CN115077838A - High-load impact fatigue test device - Google Patents
High-load impact fatigue test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115077838A CN115077838A CN202210850892.9A CN202210850892A CN115077838A CN 115077838 A CN115077838 A CN 115077838A CN 202210850892 A CN202210850892 A CN 202210850892A CN 115077838 A CN115077838 A CN 115077838A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/34—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by mechanical means, e.g. hammer blows
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0039—Hammer or pendulum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
Abstract
The utility model provides a high load impact fatigue test device, includes the impact hammer and is used for driving the cam of impact hammer, and wherein the impact hammer configuration becomes long rod shape, and bottom central authorities are provided with the drift, and energy storage spring is connected on the top, and the cam setting is in the slot hole of impact hammer middle section, and the cam carries out the jacking through the pivot of cross-over connection in the slot hole to the impact hammer, realizes axial reciprocating motion to strike the loading to the part that awaits measuring. The invention can work durably under high load and is not easy to generate abrasion and load offset.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of structural component testing, and particularly relates to a high-load impact fatigue testing device.
Background
With the development of aviation technology, the research requirement on the impact fatigue performance of high-strength structural parts is increasing day by day. For example, when a carrier aircraft lands on an aircraft carrier, a arresting hook needs to be used for hooking an arresting cable on a deck to shorten the landing distance, and when the arresting hook is released, the arresting hook collides and bounces on the deck at a very high speed, so that the fatigue life of a structural component under the high-load impact condition needs to be tested and verified urgently. The arresting hook is generally made of ultra-high-strength materials with the strength exceeding 1500MPa, so that an impact fatigue testing device capable of providing high load is required to be used for testing.
However, in the existing impact fatigue testing device, such as the large-tonnage impact fatigue testing machine disclosed in patent CN102393286, a double-cam structure is adopted to drive the sliding block to reciprocate longitudinally in a sliding contact manner to provide an impact load, the sliding abrasion between the cam and the sliding block is serious under the high impact load, and the service life of the equipment cannot meet the testing requirement; furthermore, when the test device is used for a long time, the abrasion degree of the double-cam structure is uneven, so that the risk of deviating the impact load from the vertical direction exists, and the accuracy of the test result is influenced. Similarly, CN109142105A discloses a variable load impact test device, which also provides impact load by cam in sliding contact with driving lever structure, and also faces the problems of abrasion and load deflection. Therefore, the high-load impact fatigue testing device capable of keeping the impact load not to deviate after being in service for a long time is provided, and has high application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-load impact fatigue test device which can work for a long time under a high-load state without load deviation.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a high-load impact fatigue test apparatus including a hammer and a cam for driving the hammer, wherein: the punch hammer is configured to be in a long rod shape, a punch head used for applying impact load is arranged in the center of the bottom end of the punch hammer, the top end of the punch hammer is connected with an energy storage spring, a rotating shaft and a long hole extending along the rod body direction are arranged in the middle section of the punch hammer, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the long hole; the cam is arranged in the slot hole in a penetrating mode and located below the rotating shaft; the cam comprises a free section and a jacking section, the maximum radius of the free section is smaller than the minimum distance between the center of the cam and the surface of the rotating shaft, and the radius of the jacking section is not smaller than the minimum distance between the center of the cam and the surface of the rotating shaft; the first connecting position of the free section and the jacking section is set to be in smooth transition, and the second connecting position is set to be in a step structure; and when the cam rotates for one circle, the rotating shaft is pushed to drive the punch hammer to complete one-time jacking-falling axial motion.
Through setting up the cam in the middle part of impact hammer, the device can set up the high load spring at the impact hammer top, provides hundreds kN and above magnitude's impact load along the impact hammer axis direction accurately jointly through the elasticity of impact hammer dead weight and spring, satisfies high load impact fatigue test's demand. The cam drives the punch hammer to do up-and-down reciprocating motion through the rotating shaft, and in the process, the cam is positioned on the axis of the punch hammer, so that the vertical motion of the punch hammer can be ensured, and the deviation is avoided; meanwhile, as the cam and the rotating shaft form sliding friction, the abrasion of parts under high load is effectively reduced, the device can be stably in service for a long time, and the fatigue test of a longer period is realized.
