CN115084686B - AGV battery system and thermal management strategy under low temperature environment - Google Patents

AGV battery system and thermal management strategy under low temperature environment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115084686B
CN115084686B CN202210492587.7A CN202210492587A CN115084686B CN 115084686 B CN115084686 B CN 115084686B CN 202210492587 A CN202210492587 A CN 202210492587A CN 115084686 B CN115084686 B CN 115084686B
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battery
battery module
agv
lifting
cavity
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CN115084686A (en
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马艳
兰鑫
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Wuhan Technical College of Communications
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Wuhan Technical College of Communications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an AGV battery system and a thermal management strategy under a low-temperature environment, wherein the AGV battery management system comprises an AGV trolley, a battery module shell is fixedly connected to the right arc surface of the AGV trolley through a connecting bracket, a battery cavity with an upward opening and used for accommodating a battery module is arranged in the battery module shell, a cover plate used for sealing the opening is arranged at the upper end opening of the battery cavity, a clamping assembly capable of fixing the position of the battery module is arranged in the battery cavity, and a power exchange station assembly which corresponds to the battery module and can be used for replacing the battery module is arranged outside the battery module shell.

Description

AGV battery system and thermal management strategy under low temperature environment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of AGV battery systems, in particular to an AGV battery system in a low-temperature environment and a thermal management strategy.
Background
In recent years, with the proposal of the concept of "industry 4.0", the need of the manufacturing industry for an AGV (AutomatedGuidedVehicle, automatic guided vehicles) has greatly increased, and the AGV is widely applied to various automated production and storage systems, and becomes one of key devices of intelligent factories and intelligent logistics storage systems.
In the cold chain field, traditional freezer all leaves artificial operation, nevertheless no matter freezer carrier or freezer manager, and the operation degree of difficulty is big and have certain damage to the health for a long time under the low temperature, therefore freezer staff's loss rate is high, recruits the worker difficultly. Automatic equipment such as a cold storage AGV replaces workers in the cold storage, so that the efficiency can be improved, the labor cost is reduced, and the health of the workers is guaranteed.
In the existing AGV product, as a battery system generally adopts a lithium battery, the general working temperature is-10 ℃ to 50 ℃, and under the lower temperature working condition, the capacity, the discharging capacity and the service life of the AGV product are greatly reduced, the AGV product is difficult to fill the application scene in the cold chain field, and the AGV has slower development in the field. In the cold chain storage and transportation field, synthesize factors such as energy density, discharge multiplying power, cycle life, the comparatively matched scheme of AGV battery system still is lithium cell system, because the restriction of battery technology at present is generally increased heating device and satisfies discharge capacity and multiplying power requirement, but this kind of mode is from consuming electricity seriously, and the battery is heated unevenly, and the life-span is shorter, and induces the safety problem easily.
In addition, when the electricity consumption is finished, the charging period of the AGV system is less than several hours, more than ten hours, and the charging period is longer, so that the service efficiency of the AGV system is affected.
If the problems can be solved, the AGV of the refrigeration house can be applied in a large scale, and in other low-temperature operation environments, the AGV can also release the labor, so that the refrigeration house has a wide popularization and application value in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the AGV battery system and the thermal management strategy under the low-temperature environment are designed, the AGV battery management system comprises an AGV trolley, a battery module shell is fixedly connected to the right arc surface of the AGV trolley through a connecting bracket, a battery cavity with an upward opening and used for accommodating a battery module is arranged in the battery module shell, a cover plate used for sealing the opening is arranged at the upper end opening of the battery cavity, a clamping assembly capable of fixing the position of the battery module is arranged in the battery cavity, and a battery replacement station assembly which corresponds to the battery module and can replace the battery module is arranged outside the battery cavity and the battery module shell;
The provided battery module consists of a plurality of single battery cells, a connecting busbar, a shell, a built-in battery management system (BMS for short), a heat insulation device, a heating device, a safety relief valve and the like.
The battery module consists of a plurality of single battery cells which are arranged at intervals, and is clamped and fixed up and down through an upper frame and a lower frame, wherein a connecting busbar is arranged in the upper frame;
The upper frame and the lower frame are tensioned and fixed by a front fixing plate and a rear fixing plate;
The outside of the battery module is protected by a metal shell, and a discharge valve is arranged on the panel;
the shell is isolated from the single battery cell by a heat insulation device or other heat insulation materials made of aerogel sheets;
the side surface of the single battery cell is heated and insulated by a heating device in the form of a PTC heating film;
The single cell tabs are connected in series and parallel in a laser welding mode by adopting a connecting busbar;
The upper test of the connecting busbar is protected by an insulating plate to prevent short circuit;
the BMS in the battery system is used for monitoring the battery state, managing the charge and discharge process, ensuring the safety and reliability of equipment, realizing remote management and the like; the battery charging device has the functions of automatically floating charge, uniformly charging and converting the battery at regular intervals.
