CN115091264A - Internal gear machining device and machining method thereof - Google Patents
Internal gear machining device and machining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115091264A CN115091264A CN202210594145.3A CN202210594145A CN115091264A CN 115091264 A CN115091264 A CN 115091264A CN 202210594145 A CN202210594145 A CN 202210594145A CN 115091264 A CN115091264 A CN 115091264A
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- gear
- machining
- machined
- detection
- detection mechanism
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
Abstract
The invention discloses an internal gear machining device and a machining method thereof.A machined gear is arranged on a gear clamp; the detection mechanism and the machining cutter alternately act on the machined gear; the machining cutter rotates to cut the internal teeth of the rotating gear to be machined; the detection mechanism detects the inner ring of the machined gear before the machining tool is used, the detection mechanism is controlled to extend into the inner ring of the machined gear through a hydraulic cylinder, the detection mechanism is provided with a detection ball which is in rolling fit with the inner ring of the machined gear, and the inner side of the detection mechanism is also provided with a sensor for detecting the rotating speed and the radial displacement offset of the detection ball. According to the invention, the cutting state simulation is realized by contacting the detection ball with the machined gear, and the position precision and the structure coaxiality of the machined gear are reflected by the rotation speed and radial displacement deflection data of the detection ball detected by the sensor, so that the gear clamp is adjusted, or the machining tool is machined and compensated, and the machining precision of the internal gear can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gear machining, in particular to an internal gear machining device and a machining method thereof.
Background
In general, in gear machining, a gear is formed by gear cutting of a predetermined gear material, and after heat treatment of the machined gear, finishing (tooth profile grinding) is performed to remove distortion and the like caused by the heat treatment. Conventionally, in order to efficiently finish the tooth surface of a gear after heat treatment, various tooth profile grinding methods using a tool such as a WA-based grinding wheel or a superabrasive (diamond, CBN, or the like) grinding wheel have been provided. In addition, as for the shape of the tool used in these methods, there are also an external gear shape, an internal gear shape, a helical (worm) shape, and the like, depending on the shape of the gear to be ground.
On the other hand, gears, particularly internal gears, are frequently used in transmissions for automobiles and the like, and in recent years, in order to reduce vibration and noise of the transmission, it is required to improve the machining accuracy thereof.
The error of the internal gear workpiece caused by improper positioning and clamping is called workpiece installation error. The size of the clamp is not only related to the manufacturing errors of a workpiece and the clamp, but also related to the arrangement of a clamping device, and the influence of the clamp on the machining precision of the internal gear is shown as follows:
(1) the outer circle of the gear blank is not perpendicular to the end face and the inner hole and the outer circle of the gear blank are not coaxial, so that the gear ring can jump radially, and tooth pitch accumulated errors are generated.
(2) The internal gear is a thin-walled part, the radial rigidity is poor, and the radial runout after the internal gear is installed can cause tooth pitch error.
(3) Face run-out of the workpiece and fixture also directly affects tooth orientation errors. Improper application of the clamping force can cause the workpiece to deform, thereby creating a tooth misalignment.
(4) The axis of the workpiece is not coincident with the rotation axis of the working table, namely the workpiece is eccentrically arranged, and the workpiece is reflected to the internal gear to be processed in a 1: 1 relationship to cause tooth profile errors.
Therefore, it is an urgent need for those skilled in the art to solve the problem of how to overcome the error of internal gear machining and provide an internal gear machining apparatus and a machining method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an internal gear machining apparatus and a machining method thereof, which aim to solve the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an internal gear machining device comprises a gear clamp, a gear to be machined is mounted on the gear clamp; the device also comprises a detection mechanism and a processing cutter; the detection mechanism and the machining cutter alternately act on the machined gear; the machining cutter rotates to cut the internal teeth of the rotating gear to be machined;
the detection mechanism detects the inner ring of the machined gear before the machining tool is used, the detection mechanism is controlled to stretch into the inner ring of the machined gear through a hydraulic cylinder, the detection mechanism is provided with a detection ball which is in rolling fit with the inner ring of the machined gear, and the inner side of the detection mechanism is further provided with a sensor for detecting the rotating speed and the radial displacement offset of the detection ball.
