CN115089796A - Femoral artery cannula - Google Patents

Femoral artery cannula Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115089796A
CN115089796A CN202210684064.2A CN202210684064A CN115089796A CN 115089796 A CN115089796 A CN 115089796A CN 202210684064 A CN202210684064 A CN 202210684064A CN 115089796 A CN115089796 A CN 115089796A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cannula
blood
femoral artery
tube
insertion part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210684064.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈增胜
席一峰
樊瑜波
邓小燕
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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Publication date
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Priority to CN202210684064.2A priority Critical patent/CN115089796A/en
Publication of CN115089796A publication Critical patent/CN115089796A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3653—Interfaces between patient blood circulation and extra-corporal blood circuit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3666—Cardiac or cardiopulmonary bypass, e.g. heart-lung machines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
    • A61M25/1002—Balloon catheters characterised by balloon shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
    • A61M25/1025—Connections between catheter tubes and inflation tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
    • A61M2025/1043—Balloon catheters with special features or adapted for special applications
    • A61M2025/1095—Balloon catheters with special features or adapted for special applications with perfusion means for enabling blood circulation while the balloon is in an inflated state or in a deflated state, e.g. permanent by-pass within catheter shaft

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a femoral artery cannula. The femoral artery cannula comprises: the blood transfusion cannula comprises a cannula body and a cannula body, wherein the cannula body comprises an insertion part and a connecting part, a blood inlet is formed in one end, away from the insertion part, of the connecting part, a blood outlet is formed in one end, away from the connecting part, of the insertion part, and a first side opening is formed in the insertion part; and the air bag is arranged on the outer wall of the insertion part and is arranged between the first side opening and the bleeding opening. In the femoral artery cannula, the inflated balloon can form a blood communication gap between the cannula body and the arterial blood vessel. Meanwhile, the blood flowing out of the first side opening hole flows along the blood flowing gap, and is perfused to the distal limb for supplying blood, so that the long-term ischemia and necrosis of the organ are prevented.