Be provided with the battery charging outfit of certain proportion in the freezer, can carry out automatic charging to AGV, be provided with monitored control system at the outer control room of freezer, adjustable working mode and suggestion abnormal conditions. When the AGV is in idle state, the AGV battery system charges and keeps warm through the charging equipment in turn. And (3) preserving the temperature of the battery at an optimal temperature use interval of 10-25 ℃ according to the type of the refrigeration house and the use working condition. When AGVs are in operating mode, battery system can reasonably arrange work and charge according to the electric quantity condition of each AGV, in the course of the work, does benefit to the electric quantity and the discharge of battery system itself and generates heat, can keep warm battery system, because battery system heat dissipation is less, the required electric quantity of heat preservation can not influence the normal work of AGVs. When thermal runaway appears in the monomer electric core, monomer electric core top exhaust bleeder is discharged through the bleeder valve fast, and thermal insulation heat preservation device between the monomer electric core can effectively isolate heat and bleeder, prevents the thermal runaway of whole battery system that causes because of chain reaction.
Through the design of the product scheme and the corresponding management strategy, the battery system can work normally in a low-temperature environment and keep the single battery cells in the battery system in an optimal working temperature range.
It may be preferable that: the battery replacement station assembly comprises lifting driving grooves which are arranged in the inner walls of the front side and the rear side of the battery cavity in a front-back symmetrical mode and are communicated with each other, lifting pushing blocks are slidably arranged in the lifting driving grooves, the lifting pushing blocks are driven to lift through hydraulic pushing devices arranged in the lifting driving grooves, movable lifting plates which can move in the battery cavity are fixedly connected between one side end faces, close to the lower end, of the lifting pushing blocks, and the battery module can be pushed to lift out of the battery cavity to be replaced through the lifting of the movable lifting plates;
The battery replacement station assembly further comprises a battery replacement station arranged outside the battery module shell, an outward opening battery replacement chamber which can be convenient for the battery module shell to enter is arranged in the battery replacement station, navigation is carried out between the battery replacement chamber and the AGV trolley through an automatic navigation system, a switching cavity is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the battery replacement chamber, battery module storage ports which are uniformly arranged in the inner wall of the right side of the battery replacement chamber and are provided with upper ends communicated with the switching cavity are formed in the inner wall of the right side of the battery replacement chamber, and the battery module to be replaced is stored in the battery module storage ports;
The battery module storage opening is internally provided with a front end and a rear end which respectively extend into the switching sliding grooves and are in threaded connection with a lead screw arranged in the switching sliding grooves, the upper end of the lifting support block is fixedly provided with a fixed position lifting plate through a connecting frame, the lower end of the lead screw is driven by a motor, and the fixed position lifting plate can be driven by the motor to lift the battery module arranged in the battery module storage opening after the battery is charged or when the battery is replaced, so that the battery is prevented from being damaged due to long-time charging state;
the battery module is characterized in that a chute is arranged in the inner wall of the right side of the switching cavity and communicated with each other, a switching chute is respectively arranged in the inner walls of the upper side and the lower side of the chute and is internally provided with a switching slide block in a sliding manner, the switching slide block is arranged in the switching chute in a driving manner through a switching screw rod and a motor which are arranged in the switching chute, a carrying hydraulic component which can slide in the chute is fixedly connected between the end faces of one opposite side of the switching slide block, the left end of the carrying hydraulic component is in power connection with a clamping component which can clamp the battery module, and the battery module can be replaced through the carrying of the clamping component by the battery module storage opening and the battery module lifted in the battery cavity, so that the charging time is saved.
It may be preferable that: the clamping assembly is a vacuum adsorption device and can adsorb and transport the battery module.
It may be preferable that: in order to reduce friction between the battery module and the movable lifting plate when the battery module is replaced, rollers are rotatably arranged in the upper end face of the movable lifting plate.
