CN115093009B - Photocatalytic microbial fuel cell treatment assembly for underground water circulation well - Google Patents
Photocatalytic microbial fuel cell treatment assembly for underground water circulation well Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a photocatalysis microbial fuel cell treatment assembly for an underground water circulation well, which comprises a photocatalysis microbial fuel cell, wherein the photocatalysis microbial fuel cell can perform photocatalysis treatment and electrochemical treatment on underground water pumped out from the circulation well to degrade organic pollutants, a photocatalysis anode carrying photocatalysis materials is configured as a reactor shell, an annular light source is arranged around the reactor shell in a mode of being capable of forming an annular light band, and photo-generated holes and electrons generated by the photocatalysis anode cooperate with electrogenesis bacteria and degradation bacteria to promote oxidation degradation of the organic pollutants and generation of electric energy in the reactor. Under the condition that the photocatalytic anode is taken as a reactor shell and microorganisms are subjected to pre-domestication, the treatment assembly can solve the problem of low reaction efficiency of groundwater caused by low temperature, oxygen deficiency, no illumination and the like by coupling photocatalysis, a circulating well, a microbial fuel cell and the like, and can effectively repair organic pollution in the groundwater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, in particular to the technical field of photocatalytic microbial fuel cells for water pollution treatment, and specifically relates to a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell treatment assembly for an underground water circulation well.
Background
Groundwater has the characteristics of low temperature, oxygen deficiency, no illumination and the like, and is limited to be applied to the field of groundwater pollution treatment by conventional sewage treatment technologies, so that an efficient treatment technology capable of overcoming the limiting factors is urgently needed to treat pollutants in groundwater.
Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are a new type of bioelectrochemical device that can directly convert chemical energy retained in organic matter into electrical energy by microbial catabolism, wherein electrons are continuously generated by exogenous electrons in an anode and then consumed by an electron acceptor. MFCs offer an efficient, sustainable and environmentally friendly way in wastewater treatment and the paradigm of using MFCs to remove groundwater has emerged, however, the power output of MFCs is still well below theoretical today, limiting their practical use.
Photocatalysts (photo-catalyst) are a class of semiconductor materials that lack continuous regions between energy bands and have a certain forbidden band width. When the photocatalyst is irradiated with light having an energy equal to or greater than the forbidden band width of the semiconductor, electrons transit from the Valence Band (VB) to the Conduction Band (CB), generating hole-electron pairs. Under the action of potential field, both photo-generated holes and photo-generated electrons can migrate to the catalyst surface. Holes have extremely strong oxidizing properties and are excellent electron acceptors. Electrons have extremely strong reducibility and are excellent electron donors, but for complex pollutants, simple photocatalysis technology has limitations. The key point of the photocatalysis reaction is illumination, and under the practical environment, illumination in groundwater is less, so that the photocatalysis technology is limited to a certain extent.
The photocatalysis process of the organic matters can convert organic macromolecules difficult to degrade into organic micromolecules easy to degrade, and microorganisms in the MFC are easy to decompose the organic micromolecules. Thus, there is a possibility that the photocatalytic oxidation process is linked to the microbial oxidation process.
The circulating well technology can combine various technologies such as blowing off, air injection, vapor extraction, enhanced bioremediation, chemical oxidation and the like, can promote the dissolution and migration of pollutants, forms a vertical circulating flow field by aerating in the well, carries volatile and semi-volatile organic matters in the underground water into the well, and removes the volatile and semi-volatile organic matters by aeration blowing off. The circulation well technology has the advantage of being coupled with various technologies, such as modifying the extraction injection mode of the technology or combining with vapor extraction, a bioreactor and the like, modifying the operation mode and structure of the technology combined with the technology and the like. Common circulation well technology is basically aimed at semi-volatile and volatile organic compounds, and other technologies need to be coupled for removing other pollutants.
The prior art of photocatalysis microbial fuel cell technology is mainly to load one electrode of a microbial fuel cell with a photocatalysis material, for example, a method for promoting coking wastewater treatment by coupling a photocatalysis electrode with a microbial fuel cell disclosed in patent publication No. CN 108793422A, which comprises the steps of catalyst La-ZnIn 2 S 4 Graphene Oxide (RGO) and bismuth vanadate (BiVO 4 ) The photocatalytic anode is introduced into the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell reactor, the charge separation efficiency can be effectively improved through a heterostructure formed by coupling different catalysts, and the wavelength absorption range can be enlarged by coupling the photocatalysts in different absorption wavelength ranges, so that the photocatalytic efficiency is improved.
A photocatalysis-microbiological fuel cell sewage treatment composite device disclosed in the patent with publication number of CN208471684U constructs a double-anode microbiological fuel cell by connecting a semiconductor photocatalysis anode and a microbiological fuel cell anode with a cathode through an external load circuit, and strengthens the treatment capacity of organic pollutants (28). The patent publication No. CN 103159331A discloses a method and a device for treating sewage and simultaneously generating electricity by photocatalysis cooperated with a microbial fuel cell technology, wherein conductive glass coated with a P-type semiconductor photocatalyst film is connected with conductive filler to serve as an anode of the microbial fuel cell, and conductive glass coated with an N-type semiconductor photocatalyst film is connected with the conductive filler to serve as a cathode of the microbial fuel cell.
The prior art can not solve the problems of low temperature, oxygen deficiency, no illumination and difficult replacement operation of reaction components in the well in groundwater, and does not disclose a photocatalysis microbial fuel cell directly taking an anode as a reactor shell, and does not find a technical scheme for combining the photocatalysis microbial fuel cell with a circulating well technology.
Therefore, there is a need for a device that can solve the problems of low temperature, low oxygen deficiency of groundwater, microorganism proliferation and reduced reaction rate, limited application of photocatalysis technology due to non-illuminated environment of groundwater, low pollutant treatment efficiency and high pollutant selectivity of circulating well technology, and difficult replacement of underground treatment components.
