CN115093011B - Bioelectrochemistry integrated nitrogen removal reactor - Google Patents

Bioelectrochemistry integrated nitrogen removal reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115093011B
CN115093011B CN202210684217.3A CN202210684217A CN115093011B CN 115093011 B CN115093011 B CN 115093011B CN 202210684217 A CN202210684217 A CN 202210684217A CN 115093011 B CN115093011 B CN 115093011B
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anode
cathode
reactor
nitrogen removal
membrane
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CN202210684217.3A
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CN115093011A (en
Inventor
张程蕾
谢陈鑫
滕厚开
雷太平
钱光磊
赵慧
任春燕
李旗
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Tianjin Zhengda Science & Technology Co ltd
CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
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Tianjin Zhengda Science & Technology Co ltd
CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210684217.3A priority Critical patent/CN115093011B/en
Publication of CN115093011A publication Critical patent/CN115093011A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/100717 priority patent/WO2023241695A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/005Combined electrochemical biological processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C02F3/1268Membrane bioreactor systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a bioelectrochemistry integrated nitrogen removal reactor, which comprises a reactor shell and an end cover, wherein an anode, a cathode and anode diaphragm, a cathode, a gas diffusion membrane, an active microorganism filler layer and an MBR membrane are sleeved in the reactor shell from outside to inside in sequence; a water inlet and a sewage inlet are arranged on the reactor shell, and the sewage inlet is arranged at a position corresponding to the active microorganism filler layer; the end cover is provided with an exhaust port corresponding to the anode, a gas collecting port corresponding to the active microorganism filler layer and a water outlet corresponding to the MBR membrane. According to the application, the gas diffusion film is introduced into the electric field, so that efficient diffusion and enrichment of protons are realized, and the terminal electron donor and the terminal electron acceptor are separated, so that the ectopic electron compensation is possible, and the denitrification efficiency is improved; the built-in MBR membrane is adopted to effectively realize solid-liquid separation, which is beneficial to interception, growth and proliferation of hydrogen autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, improves the impact load resistance of a reaction system and reduces the turbidity of effluent.