It may be preferable that: the clamping device comprises a transmission cavity which is communicated with the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the lifting driving groove, a transmission gear which can be in meshed connection with the upper half part of the side surface of the lifting pushing block is arranged in the transmission cavity, one side of the transmission gear, which is far away from the lifting pushing block, is in meshed connection with a driven gear, the front end of the driven gear is provided with a coaxial belt pulley, the upper side and the lower side of the belt pulley are symmetrically provided with driven belt pulleys, the belt pulley and the driven belt pulley are in transmission through a transmission belt, open grooves are symmetrically and communicated in the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the battery cavity, a transmission shaft with one end extending into the open grooves is coaxially connected to the driven belt pulley, a swing rod which can swing in the open grooves is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft, the belt pulley and the driven belt pulley are wound through the transmission belt to realize the descending of the lifting pushing block, and the swing rod are fixedly provided with side clamping blocks which can respectively clamp and fix the left side and the right side of the battery module;
A notch is formed in the lifting pushing block in a penetrating manner in the front and back manner, a front sliding groove and a rear sliding groove are formed in the inner wall of the lifting driving groove corresponding to the notch, a front clamping plate and a rear clamping plate which can clamp the front side end face and the rear side end face of the battery module are movably arranged in the notch, a swinging connecting rod A is rotatably connected between the upper side end face of the front clamping plate and the upper side inner wall of the lifting pushing block, a sliding block is slidably arranged in the front sliding groove and the rear sliding groove, a swinging connecting rod is connected between the sliding block and the lower end of the front clamping plate, the front clamping plate and the rear clamping plate are driven to descend through the descending of the lifting pushing block, and the front clamping plate and the rear clamping plate are pushed out to clamp the battery module when the lower end of the sliding block is abutted to the lower side inner wall of the front sliding groove and the rear sliding groove;
The battery module is characterized in that the battery module is arranged in the battery cavity and is provided with an upper clamping plate, the upper end of the upper clamping plate is fixedly connected with a sliding column, the upper end of the sliding column extends into a sleeve groove in the cover plate and is in sliding connection with the sleeve groove, a sleeve plate which is fixedly connected with the lifting pushing block is sleeved on the sliding column in a sliding manner, a connecting spring is fixedly arranged between the end face of the lower side of the sleeve plate and the end face of the upper side of the upper clamping plate, and the upper end of the battery module can be fixed through the upper clamping plate.
It may be preferable that: in order to reduce the direct collision during clamping, an elastic component is arranged between the sliding block and the inner walls of the lower sides of the front sliding groove and the rear sliding groove and between the driven belt wheel and the transmission shaft, and buffering is generated when the elastic component is convenient to contact.
It may be preferable that: the side clamping block is internally provided with a storage opening with an outward opening, and the swing rod can swing into the storage opening.
It may be preferable that: the heat preservation pad is fixedly arranged on the end face of the lower side of the upper clamping plate, and the heat preservation pad can play a role in heat preservation of the battery module.
It may be preferable that: be provided with the circular telegram spout in the inner wall of side about the battery chamber respectively, slidable is provided with the circular telegram slider in the circular telegram spout, the downside terminal surface of circular telegram slider with fixedly connected with pushing spring between the circular telegram spout downside inner wall, circular telegram slider downside terminal surface with be provided with circular telegram contact block A and circular telegram contact block B between the circular telegram spout downside inner wall respectively, the fixed circular telegram layer board that is located in the battery chamber that is provided with on one side terminal surface of circular telegram slider, through the circular telegram layer board can be in when removing the lifter plate descends to battery module lifts and makes when descending circular telegram contact block A with electric quantity in the battery module is transmitted to AGV dolly drives.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the AGV battery system, through a heat preservation design, a PTC temperature control design, a modularized design, a safety design and a charge and discharge management strategy, the AGV battery system capable of stably working for a long time in a low-temperature environment is provided. The battery system is replaced in a power exchange station mode, the occupation of the AGV trolley during charging can be greatly reduced, the use efficiency of the AGV trolley is increased, the cost is reduced, and the battery system can be protected on the premise that the clamping assembly is fixed to the battery and the battery scheme is replaced.
Drawings
For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following specific examples and figures.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an AGV battery system and thermal management strategy in a low temperature environment according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an AGV battery management system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of "B" in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure in the "C-C" direction in FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is an exploded view of the battery module;
FIG. 8 is a thermal design anatomic diagram of a cell;
Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of "D" in fig. 8.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and for convenience of description, the following orientations will be defined: the vertical, horizontal, front-rear directions described below are identical to the vertical, horizontal, front-rear directions of the projection relationship of fig. 1 itself.