Furthermore, there are differences in one aspect due to understanding to those skilled in the art; on the other hand, as the inventors studied numerous documents and patents while the present invention was made, the text is not limited to details and contents of all that are listed, but it is by no means the present invention does not have these prior art features, the present invention has all the prior art features, and the applicant remains in the background art to which the rights of the related prior art are added.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least a part of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention provides a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell treatment assembly for a groundwater circulation well, the treatment assembly being configured with a reactor equipped with a reactor housing for treating organic contaminants in groundwater in a manner of being suspended immersed in the groundwater circulation well, the reactor being configured as a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell, wherein the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is capable of oxidative degradation of organic contaminants in groundwater based on a coupling effect between a photocatalytic reaction occurring at a photocatalytic anode surface as a reactor housing and a microbial reaction occurring within the reactor in case a photocatalytic anode of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is loaded with a photocatalytic material.
The treatment assembly combines a circulating well technology, a photocatalysis technology and a microbial fuel cell technology, organic pollutants in underground water are continuously conveyed into the stripping device and the photocatalysis microbial fuel cell through the circulating well technology, the stripping device can pre-treat partially volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants, and the photocatalysis microbial fuel cell can further treat the organic pollutants in the underground water.
The photocatalysis technology generates hole-electron pairs by irradiating the photocatalysis material with light, and under the action of potential field, both the photo-generated hole and photo-generated electron can migrate to the surface of the catalyst, and the hole has extremely strong oxidizing property and is an excellent electron acceptor; electrons have extremely strong reducibility, are excellent electron donors, and can promote oxidation-reduction reaction. Microbial fuel cell technology converts chemical energy retained in an organic matter directly into electrical energy by microbial catabolism, wherein electrons are continuously generated by exogenous electrons in an anode and then consumed by an electron acceptor. The invention constructs a fuel cell reaction cavity for accommodating the microorganism domesticated in advance by taking the photocatalysis anode carrying the photocatalysis material as a reactor shell, organically combines the photocatalysis technology and the microorganism fuel cell technology, utilizes the product of the photocatalysis reaction to promote the progress of the fuel cell reaction, takes the electric energy generated by the fuel cell reaction as the luminous energy source of the photocatalysis reaction, and simultaneously overcomes the defects of low output power of the microorganism fuel cell technology caused by low-temperature oxygen deficiency of the groundwater and application of the photocatalysis technology in groundwater pollution treatment without illumination limitation.
In the case where the photocatalytic anode is configured as a reactor housing, the reactor housing is arranged in such a manner as to be able to enclose a reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell; the annular light source is arranged around the reactor housing in a manner that forms an annular band of light that irradiates the reactor housing in a radial direction. The photocatalytic anode is used as a carrier for photocatalytic reaction, and meanwhile, the photocatalytic anode is used as a reactor shell, so that the use of materials can be reduced, the difficulty of structural arrangement is reduced, the area of the photocatalytic anode for photocatalytic reaction is obviously enlarged, and the probability of the reaction of microorganisms and organic pollutants in groundwater on the surface of the photocatalytic anode is increased.
Preferably, in the case that the photocatalytic anode as the reactor housing has a positive potential, the photocatalytic anode is connected to a cathode located inside the reactor housing and an annular light source located outside the reactor housing to constitute a power supply circuit for supplying the annular light source with electric power. The electric energy generated by the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is transmitted to the annular light source through an external circuit, so that the dependence of the processing assembly on external energy sources is reduced.
In the case of a ring light source which radially surrounds the photocatalytic anode which is likewise configured as a ring, the ring light source can be adjusted in height and position such that the ring light source is at substantially the same level as the photocatalytic anode, so that the ring light source surrounds the photocatalytic anode at least by means of a large portion thereof in the axial direction and radially outward.
Preferably, the upper end of the reactor shell is provided with a plurality of conductive rods with built-in wires, the conductive rods are arranged in a crossed manner according to the mode that the built-in wires can be converged, and the carbon brushes cover the whole photocatalytic microbial fuel cell cavity in a mode that the carbon brushes can be arranged at different axial heights and different radial distances in the reaction cavity under the condition that at least one group of carbon brushes is arranged at each end point of the conductive rods. In order to ensure that pollutants at different positions in the reactor can be degraded, carbon brushes are hung in the reactor at different axial heights and different radial distances, the different axial heights refer to different heights of the carbon brush hanging heights relative to the bottom surface of the reaction cavity, the different radial distances refer to different radial distances from the hanging points of the carbon brushes on the conductive rods to the central axis of the reaction cavity, and a plurality of carbon brushes and the photocatalytic anode form a parallel loop, so that the loop can generate more electric energy based on the carbon brushes arranged at different positions of the reaction cavity and the conductive rods are converged to a storage battery through the cross arrangement.
Preferably, the upper end of the reactor housing may be provided with a stirrer for acting in the reaction chamber, and in case the stirrer is capable of forming a vortex for agitating contaminated groundwater in the reaction chamber based on the rotating member, the stirrer is disposed at a gap position of the carbon brush in a manner capable of varying a rotational speed or intermittently rotating, so that the stirrer can generate a controllable disturbance to promote uniform distribution of organic pollutants without causing a large amount of shedding of microorganisms loaded on the carbon brush due to the excessive disturbance.
Preferably, the processing assembly further comprises a ground-based fixture for suspending the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell within the circulation well, the processing assembly being capable of adjusting the depth of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell within the circulation well with the fixture at least to the extent that the photocatalytic anode, which is the reactor housing, breaks away from the groundwater when the positive potential of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell constituting the power supply circuit drops significantly.
Preferably, in the case that the photocatalytic anode configured as the reactor housing is radially surrounded by the annular light source and forms an annular space with the annular light source, the photocatalytic anode is radially provided with the water outlet, and the processing assembly is capable of flushing impurities adhering to the surfaces of the photocatalytic anode and the annular light source in such a manner that the groundwater flowing into the annular space from the reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell generates a vortex, so that the impurities are prevented from reducing the intensity of light emitted from the annular light source and the efficiency of the photocatalytic anode to receive the light.
