CN115085344B - Intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of lithium battery box - Google Patents
Intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of lithium battery box Download PDFInfo
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- CN115085344B CN115085344B CN202211003106.8A CN202211003106A CN115085344B CN 115085344 B CN115085344 B CN 115085344B CN 202211003106 A CN202211003106 A CN 202211003106A CN 115085344 B CN115085344 B CN 115085344B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses an intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of a lithium battery box, which belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries and comprises the following components: the primary battery protection circuit is connected with the battery pack and used for performing overcurrent protection, voltage overvoltage and undervoltage protection and temperature protection on the charging and discharging of the battery in the battery pack; the battery power-off circuit is connected with the primary battery protection circuit and is used for realizing the power-off of the battery switch; the isolation circuit is connected with the battery power-off circuit and is used for isolating the battery into a power supply with preset voltage; and the secondary battery protection circuit is connected with the isolation circuit and used for protecting the voltage output by the isolation circuit and realizing the safe output of the voltage. The invention separates the charging path from the discharging path, and carries out independent design and safety protection respectively, thereby ensuring that the charging path meets the requirement of intrinsic safety and enhancing the safety and the reliability of the whole circuit. When the battery leaves the power supply body, the circuit can be quickly and actively cut off, and the intrinsic safety terminal is prevented from discharging in the moving process of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to an intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of a lithium battery box.
Background
At present, battery powered is the main power supply mode of this ampere of wireless device in pit, nevertheless because colliery special requirement, the lithium cell is strictly forbidden to charge in the pit, consequently, the charging of battery can only go on ground, and conventional lithium cell is as an organic whole with equipment, and the ground is transported with battery and equipment together to the charging needs, and this has thus increased the difficulty that the battery charges, also need increase extra equipment simultaneously and assist the going on.
In order to solve the problem, a battery box technology is adopted in the coal mine field, the battery box is of a replaceable structure and can be separated from equipment, the difficulty of transporting batteries to the ground can be relieved, and meanwhile, the equipment can work for a long time underground.
However, due to the existence of gas and coal dust in the underground coal mine, faults such as short circuit and grounding cannot occur to a control circuit of the battery box, or electric sparks or electric arcs can be generated, so that gas or coal dust explosion is caused in the underground coal mine. Therefore, it becomes important to research an intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of the lithium battery box.
An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides an intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of a lithium battery box, which can separate charging and discharging paths and realize intrinsic safety explosion-proof of the lithium battery box.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides an intrinsic safe explosion-proof circuit of lithium battery box, lithium battery box have a plurality of groups of batteries, and every group battery comprises a plurality of economize on electricity batteries, lithium battery box present case explosion-proof circuit includes:
the primary battery protection circuit is connected with the battery pack and is used for performing overcurrent protection, voltage overvoltage and undervoltage protection and temperature protection on the charging and discharging of the battery in the battery pack;
the battery power-off circuit is connected with the primary battery protection circuit and used for realizing the power-off of a battery switch;
the isolation circuit is connected with the battery power-off circuit and is used for isolating the battery into a power supply with a preset voltage;
and the secondary battery protection circuit is connected with the isolation circuit and used for protecting the voltage output by the isolation circuit and realizing the safe output of the voltage.
Wherein, lithium battery box has 1 group's group battery, and this group battery comprises 3 batteries, just lithium battery box's battery capacity is less than or equal to 100Wh.
The isolation circuit is a 4-way isolation circuit, and the 4-way isolation circuit divides the battery into 4 isolated 12V power supplies.