The invention relates to an AGV battery system and a thermal management strategy in a low-temperature environment, which are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
The invention discloses an AGV battery system and a thermal management strategy in a low-temperature environment, as shown in the accompanying drawings 1-9, wherein the AGV battery management system comprises an AGV trolley 114, a battery module shell 115 is fixedly connected to the right arc surface of the AGV trolley 114 through a connecting bracket 126, a battery cavity 116 with an upward opening and used for placing a battery module is arranged in the battery module shell 115, a cover plate 151 used for closing the opening is arranged at the upper end opening of the battery cavity 116, a clamping assembly capable of fixing the position of the battery module is arranged in the battery cavity 116, a power exchange station assembly which corresponds to the battery module and can be used for replacing the battery module is arranged outside the battery cavity 116 and the battery module shell 115, and an electrified charging contact head of the battery module is arranged on the lower side surface;
The provided battery module is composed of a plurality of single battery cells 107, a connecting busbar 109, a shell 101, a built-in battery management system 105 (hereinafter referred to as BMS), a heat insulation device 115, a heating device 114, a safety relief valve 104 and the like.
The battery module consists of a plurality of single cells 107 which are arranged at intervals and are clamped and fixed up and down through an upper frame 108 and a lower frame 102, wherein a connecting busbar 109 is arranged in the upper frame 108;
The upper frame 108 and the lower frame 102 are fastened and fixed by a front fixing plate 106 and a rear fixing plate 113;
the outside of the battery module is protected by a shell 101 made of metal, and a discharge valve 104 is arranged on a panel 103;
The shell 101 and the single cell 107 are isolated by a heat insulation device 115 or other heat insulation materials made of aerogel sheets;
The side surface of the single cell 107 is heated and insulated by a heating device 114 in the form of a PTC heating film;
the electrode lugs of the single battery cells 107 are connected in series and parallel in a laser welding mode by adopting a connecting busbar 109;
The connection busbar 109 is tested by adopting an insulating plate 110 to protect against short circuit;
The BMS105 in the battery system is used for monitoring the battery state, managing the charge and discharge process, ensuring the safety and reliability of equipment, realizing remote management and the like; the battery charging device has the functions of automatically floating charge, uniformly charging and converting the battery at regular intervals.
Be provided with the battery charging outfit of certain proportion in the freezer, can carry out automatic charging to AGV, be provided with monitored control system at the outer control room of freezer, adjustable working mode and suggestion abnormal conditions. When the AGV is in idle state, the AGV battery system charges and keeps warm through the charging equipment in turn. And (3) preserving the temperature of the battery at an optimal temperature use interval of 10-25 ℃ according to the type of the refrigeration house and the use working condition. When AGVs are in operating mode, battery system can reasonably arrange work and charge according to the electric quantity condition of each AGV, in the course of the work, does benefit to the electric quantity and the discharge of battery system itself and generates heat, can keep warm battery system, because battery system heat dissipation is less, the required electric quantity of heat preservation can not influence the normal work of AGVs. When thermal runaway occurs in the single battery cells 107, the discharged matters at the top of the single battery cells are rapidly discharged through the discharge valve 104, and the heat insulation device 115 between the single battery cells can effectively insulate heat and the discharged matters, so that the thermal runaway of the whole battery system caused by chain reaction is prevented.
Through the design of the product scheme and the corresponding management strategy, the battery system can work normally in a low-temperature environment and keep the single battery cells in the battery system in an optimal working temperature range.