Description

Femoral artery cannula
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of extracorporeal circulation medical instruments, in particular to a femoral artery cannula.
Background
The intubation is a key component directly connected with a human blood vessel in an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) system, plays a role in connecting an ECMO Extracorporeal circulation pipeline with a human blood vessel bridge, and plays a vital role in playing a role in the normal function of the ECMO system. An ECMO system includes two cannulas, one for drawing venous blood from the body and one for returning arterial blood after oxygenation by the ECMO system to the body. In clinical treatment of the ECMO system, venous-to-arterial (VA) cannulation is a common emergency procedure, whereby blood is withdrawn from the femoral vein through the venous cannulation, and arterial blood is returned to the body from the femoral artery after oxygenation by the ECMO system. The intubation mode is easy to implement, short in operation time, effective in emergency treatment of patients with acute failure of cardiopulmonary function and the most widely used intubation mode for ECMO clinical application. This cannulation approach has disadvantages, and often leads to distal femoral ischemia when oxygenated arterial blood is returned to the femoral artery via the femoral catheter.
The blood return direction of the existing femoral artery cannula generally flows from the far end to the near end, so that blood can be supplied only to the abdominal aorta, the aortic arch, the carotid artery and the like after the femoral artery cannula is inserted into the femoral artery, and the blood supply to the distal extremity of the femoral artery, such as the lower leg and the foot is insufficient. Because the flow rate of the ECMO system is often high when the ECMO system supports a patient with cardiopulmonary failure, if a cannula with a smaller inner diameter is selected, the blood resistance is increased, and the blood damage caused by the cannula is also increased. Therefore, when selecting a cannula, a cannula with a relatively large inner diameter is generally selected according to the size of the femoral artery of the patient. After the femoral artery cannula is inserted into the femoral artery, blood can be conveyed only in the advancing direction (iliac artery, abdominal aorta and the like) when the cannula is inserted, and blood is supplied to the lower limb part in the other direction (lower limb, foot and the like) usually through the side hole structure of the cannula. In the event of prolonged ischemia of the lower extremities, there is a risk of necrosis of the lower legs and feet.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the invention
The invention aims to provide a femoral artery cannula which is used for solving the problem of insufficient blood supply of the distal limb end of the existing femoral artery cannula.
(II) technical scheme
To solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a femoral artery cannula, comprising:
the intubation tube comprises an intubation tube body and a first connecting part, wherein the intubation tube body comprises an insertion part and a connecting part, a blood inlet is formed in one end, away from the insertion part, of the connecting part, a blood outlet is formed in one end, away from the connecting part, of the insertion part, and a first side opening is formed in the insertion part;
a balloon disposed on an outer wall of the insertion portion, the balloon being disposed between the first side opening and the bleeding port.
In some embodiments, the air-guide tube is further included, one end of the air-guide tube is communicated with the air bag, and the other end of the air-guide tube is provided with an air vent.
In some embodiments, the airway tube is disposed within the cannula body.
In some embodiments, the airway tube is disposed within a sidewall of the cannula body.
In some embodiments, the end of the airway tube communicating with the balloon extends out of the insertion portion in a first direction, and the end of the airway tube provided with the vent extends out of the connection portion in a second direction.
In some embodiments, the first direction is the same as the second direction.
In some embodiments, the diameter of the airway tube is less than the smallest diameter of the cannula body.
In some embodiments, the end of the insertion portion provided with the bleeding port is a tube head, and the end of the insertion portion connected with the connecting portion is a tube tail.
In some embodiments, the end of the tube end connected to the tube head is provided with a second side opening.
In some embodiments, the blood inlet is provided with a first connector for connecting a membrane oxygenator;
the vent is equipped with the second connector, the second connector is used for connecting the inflation equipment.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a femoral artery cannula, and an expanded air sac can form a blood circulation gap between a cannula body and an artery vessel. Meanwhile, the blood flowing out of the first side opening hole flows along the blood flowing gap, and is perfused to the distal limb for supplying blood, so that the long-term ischemia and necrosis of the organ are prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a femoral artery cannula according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an airway tube according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an insertion portion of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a reference view of a femoral artery cannula according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
an insertion portion 11; a first side opening, 111; a cartridge, 112; a tube end, 113; a second side opening, 114; a connecting portion 12; bleeding port, 13; inlet for blood, 14; an air bag, 2;
an air duct, 3; vent, 31;
blood vessels, 4.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It is to be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of these exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.
In the related art, to prevent distal ischemia caused by insertion of the ECMO femoral artery, the distal limb is usually perfused by adding a perfusion bypass to the distal limb at the insertion site. This approach, while solving the problem of distal limb ischemia caused by ECMO femoral cannulation, increases the complexity of the procedure. Establishing a perfusion bypass requires making an incision in the patient's distal blood vessel and inserting a bypass perfusion tube, which further complicates the otherwise complex ECMO procedure and increases the patient's pain.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a femoral artery cannula according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a femoral artery cannula, which comprises a cannula body and a balloon 2.
The cannula body comprises an insertion part 11 and a connecting part 12, wherein a blood inlet 14 is formed in one end, away from the insertion part 11, of the connecting part 12, a blood outlet 13 is formed in one end, away from the connecting part 12, of the insertion part 11, and a first side opening 111 is formed in the insertion part 11. The first side opening 111 may be one or more. The insertion portion 11 is used for insertion into the blood vessel 4, and the connection portion 12 extends out of the blood vessel 4 and is used for connection with a membrane oxygenator of an ECMO system.
The balloon 2 is provided on the outer wall of the insertion portion 11, and the balloon 2 is provided between the first side opening 111 and the bleeding port 13. The airbag 2 has a circular or oval shape, and the airbag 2 is disposed around the insertion portion 11.
The femoral artery cannula inflated balloon 2 provided in this embodiment can form a blood flow gap between the cannula body and the arterial vessel 4. Meanwhile, the blood flowing out of the first side opening hole 111 flows along the blood flowing slit to perfuse the distal limb for supplying blood, so that the long-term ischemic necrosis of the organ is prevented. The air bag 2 in this embodiment can ensure that blood flowing out of the first side opening 111 supplies blood to the lower limb. When adopting this arteria femoralis intubate to carry out ECMO low limbs arteria femoralis backward flow and perfuse, can carry out two-way blood supply, can prevent effectively that blood vessel 4 from blockking low limbs reposition of redundant personnel hole, when satisfying the perfusion of upper limbs organ oxygenation artery blood, also can be for far away limb end, shank and foot etc. provide blood and perfuse, have avoided extra bypass perfusion operation, have reduced the operation complexity, have alleviateed patient's misery.
In some embodiments, the femoral artery cannula further comprises an airway tube 3, one end of the airway tube 3 is communicated with the balloon 2, and the other end is provided with a vent 31.
Airway tube 3 may be disposed within the cannula body. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an airway tube 3 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 2, the airway tube 3 may also be pre-embedded in the side wall of the cannula body. One end of the air duct 3 communicated with the air bag 2 extends out of the insertion part 11 along a first direction, and one end of the air duct 3 provided with the vent hole 31 extends out of the connection part 12 along a second direction. The first direction is the same as the second direction. The first side opening 111 may be disposed opposite the airway tube 3. The diameter of the airway tube 3 is smaller than the minimum diameter of the cannula body.
When the cannula is inserted into the femoral artery cannula provided by the embodiment, the air bag 2 is attached to the surface of the cannula, so that the difficulty of inserting the cannula into the blood vessel 4 is not increased. After the cannula insertion position is positioned, gas is introduced into the balloon 2 through the vent hole 31, whereby the balloon 2 can be expanded, blood supply to the lower limb from the blood flowing out through the first side opening 111 can be ensured, and the stretching damage of the blood vessel 4 caused by expansion of the balloon 2 can be reduced as much as possible.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the insertion portion 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the end of the insertion portion 11 provided with the bleeding opening 13 is a tube head 112, the tube head 112 is tapered, cylindrical or spherical, and the end of the insertion portion 11 connected to the connection portion 12 is a tube tail 113. The end of the pipe end 113 connected to the pipe head 112 is provided with a second side opening 114. The second side openings 114 may be one or more. The second side apertures 114 may be two or more pairs, symmetrical or asymmetrical apertures. The second side opening holes 114 play a role in shunting ECMO system artery backflow blood, so that the blood flows back to the artery vessel 4 from the second side opening holes 114, and the problem of blood injury caused by overlarge resistance due to the fact that large-flow blood only enters the artery vessel 4 from the blood outlet 13 is avoided.
In some embodiments, the inlet port 14 is provided with a first connector for the circulation line and the vent port 31 is provided with a second connector for connection to the inflation device.
Fig. 4 is a reference view of a femoral artery cannula according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, in use, the connection portion 12 of the cannula body is first connected to the ECMO circulation line, the insertion portion 11 of the cannula body is inserted into the arterial blood vessel 4, and the balloon 2 is inflated through the vent 31 to form a gap of a predetermined width between the cannula body and the wall of the arterial blood vessel 4. When the ECMO operates, the blood pump extracts venous blood and sends the venous blood into the membrane oxygenator for gas exchange, the blood after gas exchange enters the blood inlet through the connecting pipe and enters the cannula body, part of the blood enters the arterial blood vessel 4 through the blood inlet 14 and the second side opening 114, and the rest of the blood supplies blood to the distal limb through the first side opening 111. The femoral artery intubation provided by the embodiment of the invention has low use difficulty and small side effect, and is particularly suitable for emergency rescue.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.