Furthermore, the jacking section of the cam comprises an equal acceleration jacking section, an equal deceleration jacking section and a uniform speed section which are sequentially arranged. Through rationally setting up the cam profile, optimize the jacking process of impact hammer, can improve the stability of impact test system.
Furthermore, an energy storage adjusting device is arranged at the top end of the energy storage spring and can adjust the pre-tightening force of the energy storage spring, so that the impact force of the downward movement of the punch hammer is continuously adjusted. Impact load is adjusted through the mode of adjusting the spring pretightning force, structures such as balancing weights can be saved, and variable loading impact fatigue test can also be realized.
Further, the natural frequency of the stored energy spring is different from the rotational frequency of the cam. When the parameters of the energy storage spring are rotated, the natural frequency of the energy storage spring is different from the rotating frequency of the cam, so that the test device is prevented from being damaged due to resonance.
Further, the high-load impact fatigue test device also comprises a measuring system, wherein the measuring system comprises a load measuring system and an optical measuring system; the load measuring system comprises a force sensor arranged below the sample to be detected and used for measuring impact load; the optical measurement system comprises optical measurement devices which respectively point to the sample to be detected and the impact hammer and are used for recording the deformation and the impact speed of the sample after impact. The measuring system can automatically record test data, is convenient for analyzing test results, and can feed back the measured data to the control system for adjusting test parameters.
Further, the high-load impact fatigue test device also comprises an integral frame, wherein the integral frame comprises a rack and a base arranged below the rack, and the rack is made of a steel structure and is used for mounting the impact hammer and the cam and placing a sample to be tested; the base is made by steel construction and concrete, the bottom of frame and the connecting piece fixed connection who extends into in the base to with impact load dispersion to whole base. Since the impact load of the device can reach hundreds of kN, the equipment can be inclined due to the fact that the rack of the device is directly placed on the ground, and the ground is damaged; the whole frame can effectively disperse impact load and keep the equipment stable.
Further, the high-load impact fatigue test device further comprises a limiting device, a limiting structure matched with the limiting device is arranged on the impact hammer, and when the downward displacement of the impact hammer exceeds a limiting range, the limiting device is in contact with the limiting structure to prevent the impact hammer from moving downwards continuously. The limiting device can prevent the punch hammer from downwards punching out when the detection sample is broken, and the sample clamp or the rotating shaft and the camshaft are damaged.
Further, the high-load impact fatigue test device also comprises a secondary impact prevention mechanism and a secondary impact prevention mechanism, wherein the secondary impact prevention mechanism comprises a driving mechanism and a blocking mechanism, one end of the driving mechanism receives the rotation of a cam shaft of the cam, and the other end of the driving mechanism is connected with the blocking mechanism; the blocking mechanism can move under the action of the driving mechanism, moves to a blocking position after the impact hammer impacts the sample to be detected, prevents secondary impact from occurring on the sample to be detected, and moves out of the blocking position before the impact hammer begins to fall. The secondary impact prevention mechanism can prevent the impact hammer from bouncing and falling again after applying impact load to a sample to be detected to generate secondary impact to interfere with a test result.
Further, the blocking mechanism is configured as a slider, and the driving mechanism includes a secondary impact prevention cam mounted on the camshaft to transmit the movement of the camshaft to the link mechanism, and a link mechanism to pull the slider to the blocking position. The cam mechanism can convert rotation into axial reciprocating motion, so that the reciprocating motion of the blocking mechanism is conveniently driven; the blocking mechanism can be adjusted to enter the blocking position at the proper time only by reasonably setting the angle of the convex part of the secondary impact prevention cam.
Further, the link mechanism comprises a return spring for driving the link mechanism to pull the slider out of the blocking position. The reset spring can rebound the link mechanism in time, and impact of the blocking mechanism on the next period is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-load impact fatigue test apparatus in an embodiment;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of an exemplary clamping system;
FIG. 2b is a front view of the structure of the clamp in one embodiment;
FIG. 2c is a top view of an embodiment of a clamp;
FIG. 2d is a schematic diagram of the load measuring system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a deformation measurement system in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a ram;
FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of a cam system in one embodiment;
FIG. 5b is a schematic view of an embodiment of a cam;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage conditioning system in an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an anti-secondary impact mechanism in an embodiment.