The power exchange station assembly as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the power exchange station assembly comprises a lifting driving groove 119 which is symmetrical in front and back and is communicated with the inside wall of the front and back sides of the battery cavity 116, a lifting pushing block 117 is slidably arranged in the lifting driving groove 119, the lifting pushing block 117 is driven to lift by a hydraulic pushing device 118 arranged in the lifting driving groove 119, a movable lifting plate 121 which can move in the battery cavity 116 is fixedly connected between the end faces of one side, close to the lower end, of the lifting pushing block 117, which is symmetrical in front and back, and the battery module can be pushed to lift out of the battery cavity 116 by lifting of the movable lifting plate 121 so as to be replaced;
the battery replacement station assembly further comprises a battery replacement station 131 arranged outside the battery module housing 115, the battery replacement station 131 is internally provided with a battery replacement room 141 with an outward opening, the battery module housing 115 can conveniently enter the battery replacement room 141, navigation is performed between the battery replacement room 141 and the AGV 114 through an automatic navigation system, a switching cavity 132 is formed in the inner wall of the upper side of the battery replacement room 141, battery module storage openings 139 which are uniformly arranged in the inner wall of the right side of the battery replacement room 141 and are provided with upper ends communicated with the switching cavity 132 are formed in the inner wall of the right side of the battery replacement room, and the battery modules to be replaced are stored in the battery module storage openings 139;
Charging brackets 145 for supporting and charging the battery module are fixedly arranged on the left and right inner walls of the battery module storage opening 139 respectively, switching sliding grooves 142 are formed in the front and rear inner walls of the battery module storage opening 139 respectively, lifting support blocks 148 with front and rear ends extending into the switching sliding grooves 142 respectively and in threaded connection with a lead screw 143 arranged in the switching sliding grooves 142 are slidably arranged in the battery module storage opening 139, fixed position lifting plates 146 are fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the lifting support blocks 148 through connecting frames 147, the lower ends of the lead screws 143 are driven by motors, and the fixed position lifting plates 146 can be pushed to lift by the driving of the motors so as to support the battery module placed in the battery module storage opening 139 after the charging is finished or when the battery is replaced, so that the battery is prevented from being in a charged state for a long time to damage the service life of the battery;
The right side inner wall of switch chamber 132 is linked together and is provided with spout 136, be provided with in the upper and lower side inner wall of spout 136 respectively the intercommunication switch spout 133, slidable is provided with in the switch spout 133 switches slider 135, switch slider 135 through set up in switch lead screw 134 and the motor in the switch spout 133 drive back and forth movement, fixedly connected with can be in between the relative one side terminal surface of switch slider 135 the transport hydraulic assembly 137 of sliding in the spout 136, the left end power of transport hydraulic assembly 137 is connected with can be right the centre gripping subassembly 138 of centre gripping is carried out to the battery module, through the transport of centre gripping subassembly 138 can with battery module deposits mouthful 139 with the battery module that rises in the battery chamber 116 is changed, saves the charge time.
Advantageously, the clamping assembly 138 is a vacuum adsorption device, and can adsorb and transport the battery module.
Advantageously, in order to reduce friction between the battery module and the movable lifter plate 121 when the battery module is replaced, a roller 152 is rotatably disposed in an upper end surface of the movable lifter plate 121.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the clamping device for the electromagnetic module comprises a transmission cavity 169 which is communicated with each other and is arranged in the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the lifting driving groove 119, a transmission gear 171 which can be meshed with the upper half part of the side surface of the lifting pushing block 117 is arranged in the transmission cavity 169, one side of the transmission gear 171 far away from the lifting pushing block 117 is meshed with a driven gear 167, the front end of the driven gear 167 is coaxial with a belt pulley 168, the upper side and the lower side of the belt pulley 168 are symmetrically provided with a driven belt pulley 162A, the belt pulley 168 and the driven belt pulley 162A are driven through a transmission belt 166, an opening groove 161 is symmetrically and communicated in the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the battery cavity 116, a transmission shaft 162B with one end extending into the opening groove 161 is coaxially connected with the driven belt pulley 162A, a swing rod 164 which can swing in the opening groove 161 is arranged on a fixed way, the belt pulley 168 and the driven belt 162A swing rod 164 is wound by the transmission belt 166 is arranged between the belt pulley 168 and the driven belt 162A to realize the lowering of the lifting pushing block 117, and the swing rod 164 is fixed on the left side and the swing rod 165 is respectively;
A notch 172 is formed in the lifting pushing block 117 in a penetrating manner in the front and rear direction, a front and rear sliding groove 175 is formed in the inner wall of the lifting driving groove 119 corresponding to the notch 172, a front clamping plate 174 and a rear clamping plate 174 which can clamp the front and rear side end surfaces of the battery module are movably arranged in the notch 172, a swing connecting rod A173 is rotatably connected between the upper side end surface of the front clamping plate 174 and the upper inner wall of the lifting pushing block 117, a sliding block 186 is slidably arranged in the front and rear sliding groove 175, a swing connecting rod 185 is connected between the sliding block 186 and the lower end of the front clamping plate 174, the front clamping plate 174 is driven to descend by the descending of the lifting pushing block 117, and the front clamping plate 174 and the rear clamping plate 174 are pushed out to clamp the battery module when the lower end of the sliding block 186 is abutted to the lower inner wall of the front and rear sliding groove 175;
The battery module is characterized in that an upper clamping plate 157 is arranged in the battery cavity 116 and positioned on the upper side of the battery module, a sliding column 154 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper clamping plate 157, the upper end of the sliding column 154 extends into a sleeve groove 153 in the cover plate 151 and is in sliding connection with the sleeve groove 153, a sleeve plate 155 with the front end and the rear end fixedly connected with the lifting pushing block 117 is sleeved on the sliding column 154 in a sliding manner, and a connecting spring 156 is fixedly arranged between the lower side end surface of the sleeve plate 155 and the upper side end surface of the upper clamping plate 157, so that the upper end of the battery module can be fixed through the upper clamping plate 157.