Under the setting mode of the invention, the self-sustaining working time of the processing assembly is obviously prolonged, the maintenance period is greatly prolonged, and the operation cost is obviously reduced. For example, by lifting the photocatalytic anode alone to separate from the groundwater, microorganisms or impurities in a gap generated by the annular light source radially surrounding the annular photocatalytic anode can be removed, the light source transmittance is prevented from being reduced, and the power supply of the power supply circuit of the light source has significantly higher power generation capacity. In addition, turbulence can be generated in the annular gap between the descending annular light source and the photocatalytic anode by alternately lifting the descending annular light source and the photocatalytic anode, so that sludge and the tillering organisms attached to the sludge are eliminated, and the reaction efficiency of the photocell is improved. The photocatalytic anode has a considerable weight, so that the speed at which it descends can generate a considerable impact force on its surface, whereby the impact force can clean dirt attached to its surface, whereby it can be designed to taper towards the end of the circulation well to further enhance the impact effect; if the cone shape is combined with the annular light source, an annular vortex is formed underground, namely, a gap generated by radially surrounding the annular photocatalytic anode by the annular light source forms the annular vortex, and the liquid moving up and down in the vortex can remove dirt attached on the surfaces of the annular light source and the photocatalytic anode based on pressure generated by flow velocity change. In addition, by lifting the suspension height of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell, the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell can adapt to the condition of water level fluctuation of a circulating well.
When the power supply voltage of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell forming the power supply circuit is obviously reduced, and after the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is used for executing lifting and lowering cycles in the circulating well for a plurality of times by using the ground fixing device, the power supply voltage of the power supply circuit is still lower than the voltage required by the illumination threshold, and then the fixing device sends a maintenance instruction to the processing assembly.
Preferably, the treatment assembly further comprises an air extraction device, wherein in the case that the organic pollutants in the groundwater can be degraded based on the photocatalytic oxidation reaction to generate volatile organic pollutants, the air extraction device can extract the volatile organic pollutants and transmit the volatile organic pollutants to the tail gas purification device for purification treatment, so that the organic pollutants in the groundwater are continuously degraded and discharged out of the circulating well.
Preferably, the treatment assembly further comprises a water pumping and injecting device, and in the case that the water pumping and injecting device is connected with the upper section and the lower section of the circulating well main body separated by the packer through pipelines, the pumping and injecting device can pump out the underground water located at the lower section and convey the underground water to the upper section, so that the underground water forms vertical three-dimensional flowing circulation between the upper section and the lower section based on the pressure difference effect.
The present invention also provides a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell system including a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell for treating organic contaminants in groundwater, the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell being capable of oxidatively degrading the organic contaminants in groundwater based on a coupling effect between a photocatalytic reaction occurring at a surface of a photocatalytic anode as a reactor housing and a microbial reaction occurring in a reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell in a case where the photocatalytic anode of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is loaded with a photocatalytic material; wherein:
in the case where the reactor housing as the photocatalytic anode is configured as a reaction chamber capable of accommodating a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell, the annular light source disposed outside the reactor housing is configured in a shape capable of forming an annular light band and surrounding the photocatalytic anode therein, so that the surface of the photocatalytic anode facing the annular light source side can receive the emitted light of the annular light source.
In case the reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is arranged coaxially with the reactor housing, the reactor housing also serves as a photocatalytic anode of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell, such that the surface of the photocatalytic anode of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is capable of photocatalytic-based oxidation reaction with organic contaminants in groundwater. Microbial fuel cells can accommodate low temperature, oxygen-deficient environments, but at a slower reaction rate. The photocatalysis technology is coupled with the microbial fuel cell, the microbial cathode in the microbial fuel cell can pertinently domesticate microorganisms, the photocatalysis technology can generate photo-generated holes, electrons and free radicals under the illumination, wherein the photo-generated holes and the free radicals can oxidize organic matters, and the electrons can strengthen the reduction effect of pollutants such as heavy metals. So that the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell can treat organic pollution, inorganic pollution and compound pollution and accelerate the removal rate of pollutants.
The whole reactor shell of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is used as an anode for loading a photocatalytic material, so that the area of the anode for loading the photocatalytic material, which can generate photocatalytic reaction, is obviously increased compared with the prior art, more holes and electrons can be generated, electrons can activate oxygen to generate free radicals, and the free radicals and the holes can oxidize and degrade pollutants; the reactor shell wraps the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber, so that the reaction efficiency of microorganisms and organic matters in the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber on the surface of the anode is obviously improved, and the degradation of pollutants is further promoted.
Preferably, in the case of loading the pre-acclimated microorganisms to the cathode of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell, organic contaminants in the groundwater can undergo a photocatalytic-based oxidation reaction as fuel on the surface of the photocatalytic anode, so that electrons generated by the oxidation reaction can move to the cathode through an external circuit connected to the photocatalytic anode and be captured by the pre-acclimated microorganisms loaded on the cathode; under the condition that a complete closed circuit is formed by the cathode, the photocatalytic anode and the external circuit, the external circuit is also connected with a storage battery which can collect electric energy generated by the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell and can provide electric energy for the annular light source.
Preferably, in the case of an annular light source surrounding the illuminating photocatalytic anode, the annular light source can be adjusted in height and position such that the annular light source is at substantially the same level as the photocatalytic anode, so that the annular light source surrounds and illuminates the photocatalytic anode from radially outside by at least a majority of its sections.
Preferably, the groundwater carrying the organic pollutants flows into and out of the reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell from a water inlet and a water outlet arranged at the photocatalytic anode, respectively, based on the driving of the injection means; under the condition that the annular light source and the photocatalytic anode form an annular space filled with illumination, the groundwater flowing out of the reaction cavity and entering the annular space can communicate one side of the photocatalytic anode directly receiving illumination with the reaction cavity so as to increase the area of the photocatalytic anode for oxidation reaction, wherein the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell can flush impurities attached to the surfaces of the photocatalytic anode and the annular light source in a mode of generating vortex based on the groundwater flowing into the annular space from the reaction cavity.
Preferably, in the case where the photocatalytic anode configured as the reactor housing is surrounded by the annular light source in the radial direction and forms an annular space with the annular light source, the annular light source is configured with a telescopic rod in such a manner as to be capable of moving alone with respect to the photocatalytic anode, and the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is capable of generating an annular vortex in the annular space by alternately raising or lowering the photocatalytic anode and the annular light source to purge impurities in the annular space.