According to the technical scheme, the installation position and the self structural characteristics of the machined gear are detected before the machining of the internal teeth, the cutting state simulation is realized by the contact of the detection ball and the machined gear, the position precision and the structural coaxiality of the machined gear are reflected by the detection ball rotating speed and radial displacement deflection data detected by the sensor, the gear clamp is adjusted, or the machining tool is subjected to machining compensation, and the machining precision of the internal gear can be greatly improved.
Preferably, in the above internal gear machining apparatus, the detection mechanism includes a hollow housing; the inner cavity of the hollow shell is provided with a mounting block; two sides of the mounting block are respectively connected with two side rods of the U-shaped rod in a sliding manner, and the end head of the U-shaped rod is provided with a displacement sensor; the middle rod of the U-shaped rod is connected with the detection ball in a rotating mode, the side wall of the hollow shell is provided with a notch corresponding to the detection ball, and the detection ball is partially exposed out of the hollow shell through the notch.
The technical scheme has the advantages that: the detection mechanism provided by the invention has a simple structure, converts the structural parameters of the position of the machined gear which is difficult to detect into the state detection of the detection ball, can greatly simplify the detection method, and is convenient to popularize and use.
Preferably, in the internal gear machining device, a circle of rubber ring is embedded on the detection ball, and the rubber ring corresponds to the notch.
The technical scheme has the advantages that: through the installation rubber circle, can enough prevent the wearing and tearing to the gear that is processed, can also improve the friction, realize pivoted synchronism.
Preferably, in the internal gear machining device, the rubber ring has a fracture, and a laser detector is fixed to the mounting block and aligned with the rubber ring.
The technical scheme has the advantages that: through the fracture design of rubber circle, can regard the fracture as the mark, and then measure speed through laser detector's discernment, measure simpler.
Preferably, in an internal gear machining device as above, the detection mechanism further includes a main control single chip microcomputer fixed inside the hollow shell, and the main control single chip microcomputer is respectively electrically connected with the displacement sensor and the laser detector.
The technical scheme has the advantages that: the master control single chip microcomputer can collect and analyze data of the displacement sensor and the laser detector, and then judges whether the processing requirements are met.
Preferably, in the internal gear machining device, the opening of the notch is sized to limit the sliding of the detection ball along the intermediate rod of the U-shaped rod.
The technical scheme has the advantages that: the movement of the detection ball can be prevented from influencing the detection data precision, and the structure is simplified.
The invention also provides a machining method of the internal gear machining device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting the gear to be machined on the gear clamp, after the position of the gear to be machined is fixed, extending the detection mechanism into the inner side of the gear to be machined through the hydraulic cylinder, and enabling the detection ball to be abutted with the inner ring of the gear to be machined;
s2, controlling the gear clamp to rotate at a constant speed, detecting the rotating speed and the radial displacement offset of the detection ball, and if the rotating speed of the detection ball is at the constant speed and the radial displacement offset does not exist or is within an error range, quitting the detection mechanism, and switching the machining cutter to machine; if the rotating speed of the detection ball is not uniform and/or radial displacement deviation exists, adjusting the clamping position of the gear clamp until the rotating speed of the detection ball is uniform and no radial displacement deviation exists or the radial displacement deviation is within an error range, withdrawing the detection mechanism and switching the machining tool to machine;
and S3, if the radial displacement deviation is within the error range, performing machining depth compensation of a corresponding size on the cutting depth of the machining cutter.
Preferably, in the method of machining an internal gear machining device, the machined gears of the same lot are detected only by the detection means for the first three machined gears.
The technical scheme has the advantages that: time can be saved, and the processing efficiency is improved.
Preferably, in the method of machining an internal gear machining apparatus described above, the gear to be machined is reworked if the detection of the rotation speed by the detection means is always non-uniform and cannot be adjusted by the gear jig.
The technical scheme has the advantages that: when unable adjustment through gear anchor clamps, then the gear that is processed of recognizable inferior, prevent batch problem product output.
Preferably, in the method of machining an internal gear machining apparatus, the error range is set according to a requirement for precision in gear machining, and the depth machining capability of the machining tool can be satisfied.
The technical scheme has the advantages that: because the fine setting effect of gear anchor clamps is limited, to the product of high accuracy demand, can coordinate the installation error to the depth of processing through the mode of processing compensation, can satisfy the product demand better.