Advantageously, to reduce the direct impact during clamping, an elastic assembly is provided between the sliding block 186 and the inner wall of the lower side of the front and rear sliding grooves 175, between the driven pulley 162A and the driving shaft 162B, and the elastic assembly is used to generate buffering when in contact.
Advantageously, the side clamping block 165 is provided with an outward opening receiving opening 163, and the swing rod 164 may swing into the receiving opening 163.
Advantageously, a thermal insulation pad 158 is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the lower side of the upper clamping plate 157, and the thermal insulation pad 158 can perform a thermal insulation function on the battery module.
The battery cavity 116 is internally provided with an electrifying chute 123 respectively at the left side inner wall and the right side inner wall, an electrifying slide block 122 is slidably arranged in the electrifying chute 123, a pushing spring 181 is fixedly connected between the lower side end surface of the electrifying slide block 122 and the lower side inner wall of the electrifying chute 123, an electrifying contact block A183 and an electrifying contact block B182 are respectively arranged between the lower side end surface of the electrifying slide block 122 and the lower side inner wall of the electrifying chute 123, an electrifying supporting plate 124 positioned in the battery cavity 116 is fixedly arranged at one side end surface of the electrifying slide block 122, and the battery module can be lifted when the movable lifting plate 121 descends through the electrifying supporting plate 124, so that the electric quantity in the battery module is transmitted to the AGV 114 to drive when the electrifying contact block A183 contacts with the electrifying contact block B182.
In the initial state, the battery module is located in the battery cavity 116 and lifted by the power-on supporting plate 124, at this time, the power-on contact block a183 and the power-on contact block B182 are in contact with each other, at this time, the current in the battery module is transmitted to the AGV trolley 114 through the power-on contact block a183 and the power-on contact block B182 to drive, at the same time, the side clamping blocks 165 clamp the left and right sides of the battery module, the front and rear clamping plates 174 clamp the front and rear sides of the battery module, the upper clamping plate 157 clamps the upper end of the battery module, and the battery module can be buffer-protected by the connecting spring 156 and the elastic component arranged between the sliding block 186 and the front and rear sliding grooves 175 and between the driven pulley 162A and the transmission shaft 162B during movement, at this time, the cover plate 151 seals the upper end opening of the battery cavity 116.
When the AGVs are in the working mode, the battery system can reasonably arrange work and charge according to the electric quantity conditions of each AGV, in the working process, the electric quantity of the battery system is facilitated, discharge and heat are generated, the battery can be insulated, the electric quantity required for heat insulation cannot influence the normal work of the AGVs because the heat dissipation of the battery pack is small, when the single battery core is out of control, the battery core is rapidly discharged through the discharge hole and the discharge channel, the aerogel among the battery cores can effectively isolate heat and discharge matters, and the thermal control of the whole battery pack caused by the chain reaction is prevented;
When the battery needs to be replaced, the battery module housing 115 moves into the battery replacing chamber 141 according to the route, at this time, the hydraulic pushing device 118 pushes the lifting pushing block 117 to lift, at this time, the lifting pushing block 117 drives the side clamping block 165 to swing upwards and separate from contact with the left and right sides of the battery module, meanwhile, the front clamping plate 174 and the rear clamping plate 174 are driven to retract into the notch 172 through the swing connecting rod A173, the sleeve plate 155 drives the upper clamping plate 157 to lift, after the battery module clamping device is separated from the fixing of the battery module, the lifting plate 121 lifts the battery module out of the upper end opening of the battery cavity 116 along with the cover plate 151, at this time, the carrying hydraulic assembly 137 pushes the clamping assembly 138 to remove the lifted battery module and convey the battery module into the empty battery module storage opening 139, the fully charged battery module is lifted into the switching cavity 132 through the conveying of the fixed position lifting plate 146, and the length of the AGV is shortened when the battery module is conveyed again to the lifting assembly 138, and the replacement of the battery module is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the AGV battery system, through a heat preservation design, a PTC temperature control design, a modularized design, a safety design and a charge and discharge management strategy, the AGV battery system capable of stably working for a long time in a low-temperature environment is provided. The battery system is replaced in a power exchange station mode, the occupation of the AGV trolley during charging can be greatly reduced, the use efficiency of the AGV trolley is increased, the cost is reduced, and the battery system can be protected on the premise that the clamping assembly is fixed to the battery and the battery scheme is replaced.