The above-mentioned drawings are intended to illustrate the present invention in detail so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical idea of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For the sake of clarity, the drawings described above are only schematic representations of the structures relevant to the technical features of the invention, and do not show the complete structures and all the details strictly in practical scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment herein. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive. Those of skill in the art will appreciate that embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments without structural conflict.
In the description herein, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning movable or fixed connections or integral parts, and the specific meaning of the terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those skilled in the art according to their specific circumstances.
In the description herein, terms indicating orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", and the like are intended for accurately describing the embodiments and for simplifying the description, and do not limit the parts or structures involved to have a specific orientation, to be mounted or operated in a specific orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments herein.
In the description herein, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing between different objects and are not to be construed as indicating relative importance or defining the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the technical features described. In the description herein, "plurality" means at least two.
Taking the arresting hook required by the shipboard aircraft during landing on the deck of the aircraft carrier as an example, more and more ultrahigh-strength materials need to be subjected to high-load impact fatigue test. The existing impact fatigue test device is difficult to work continuously and stably under high load, and a transmission part of the existing impact fatigue test device is easy to wear quickly under high load, so that the problems of load deviation and the like are caused, and the high-strength fatigue performance test cannot be effectively supported. The embodiment of the invention provides a high-strength structure impact fatigue test device which can stably work for a long time under high load and provides effective support for testing of ultrahigh-strength structure components.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a high load impact fatigue test apparatus includes a base 9, a frame 7, and a ram 3 mounted on the frame and a cam system 4 for driving the ram 3. Wherein, a clamp system 1 for loading the part to be detected is arranged below the impact hammer 3, and the top end is connected with an energy storage spring in an energy storage adjusting system 6. The cam system 4 is driven by a motor 8 to drive the impact hammer 3 to reciprocate up and down, and impact load is applied to the part to be detected through the self weight of the impact hammer 3 and the load provided by the energy storage adjusting system.
The structure of the hammer 3 is shown in fig. 4, the whole hammer is configured as a long rod, a punch 3001 is arranged in the center of the bottom end of the hammer and used for applying impact load to a part to be detected, and in combination with fig. 6, the top end of the hammer 3 is connected with an energy storage spring 6001 of an energy storage adjusting system 6 through a boss 3007. A long hole 3006 extending in the shaft direction is provided in the middle section of the hammer punch 3, and the rotating shaft 3004 is disposed in the long hole 3006 so as to extend through the wall surface of the long hole 3006. A pair of mounting holes 3008 are further provided in the middle section of the hammer punch 3, and the mounting holes 3008 are configured as long holes, such as raceway holes or elliptical holes, provided through the wall surface of the long hole 3006 below the rotary shaft 3004 for mounting the cam system 4. In some embodiments, the punch 3001 is fixedly mounted to the shank of the hammer by a lock nut 3003, and a wave generator 3002 is provided at an upper portion of the punch 3001, the wave generator 3002 being made of an elastomer and being capable of being used to adjust the wave of the impact load. In some embodiments, a rolling bearing 3005 is disposed at the connection position of the rotating shaft 3004 and the shaft of the hammer punch 3 to improve the rolling performance of the rotating shaft 3004 and protect the rotating shaft 3004 and the hammer punch 3.
