CN103094598B - Integrated nitrification-denitrification microbial fuel cell - Google Patents
Integrated nitrification-denitrification microbial fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN103094598B CN103094598B CN201310029627.5A CN201310029627A CN103094598B CN 103094598 B CN103094598 B CN 103094598B CN 201310029627 A CN201310029627 A CN 201310029627A CN 103094598 B CN103094598 B CN 103094598B
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- denitrification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated nitrification-denitrification microbial fuel cell which mainly consists of a nitrification chamber and a denitrification chamber, wherein nitrification sludge is inoculated in the nitrification chamber; nitrogen-containing organic wastewater serves as a fuel, an organic matter is decomposed by heterotrophic bacteria to release electrons, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen by nitrifying bacteria and electrons are released; denitrification sludge is inoculated in the denitrification chamber; nitrification chamber effluent is introduced into the denitrification chamber to serve as a cathode solution, the residual organic matters can serve as a denitrification electron donor to be further removed, the nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are converted into nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria, the nitrogen is completely removed in the whole process, the electrons received by the nitrification anode can be received by a denitrification cathode through an external circuit, and electricity is generated. The device is compact in structure, nitrification-denitrification joint power generation can be realized, the biological nitrogen removal cost is reduced, the organic matters and ammonia nitrogen serve as fuels, the power generation efficiency is improved, the nitrification product serves as the electron donor, wastes are treated by utilizing wastes, and the operating cost of the microbial fuel cell can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological fuel cell, relate in particular to a kind of integral type nitrated-denitrifying microorganism fuel cell.
Background technology
Waste water treatment is high energy consumption industry.According to statistics, build not perfect in the situation that at China's waste water disposal facility, just account for 1% of national gross generation for the power consumption of waste water treatment every year, and at western developed countries such as America and Europes more up to 3%.Along with energy starved increasingly sharpens, the energy-saving and cost-reducing wastewater treatment industry realistic problem anxious to be resolved that become.
Microbiological fuel cell is a kind of taking microbe as catalyst, chemical energy is converted into the device of electric energy.In waste water, contain many pollutants, contain a large amount of chemical energy.Utilizing MFCs technology to process waste water, is the great innovation of wastewater processing technology, not only can pollution treatment, and can reclaim electric energy, be continuable New Wastewater Treatment Technique.Because microbiological fuel cell can be processed waste water and produce electric energy simultaneously, this new technology is favored by people more and more, becomes the research and development focus of field of waste water treatment.At present, utilize microbiological fuel cell to process organic wastewater, make substantial progress, no matter be the sanitary sewage to low concentration or the industrial wastewater to high concentration (starch wastewater, brewing wastewater, paper waste) and agricultural effluent (piggery wastewater), all show good adaptability, its volumetric loading can reach tens kilograms, and COD clearance can reach more than 90%, and power density can reach tens W/m
3or several thousand mW/m
2, microbiological fuel cell technology has been shown good application prospect in field of waste water treatment.
But also there are many defects in existing microbiological fuel cell technology.The one, although organic pollution is had to good removal effect, still not fully up to expectations to the removal of nitrogen pollutant.Under the background of increasingly aggravating at body eutrophication, the denitrification functions of research and development microbiological fuel cell has been inevitable requirement, and the microbiological fuel cell with synchronous carbon and nitrogen removal function has using value more; In addition, the ammonia nitrogen in waste water is the same with organic substance is all electron donor, also can be used as fuel, if can fully excavate ammonia nitrogen fuel source, can effectively improve raw material availability, and strengthens the electricity generation ability of microbiological fuel cell.The 2nd, cathode electronics acceptor cost is higher, has limited its promotion and application.Conventional electron acceptor mainly contains two classes at present, and a class is the chemical oxidizing agents such as the iron cyanide, permanganate and bichromate, and this electron-like acceptor mass transfer performances is good, and reactivity is high, but non-renewable, need often change, and cost is higher, and easily causes secondary pollution; Equations of The Second Kind is oxygen, and wide material sources are cheap and easy to get, and product is that water is pollution-free, but its solubility in water is lower, and rate of reduction is very slow, often need be at noble metal catalysts such as cathode load Pt, and also aeration cost is also higher.Nitrate nitrogen in waste water and nitrite nitrogen are also electron acceptors, if can be made full use of, not only can reduce the operating cost of microbiological fuel cell, can also reach the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, achieve many things at one stroke.