The primary battery protection circuit comprises an integrated chip U1 of the primary battery protection circuit, resistors R1-R14, a rectifier diode D1, capacitors C1-C7 and MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes Q1-Q2; in the primary battery protection circuit, pins VC1-VC3 of an integrated chip U1 are respectively connected with a battery BT1, a battery BT2 and a battery BT3 through a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R5, and a resistor R1 and a rectifier diode D1 which are connected in series are connected between a VCC pin of the integrated chip U1 and the anode of the battery pack; a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4 are respectively connected between the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R5 and the negative electrode of the battery pack; the TEST pin of the integrated chip U1 is grounded; a resistor R8 and a resistor R13 which are connected in series are connected between a VTC pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack; a VTD pin and a TS pin of the integrated chip U1 are both connected with a resistor R13, and a resistor R7 is connected between the VTD pin of the integrated chip U1 and the resistor R13; a resistor R6 and an MOS tube Q1 which are connected in series are connected between an NCDRV pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and a resistor R10 is connected between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1; a resistor R11 is connected between the VM pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack; a resistor R4 and an MOS tube Q2 which are connected in series are connected between the NDDRV pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and a resistor R12 is connected between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2; a resistor R9, a resistor R14 and a capacitor C5 are connected between a CS pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the resistor R9 is connected with the capacitor C5 in parallel; a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7 are connected between the two CUVT pins of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack respectively; and the VSS pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery pack.
The battery power-off circuit comprises MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes Q1-Q4, rectifier diodes D1-D4, resistors R1-R7 and switches K1-K2 of the battery power-off circuit; in the battery power-off circuit, two groups of MOS tube groups are connected between the anode of the battery pack and the cathode of the battery pack, wherein one group of MOS tube group consists of an MOS tube Q1 and an MOS tube Q3 which are connected in series, and the other group of MOS tube group consists of an MOS tube Q2 and an MOS tube Q4 which are connected in series; a resistor R4 and a resistor R5 are respectively connected between the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q3 and between the MOS tube Q2 and the MOS tube Q4; a resistor R2 and a first voltage stabilizing diode which are connected in series are connected between the source electrodes of the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q3; a resistor R3 and a voltage stabilizing diode II which are connected in series are connected between the source electrodes of the MOS tube Q2 and the MOS tube Q3; rectifier diodes D1-D4 are connected between the source electrodes of the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q2 and the anode of the battery pack, wherein the rectifier diode D1 is connected with the rectifier diode D2 in parallel, and the rectifier diode D3 is connected with the rectifier diode D4 in parallel; be connected with resistance R7 and zener diode three between the negative pole of MOS pipe Q3 and MOS pipe Q4's grid and group battery, zener diode is connected with switch K1 on three, the group battery positive pole with be connected with resistance R1 and the resistance R6 of establishing ties between the group battery negative pole, resistance R1 with be connected with switch K2 between the resistance R6.
The isolation circuit is 4 paths of isolation circuits, and each path of isolation circuit is a flyback switching power supply circuit composed of a transformer, a power supply chip and optocoupler feedback.
The secondary battery protection circuit comprises an integrated chip U1, an integrated chip U2, an integrated chip U3, an integrated chip U4, triodes Q1-Q2, MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes M1-M2, rectifier diodes D1-D6, capacitors C0-C7, tunnel diodes U5-U6 and resistors R1-R28 of the secondary battery protection circuit; in the secondary battery protection circuit, an OUT1 pin and an OUT2 pin of an integrated chip U1 are both connected with a 5V power supply through a resistor R17; a VCC pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a 5V power supply; a 1-pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R15, and the resistor R15 is grounded; a 1+ pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R27, and the resistor R27 is grounded; a resistor R7, a resistor R8 and a capacitor C3 which are connected in parallel are connected between a pin 2 of the integrated chip U1 and the ground; a resistor R1 is connected between the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the capacitor C3 which are connected in parallel and the power supply port; the 2+ pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R19 and a tunnel diode U5 which are connected between a 5V power supply and the ground in series; a 3-pin and a 4+ pin of the integrated chip U1 are connected, and a resistor R23 and a resistor R25 which are connected in series are connected between the 3-pin and the 4+ pin of the integrated chip U1 and the resistor R27; a pin 3+ of the integrated chip U1 is connected with