Claims (10)

1. A femoral cannula, comprising:
the intubation tube comprises an intubation tube body and a first connecting part, wherein the intubation tube body comprises an insertion part and a connecting part, a blood inlet is formed in one end, away from the insertion part, of the connecting part, a blood outlet is formed in one end, away from the connecting part, of the insertion part, and a first side opening is formed in the insertion part;
a balloon disposed on an outer wall of the insertion portion, the balloon being disposed between the first side opening and the bleeding port.
2. The femoral artery cannula according to claim 1, further comprising an airway tube, one end of the airway tube being in communication with the balloon and the other end being provided with a vent.
3. The femoral artery cannula of claim 2, wherein the airway tube is disposed within the cannula body.
4. The femoral cannula of claim 2, wherein the airway tube is disposed within a sidewall of the cannula body.
5. The femoral artery cannula according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the end of the airway tube communicating with the balloon extends out of the insertion portion in a first direction, and the end of the airway tube provided with the vent extends out of the connection portion in a second direction.
6. The femoral cannula of claim 5, wherein the first direction is the same as the second direction.
7. The femoral cannula of claim 2, wherein the airway tube has a diameter less than a minimum diameter of the cannula body.
8. The femoral artery cannula according to claim 1, wherein the end of the insertion part provided with the bleeding opening is a tube head, and the end of the insertion part connected with the connecting part is a tube tail.
9. The femoral artery cannula of claim 8, wherein the end of the tube tail connected to the tube head is provided with a second side opening.
10. The femoral cannula of claim 1 wherein the blood inlet is provided with a first connector for connection to a membrane oxygenator;
the vent is equipped with the second connector, the second connector is used for connecting the inflation equipment.
CN202210684064.2A 2022-06-16 2022-06-16 Femoral artery cannula Pending CN115089796A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210684064.2A CN115089796A (en) 2022-06-16 2022-06-16 Femoral artery cannula

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210684064.2A CN115089796A (en) 2022-06-16 2022-06-16 Femoral artery cannula

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115089796A true CN115089796A (en) 2022-09-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210684064.2A Pending CN115089796A (en) 2022-06-16 2022-06-16 Femoral artery cannula

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115089796A (en)

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