In the above manner, a person skilled in the art can make various changes depending on the operation mode within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The AGV battery system comprises an AGV trolley, wherein a battery module shell is fixedly connected to the right arc surface of the AGV trolley through a connecting bracket, a battery cavity with an upward opening and used for accommodating a battery module is arranged in the battery module shell, a cover plate used for sealing the opening is arranged at the opening of the upper end of the battery cavity, a clamping assembly capable of fixing the position of the battery module is arranged in the battery cavity, and a battery exchange station assembly which corresponds to the battery module and can be used for replacing the battery module is arranged outside the battery module shell;
The provided battery module consists of a plurality of single battery cells, a connecting busbar, a shell, a built-in battery management system, a heat insulation device, a heating device and a safety relief valve;
The battery module consists of a plurality of single battery cells which are arranged at intervals, and is clamped and fixed up and down through an upper frame and a lower frame, wherein a connecting busbar is arranged in the upper frame;
The upper frame and the lower frame are tensioned and fixed by a front fixing plate and a rear fixing plate;
The outside of the battery module is protected by a metal shell, and a discharge valve is arranged on the panel;
the heat insulation device is characterized in that a heat insulation device made of aerogel sheets is adopted between the shell and the single battery cell;
the side surface of the single battery cell is heated and insulated by a heating device in the form of a PTC heating film;
The single cell tabs are connected in series and parallel in a laser welding mode by adopting a connecting busbar;
The upper test of the connecting busbar is protected by an insulating plate to prevent short circuit;
The built-in battery management system in the battery system is used for monitoring the battery state, managing the charge and discharge process, ensuring the safety and reliability of equipment and realizing remote management; has the function of automatically floating charge and uniformly charging the battery at regular intervals,
A charging device with a certain proportion is arranged in the cold storage, the AGV can be automatically charged, a monitoring system is arranged in a control room outside the cold storage, the working mode can be adjusted, abnormal conditions can be prompted, and when the AGV is in an idle state, the AGV battery system is charged and insulated in turn through the charging equipment; according to the type of the refrigeration house and the use working condition, the battery is insulated at an optimal temperature use range of 10-25 ℃;
The battery replacement station assembly comprises lifting driving grooves which are arranged in the inner walls of the front side and the rear side of the battery cavity in a front-back symmetrical mode and are communicated with each other, lifting pushing blocks are slidably arranged in the lifting driving grooves, the lifting pushing blocks are driven to lift through hydraulic pushing devices arranged in the lifting driving grooves, movable lifting plates which can move in the battery cavity are fixedly connected between one side end faces, close to the lower end, of the lifting pushing blocks, and the battery module can be pushed to lift out of the battery cavity to be replaced through the lifting of the movable lifting plates;
The battery replacement station assembly further comprises a battery replacement station arranged outside the battery module shell, a battery replacement chamber with an outward opening and capable of facilitating the battery module shell to enter is arranged in the battery replacement station, navigation is performed between the battery replacement chamber and the AGV trolley through an automatic navigation system, a switching cavity is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the battery replacement chamber, battery module storage openings with upper ends communicated with the switching cavity are uniformly arranged in the inner wall of the right side of the battery replacement chamber, and the battery module to be replaced is stored in the battery module storage openings;
The battery module storage device comprises a battery module storage opening, wherein charging brackets used for supporting and charging the battery module are fixedly arranged on the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the battery module storage opening respectively, switching sliding grooves are formed in the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the battery module storage opening respectively, lifting support blocks, the front ends and the rear ends of which extend into the switching sliding grooves respectively and are in threaded connection with a lead screw arranged in the switching sliding grooves, fixed position lifting plates are fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the lifting support blocks through connecting frames, the lower ends of the lead screws are driven by motors, and the fixed position lifting plates can be driven by the motors to lift so as to support the battery module arranged in the battery module storage opening after the battery module storage opening is charged or when the battery is replaced;
The automatic battery pack is characterized in that a chute is arranged in the inner wall of the right side of the switching cavity in a communicated mode, switching chutes are respectively arranged in the inner walls of the upper side and the lower side of the chute in a communicated mode, a switching slide block is arranged in the switching chute in a sliding mode, the switching slide block is driven to move back and forth through a switching screw rod and a motor arranged in the switching chute, a carrying hydraulic assembly capable of sliding in the chute is fixedly connected between the end faces of one opposite side of the switching slide block, and a clamping assembly capable of clamping the battery pack is connected to the left end of the carrying hydraulic assembly in a power mode.