Compared with the prior art, the internal gear machining device and the internal gear machining method have the following beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, before internal teeth are machined, the installation position and the self structural characteristics of the machined gear are detected, the cutting state simulation is realized by the contact of the detection ball and the machined gear, and the position precision and the structural coaxiality of the machined gear are reflected by the rotation speed and radial displacement deflection data of the detection ball detected by the sensor, so that the gear clamp is adjusted, or the machining cutter is machined and compensated, and the machining precision of the internal gear can be greatly improved.
2. The detection mechanism provided by the invention has a simple structure, converts the structural parameters of the position of the machined gear which is difficult to detect into the state detection of the detection ball, can greatly simplify the detection method, and is convenient to popularize and use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection mechanism for detecting a machined gear according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the detection mechanism of fig. 1 according to the present invention.
Wherein:
1-a gear to be processed;
2-a detection mechanism;
21-a detection ball; 22-a hollow shell; 221-notch; 23-a mounting block; a 24-U shaped rod; 25-a displacement sensor; 26-a rubber ring; 261-fracture; 27-a laser detector; 28-a master control singlechip;
3-hydraulic cylinder.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the invention discloses an internal gear machining device, which comprises a gear clamp, wherein a machined gear 1 is arranged on the gear clamp; the device also comprises a detection mechanism 2 and a processing cutter; the detection mechanism 2 and the machining cutter alternately act on the machined gear 1; the machining cutter rotates to cut the internal teeth of the rotating gear 1 to be machined;
the detection mechanism 2 detects the inner ring of the gear 1 to be machined before the machining tool is used, the detection mechanism 2 is controlled to extend into the inner ring of the gear 1 to be machined through the hydraulic cylinder 3, the detection mechanism 2 is provided with a detection ball 21 which is in rolling fit with the inner ring of the gear 1 to be machined, and the inner side of the detection mechanism 2 is also provided with a sensor for detecting the rotating speed and the radial displacement offset of the detection ball 21.
In order to further optimize the above solution, the detection means 2 comprise a hollow casing 22; the inner cavity of the hollow shell 22 is provided with a mounting block 23; two sides of the mounting block 23 are respectively connected with two side rods of the U-shaped rod 24 in a sliding manner, and the end head of the U-shaped rod 24 is provided with a displacement sensor 25; the middle rod of the U-shaped rod 24 is rotatably connected with the detection ball 21, the side wall of the hollow shell 22 is provided with a notch 221 corresponding to the detection ball 21, and a part of the detection ball 21 is exposed out of the hollow shell 22 through the notch 221.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, a circle of rubber ring 26 is embedded on the detection ball 21, and the rubber ring 26 corresponds to the notch 221.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the rubber ring 26 has a break 261, and the laser detector 27 is fixed on the mounting block 23, and the laser detector 27 is aligned with the rubber ring 26.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the detecting mechanism 2 further includes a main control single chip 28 fixed inside the hollow casing 22, and the main control single chip 28 is electrically connected to the displacement sensor 25 and the laser detector 27 respectively.
In order to further optimize the above solution, the opening of the notch 221 is sized to limit the sliding of the detection ball 21 along the middle bar of the U-shaped bar 24.
The machining method of the internal gear machining device provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting the gear 1 to be machined on a gear clamp, fixing the position, then extending the detection mechanism 2 into the inner side of the gear 1 to be machined through the hydraulic cylinder 3, and enabling the detection ball 21 to be abutted against the inner ring of the gear 1 to be machined;
s2, controlling the gear clamp to rotate at a constant speed, detecting the rotating speed and the radial displacement offset of the detection ball 21, if the rotating speed of the detection ball 21 is at the constant speed and no radial displacement offset exists, or the radial displacement offset is within an error range, quitting the detection mechanism 2, and switching the machining cutter to machine; if the rotating speed of the detection ball 21 is not uniform and/or radial displacement offset exists, adjusting the clamping position of the gear clamp until the rotating speed of the detection ball 21 is uniform and no radial displacement offset exists or the radial displacement offset is within an error range, withdrawing the detection mechanism 2 and switching a machining cutter to machine;
and S3, if the radial displacement deviation is within the error range, performing machining depth compensation of corresponding size on the cutting depth of the machining cutter.
The machined gears 1 of the same lot are detected only by the detection mechanism 2 for the first three machined gears 1.
If the detection mechanism 2 detects that the rotating speed is always non-uniform and cannot be adjusted through the gear clamp, the machined gear is reworked.