Description

Bioelectrochemistry integrated nitrogen removal reactor
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a bioelectrochemistry integrated nitrogen removal reactor.
Background
In recent years, nitrogen-containing oversubstances of surface water and groundwater worldwide have been caused due to overuse of nitrogen fertilizers and annual increase in industrial sewage and domestic sewage discharge. The nitrogen element contained in the nitrate can cause water eutrophication, and the incomplete metabolite nitrite of the nitrate also has the effects of teratogenesis, toxicity, and the like, thereby seriously threatening the ecological environment health. If the treatment is not performed effectively, the stability and safety of the ecological environment can be affected.
Groundwater and surface water containing nitrates are difficult to repair by conventional denitrification techniques, subject to electron donor limitations. Although the membrane technology has good treatment effect, the problems of high operation cost and secondary pollution exist. The bioelectrochemical nitrogen removal technology is a novel wastewater nitrogen removal technology combining electrochemical technology and biotechnology, and under the action of an electric field, atomic hydrogen or hydrogen generated by a cathode is adsorbed on an electrode, so that the bioelectrochemical nitrogen removal technology can be directly utilized by denitrifying bacteria for reducing nitrate. Meanwhile, the anode region can effectively degrade organic matters. Therefore, a bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor needs to be designed, pollutants in water environment are used as electron donors, and hydrogen generated by a cathode is utilized to remove nitrate nitrogen in clean water. The reactor has the advantages of green environmental protection, energy conservation, emission reduction and the like, and can provide a technical idea for engineering application. However, the current research on bioelectrochemical nitrogen removal is focused on the development of electrode materials and fillers, and little research is conducted on the design of the reactor. And the current research results still have the problems of low nitrogen removal efficiency, low electron utilization rate and low proton utilization rate.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the technical problems, and provides a bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor which can realize nitrogen removal and turbidity reduction of surface water or underground water in one step.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme.
The bioelectrochemistry integrated nitrogen removal reactor comprises a reactor shell and an end cover, wherein an anode, a cathode and anode diaphragm, a cathode, a gas diffusion membrane, an active microorganism filler layer and an MBR membrane are sleeved in the reactor shell from outside to inside in sequence; the reactor shell is provided with a water inlet and a sewage inlet, and the sewage inlet is arranged at a position corresponding to the active microorganism filler layer; an exhaust port is arranged on the end cover at a position corresponding to the anode; a gas collecting port is arranged on the end cover at a position corresponding to the active microorganism packing layer; and a water outlet is arranged on the end cover at a position corresponding to the MBR membrane.
Further, the distance between the reactor shell and the anode is 1 mm-5 mm; the distance between the anode and the cathode diaphragm is 1 mm-3 mm; the distance between the cathode and the anode diaphragm is 3 mm-8 mm.
Further, the anode adopts a graphene composite cylindrical electrode; the cathode is a Ti reticular cylindrical electrode coated with Ni or Fe.
Further, the distance between the cathode and the gas diffusion membrane is 1 mm-3 mm; the width of the active microorganism filler layer is 10 mm-15 mm.
Further, the active microorganism filler layer comprises a filler loaded with active microorganisms, and the filler is activated carbon or fiber filler.
Further, the packing density of the packing is 20-40 v%.
Further, the width of the MBR membrane is 5 mm-10 mm.
Furthermore, the MBR membrane adopts an immersed hollow fiber membrane, and the membrane material is a PVDF fiber membrane or a ceramic membrane.
The application has the following beneficial effects.
Aiming at the problem of low electron utilization rate, the application provides a cathode-anode diaphragm; aiming at the problem of low proton utilization rate of the traditional bioelectrochemistry integrated nitrogen removal reactor, a gas diffusion membrane is added to enable protons to be efficiently diffused and enriched, and a terminal electron donor and a terminal electron acceptor are separated, so that ectopic electron compensation is possible, and the denitrification efficiency is improved. In addition, the MBR membrane is arranged in the reactor, so that the hydrogen autotrophic denitrification effluent passes through the MBR membrane under the pressure of the reactor, and solid-liquid separation is realized. Moreover, the reactor is favorable for interception, growth and increment of the hydrogen autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, improves the impact load resistance of a reaction system, and reduces the turbidity of effluent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the zone division in the reactor according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the end cap of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of water treatment using the reactor of the present application.
Wherein, 1, anode; 2. a cathode-anode separator; 3. a cathode; 4. an exhaust port; 5. a water inlet; 6. a liquid level gauge; 7. a gas diffusion membrane; 8. a filler; 9. a sewage inlet; 10. a gas collection port; 11. an access opening; 12. a water distribution plate; 13. an MBR membrane; 14. an end cap; 15. a water outlet; 16. a pressure sensor; 17. a reactor base; 18. a reactor housing; 19. a clean water tank; 20. a sewage tank; 21. a power supply; 22. and (5) conducting wires.
Detailed Description
The application will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor, preferably a cylindrical reactor, includes a reactor housing 18 and an end cap 14, the end cap 14 being disposed on the reactor housing 18, the reactor housing 18 being disposed on a reactor base 17.
The reactor shell 18 sequentially forms a mass supply area, a hydrogen autotrophic denitrification area and a solid-liquid separation area from outside to inside.
The proton supply area comprises an anode 1, a cathode and anode diaphragm 2, a cathode 3, an exhaust port 4, a water inlet 5 and a liquid level meter 6 which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside. Specifically, the reactor shell 18 is spaced from the anode 1 by a distance of 1 mm-5 mm; the distance between the anode 1 and the cathode separator 2 is 1 mm-3 mm; the spacing between the cathode and anode separator 2 and the cathode 3 is 3 mm-8 mm. The anode 1 adopts a graphene composite cylindrical electrode; the cathode 3 is a Ti netlike cylindrical electrode coated with Ni or Fe, and the anode and the cathode are respectively connected with the anode and cathode interfaces of the power supply 21 through leads 22. The end cover 14 is provided with an exhaust port 4 and a liquid level meter 6, and the position of the exhaust port 4 on the end cover 14 corresponds to the anode 1. The side wall of the reactor shell 18 is provided with a water inlet 5, and the water inlet 5 is connected with a clean water tank 19. The anode area and the cathode area of the reactor are filled with clean water when the reactor is started for the first time, then monitored by the liquid level meter 6, and when the liquid level is lower than a certain liquid level, the reactor is filled with water.
The hydrogen autotrophic denitrification region comprises a gas diffusion membrane 7, a filler 8, active microorganisms, a gas collection port 10, an overhaul port 11, a sewage inlet 9 and a water distribution disk 12. Specifically, the distance between the cathode 3 and the gas diffusion membrane 7 is 1 mm-3 mm. The width of the active microorganism filler layer consisting of the filler 8 and the active microorganism is 10 mm-15 mm, the filler 8 is activated carbon or fiber filler, and the filling density is 20% -40% (v/v). The hydrogen autotrophic denitrification area receives activated sludge, and deoxidizes and cultures for 3-4 weeks, so that the biomembrane is attached to the surface of the filler 8. The reactor shell 18 is also provided with a sewage inlet 9, the sewage inlet 9 is arranged at a position corresponding to the active microorganism filler layer, and the sewage inlet 9 is connected with a sewage tank 20; preferably, the sewage inlet 9 is arranged at the bottom of the reactor shell 18 and corresponds to the active microorganism packing layer, and the water distribution disc 12 is also arranged at the inlet. The end cover 14 is provided with a gas collection port 10 and an access port 11, the position of the gas collection port 10 on the end cover 14 corresponds to the active microorganism filler layer, and the gas collection port 10 is connected with a gas phase analyzer or an air bag.
The solid-liquid separation zone comprises an MBR membrane 13, a water outlet 15 and a pressure sensor 16. Specifically, the width of the MBR membrane 13 is 5-mm-10 mm, the MBR membrane 13 adopts an immersed hollow fiber membrane, and the membrane material is a PVDF fiber membrane or a ceramic membrane. The water outlet 15 and the pressure sensor 16 are arranged on the end cover 14. The water outlet 15 is also connected with the water inlet of the clean water tank 19 through a pipeline, and the water outlet 15 can also be used as a cleaning port.
The process of the reactor for removing nitrogen from wastewater is as follows: directly introducing sewage into the inner cavity of the hydrogen autotrophic denitrification region of the reactor through a sewage tank 20, removing N element in the sewage through the hydrogen autotrophic denitrification reaction, and generatingN of (2) 2 The gas is discharged from the gas collecting port 10, and the discharged gas is periodically subjected to component analysis to determine whether the reaction is sufficient, thereby determining the inflow rate.
Taking lake water in a certain area as an example, the water quality condition is about 30 mg/L of total nitrogen and about 40 mg/L of COD. Set 3 examples and 2 comparative examples to verify the nitrogen removal effect of the reactor.
Example 1
When the reactor is used, the space between the shell and the anode is 2 mm, the space between the anode and the cathode is 2 mm, and the space between the cathode and the anode is 6 mm. The width of the active microorganism filler layer is 12 mm, and the width of the MBR membrane is 8 mm. The nitrogen removal rate of the effluent is about 82%, and the water quality of the effluent is shown in figure 4.
Example 2
Unlike example 1, the packing and active microorganism bed were set to a width of 10 mm and the mbr membrane width was 5 mm. The nitrogen removal rate of the effluent is 75%, and the quality of the effluent is shown in figure 4.
Example 3
Unlike example 1, a case-to-anode spacing of 3 mm, an anode-to-cathode separator spacing of 1 mm, and an anode-to-cathode separator spacing of 5 mm were provided. The nitrogen removal rate of the effluent is 77%, and the quality of the effluent is shown in figure 4.
Comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, the built-in MBR membrane was not installed. The effluent passes through an external MBR membrane device with the width of 8 and cm. The nitrogen removal rate of the effluent is 66%, and the quality of the effluent is shown in figure 4. 16% lower than example 1, demonstrating that the MBR membrane can achieve enrichment of active microorganisms, thereby improving nitrogen removal rate.
Comparative example 2
Unlike example 1, the nitrogen removal rate of the effluent was about 45% without installing a gas diffusion membrane, and the effluent quality was as shown in FIG. 4. The results showed 37% lower than example 1. It is explained that the gas diffusion membrane can increase the concentration of hydrogen gas to maintain a supersaturated state. And realize the bubble-free release of hydrogen, thus raise mass transfer efficiency and utilization rate of hydrogen.
The embodiments of the present application are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in this way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.