the resistor R17, and a pin 4-of the integrated chip U1 is connected with the integrated chip U3; a GND pin of the integrated chip U1 is grounded; the OUT4 pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with the integrated chip U3, and the OUT3 pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R13; the resistor R13 is connected with the triode Q1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R2 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube M1 which are connected in parallel are connected between the triode Q1 and a power supply port, and a resistor R5 and a rectifier diode D3 which are connected in parallel are connected between the resistor R2 and the MOS tube M1; a capacitor C0, a rectifier diode D1 and a rectifier diode D2 which are connected in parallel are connected between the power supply port and the ground, and the capacitor C0, the rectifier diode D1 and the rectifier diode D2 which are connected in parallel are connected with a resistor R15; the OUT1 pin and the OUT2 pin of the integrated chip U2 are both connected with a 5V power supply through a resistor R18; a VCC pin of the integrated chip U2 is connected with a 5V power supply; a 1-pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R16, and the resistor R16 is grounded; a pin 1+ of the integrated chip U2 is connected with a resistor R28, and the resistor R28 is grounded; a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C4 which are connected in parallel are connected between the 2-pin of the integrated chip U2 and the ground; a resistor R3 is connected between the resistor R9, the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 which are connected in parallel and the power supply port; a 2+ pin of the integrated chip U2 is connected with a resistor R20 and a tunnel diode U6 which are connected between a 5V power supply and the ground in series; a 3-pin and a 4+ pin of the integrated chip U2 are connected, and a resistor R24 and a resistor R26 which are connected in series are connected between the 3-pin and the 4+ pin of the integrated chip U2 and a resistor R28; a pin 3+ of the integrated chip U2 is connected with the resistor R18, and a pin 4-of the integrated chip U2 is connected with the integrated chip U4; the GND pin of the integrated chip U2 is grounded; the OUT4 pin of the integrated chip U2 is connected with the integrated chip U4, and the OUT3 pin of the integrated chip U2 is connected with a resistor R14; the resistor R14 is connected with the triode Q1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R4 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube M2 which are connected in parallel are connected between the triode Q1 and a power supply port, and a resistor R6 and a rectifier diode D4 which are connected in parallel are connected between the resistor R4 and the MOS tube M2; a capacitor C5, a rectifier diode D5 and a rectifier diode D6 which are connected in parallel are connected between the power supply port and the ground, and the capacitor C5, the rectifier diode D5 and the rectifier diode D6 which are connected in parallel are connected with a resistor R16.
In the secondary battery protection circuit, a resistor R21 and a capacitor C6 which are connected in series are connected between an ICEXT pin of the integrated chip U3 and a 5V power supply, and an IREXT pin of the integrated chip U3 is connected between the resistor R21 and the capacitor C6; a resistor R22 and a capacitor C7 which are connected in series are connected between an ICEXT pin of the integrated chip U4 and a 5V power supply, and an IREXT pin of the integrated chip U4 is connected between the resistor R22 and the capacitor C7.
Has the advantages that:
the invention separates the charging and discharging paths, and carries out independent design and safety protection respectively, thereby ensuring that the charging and discharging paths meet the requirement of intrinsic safety and enhancing the safety and reliability of the whole circuit. When the battery leaves the power supply body, the circuit can be quickly and actively cut off, and the intrinsic safety terminal is prevented from discharging in the moving process of the battery. The circuit is simple to realize, high in reliability and wide in application range, and can meet the intrinsic safety requirements of the electronic equipment battery in an explosive environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an intrinsically safe explosion-proof circuit of a lithium battery case according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a primary battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a battery power down circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an isolation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a secondary battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art, are within the scope of the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of the lithium battery box is provided.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of the lithium battery box comprises: the primary battery protection circuit is connected with the battery pack and is used for performing overcurrent protection, voltage overvoltage and undervoltage protection and temperature protection on the charging and discharging of the battery in the battery pack; the battery power-off circuit is connected with the primary battery protection circuit and used for realizing the power-off of a battery switch; the isolation circuit is connected with the battery power-off circuit and is used for isolating the battery into a power supply with a preset voltage; and the secondary battery protection circuit is connected with the isolation circuit and used for protecting the voltage output by the isolation circuit and realizing the safe output of the voltage.