The structure of the cam system is as shown in fig. 5a, the camshaft 4001 penetrates the mounting hole 3008 of the hammer punch 3, the cam 4002 is connected with the camshaft 4001 through the spline 4003 and is arranged in the long hole 3006 in a penetrating way, the axis of the cam is parallel to the rotating shaft 3004, the axis of the hammer punch 3 penetrates through the middle plane of the thickness direction of the cam 4002, and the acting force of the cam 4002 on the hammer punch 3 is always along the axial direction and can not generate offset. The cam shaft 4001 is connected with the frame 7 through a needle bearing 4005, and the belt pulley 4004 is arranged at one end of the cam shaft 4001 and used for being connected with a driving belt of a motor 8 and providing power for rotation of the cam 4002. The structure of the cam 4002 is as shown in fig. 5b, and comprises a free section 40022 and a jacking section 40021, wherein the maximum radius of the free section 40022 is smaller than the minimum distance between the center of the cam 4002 and the surface of the rotating shaft 3004, and the radius of the jacking section is not smaller than the distance value; the free section 40022 is smoothly connected with the first connecting position 40023 of the jacking section 40021, the second connecting position 40024 is arranged in a step structure, and the radius of the jacking section 40021 gradually increases from the first connecting position 40023 to the second connecting position 40024. This allows the cam 4002 to rotate counterclockwise, the cam shaft 4001 abuts on the tip of the mounting hole 3008 when the free section 40022 faces the rotating shaft 3004, and the cam 4002 does not contact the rotating shaft 3004; after passing through the first connecting position 40023, the jacking section 40021 contacts with the rotating shaft 3004 to jack the punch hammer 3 upwards, the cam shaft 4001 moves downwards in the mounting hole 3008 relatively along the long axis direction, the cam 4002 is separated from the rotating shaft 3004 after passing through the second connecting position 40024, and the punch hammer 3 moves downwards to impact a part to be detected. The cam 4002 drives the punch hammer 3 to complete one-time jacking-falling axial movement every time the cam rotates for one circle. In some embodiments, the jacking segment 40021 of the cam 4002 is further divided into an equal acceleration jacking segment, an equal deceleration jacking segment and a uniform velocity segment by setting the change of the radius thereof, wherein the specific relationship between the cam corner θ and the radius R is as follows:
wherein, theta 0 Is the cam minimum radius profile corner; theta 1 Profile corners of equal acceleration and equal deceleration radii for the cam; r 0 Is the cam minimum radius profile; h is the cam pushing distance.
Through rationally setting up the cam structure, can make the jacking process of impact hammer 3 more stable, avoid taking place to strike and vibrate.
The cam 4002 and the impact hammer 3 are in rolling friction through the rotating shaft 3004, the friction effect between the cam 4002 and the impact hammer 3 is small, the testing device can still stably work for a long time even under high load and is not easy to wear, the acting force of the cam 4002 on the impact hammer 3 is always kept on the axis of the impact hammer 3 and cannot deviate, and the testing device has high reliability in a fatigue impact test of a high load and a long period.
The specific structure of the energy storage adjusting system 6 is shown in fig. 6, and comprises an energy storage spring 6001 connected with the top end of the hammer 3, and an inner spring 6002 is further provided in some embodiments, so as to apply larger impact load and facilitate adjustment of the natural frequency of the energy storage adjusting system. The energy storage spring 6001 and the inner spring 6002 have bottom ends abutting against a boss 3007 at the top of the hammer punch 3, and top ends connected to the upper platen 6004. The upper pressure plate 6004 can move up and down along the guide rail 6003 as an energy storage adjusting device, so that the pre-tightening force of the energy storage spring 6001 and the inner spring 6002 is adjusted, and the continuous adjustment of the downward impact load of the impact hammer 3 is realized. The progressive motor 6007 drives a screw 6005 fixedly connected to the upper platen 6004 through the worm elevator 6006 to control the upper platen 6004 to ascend and descend, thereby implementing electric control of the energy storage regulating system 6.
In a preferred embodiment, the energy storage spring 6001 and the internal spring 6002 are selected such that the natural frequency of the spring is different from the rotational frequency of the cam 4002 to avoid damage to the test device due to resonance.
In some embodiments, in combination with fig. 2 a-2 c, the high load impact fatigue test apparatus is further provided with a measurement system comprising a load measurement system 12, a deformation measurement system 2 for performing optical measurements, and a stroke measurement system 5.