For many defects of microbiological fuel cell technology, the present invention utilize integral type nitrated-denitrifying microorganism fuel cell technology processes nitrogenous effluent, taking nitrogenous effluent as fuel production electric energy, realize synchronous denitrogenation of waste water and biological electrogenesis, significantly reduce biological denitrificaion expense; By associating nitration denitrification, improve the clearance of organic pollution and nitrogen pollutant; Utilize organic substance and ammonia nitrogen for fuel, improve efficiency of fuel cell generation, utilize nitration product as electron acceptor, the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, can effectively reduce the operating cost of microbiological fuel cell.Evidence, accordingly exploitation integral type nitrated-water outlet of denitrifying microorganism fuel cell is up to standard respond well, performance efficient stable, electrogenesis power is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of integral type nitrated-denitrifying microorganism fuel cell.
Integral type is nitrated-and denitrifying microorganism fuel cell comprises base for supporting, aeration zone, reaction zone, nitrated anode, wire, load, return duct, denitrification mud, denitrification chamber, outlet pipe, wireway, catholyte, probe tube, denitrification negative electrode, flange, separation membrane, probe tube, denitrification negative electrode, perforated plate, nitrated chamber, micro porous aeration head, water inlet pipe, nitrated chamber is provided with aeration zone and reaction zone, bottom, nitrated chamber is provided with base for supporting, bottom, aeration zone is provided with water inlet pipe, inside, aeration zone is provided with micro porous aeration head, reaction zone bottom is provided with perforated plate, reaction zone sidewall is provided with probe tube, reaction zone middle part is provided with nitrated anode, anolyte is equipped with in reaction zone inside, in anolyte, inoculate nitrifying sludge, on nitrated anode, adhere to nitrifying sludge, denitrification chamber sidewall is provided with probe tube, middle part, denitrification chamber is provided with denitrification negative electrode, denitrification chamber interior is equipped with catholyte, in catholyte, inoculate denitrification mud, on denitrification negative electrode, adhere to denitrification mud, denitrification chamber upper portion side wall is provided with outlet pipe, top, denitrification chamber is provided with wireway, nitrated chamber is connected by flange with denitrification chamber, on flange, be fixed with separation membrane, nitrated chamber and denitrification chamber are communicated with by return duct, load two ends are connected with denitrification negative electrode with nitrated anode respectively by wire.
The ratio of the volume of the volume of described nitrated chamber and denitrification chamber is 1 ~ 2.5:1, in nitrated chamber, the ratio of the volume of aeration zone and the volume of reaction zone is 0.1 ~ 0.3:1, the volume of nitrifying sludge is 1/10 ~ 1/4 with the ratio of the volume of nitrated chamber, and the volume of denitrification mud is 1/10 ~ 1/4 with the ratio of the volume of denitrification chamber.
Described anolyte is the waste water that contains organic substance and ammonia nitrogen, and pH is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.5 ~ 3.0mg/L, and the water outlet that catholyte is nitrated chamber contains nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in catholyte.
Described nitrated anode and the electric conducting material of denitrification negative electrode are carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, graphite felt or graphite cake, and the distance between nitrated anode and denitrification negative electrode is 5 ~ 20cm, and the area of nitrated anode is 8 ~ 50 m with the ratio of the volume of nitrated chamber
2: 1 m
3, the area of denitrification negative electrode is 8 ~ 50 m with the ratio of the volume of denitrification chamber
2: 1 m
3.
The material of described separation membrane is cation-exchange membrane, anion-exchange membrane, proton exchange membrane, Bipolar Membrane, micro-filtration membrane or milipore filter.
The a series of concentric circles circular hole that distributes on described perforated plate, Circularhole diameter is 1 ~ 3mm.
The beneficial effect that the present invention compared with prior art has: (1) can, taking nitrogenous effluent as fuel production electric energy, realize synchronous denitrogenation of waste water and biological electrogenesis, effectively reclaims the energy containing in nitrogenous effluent, reduces biological denitrificaion cost.(2) by associating nitration processes and denitrification process, realize omnidistance denitrogenation, improve the clearance of organic pollution and nitrogen pollutant.(3) utilize organic substance and ammonia nitrogen for fuel simultaneously, improve raw material availability, increase efficiency of fuel cell generation.(4) utilize nitration product nitrate nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen electron acceptor as microbiological fuel cell, the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, can effectively reduce the operating cost of microbiological fuel cell.Fortune test result in laboratory shows, and integral type is nitrated-and denitrifying microorganism fuel cell has good simultaneous denitrification de-carbon electricity generation performance, and contaminant removal efficiency is high, performance efficient stable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the nitrated microbiological fuel cell structural representation of Multifunctional reverse;