In practical application, as shown in fig. 1, the battery pack is first connected to a primary battery protection circuit to perform overcurrent protection on battery charging and discharging, the single battery is subjected to overvoltage and undervoltage protection, temperature protection and battery damage prevention, the primary battery protection circuit is connected to a battery power-off circuit to realize a battery switch power-off function, the battery power-off circuit is connected to a 4-circuit isolation circuit to realize that the battery is divided into 4 isolated 12V power supplies, and the 4 isolated 12V power supplies form 4 isolated intrinsically safe output circuits through a secondary protection circuit respectively, so that the battery box realizes the 4 intrinsically safe output circuits.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a primary battery protection circuit, as can be seen from fig. 2, three battery cells of the battery pack are connected via a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R5 and VC3, VC2 and VC1 of the ic U1, the voltage of the battery cells is detected, the pin can detect the over-voltage and under-voltage states of the battery cells, the pin VC3 can detect the total voltage of the battery pack at the same time, the resistor R7, the resistor R8, the resistor R13 and the pins 9, 10 and 11 of the ic U1 form a temperature acquisition circuit, the pin 6 of the ic U1 and the pin C6 of the capacitor C6 delay the under-voltage protection of the battery, and the pin 7 of the ic U1 and the pin C7 of the capacitor C7 delay the over-voltage protection of the battery.
When the single battery voltage is excessive pressure and under-voltage, battery charge-discharge current exceeds 10A and the battery temperature is transfinited, 4 feet of integrated chip U1, 1 foot is turned off and is constituteed MOS pipe Q1, Q2 back-to-back state, prevent that the single battery from overcharging or overdischarging, cause the damage of group battery, 6 feet and electric capacity C6 of integrated chip U1 delay the undervoltage protection of battery, 7 feet and electric capacity C7 of integrated chip U1 delay the overvoltage protection of battery, current sampling resistance R14 gathers charge-discharge current, constitute current acquisition circuit through resistance R9 and 5 feet and 8 feet of integrated chip U1.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a battery power-off circuit, and it can be known from fig. 3 that the positive electrode of the battery is connected with CELL1+ of the battery power-off protection board, the MOS transistor Q1 is connected in parallel with the MOS transistor Q2 to reduce the heating of the MOS transistor, and the rectifier diode D1 and the rectifier diode D2 prevent the charge from flowing backwards to the MOS transistors Q1 and Q2; MOS pipe Q3, Q4 control MOS pipe Q1, Q2 switch on, when switch K1, K2 short circuit, and CELL1+ and CELL-be connected the back with the battery, MOS pipe Q1 switches on with MOS pipe Q2, when switch K1, K2 disconnection, MOS pipe Q1 and MOS pipe Q2 cut off. The traditional power-off protection is to realize circuit disconnection through a relay and a hard switch, and when the switch in the mining equipment is electrified, sparks are easily generated, so that the intrinsic safety design requirement is not easily exceeded.
Fig. 4 shows a DC-to-DC isolation circuit, which includes a trimming filter circuit formed by D1 and EC1, a power chip start-up power supply circuit formed by diodes D2, R21, and C2, an input under-voltage protection circuit formed by R11, R12, U2, R8, and R9, a slow start capacitor C3, a power supply circuit formed by R13, D4, EC2, and a transformer feedback coil after the power chip is started up, a primary clamping circuit formed by R1, R2, R3, C1, and D3, a secondary clamping circuit formed by R17, R18, and C6, a secondary rectifying filter circuit formed by D6, D7, and EC3, a voltage comparison circuit formed by R20, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, C9, C7, C8, D8, ZD1, and U4, an output control circuit formed by R4, R5, R6, R7, D5, Q1, and C5, a current limiting circuit formed by R14, R15, R16, and C4, and a feedback voltage limiting circuit formed by U3 and C10.