Preferably, in the case of loading the pre-acclimated microorganisms to the cathode of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell, organic contaminants in the groundwater can undergo a photocatalytic-based oxidation reaction as fuel on the surface of the photocatalytic anode, so that electrons generated by the oxidation reaction can move to the cathode through an external circuit connected to the photocatalytic anode and be captured by the pre-acclimated microorganisms loaded on the cathode; under the condition that a complete closed circuit is formed by the cathode, the photocatalytic anode and the external circuit, the external circuit is also connected with a storage battery which can collect electric energy generated by the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell and can provide electric energy for the annular light source, so that the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell system can independently work under the condition of not consuming external electric energy. The electric energy generated by the microbial fuel cell is supplied to the light source of the photocatalysis technology, so that the problem of low photocatalysis rate caused by darkness of underground water can be solved, and when the electric energy of the microbial fuel cell is insufficient for supplying the light energy, the external electric energy is supplemented.
The application also provides a microbial domestication method for a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell, comprising the following steps of: sludge is adopted in a site for pollution remediation, and domestication of the sludge is carried out after pretreatment of the sludge in a laboratory; adding sludge into cathode chamber, adding nutrient solution into cathode, and adding Na into nutrient solution 2 HPO 4 ·12H 2 O、NaH 2 PO 4 ·2H 2 O、NH 4 Cl、KCl、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O and CaCl 2 The nutrient solution is prepared by adding 0.5mL of trace element concentrate into each liter of nutrient solution; adding 1g/L of CH 3 COONa, four days at initial culture; adding 0.5g/L CH 3 COONa, one culture period every three days; purging with nitrogen for 30 minutes to drive off dissolved oxygen before each nutrient exchange; and (3) externally connecting a resistor, measuring voltage change, recording voltage once every 10 minutes, wherein three days are a period, and the voltage stabilization is successful domestication.
The application also provides a manufacturing method of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell anode, which comprises the following steps: sequentially polishing the titanium sheet by using abrasive paper from coarse to fine, and respectively ultrasonically cleaning the surface by using acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol and ultrapure water; placing NaF in a polyethylene beaker, adding water for full dissolution, adding ethylene glycol, and taking the obtained mixed solution containing NaF as electrolyte; ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the ultra-pure titanium sheet, and the ultra-pure titanium sheet is dried by nitrogen and calcined in air to obtain TiO 2 A nanotube; tiO is mixed with 2 Ultrasonic treating the nanotube, soaking in ammonia water to obtain Ti-base N doped TiO 2 Nano plate electrode and airing at room temperatureIrradiating the sample with ultraviolet light, and sealing and preserving in sample bag.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) The treatment assembly organically combines a circulating well technology, a photocatalysis technology and a microbial fuel cell technology, organic pollutants in the underground water are continuously conveyed into the stripping device and the photocatalysis microbial fuel cell through the circulating well technology to form treatment circulation, and the problems of low reaction efficiency of the underground water caused by low temperature, oxygen deficiency and no illumination can be solved through the coupling of the three technologies, so that the pollution of the underground water can be effectively repaired;
(2) The whole reactor shell of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is used as an anode for loading a photocatalytic material, so that the area of the anode for loading the photocatalytic material, which can generate photocatalytic reaction, is obviously increased compared with the prior art, more holes and electrons can be generated, electrons can activate oxygen to generate free radicals, and the free radicals and the holes can oxidize and degrade pollutants; the reactor shell wraps the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber, so that the reaction efficiency of microorganisms and organic matters in the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber on the surface of the anode is obviously improved, and the degradation of pollutants is further promoted;
(3) The annular light source surrounds the reactor shell, so that the annular light source can surround and irradiate the anode carrying the photocatalytic material, the problem that no illumination in underground water is unfavorable for photocatalysis is solved, and the illumination range is obviously enlarged compared with a single-side light source in the prior art. The external circuit connected with the cathode and the anode is also connected with a storage battery which can supply energy to the annular light source, and the storage battery can store the electric energy generated by the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell and provide the electric energy for the annular light source;
(4) The photocatalytic microbial fuel cell can adjust the depth of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell in the circulating well under the assistance of the fixing device, and the annular light source can move through the telescopic rod, so that the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell is convenient to replace or maintain parts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
1: a water pumping and injecting device; 2: a blow-off device; 3: a peristaltic pump; 4: a valve; 5: an air extracting device; 6: an exhaust gas purifying device; 7: a fixing device; 8: a fixed pulley; 9: a circulation well body; 10: an injection device; 11: a telescopic rod; 12: a wire; 13: a storage battery; 14: a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell; 15: an annular light band; 16: a packer; 17: a solid section; 18: extraction means; 19: a screen section; 20: a photocatalytic anode; 21: an inlet; 22: a stirrer; 23: annular light source, 24: a water inlet; 25: a water outlet; 26: a carbon brush; 27: a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber; 28: organic contaminants; 29: degrading bacteria; 30: generating electricity bacteria; 31: a conductive rod; a: a groundwater level; b: a gas flow; c: a water flow; d: a current; e: biological/chemical reactions.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings.
The photocatalytic technology and the microbial fuel cell technology are combined and used as functional components for reinforcing degradation of the organic pollutants 28 in the circulating well, so that the problem of low restoration efficiency of groundwater caused by low temperature, oxygen deficiency and no illumination can be solved, the organic pollutants 28 in the groundwater can be effectively treated, and the method has good application prospect in the field of current groundwater pollution treatment.
Example 1
The application provides a photocatalysis microbial fuel cell treatment assembly for an underground water circulation well, as shown in fig. 1, the treatment assembly comprises a water pumping and injecting device 1 for conveying polluted underground water, under the condition that the water pumping and injecting device 1 is respectively connected with a pumping device 18 and an injecting device 10 based on pipelines, underground water carrying organic pollutants 28 in a circulation well main body 9 is injected into the water pumping and injecting device 1 from the pumping device 18 based on the driving action of a peristaltic pump 3, the underground water flowing out of the water pumping and injecting device 1 firstly passes through a stripping device 2 and carries out gas stripping in the stripping device 2 so as to remove partial volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants in the underground water, and the stripping device 2 and a tail gas purifying device 6 are connected through pipelines so as to convey the volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants to the tail gas purifying device 6 for treatment.