Fig. 2 is perforated plate structural representation;
In figure: base for supporting 1, aeration zone 2, reaction zone 3, nitrated anode 4, wire 5, load 6, return duct 7, denitrification mud 8, denitrification chamber 9, outlet pipe 10, wireway 11, catholyte 12, probe tube 13, denitrification negative electrode 14, flange 15, separation membrane 16, probe tube 17, denitrification negative electrode 18, perforated plate 19, nitrated chamber 20, micro porous aeration head 21, water inlet pipe 22.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, integral type nitrated-denitrifying microorganism fuel cell comprises base for supporting 1, aeration zone 2, reaction zone 3, nitrated anode 4, wire 5, load 6, return duct 7, denitrification mud 8, denitrification chamber 9, outlet pipe 10, wireway 11, catholyte 12, probe tube 13, denitrification negative electrode 14, flange 15, separation membrane 16, probe tube 17, denitrification negative electrode 18, perforated plate 19, nitrated chamber 20, micro porous aeration head 21, water inlet pipe 22, nitrated chamber 20 is provided with aeration zone 2 and reaction zone 3, 20 bottoms, nitrated chamber are provided with base for supporting 1, 2 bottoms, aeration zone are provided with water inlet pipe 22, 2 inside, aeration zone are provided with micro porous aeration head 21, reaction zone 3 bottoms are provided with perforated plate 19, reaction zone 3 sidewalls are provided with probe tube 13, reaction zone 3 middle parts are provided with nitrated anode 4, anolyte 17 is equipped with in reaction zone 3 inside, in anolyte 17, inoculate nitrifying sludge 18, on nitrated anode 4, adhere to nitrifying sludge 18, denitrification chamber 9 sidewalls are provided with probe tube 13, 9 middle parts, denitrification chamber are provided with denitrification negative electrode 14, catholyte 12 is equipped with in 9 inside, denitrification chamber, in catholyte 12, inoculate denitrification mud 8, on denitrification negative electrode 14, adhere to denitrification mud 8, denitrification chamber 9 upper portion side wall are provided with outlet pipe 10, 9 tops, denitrification chamber are provided with wireway 11, nitrated chamber 20 is connected by flange 15 with denitrification chamber 9, on flange 15, be fixed with separation membrane 16, nitrated chamber 20 and denitrification chamber 9 are communicated with by return duct 7, load 6 two ends are connected with denitrification negative electrode 14 with nitrated anode 4 respectively by wire 5.
The ratio of the volume of described nitrated chamber 20 and the volume of denitrification chamber 9 is 1 ~ 2.5:1, the ratio of the volume of 20Zhong aeration zone, nitrated chamber 2 and the volume of reaction zone 3 is 0.1 ~ 0.3:1, the volume of nitrifying sludge 18 is 1/10 ~ 1/4 with the ratio of the volume of nitrated chamber 20, and the volume of denitrification mud 8 is 1/10 ~ 1/4 with the ratio of the volume of denitrification chamber 9.
The waste water of described anolyte 4 for containing organic substance and ammonia nitrogen, pH is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.5 ~ 3.0mg/L, and catholyte 12 is the water outlet of nitrated chamber 20, contains nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in catholyte 12.
Described nitrated anode 4 and the electric conducting material of denitrification negative electrode 14 are carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, graphite felt or graphite cake, and the distance between nitrated anode 4 and denitrification negative electrode 14 is 5 ~ 20cm, and the area of nitrated anode 4 is 8 ~ 50 m with the ratio of the volume of nitrated chamber 20
2: 1 m
3, the area of denitrification negative electrode 14 is 8 ~ 50 m with the ratio of the volume of denitrification chamber 9
2: 1 m
3.
The material of described separation membrane 16 is cation-exchange membrane, anion-exchange membrane, proton exchange membrane, Bipolar Membrane, micro-filtration membrane or milipore filter.
The a series of concentric circles circular hole that distributes on described perforated plate 19, Circularhole diameter is 1 ~ 3mm.
Nitrifying sludge is seeded to nitrated indoor, nitrogenous effluent enters aeration zone, nitrated chamber from water inlet pipe and carries out aeration aerating, at nitrated chamber reaction zone, organic substance is decomposed and discharges electronics by heterotroph, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen and discharges electronics by nitrifier, complete nitrifying process, denitrification chamber inoculation denitrification mud, the water outlet of nitrated chamber is introduced denitrification chamber as catholyte by return duct, residual organic matter can be used as denitrification electron donor and is further removed, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are converted into nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria, complete denitrification process, realize denitrogenation of waste water, the electronics that in anolyte, organic substance and ammonia nitrogen decomposition discharge is received by nitrated anode, the electronics that nitrated anode is accepted is through connecting wire and load transfer to denitrification negative electrode, electronics is reduced by the nitrate nitrogen in catholyte and nitrite nitrogen, realize electrogenesis.