Claims (8)

1. Bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor, including reactor shell (18) and end cover (14), its characterized in that: an anode (1), a cathode-anode diaphragm (2), a cathode (3), a gas diffusion membrane (7), an active microorganism filler layer and an MBR membrane (13) are sleeved in the reactor shell (18) from outside to inside in sequence; a water inlet (5) and a sewage inlet (9) are arranged on the reactor shell (18), and the sewage inlet (9) is arranged at a position corresponding to the active microorganism filler layer; an exhaust port (4) is arranged on the end cover (14) at a position corresponding to the anode (1); a gas collecting port (10) is arranged on the end cover (14) at a position corresponding to the active microorganism packing layer; and a water outlet (15) is arranged on the end cover (14) at a position corresponding to the MBR membrane (13).
2. A bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the reactor shell (18) and the anode (1) is 1 mm-5 mm; the distance between the anode (1) and the cathode-anode diaphragm (2) is 1 mm-3 mm; the distance between the cathode and the anode diaphragm (2) and the cathode (3) is 3 mm-8 mm.
3. A bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the anode (1) adopts a graphene composite cylindrical electrode; the cathode (3) is a Ti reticular cylindrical electrode coated with Ni or Fe.
4. A bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the cathode (3) and the gas diffusion membrane (7) is 1 mm-3 mm; the width of the active microorganism filler layer is 10 mm-15 mm.
5. A bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the active microorganism filler layer comprises a filler (8) loaded with active microorganisms, and the filler (8) is activated carbon or fiber filler.
6. The bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor of claim 5, wherein: the packing density of the packing (8) is 20-40 v%.
7. A bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the width of the MBR membrane (13) is 5 mm-10 mm.
8. A bioelectrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the MBR membrane (13) adopts an immersed hollow fiber membrane, and the membrane material is a PVDF fiber membrane or a ceramic membrane.
CN202210684217.3A 2022-06-17 2022-06-17 Bioelectrochemistry integrated nitrogen removal reactor Active CN115093011B (en)

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PCT/CN2023/100717 WO2023241695A1 (en) 2022-06-17 2023-06-16 Bio-electrochemical integrated nitrogen removal reactor

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CN115093011B (en) * 2022-06-17 2023-11-07 天津正达科技有限责任公司 Bioelectrochemistry integrated nitrogen removal reactor

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