When the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 is suspended in the circulating well main body 9 based on the fixing device 7, groundwater pretreated by the stripping device 2 enters the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 under the driving of the injection device 10, and organic pollutants 28 in the groundwater are degraded in the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 based on photocatalytic oxidation reaction to generate volatile organic pollutants; the air extractor 5 can extract volatile organic pollutants generated in the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 and convey the volatile organic pollutants to the tail gas purifying device 6 for purifying treatment, a valve 4 is arranged on a channel communicated with the inside of the well of the air extractor 5, and the air extractor 5 can be blocked from being communicated with the circulating well main body 9 by closing the valve 4.
Preferably, the circulating well main body 9 is formed by combining two screen sections 19 and two solid sections 17, the upper solid section, the upper screen section, the lower solid section, the packer 16 and the lower screen section are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in height, the extraction device 18 is arranged in a space surrounded by the lower screen section, the underground water treated by the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 enters the space surrounded by the lower solid section, the packer 16 separates the lower solid section from the lower screen section, the underground water cannot directly flow downwards in the circulating well main body 9 to the space surrounded by the lower screen section, and the underground water flows out of the circulating well main body 9 from the upper screen section and flows downwards to the lower screen section based on the pressure difference effect between the upper screen section and the lower screen section to reenter the inside of the circulating well main body 9, so that vertical three-dimensional flowing circulation is formed.
Preferably, the air extracting device 5 arranged on the ground can extract volatile gas and semi-volatile organic pollutants generated in the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 based on a pipeline extending into the circulating well main body 9, the extracted volatile gas and semi-volatile organic pollutant gas are introduced into the tail gas purifying device 6 connected with the pipeline of the air extracting device 5 for tail gas treatment, a valve 4 is arranged on the pipeline communicated with the inside of the well of the air extracting device 5, and the communicating between the air extracting device 5 and the circulating well main body 9 can be blocked by closing the valve 4.
Preferably, the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 is connected with the fixing device 7 through a rope body arranged on the fixed pulley 8, and the fixing device 7 can change the depth of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 in the circulation well based on the mode that the rope body moves around the fixed pulley 8, and can also lift the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 to a wellhead, so that components of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 can be maintained or replaced conveniently.
As shown in fig. 2, the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 includes a photocatalytic anode 20 carrying a photocatalytic material, the photocatalytic anode 20 is configured as a reactor housing surrounding a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber 27, a water inlet 24 and an inlet 21 for placing a carbon brush 26 as a negative electrode are formed in a top cavity wall of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber 27, a water outlet 25 for discharging treated groundwater is formed in a side wall of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber 27, and the groundwater flows in from the water inlet 24 and flows out from the water outlet 25 as shown by a dotted line in the figure.
The photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 configures a photocatalytic anode 20 carrying a photocatalytic material as a housing of a microbial fuel cell chamber, an annular light source 23 is arranged around the housing in such a manner as to be capable of forming an annular light band, and the annular light source 23 is adjusted in height and position by the telescopic rod 11; the annular light source 23 surrounds the irradiation photocatalytic anode 20, so that the photocatalytic anode 20 carrying the photocatalytic material performs a photocatalytic reaction to generate photo-generated holes and electrons and free radicals, the free radicals further oxidize the organic pollutants 28, and the electrons generated by the oxidation of the photocatalytic anode 20 move to the cathode through an external circuit and are captured by microorganisms carried on the cathode, so that the cathode, the photocatalytic anode 20 and the external circuit form a complete closed circuit.
Preferably, the annular light source 23 is arranged in such a manner that a space surrounding the photocatalytic anode 20 can be formed, the annular light source 23 being arranged coaxially with the reactor housing as the photocatalytic anode 20 and at approximately the same height, so that the annular light source 23 surrounds and irradiates the photocatalytic anode 20 from the radially outer side by at least a large portion of its section.
Preferably, under the condition that the annular light source 23 and the photocatalytic anode 20 form an annular space filled with illumination, groundwater flowing out of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber 27 and entering the annular space can communicate the side of the photocatalytic anode 20 directly receiving illumination with the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber 27, so that the efficiency of the oxidation reaction of the organic pollutants 28 in the groundwater on the surface of the photocatalytic anode 20 is further improved.
Preferably, the annular light source 23 can be adjusted in height and position through the telescopic rod 11, a circuit is arranged inside the telescopic rod 11, the circuit can provide standby electric energy when electric energy generated by the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 cannot provide enough electric energy for the light source, the shell of the telescopic rod 11 is made of waterproof materials, the telescopic rod 11 can be adjusted in length at will, and the telescopic rod is small in size and convenient to carry and take out.
Preferably, an external circuit connecting the cathode and the anode of the photo-catalytic anode 20 is further connected with a storage battery 13 capable of supplying power to the annular light source 23, the storage battery 13 can store power generated by the photo-catalytic microbial fuel cell 14 and supply the power to the annular light source 23, for example, the photo-catalytic anode 20 and the carbon brush 26 of the photo-catalytic microbial fuel cell 14 are connected through a wire 12, and the storage battery 13 is connected with the wire 12 to collect the power generated by the photo-catalytic microbial fuel cell 14.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the carbon brushes 26 may be disposed at equal height differences in the axial direction and at equal radial intervals in the radial direction, so that the carbon brushes 26 are uniformly spatially distributed inside the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber 27 and may more fully contact and react with the organic pollutants 28. For example, two conductive rods 31 are loaded at the upper end of the reactor shell, the conductive rods 31 are embedded with the wires 12, the four wires 12 are finally converged into one main wire, the current is transmitted by the wires 12, the generated electric energy is stored by the storage battery 13, one carbon brush 26 is arranged at each end point of the conductive rods 31, and four carbon brushes 26 are arranged in the reactor. The carbon brush 26 is loaded with partial degrading bacteria 29 and electrogenesis bacteria 30 on the premise of pre-domestication and is used for assisting in degrading the organic pollutants 28 and generating electrons; the carbon brushes 26 are located at different heights so that the pollution of most of the space in the reactor can be effectively treated as much as possible.