The working principle of the isolation circuit is as follows: the input voltage enters a VIN end and passes through an F1 protection tube, an electric power chip U1 is activated through a power supply circuit to start, the power chip starts to monitor whether an undervoltage protection circuit reaches a set starting voltage or not, the chip starts to work, an output control circuit is pushed to control a transformer to start to work, the output end of the transformer adjusts the value of the output voltage through a filter circuit, a clamping circuit and a voltage comparison circuit, the output voltage exceeds the output voltage, a voltage feedback circuit turns off the output control circuit through a sensor U1 and the U1, R16 is a current-limiting resistor, and when the current flowing through the circuit is larger than the set value, the U1 turns off the output control circuit.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a secondary battery protection circuit; as can be seen from fig. 5, R19 and U5 form a primary protection circuit reference voltage, R20 and U6 form a secondary protection circuit reference voltage, R1, R7, R8, and C3 form a primary protection circuit input voltage acquisition circuit, R3, R9, R10, and C4 form a secondary protection circuit input voltage acquisition circuit, C1, R2, R5, D3, M1, Q1, R11, and R13 form a primary protection circuit shutdown circuit, C2, R4, R6, D4, M2, Q2, R12, and R14 form a secondary protection circuit shutdown circuit, R21, C6, and U3 form a primary protection circuit delay circuit, R22, C7, and U4 form a secondary protection circuit delay circuit, R23, R27, and R25 form a primary protection circuit current comparison circuit, R24, R28, and R26 form a secondary protection circuit current comparison circuit, RV1 is a primary protection circuit sampling current sampling resistor, R2 is a primary protection circuit sampling current sampling resistor, and when the sampling circuit is turned off, the sampling circuit sampling voltage is lower than the primary protection circuit sampling voltage, and when the sampling circuit is turned off, the sampling circuit is still lower than the sampling voltage, the sampling circuit sampling voltage is still lower than the sampling voltage, and the sampling circuit is turned off. C0, D1 and D2 form a first-stage protection circuit filter circuit and a follow current circuit, and C5, D5 and D6 form a second-stage protection circuit filter circuit and a follow current circuit. Firstly, the battery pack is protected to normally work through the primary battery protection circuit shown in fig. 1, so that the battery pack can be charged and discharged under normal parameters, the battery power-off protection circuit is characterized in that when a battery is taken out of a power supply body, an output interface is immediately turned off, 4 output intrinsic safety circuits are isolated through a transformer by the 4 isolating circuits, the 4 output circuits are separated through the transformer, and the current and the voltage of the 4 output circuits are limited by the 2-stage protection circuit.
In summary, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the charging path and the discharging path are separated, and independent design and safety protection are respectively performed, so that the requirement of intrinsic safety is met, and the safety and reliability of the whole circuit are enhanced. When the battery leaves the power supply body, the circuit can be quickly and actively cut off, and the intrinsic safety terminal is prevented from discharging in the moving process of the battery. The circuit is simple to realize, high in reliability and wide in application range, and can meet the intrinsic safety requirements of the electronic equipment battery in an explosive environment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a lithium battery box this ampere of explosion-proof circuit, its characterized in that, lithium battery box have a plurality of group batteries, and every group battery comprises a plurality of economize on electricity batteries, lithium battery box present case explosion-proof circuit includes:
the primary battery protection circuit is connected with the battery pack and is used for performing overcurrent protection, voltage overvoltage and undervoltage protection and temperature protection on the charging and discharging of the battery in the battery pack;
the battery power-off circuit is connected with the primary battery protection circuit and used for realizing the power-off of a battery switch;
the isolation circuit is connected with the battery power-off circuit and is used for isolating the battery into a power supply with a preset voltage;
the secondary battery protection circuit is connected with the isolation circuit and used for protecting the voltage output by the isolation circuit and realizing the safe output of the voltage;
