the preparation of oxygen candle.
9. An oxygen candle, characterized by comprising the solid oxygen candle heat generating agent of any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. The oxygen candle of claim 9, further comprising an oxygen generating agent and/or an ignition charge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210612697.2A CN115093300B (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | High-energy heat generating agent for solid oxygen candle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210612697.2A CN115093300B (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | High-energy heat generating agent for solid oxygen candle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115093300A true CN115093300A (en) | 2022-09-23 |
| CN115093300B CN115093300B (en) | 2023-05-12 |
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| CN202210612697.2A Active CN115093300B (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | High-energy heat generating agent for solid oxygen candle |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1035248A (en) * | 1989-01-28 | 1989-09-06 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Oxygen candle of sodium chlorate |
| JPH0331440A (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1991-02-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | High-temperature heat generating body and production thereof |
| CN1817824A (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2006-08-16 | 中国航天科技集团公司第四研究院第四十二所 | Chlorate oxygen column as ignitor and production thereof |
| CN107867675A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-04-03 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of oxygen candle powder column and preparation method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-05-31 CN CN202210612697.2A patent/CN115093300B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1035248A (en) * | 1989-01-28 | 1989-09-06 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Oxygen candle of sodium chlorate |
| JPH0331440A (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1991-02-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | High-temperature heat generating body and production thereof |
| CN1817824A (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2006-08-16 | 中国航天科技集团公司第四研究院第四十二所 | Chlorate oxygen column as ignitor and production thereof |
| CN107867675A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-04-03 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of oxygen candle powder column and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115093300B (en) | 2023-05-12 |
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