Wherein the load measuring system is arranged in the clamp system 1, as shown in fig. 2a, the clamp system 1 comprises a clamp 11, a load measuring system 12 arranged below the clamp 1 and a support 13. Referring to fig. 2b and 2c, the clamp 11 includes a clamp base 1101, a dovetail 1102, a fastening bolt 1103, a fastening nut 1104, a trial 1105, a locking bolt 1106, a nylon nut 1107, a hold-down bolt 1108, a guide block 1109, and a movable press block 1110. A groove is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the clamp base 1101 and used for mounting a dovetail groove piece 1102, a test piece 1105, a compression bolt 1108, a guide block 1109 and a movable pressing block 1110, and the dovetail groove piece 1102 is connected with the clamp base 1101 in a sliding mode through a sliding groove (not shown); the edge of one side of the clamp base 1101 has a groove for a nylon nut 1107. Four through holes are arranged on the side surface of the clamp base 1101, and are respectively used for fastening bolts 1103 and locking bolts 1106 to penetrate so as to fix the dovetail piece 1102 and the guide block 1109; the bottom of the clamp base 1101 is fixedly connected with the load measuring system 12; two positioning holes 1111 are formed in the left side of the bottom of the clamp base 1101 and used for guaranteeing clamp installation and sensor centering; a ruler 1112 is arranged on the top surface of the clamp base 1101 and used for adjusting the installation position of the test piece 1105 and ensuring the test piece 1105 to be installed in a centering way; the fixture system 1100 is adaptable to different width and thickness dimensions of the test pieces 1105, specifically: loosening the fastening bolt 1103, adjusting the position of the dovetail groove 1102 according to the size of the test piece 1105, and tightening the fastening bolt 1103; loosening the locking bolt 1106, sliding the guide block 1109 and the movable pressing block 1110, loading the test piece 1105, screwing the locking bolt 1106, and clamping the test piece 1105 by the guide block 1109 and the movable pressing block 1110; and (3) tightening the compression bolt 1108 to enable the movable pressing block 1110 to compress the test piece 1105, thus finishing the centering installation of the test piece. The test piece 1105 is rectangular, and the side surface is dotted at certain intervals by using a laser marking machine, and is used for photographing, recording and analyzing the impact fatigue deformation of the test piece by the deformation measurement system 2. The load measurement system 12 is configured as shown in fig. 2d, and includes a stationary platform 1201, a dynamic force sensor 1202, a pretension bolt 1203, a bushing 1204, a washer 1205, a lock nut 1206, and a grommet 1207. The fixed platform 1201 is of a downward convex structure, and a round hole 1208 is formed in the middle of the fixed platform and is used for placing a locking nut 1206 into and connecting a pre-tightening bolt 1203 so as to tightly press the dynamic force sensor 1202; the upper surface of the fixing platform 1201 is connected with the clamp 11, and the lower convex structure is inserted into the support 13 for fixing. The support 13 is fixedly connected with the base 9 of the testing device, and a cushion block for adjusting the height can be further arranged, so that the effective formation of the impact test is adjusted.
The deformation measuring system 2 is arranged near the clamp system 1, is fixedly installed with the frame 7, is used for shooting surface changes of the test piece during impact loading and brazing, and has a structure shown in fig. 3 and comprises a CCD camera 2001, an illuminating lamp 2002, a three-degree-of-freedom holder 2003, a beam 2004, a support 2005 and a base 2006. The lighting 2002 is used for compensating the brightness of the CCD camera 2001 during photographing, and the photographing quality is improved; the three-degree-of-freedom pan-tilt 2003 is used for focusing of the CCD camera 2001 and adjustment within a small range of a photographing region; the cross beam 2004 and the support column 2005 are standard section bars and are connected through standard parts, and the cross beam 2004 can slide up and down on the support column 2005, be adjusted to a proper height and then be fastened through the standard parts.
The stroke measuring system 5 is also fixedly arranged on the frame, and the measuring device comprises a laser displacement sensor pointing to the hammer 3 and used for measuring the up-and-down movement distance of the hammer 3, carrying out differential conversion on the up-and-down movement distance into the speed of the hammer 3, and recording and outputting a displacement signal and a speed signal. The data can be used for analyzing the subsequent test results and can also be input into a numerical control system of the test device for adjusting and correcting test parameters.