the primary battery protection circuit comprises an integrated chip U1 of the primary battery protection circuit, resistors R1-R14, a rectifier diode D1, capacitors C1-C7 and MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes Q1-Q2; in the primary battery protection circuit, pins VC1-VC3 of an integrated chip U1 are respectively connected with a battery BT1, a battery BT2 and a battery BT3 through a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R5, and a resistor R1 and a rectifier diode D1 which are connected in series are connected between a VCC pin of the integrated chip U1 and the anode of the battery pack; a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4 are respectively connected between the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R5 and the cathode of the battery pack; the TEST pin of the integrated chip U1 is grounded; a resistor R8 and a resistor R13 which are connected in series are connected between a VTC pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack; a VTD pin and a TS pin of the integrated chip U1 are both connected with a resistor R13, and a resistor R7 is connected between the VTD pin of the integrated chip U1 and the resistor R13; a resistor R6 and an MOS tube Q1 which are connected in series are connected between an NCDRV pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and a resistor R10 is connected between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1; a resistor R11 is connected between the VM pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack; a resistor R4 and an MOS tube Q2 which are connected in series are connected between the NDDRV pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and a resistor R12 is connected between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2; a resistor R9, a resistor R14 and a capacitor C5 are connected between a CS pin of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the resistor R9 is connected with the capacitor C5 in parallel; a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7 are connected between the two CUVT pins of the integrated chip U1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack respectively; and the VSS pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery pack.
2. The intrinsically safe explosion-proof circuit of claim 1, wherein the lithium battery box has 1 battery pack consisting of 3 batteries, and the battery capacity of the lithium battery box is less than or equal to 100Wh.
3. The lithium battery box intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of claim 2, wherein the isolation circuit is a 4-way isolation circuit, and the 4-way isolation circuit divides the battery into 4 isolated 12V power supplies.
4. The lithium battery box intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit according to claim 3, wherein the battery power-off circuit comprises MOS transistors Q1-Q4, rectifier diodes D1-D4, resistors R1-R7 and switches K1-K2;
in the battery power-off circuit, two groups of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube groups are connected between the anode of the battery pack and the cathode of the battery pack, wherein one group of MOS tube group consists of an MOS tube Q1 and an MOS tube Q3 which are connected in series, and the other group of MOS tube group consists of an MOS tube Q2 and an MOS tube Q4 which are connected in series; a resistor R4 and a resistor R5 are respectively connected between the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q3 and between the MOS tube Q2 and the MOS tube Q4; a resistor R2 and a first voltage stabilizing diode which are connected in series are connected between the source electrodes of the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q3; a resistor R3 and a voltage stabilizing diode II which are connected in series are connected between the source electrodes of the MOS tube Q2 and the MOS tube Q3; rectifier diodes D1-D4 are connected between the source electrodes of the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q2 and the anode of the battery pack, wherein the rectifier diode D1 is connected with the rectifier diode D2 in parallel, and the rectifier diode D3 is connected with the rectifier diode D4 in parallel; be connected with resistance R7 and zener diode three between the negative pole of MOS pipe Q3 and MOS pipe Q4's grid and group battery, zener diode three is last to be connected with switch K1, the group battery positive pole with be connected with resistance R1 and the resistance R6 of establishing ties between the group battery negative pole, resistance R1 with be connected with switch K2 between the resistance R6.
5. The intrinsically safe explosion-proof circuit of claim 3, wherein the isolation circuit is 4 isolation circuits, and each isolation circuit is a flyback switching power supply circuit consisting of a transformer, a power chip and optocoupler feedback.