The error range is set according to the machining precision requirement of the machined gear 1, and the deep machining capacity of the machining tool can be met.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An internal gear machining device includes a gear jig on which a machined gear (1) is mounted; the device is characterized by also comprising a detection mechanism (2) and a processing cutter; the detection mechanism (2) and the machining tool alternately act on the machined gear (1); the machining cutter rotates to cut the internal teeth of the rotating gear (1) to be machined;
the detection mechanism (2) detects the inner ring of the machined gear (1) before the machining tool is used, the detection mechanism (2) is controlled to stretch into the inner ring of the machined gear (1) through a hydraulic cylinder (3), the detection mechanism (2) is provided with a detection ball (21) which is in rolling fit with the inner ring of the machined gear (1), and the inner side of the detection mechanism (2) is further provided with a sensor for detecting the rotating speed and the radial displacement offset of the detection ball (21).
2. An internal gear machining device according to claim 1, characterised in that the detection mechanism (2) comprises a hollow housing (22); the inner cavity of the hollow shell (22) is provided with a mounting block (23); two sides of the mounting block (23) are respectively connected with two side rods of the U-shaped rod (24) in a sliding manner, and the end head of the U-shaped rod (24) is provided with a displacement sensor (25); the middle rod of the U-shaped rod (24) is rotatably connected with the detection ball (21), the side wall of the hollow shell (22) is provided with a notch (221) corresponding to the detection ball (21), and part of the detection ball (21) is exposed out of the hollow shell (22) through the notch (221).
3. An internal gear processing device according to claim 2, wherein a ring of rubber ring (26) is embedded on the detection ball (21), and the rubber ring (26) corresponds to the notch (221).
4. An internal gear machining device according to claim 3, characterised in that the rubber ring (26) has a break (261), and a laser detector (27) is fixed to the mounting block (23), the laser detector (27) being aligned with the rubber ring (26).
5. An internal gear processing device according to claim 4, wherein the detection mechanism (2) further comprises a main control single chip microcomputer (28) fixed inside the hollow shell (22), and the main control single chip microcomputer (28) is electrically connected with the displacement sensor (25) and the laser detector (27) respectively.
6. An internal gear machining device according to claim 2, wherein the notch (221) has an opening size capable of restricting the sliding of the detection ball (21) along the intermediate bar of the U-shaped bar (24).
7. A machining method of an internal gear machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, mounting the gear (1) to be machined on the gear clamp, after the position is fixed, extending the detection mechanism (2) into the gear (1) to be machined through the hydraulic cylinder (3), and enabling the detection ball (21) to be abutted with the inner ring of the gear (1) to be machined;
s2, controlling the gear clamp to rotate at a constant speed, detecting the rotating speed and the radial displacement offset of the detection ball (21), if the rotating speed of the detection ball (21) is at the constant speed and no radial displacement offset exists, or the radial displacement offset is within an error range, quitting the detection mechanism (2), and switching the machining cutter to machine; if the rotating speed of the detection ball (21) is not uniform and/or radial displacement deviation exists, adjusting the clamping position of the gear clamp until the rotating speed of the detection ball (21) is uniform and no radial displacement deviation exists or the radial displacement deviation is within an error range, withdrawing the detection mechanism (2) and switching the machining cutter to machine;
and S3, if the radial displacement deviation is within the error range, performing machining depth compensation of corresponding size on the cutting depth of the machining cutter.
8. The machining method of an internal gear machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that the machined gears (1) of the same lot are detected only for the first three machined gears (1) using the detection mechanism (2).
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the gear to be machined is reworked if the rotational speed is not always detected at a constant speed by the detection means (2) and cannot be adjusted by the gear clamp.
10. The method of machining an internal gear machining device according to claim 7, wherein the error range is set according to a precision requirement of machining of the gear (1) to be machined, and the deep machining capability of the machining tool can be satisfied.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210594145.3A CN115091264A (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Internal gear machining device and machining method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210594145.3A CN115091264A (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Internal gear machining device and machining method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115091264A true CN115091264A (en) | 2022-09-23 |
Family
ID=83289168
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210594145.3A Withdrawn CN115091264A (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Internal gear machining device and machining method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115091264A (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-05-27 CN CN202210594145.3A patent/CN115091264A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Application publication date: 20220923 |