Preferably, the stirrer 22 can be arranged at the upper end of the reactor shell, the electric energy of the stirrer 22 can be supplied by an off-well power supply device, and the solution in the reactor can be fully mixed during operation, so that the concentration of the organic pollutants 28 at each position in the reactor tends to be equal, the organic pollutants 28 degraded by each carbon brush 26 tends to be uniform as much as possible, the carbon brushes 26 are basically uniformly distributed in space, and the pollution in most of the space in the reactor is effectively degraded; the rotation speed of the stirrer 22 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, so that the organic pollutants 28 can be more uniformly distributed in the reactor, and further the organic pollutants 28 at different positions are effectively degraded; however, the rotation speed is not too high, so that the microorganisms loaded on the carbon brush 26 are prevented from falling off greatly due to the disturbance of the water flow.
As shown in fig. 2, the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 is added with a mixed flora containing electrogenesis bacteria 30 and degradation bacteria 29, most bacteria are domesticated and then loaded on the carbon brush 26 of the cathode material, and part of bacteria are freely distributed in the whole cavity, sewage containing organic matters is oxidized on the surface of the anode as fuel, electrons reach the cathode through an external circuit, the generated electrons are captured by microorganisms, and the cathode and the anode form a complete closed electric loop with the external circuit, so that electric energy is generated. The battery 13 may collect electric power generated by the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 and supply the electric power to the light source. The anode is irradiated by a light source to cause the photocatalytic anode 20 carrying the photocatalytic material to undergo a photocatalytic reaction, generating photo-generated holes and electrons and free radicals which further oxidize the organic contaminants 28, electrons and 0 in water 2 Equal reaction to form H 2 0。
Preferably, the method for groundwater treatment and power generation using the present invention comprises the steps of:
(1) Culturing and domesticating microorganisms: sludge is collected in a site where pollution remediation is to be performed, pretreatment of the sludge is performed in a laboratory, and then domestication of the sludge is performed. Adding sludge into a cathode chamber, and adding nutrient solution into a cathode: na (Na) 2 HPO 4 ·12H 2 O，5.16g/L；NaH 2 PO 4 ·2H 2 O，1.16g/L；NH 4 Cl，0.155g/L；KCl，0.065g/L；MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O，0.1g/L；CaCl 2 O.0075g/L, and 0.5mL of trace element concentrated solution is added into each liter of nutrient solution. Four days at the initial stage of culture, 1g/L CH is added 3 COONa, a culture period of every three days thereafter, CH 3 COONa concentration was 0.5g/L. The nutrient solution was purged with nitrogen for 30 minutes before each change to drive off dissolved oxygen. And (3) externally connecting a resistor, measuring voltage change, recording voltage once every 10 minutes, wherein three days are a period, and the voltage stabilization is successful domestication.
(2) Manufacturing a cathode and an anode: the cathode is not limited to carbon brush 26, and the anode is not limited to N-doped TiO 2 However, the cathode of the present application is carbon brush 26, and the anode is N-doped TiO 2 For example, the replacement can also be performed according to actual conditions. The carbon brush 26 is adopted as the cathode, the cathode is directly used after pretreatment, and the anode is manufactured as follows: firstly, manufacturing a titanium sheet: sequentially polishing titanium sheets (purity is 99.9%) with different purposes, respectively cleaning the surfaces with acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol and ultrapure water for 15min, and air drying for use. Under the water bath condition, the carbon brush 26 is used as a cathode, the titanium sheet is used as an anode, and the spacing between the cathode and the anode electrode sheet is 2cm. 1.092g of NaF was placed in a 250mL polyethylene beaker, 40mL of water was added for sufficient dissolution, and 160mL of ethylene glycol was added to obtain a mixed solution containing 0.5wt% NaF as an electrolyte. After electrolysis for 5 hours under 30V DC voltage, the obtained titanium sheet was ultrasonically cleaned with ultrapure water for 30s, and dried with nitrogen gas. Then calcining for 2 hours in the air at 450 ℃ to obtain TiO 2 A nanotube substrate. The obtained Ti0 2 After the nanotube is ultrasonically treated for 15min, soaking the nanotube in 1mol/L ammonia water for one night to obtain Ti-based N-doped TiO 2 The nano plate electrode is dried at room temperature, the sample is irradiated by ultraviolet rays for 10min, and the sample is filled into a sample bag and sealed.
(3) Construction of a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell coupled circulation well treatment assembly: the cathode is a biological cathode, different strains are selected and domesticated according to actual pollution, the cathode material is a carbon brush 26, the photocatalytic electrode microbial fuel cell reactor component prepared in the step (2) is used as an anode, an annular lamp belt is placed to surround the reactor, the cathode and the anode are connected through a lead 12 to form a circuit, a light source vertically irradiates the photocatalytic electrode coupling microbial fuel cell component, the reactor is placed into water by using a fixed pulley 8, 1 water inlet 24 and 1 water outlet 25 are arranged in the reactor, and electric energy generated by the reactor is collected through a storage battery 13 and is supplied to the light source.
(4) The device not only maintains the microbial action of the cathode of the microbial fuel cell, but also forms electrons and holes under the excitation of light by the photocatalytic anode 20, and the electrons can activate oxygen to generate free radicals, and the free radicals and the holes can oxidize and degrade pollutants, so that the degradation of the pollutants is further promoted. The photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 is applied to the circulation well, so that corresponding pollutants can be removed more specifically, volatile and semi-volatile substances can be effectively removed from the circulation well, and the pollutants can continuously enter and exit the reactor through the hydraulic circulation effect, so that the continuous removal effect is realized. Thus, a processing assembly coupled with the three techniques enhances contaminant removal efficiency and expands contaminant removal range. If the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 is used as a part of a circulation well, the part has the characteristics of convenience in replacement, convenience in control and the like, and can also adapt to the low-temperature, oxygen-deficient and non-illumination environment of groundwater.
Example 2
This embodiment is an improvement of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 based on embodiment 1, and the repeated parts will not be described again. The present embodiment provides a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14, including a photocatalytic anode 20, the photocatalytic anode 20 carrying a photocatalytic material is configured as an annular structure with an intermediate cavity, a light source is disposed in the annular cavity, the light source may be provided as a cylindrical light source to ensure that the light source uniformly irradiates the photocatalytic anode 20 in a height direction, the light source is connected with a telescopic rod 11, and the position and height of the light source in the intermediate cavity may be adjusted by moving the telescopic rod 11.