6. The lithium battery box intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit according to claim 3, wherein the secondary battery protection circuit comprises an integrated chip U1, an integrated chip U2, an integrated chip U3, an integrated chip U4, triodes Q1-Q2, MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes M1-M2, rectifier diodes D1-D6, capacitors C0-C7, tunnel diodes U5-U6 and resistors R1-R28;
in the secondary battery protection circuit, an OUT1 pin and an OUT2 pin of an integrated chip U1 are both connected with a 5V power supply through a resistor R17; a VCC pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a 5V power supply; a 1-pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R15, and the resistor R15 is grounded; a 1+ pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R27, and the resistor R27 is grounded; a resistor R7, a resistor R8 and a capacitor C3 which are connected in parallel are connected between the 2-pin of the integrated chip U1 and the ground; a resistor R1 is connected between the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the capacitor C3 which are connected in parallel and the power supply port; a 2+ pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R19 and a tunnel diode U5 which are connected between a 5V power supply and the ground in series; a 3-pin and a 4+ pin of the integrated chip U1 are connected, and a resistor R23 and a resistor R25 which are connected in series are connected between the 3-pin and the 4+ pin of the integrated chip U1 and the resistor R27; a pin 3+ of the integrated chip U1 is connected with the resistor R17, and a pin 4-of the integrated chip U1 is connected with the integrated chip U3; a GND pin of the integrated chip U1 is grounded; the OUT4 pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with the integrated chip U3, and the OUT3 pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R13; the resistor R13 is connected with the triode Q1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R2 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube M1 which are connected in parallel are connected between the triode Q1 and a power supply port, and a resistor R5 and a rectifier diode D3 which are connected in parallel are connected between the resistor R2 and the MOS tube M1; a capacitor C0, a rectifier diode D1 and a rectifier diode D2 which are connected in parallel are connected between the power supply port and the ground, and the capacitor C0, the rectifier diode D1 and the rectifier diode D2 which are connected in parallel are connected with a resistor R15;
the OUT1 pin and the OUT2 pin of the integrated chip U2 are both connected with a 5V power supply through a resistor R18; a VCC pin of the integrated chip U2 is connected with a 5V power supply; a 1-pin of the integrated chip U1 is connected with a resistor R16, and the resistor R16 is grounded; a 1+ pin of the integrated chip U2 is connected with a resistor R28, and the resistor R28 is grounded; a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C4 which are connected in parallel are connected between a pin 2 of the integrated chip U2 and the ground; a resistor R3 is connected between the resistor R9, the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 which are connected in parallel and the power port; a 2+ pin of the integrated chip U2 is connected with a resistor R20 and a tunnel diode U6 which are connected between a 5V power supply and the ground in series; a 3-pin and a 4+ pin of the integrated chip U2 are connected, and a resistor R24 and a resistor R26 which are connected in series are connected between the 3-pin and the 4+ pin of the integrated chip U2 and a resistor R28; a pin 3+ of the integrated chip U2 is connected with the resistor R18, and a pin 4-of the integrated chip U2 is connected with the integrated chip U4; the GND pin of the integrated chip U2 is grounded; the OUT4 pin of the integrated chip U2 is connected with the integrated chip U4, and the OUT3 pin of the integrated chip U2 is connected with a resistor R14; the resistor R14 is connected with the triode Q1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R4 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube M2 which are connected in parallel are connected between the triode Q1 and a power port, and a resistor R6 and a rectifier diode D4 which are connected in parallel are connected between the resistor R4 and the MOS tube M2; a capacitor C5, a rectifier diode D5 and a rectifier diode D6 which are connected in parallel are connected between the power supply port and the ground, and the capacitor C5, the rectifier diode D5 and the rectifier diode D6 which are connected in parallel are connected with a resistor R16.
7. The lithium battery box intrinsic safety explosion-proof circuit of claim 6, wherein in the secondary battery protection circuit, a resistor R21 and a capacitor C6 which are connected in series are connected between an ICEXT pin of the integrated chip U3 and a 5V power supply, and an IREXT pin of the integrated chip U3 is connected between the resistor R21 and the capacitor C6; a resistor R22 and a capacitor C7 which are connected in series are connected between an ICEXT pin of the integrated chip U4 and a 5V power supply, and an IREXT pin of the integrated chip U4 is connected between the resistor R22 and the capacitor C7.
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