Since the impact load of the test device can be as high as hundreds of kN, the direct action on the ground can cause ground cracking, further cause the device to incline and be unstable, not only influence the test result, but also cause danger. In some embodiments, the frame 7 and the base 9 are configured as a unitary frame. The frame 7 is made of steel welded construction to provide a stable support for the ram 3, the cam system 4 and the sample to be tested. The base 9 is made of steel structures and concrete, and the bottom of the frame 7 extends into the base 9 through a connecting piece and is fixedly connected with the base, so that huge impact load in a test is dispersed to the whole base. The frame 7 is also provided with a safety shield to prevent parts or fragments from being broken out to cause danger in the test.
In some embodiments, the testing apparatus is further provided with a limiting device 7001 on the frame 7, the limiting device 7001 is provided with an inclined surface configured with a buffer structure, and the impact hammer is also provided with an inverted conical surface 3009 matched with the inclined surface. When the punch hammer 3 moves in the normal travel range, the limiting device 7001 is not contacted with the punch hammer 3; when the downward displacement of the ram 3 exceeds a limited range, the inverted conical surface 3009 can impact on the inclined surface of the frame 7, and the downward movement is stopped, so that the clamp system 1 or the connecting rod 3004 is prevented from being damaged due to impact under a large load.
In some cases, the hammer 3 will bounce and fall after impacting the test piece 1105, causing a secondary impact, which will interfere with the test results. Therefore, in some preferred embodiments, the test unit is further provided with a secondary impact prevention mechanism as shown in fig. 7. The secondary impact prevention mechanism is arranged on the frame 7 and comprises a blocking mechanism 7100 and a driving mechanism which consists of a push rod 7201, a rocker arm 7202, a push rod 7203 and a secondary impact prevention cam 7207 which are sequentially connected. The blocking mechanism 7100 comprises a sliding rail 7103 and a sliding block 7101 arranged in the sliding rail 7103, a rubber pad 7102 is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block 7101, the sliding block 7101 can slide in the sliding rail 7103 and enter a blocking position, and when the blocking position is reached, the sliding block 7101 is opposite to a secondary impact prevention boss 3010 arranged on the impact hammer 3, so that the impact hammer 3 is prevented from bouncing up and falling down after primary impact to form secondary impact on a sample to be detected. The slider 7101 is connected to the push rod 7201 and is driven by the push rod 7201 to slide. One end of the push rod 7201 is connected with the slide block 7101, and the other end is hinged with the rocker 7202; a support 7204 arranged on the rack 7 is arranged in the middle of the rocker 7202, and two ends of the rocker 7201 are respectively connected with a push rod 7203 to form a transmission lever mechanism; the push rod 7203 is longitudinally disposed, the bottom is hinged to the rocker arm 7201, and the top receives the rotation of the secondary impact prevention cam 7207 mounted on the camshaft 4001, and the drive is provided by the secondary impact prevention cam 7207. Preferably, a restoring spring 7205 and a roller 7206 are provided on the top of the plunger 7203 in some embodiments, and a secondary impact prevention mechanism cam 7207 is coupled via the roller 7206. The jacking sections of the cam 7207 and the cam 4002 of the secondary impact prevention mechanism are provided with a certain phase difference according to the stroke of the impact hammer 3 and the frequency of the energy storage spring 6001, so that after the impact hammer 3 falls and impacts once, the sliding block 7101 can clamp the secondary impact prevention boss 3010 from the lower part or the side surface, the impact hammer 3 is prevented from bouncing and falling or vibrating along with the energy storage spring 6001, before the impact hammer 3 enters the next jacking stage, the recovery spring 7205 pushes the ejector rod 7203 to reset, the sliding block 7101 is moved out of the blocking position, and the interference with the impact hammer 3 in the normal impact process is avoided. In some embodiments, for example, in the case of performing a high frequency impact test, it is also possible to replace the secondary impact prevention cam 7207 with a crankshaft hinged to the jack 7203, or to replace the secondary impact prevention cam 7207 with a drive gear mounted on the cam shaft 4001 and replace the slider 7101 with a stopper rod having one end rotated about a fixed shaft, in order to reduce the error in the movement cycle of the secondary impact prevention mechanism and the hammer punch 3. In some embodiments, the secondary impact prevention cam 7207 may be omitted, and the plunger 7203 may be directly driven by the cam 4002 to simplify the structure.