Preferably, the reactor housing is configured to be capable of enclosing the annular structure of the photocatalytic anode 20, and forms a reaction cavity of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 in a manner of matching with the annular structure of the photocatalytic anode 20, and the reaction cavity is arranged in an annular manner, so that the efficiency of the photocatalytic reaction at each position can be increased while the area where the photocatalytic reaction occurs is increased.
Preferably, the side surface of the reactor shell is provided with a plurality of water inlets 24, the top of the reactor shell is provided with a plurality of water outlets 25, the groundwater enters the reaction cavity through the water inlets 24 on the side surface of the reactor shell, flows out of the reaction cavity from the water outlets 25 on the top of the reactor shell and flows from bottom to top, so that the organic pollutants 28 in the groundwater are uniformly distributed based on vortex disturbance, and the reaction efficiency of the organic pollutants 28 on the surface of the photocatalytic anode 20 is improved.
Preferably, a stirrer 22 can be added to enable the pollutants to be distributed in the reactor more uniformly, and the stirrer is an optional device, and is selected according to the actual situation.
Preferably, the top of the reactor shell is provided with a middle hole for placing the photocatalytic anode 20 and the light source, the telescopic rod 11 connected with the light source is provided with a sleeve, the sleeve is fixedly connected with the photocatalytic anode 20, the photocatalytic anode 20 is connected with the reactor shell in a mode that the upper structure is tightly matched with the structure of the central hole at the top of the reactor shell, and the middle cavity of the photocatalytic anode 20 can be ensured to be sealed, so that the irradiation effect of the light source on the photocatalytic anode 20 is prevented from being influenced due to the fact that the middle space is filled with underground water. The telescopic rod 11 connected with the light source ensures the sealing of the junction of the telescopic rod 11 and the upper structure of the photocatalytic anode 20 in a sleeve manner. The light source may also be fixed in the intermediate cavity of the photo-catalytic anode 20, and the light source configured as a column is arranged coaxially with the photo-catalytic anode 20.
Preferably, the photocatalytic anode 20 and the cathode of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 are connected using an external circuit such that the photocatalytic anode 20, the cathode and the external circuit are combined into a complete closed loop. The external circuit is also connected with a storage battery 13, the storage battery 13 can collect electric energy generated by the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell 14 and transmit the electric energy to the light source through a lead 12, and a circuit can be arranged in the telescopic rod 11 to serve as a standby electric energy source of the light source.
Preferably, the photocatalytic anode 20 can couple La-ZnIn 2 S 4 Graphene Oxide (RGO) and bismuth vanadate (BiVO 4 ) One or more catalystsWith the heterostructure formed, the charge separation efficiency can be effectively improved, and the wavelength absorption range of the photocatalytic anode 20 can be increased, thereby improving the photocatalytic efficiency.
Example 3
The present embodiment combines the circulating well technology with existing photocatalytic microbial fuel cells 14 to form a groundwater pollution treatment system suitable for use in different environments.
Preferably, the system may comprise an anode chamber and a cathode chamber which are in communication with each other and constitute the reactor body; the anode chamber is internally provided with photocatalysis TiO 2 The cathode chamber is internally provided with a second carbon brush; photocatalytic TiO 2 The electrode, the reference electrode and the first carbon brush extend out of the top of the anode chamber, and the extending part is sealed with the top of the anode chamber; the second carbon brush extends out from the top of the cathode chamber, and the extending part is kept sealed with the top of the cathode chamber; the top of the anode chamber is provided with a first water inlet, a first water outlet or a sampling port respectively, and the top of the cathode chamber is provided with a second water inlet and a second water outlet or a sampling port respectively; the communication part of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber is separated by a proton exchange membrane; the side wall of the anode chamber extends horizontally and outwards to form a tubular extension section, the tail end of the extension section is provided with a quartz glass layer, and the anode chamber is externally provided with an ultraviolet lamp positioned beside the quartz glass layer, and photocatalysis TiO (titanium dioxide) 2 The positional relationship among the electrode, the quartz glass layer and the first carbon brush can ensure that the quartz glass layer allows photocatalysis of TiO 2 The electrode receives ultraviolet light and prevents the ultraviolet light from irradiating the first carbon brush to kill microorganisms.
Preferably, the system comprises photosynthetic bacteria type MFC, bacillus type single-chamber MFC, facultative bacteria type multi-chamber parallel type MFC, mixed microbial sludge nitrification and denitrification type double-chamber MFC, MFC storage battery, and organic wastewater discharge or recycling device. Each device can degrade different components in the organic wastewater, continuously provide energy, provide a light source for microorganism proliferation and provide energy storage for the MFC storage battery. The microorganism is derived from organic wastewater, is enriched and cultivated in the MFC device, has strong adaptability and high propagation speed, can efficiently degrade all substances in the organic wastewater, and realizes wastewater purification and sludge complete digestion. The energy source in the treatment process is that the bioenergy of microorganisms is converted into electric energy or heat energy, so that the microbial flora can be maintained to treat the organic wastewater in different environments and under different climates.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are exemplary, and that a person skilled in the art, in light of the present disclosure, may devise various solutions that fall within the scope of the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present description and drawings are illustrative and not limiting to the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. Throughout this document, the word "preferably" is used in a generic sense to mean only one alternative, and not to be construed as necessarily required, so that the applicant reserves the right to forego or delete the relevant preferred feature at any time.