Claims (1)
- An integral type nitrated-denitrifying microorganism fuel cell, it is characterized in that it comprises base for supporting (1), aeration zone (2), reaction zone (3), nitrated anode (4), wire (5), load (6), return duct (7), denitrification mud (8), denitrification chamber (9), outlet pipe (10), wireway (11), catholyte (12), probe tube (13), denitrification negative electrode (14), flange (15), separation membrane (16), anolyte (17), nitrifying sludge (18), perforated plate (19), nitrated chamber (20), micro porous aeration head (21), water inlet pipe (22), nitrated chamber (20) is provided with aeration zone (2) and reaction zone (3), bottom, nitrated chamber (20) is provided with base for supporting (1), bottom, aeration zone (2) is provided with water inlet pipe (22), inside, aeration zone (2) is provided with micro porous aeration head (21), reaction zone (3) bottom is provided with perforated plate (19), reaction zone (3) sidewall is provided with probe tube (13), reaction zone (3) middle part is provided with nitrated anode (4), anolyte (17) is equipped with in reaction zone (3) inside, inoculation nitrifying sludge (18) in anolyte (17), on nitrated anode (4), adhere to nitrifying sludge (18), denitrification chamber (9) sidewall is provided with probe tube (13), middle part, denitrification chamber (9) is provided with denitrification negative electrode (14), catholyte (12) is equipped with in inside, denitrification chamber (9), inoculation denitrification mud (8) in catholyte (12), on denitrification negative electrode (14), adhere to denitrification mud (8), denitrification chamber (9) upper portion side wall is provided with outlet pipe (10), top, denitrification chamber (9) is provided with wireway (11), nitrated chamber (20) is connected by flange (15) with denitrification chamber (9), on flange (15), be fixed with separation membrane (16), nitrated chamber (20) and denitrification chamber (9) are communicated with by return duct (7), load (6) two ends are connected with denitrification negative electrode (14) with nitrated anode (4) respectively by wire (5), the ratio of the volume of described nitrated chamber (20) and the volume of denitrification chamber (9) is 1 ~ 2.5:1, in nitrated chamber (20), the ratio of the volume of aeration zone (2) and the volume of reaction zone (3) is 0.1 ~ 0.3:1, the ratio of the volume of the volume of nitrifying sludge (18) and nitrated chamber (20) is 1/10 ~ 1/4, and the ratio of the volume of the volume of denitrification mud (8) and denitrification chamber (9) is 1/10 ~ 1/4, the waste water of described anolyte (17) for containing organic substance and ammonia nitrogen, pH is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.5 ~ 3.0mg/L, and catholyte (12) is the water outlet of nitrated chamber (20), and catholyte contains nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in (12).2.a kind of integral type according to claim 1 is nitrated-denitrifying microorganism fuel cell, it is characterized in that described nitrated anode (4) and the electric conducting material of denitrification negative electrode (14) are carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, graphite felt or graphite cake, distance between nitrated anode (4) and denitrification negative electrode (14) is 5 ~ 20cm, and the ratio of the volume of the area of nitrated anode (4) and nitrated chamber (20) is 8 ~ 50 m 2: 1 m 3, the ratio of the volume of the area of denitrification negative electrode (14) and denitrification chamber (9) is 8 ~ 50 m 2: 1 m 3.3.a kind of integral type according to claim 1 is nitrated-denitrifying microorganism fuel cell, it is characterized in that the material of described separation membrane (16) is cation-exchange membrane, anion-exchange membrane, proton exchange membrane, Bipolar Membrane, micro-filtration membrane or milipore filter.
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| CN103746121B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-03-02 | 浙江大学 | A kind of method of microbiological fuel cell and detection oxidizability heavy metal ion |
| CN103872368B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2016-06-22 | 河海大学 | Interactive three Room biological fuel cell devices and the method being applied to denitrogenation of waste water thereof |
| CN103887552B (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏省城市规划设计研究院 | The membraneless microbiological fuel cell reactor of synchronous nitration and denitrification can be realized |
| CN104150607B (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-04-13 | 华南理工大学 | Utilize the device and method of microbiological fuel cell simultaneously degradation of phenol and ammonia nitrogen |
| CN108448144B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2020-10-27 | 广州大学 | Microbial fuel cell |
| CN108585383A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-09-28 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of efficient denitrification fuel cell coupling IEM-UF combined films nitrogen rejection facilitys |
| CN110127840B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-10-22 | 上海交通大学 | Sewage treatment device based on aerobic granular sludge bed reactor cathode microbial fuel cell |
| CN110272114A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-24 | 河海大学 | Manifold type coagulation bio-electrochemical cell system and sewage water treatment method |
| CN110845091A (en) * | 2019-12-22 | 2020-02-28 | 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 | Microbial electrolysis cell-membrane bioreactor combined treatment device for treating landfill leachate and treatment method thereof |
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| CN100428554C (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-10-22 | 清华大学 | Double-drum microbial fuel cell |
| CN102800883B (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2014-09-10 | 浙江大学 | Nitrification microbial fuel cell |
| CN203071172U (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-07-17 | 浙江大学 | Integrated nitrification-de-nitrification microbial fuel cell |
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