The above-described embodiments are intended to describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical idea of the present invention. The scope of the invention is intended to cover any combination of structure, design, or equivalents of the parts shown and described, or any combination thereof, which is within the scope of the claims and which does not depart from the structure or spirit of the invention as disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high load impact fatigue test device, includes the punching hammer and is used for driving the cam of punching hammer, its characterized in that:
the punching hammer is configured into a long rod shape, a punch used for applying impact load is arranged in the center of the bottom end of the punching hammer, the top end of the punching hammer is connected with the energy storage spring, a rotating shaft and a long hole extending along the rod body direction are arranged in the middle section of the punching hammer, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the long hole;
the cam is arranged in the slot hole in a penetrating mode and located below the rotating shaft, the cam comprises a free section and a jacking section, the maximum radius of the free section is smaller than the minimum distance between the center of the cam and the surface of the rotating shaft, the radius of the jacking section is not smaller than the minimum distance between the center of the cam and the surface of the rotating shaft, the first connecting position of the free section and the jacking section is set to be in smooth transition, the second connecting position is set to be in a step structure, so that each time the cam rotates for one circle, the rotating shaft is pushed, and the impact hammer is driven to complete one-time jacking-falling axial motion.
2. The high-load impact fatigue test device of claim 1, wherein the jacking section of the cam comprises an equal acceleration jacking section, an equal deceleration jacking section and a uniform speed section which are sequentially arranged.
3. The high-load impact fatigue test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an energy storage adjusting device is arranged at the top end of the energy storage spring, and the energy storage adjusting device can adjust the pre-tightening force of the energy storage spring so as to continuously adjust the impact load of the downward movement of the impact hammer.
4. The high-load impact fatigue test apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the natural frequency of the energy charging spring is different from the rotational frequency of the cam.
5. The high-load impact fatigue test device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a measurement system comprising a load measurement system and an optical measurement system; the load measuring system comprises a force sensor arranged below the sample to be detected and used for measuring impact load; the optical measurement system comprises optical measurement devices which respectively point to the sample to be detected and the impact hammer and are used for recording the deformation and the impact speed of the sample after impact.
6. The high-load impact fatigue test device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an integral frame, wherein the integral frame comprises a frame and a base arranged below the frame, the frame is made of a steel structure and is used for installing the impact hammer and the cam and placing a sample to be tested; the base is made by steel construction and concrete, the bottom of frame and the connecting piece fixed connection who extends into in the base to give whole base with impact load dispersion.
7. The high-load impact fatigue test device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a limiting device, wherein a limiting structure matched with the limiting device is arranged on the hammer, and when the downward displacement of the hammer exceeds a limited range, the limiting device is in contact with the limiting structure to prevent the hammer from moving downwards continuously.
8. The high-load impact fatigue test device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a secondary impact prevention mechanism, wherein the secondary impact prevention mechanism comprises a driving mechanism and a blocking mechanism, one end of the driving mechanism receives rotation of a cam shaft of the cam, and the other end of the driving mechanism is connected with the blocking mechanism; the blocking mechanism can move under the action of the driving mechanism, moves to a blocking position after the impact hammer impacts the sample to be detected, prevents secondary impact from occurring on the sample to be detected, and moves out of the blocking position before the impact hammer begins to fall.
9. The high-load impact fatigue test device of claim 8, wherein the blocking mechanism comprises a slider, and the driving mechanism comprises a secondary impact prevention cam and a link mechanism, the secondary impact prevention cam being mounted on the camshaft to transmit the motion of the camshaft to the link mechanism, so that the link mechanism pulls the slider to move to the blocking position.
10. The high-load impact fatigue test apparatus of claim 9, wherein the linkage comprises a return spring for driving the linkage to pull the slide out of the blocking position.
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| CN115077838B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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