Claims (9)
1. A photocatalytic microbial fuel cell treatment assembly for a groundwater circulation well, the treatment assembly being configured with a reactor equipped with a reactor housing for treating organic contaminants (28) in groundwater in a manner suspended submerged in the groundwater circulation well, characterized in that the reactor is configured as a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14), wherein:
in the case where a photocatalytic anode (20) of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) is loaded with a photocatalytic material, the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) is capable of oxidatively degrading organic pollutants (28) in groundwater based on a coupling action between a photocatalytic reaction occurring at a surface of the photocatalytic anode (20) as the reactor housing and a microbial reaction occurring within the reactor;
in the case where the photocatalytic anode (20) is configured as the reactor housing, the reactor housing is arranged in such a manner as to be able to enclose a reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14); an annular light source (23) is arranged around the reactor housing in a manner capable of forming an annular band of light illuminating the reactor housing in a radial direction;
In case the photo-catalytic anode (20) as the reactor housing has a positive potential, the photo-catalytic anode (20) is connected to a cathode located inside the reactor housing and to the annular light source (23) located outside the reactor housing to constitute a power supply circuit for providing the annular light source (23) with electrical energy.
2. A processing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the case of the annular light source (23) radially surrounding the photocatalytic anode (20) which is likewise configured as an annular shape, the annular light source (23) can be adjusted in height and position such that the annular light source (23) is at the same level as the photocatalytic anode (20), so that the annular light source (23) surrounds in the axial direction at least by means of a majority of its sections and irradiates the photocatalytic anode (20) from the radially outer side.
3. A treatment assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a ground-based fixing device (7) for suspending the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) in a circulation well, which treatment assembly is able to adjust the depth of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) in the circulation well with the fixing device (7) at least to the extent that the photocatalytic anode (20) as the reactor housing breaks away from groundwater when the positive potential of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) constituting the power supply circuit drops significantly.
4. A treatment assembly according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the photocatalytic anode (20) configured as the reactor housing is provided with a water outlet (25) in the radial direction in a state of being illuminated radially surrounded by the annular light source (23) and constituting an annular space with the annular light source (23), the treatment assembly being capable of flushing impurities adhering to the surfaces of the photocatalytic anode (20) and the annular light source (23) based on the generation of a vortex of groundwater flowing into the annular space from the reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14).
5. A photocatalytic microbial fuel cell system, characterized in that the system comprises a photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) for treating organic contaminants (28) in groundwater, the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) being capable of oxidatively degrading organic contaminants (28) in groundwater based on a coupling effect between a photocatalytic reaction occurring at a surface of the photocatalytic anode (20) as a reactor housing and a microbial reaction occurring within a reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) in case that a photocatalytic anode (20) of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) is loaded with a photocatalytic material; wherein:
In the case where the reactor housing as the photocatalytic anode (20) is configured to be able to accommodate the reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14), an annular light source (23) disposed outside the reactor housing is configured to be able to form an annular light band and enclose the photocatalytic anode (20) in a shape such that a surface of the photocatalytic anode (20) facing the annular light source (23) side is able to receive light emitted from the annular light source (23);
in case the photo-catalytic anode (20) as the reactor housing has a positive potential, the photo-catalytic anode (20) is connected to a cathode located inside the reactor housing and to the annular light source (23) located outside the reactor housing to constitute a power supply circuit for providing the annular light source (23) with electrical energy.
6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that in case of loading pre-acclimated microorganisms to the cathode of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14), organic contaminants (28) in groundwater can undergo a photocatalytic-based oxidation reaction as fuel at the surface of the photocatalytic anode (20), so that electrons generated by the oxidation reaction can move to the cathode through an external circuit connected to the photocatalytic anode (20) and be captured by the pre-acclimated microorganisms loaded on the cathode; under the condition that the cathode, the photocatalytic anode (20) and the external circuit form a complete closed circuit, the external circuit is also connected with a storage battery (13) which can collect electric energy generated by the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) and can provide electric energy for the annular light source (23);
The reactor comprises a reactor shell, wherein a plurality of conductive rods (31) with built-in wires (12) are arranged at the upper end of the reactor shell, the plurality of conductive rods (31) are arranged in a crossed mode according to the built-in wires (12) in a converging mode, and the plurality of carbon brushes (26) cover the whole photocatalytic microbial fuel cell chamber (27) in a mode of being capable of being arranged at different axial heights and different radial distances in a reaction cavity under the condition that at least one group of carbon brushes (26) are arranged at each end point of the conductive rods (31).
7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that in case an annular light source (23) surrounds the illuminating photocatalytic anode (20), the annular light source (23) is adjustable in height and position such that the annular light source (23) is at the same level as the photocatalytic anode (20) so that the annular light source (23) surrounds and illuminates the photocatalytic anode (20) from radially outside by at least a majority of its sections.
8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that groundwater carrying organic contaminants (28) flows into and out of the reaction chamber of the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) from a water inlet (24) and a water outlet (25) arranged at the photocatalytic anode (20), respectively, based on the actuation of an injection device (10);
Under the condition that the annular light source (23) and the photocatalytic anode (20) form an annular space filled with illumination, groundwater flowing out of the reaction cavity and entering the annular space can communicate one side of the photocatalytic anode directly receiving illumination with the reaction cavity so as to increase the area of the photocatalytic anode (20) for oxidation reaction,
the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) is capable of flushing impurities adhering to the surfaces of the photocatalytic anode (20) and the annular light source (23) based on the way that groundwater flowing from the reaction chamber into the annular space generates a vortex.
9. The system according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the photocatalytic anode (20) configured as the reactor housing is configured with a telescopic rod (11) in such a manner that it can move alone relative to the photocatalytic anode (20) in the case of being illuminated radially surrounded by the annular light source (23) and constituting an annular space with the annular light source (23), the photocatalytic microbial fuel cell (14) being capable of generating an annular vortex in the annular space by alternately raising or lowering the photocatalytic anode (20) and the annular light source (23) to purge impurities in the annular space.
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| CN103159331B (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-06-18 | 重庆大学 | Method and device for simultaneously carrying out wastewater treatment and power generation by using photocatalysis associated microbial fuel cell technology |
| US20170214076A1 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-07-27 | Ankush Dhawan | Microbial fuel cell light assembly |
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| DE102018007454A1 (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-26 | Wind Plus Sonne Gmbh | Device and method for the photocatalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and / or nitrogen oxides in motor vehicles |
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| KR20150139429A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2015-12-11 | 대구대학교 산학협력단 | Photocatalytic Process Integr ated to Microbial Fuel Cell to Treat Pollutants of Wastewater |
| CN108585108A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-28 | 南京工业大学 | Device for treating arsenic-containing wastewater through photocatalysis |
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