2. The AGV battery system in a low temperature environment of claim 1 wherein: the clamping assembly is a vacuum adsorption device and can adsorb and transport the battery module.
3. The AGV battery system in a low temperature environment of claim 1 wherein: in order to reduce friction between the battery module and the movable lifting plate when the battery module is replaced, rollers are rotatably arranged in the upper end face of the movable lifting plate.
4. The AGV battery system in a low temperature environment of claim 1 wherein: the clamping device comprises a transmission cavity which is communicated with the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the lifting driving groove, a transmission gear which can be in meshed connection with the upper half part of the side surface of the lifting pushing block is arranged in the transmission cavity, one side of the transmission gear, which is far away from the lifting pushing block, is in meshed connection with a driven gear, the front end of the driven gear is provided with a coaxial belt pulley, the upper side and the lower side of the belt pulley are symmetrically provided with driven belt pulleys, the belt pulley and the driven belt pulley are in transmission through a transmission belt, open grooves are symmetrically and communicated in the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the battery cavity, a transmission shaft with one end extending into the open grooves is coaxially connected to the driven belt pulley, a swing rod which can swing in the open grooves is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft, the belt pulley and the driven belt pulley are wound through the transmission belt to realize the descending of the lifting pushing block, and the swing rod are fixedly provided with side clamping blocks which can respectively clamp and fix the left side and the right side of the battery module;
A notch is formed in the lifting pushing block in a penetrating manner in the front and back manner, a front sliding groove and a rear sliding groove are formed in the inner wall of the lifting driving groove corresponding to the notch, a front clamping plate and a rear clamping plate which can clamp the front side end face and the rear side end face of the battery module are movably arranged in the notch, a swinging connecting rod A is rotatably connected between the upper side end face of the front clamping plate and the upper side inner wall of the lifting pushing block, a sliding block is slidably arranged in the front sliding groove and the rear sliding groove, and a swinging connecting rod is connected between the sliding block and the lower end of the front clamping plate and the rear clamping plate;
The battery module is characterized in that the battery module is arranged in the battery cavity and is provided with an upper clamping plate, the upper end of the upper clamping plate is fixedly connected with a sliding column, the upper end of the sliding column extends into a sleeve groove in the cover plate and is in sliding connection with the sleeve groove, a sleeve plate which is fixedly connected with the lifting pushing block is sleeved on the sliding column in a sliding manner, a connecting spring is fixedly arranged between the end face of the lower side of the sleeve plate and the end face of the upper side of the upper clamping plate, and the upper end of the battery module can be fixed through the upper clamping plate.
5. The AGV battery system in a low temperature environment of claim 4, wherein: in order to reduce the direct collision during clamping, an elastic component is arranged between the sliding block and the inner walls of the lower sides of the front sliding groove and the rear sliding groove and between the driven belt wheel and the transmission shaft, and buffering is generated when the elastic component is convenient to contact.
6. The AGV battery system in a low temperature environment of claim 5, wherein: the side clamping block is internally provided with a storage opening with an outward opening, and the swing rod can swing into the storage opening.
7. The AGV battery system in a low temperature environment of claim 5, wherein: the heat preservation pad is fixedly arranged on the end face of the lower side of the upper clamping plate, and the heat preservation pad can play a role in heat preservation of the battery module.
8. The AGV battery system in a low temperature environment of claim 4, wherein: be provided with the circular telegram spout in the inner wall of side about the battery chamber respectively, slidable is provided with the circular telegram slider in the circular telegram spout, the downside terminal surface of circular telegram slider with fixedly connected with pushing spring between the circular telegram spout downside inner wall, circular telegram slider downside terminal surface with be provided with circular telegram contact block A and circular telegram contact block B between the circular telegram spout downside inner wall respectively, the fixed circular telegram layer board that is located in the battery chamber that is provided with on one side terminal surface of circular telegram slider, through the circular telegram layer board can be in when removing the lifter plate descends to battery module lifts and makes when descending circular telegram contact block A with electric quantity in the battery module is transmitted to AGV dolly drives.
CN202210492587.7A 2022-05-07 2022-05-07 AGV battery system and thermal management strategy under low temperature environment Active CN115084686B (en)

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