CN115075446A - 一种多功能的装配式楼板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种预制楼板,尤其是涉及一种多功能的装配式楼板,包括混凝土板以及预埋在混凝土板内部的保温板和钢筋;混凝土板的一侧设有插块,混凝土板上与插块相对的一侧设有插槽,插块与插槽相匹配。本申请的优点是结构强度高、保温性能好,且结构形式多元化。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及一种预制楼板,尤其是涉及一种多功能的装配式楼板。
背景技术
装配式楼板又称预制楼板、预制板,是早期建筑当中用的楼板,由于其方便施工,因此被广泛应用于建筑领域。
目前,装配式楼板包括混凝土板以及预埋在混凝土板内部的钢筋,混凝土板为主体,钢筋主要用于加强整体的结构强度,施工时,将加工成型的装配式楼板运输至现场进行安装。
针对上述中的相关技术,发明人认为传统的装配式楼板存在结构形式单一,保温性能不佳的缺陷。
发明内容
为了改善目前装配式楼板结构形式单一,保温性能差的缺陷,本申请提供一种多功能的装配式楼板。
本申请提供的一种多功能的装配式楼板,采用如下的技术方案:
一种多功能的装配式楼板,包括混凝土板以及预埋在混凝土板内部的保温板和钢筋;
混凝土板的一侧设有插块,混凝土板上与插块相对的一侧设有插槽,插块与插槽相匹配。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请通过内置的保温板以及外覆的混凝土板,大大提高了装配式楼板的保温性能,同时外覆的混凝土板还能够为保温板提供防护,延长使用寿命;施工时,通过插块和插槽相互配合,从而将相邻混凝土板之间连为一个受力整体,而插块与插槽的配合不局限于某一种,可以有不同的形式,改善了目前装配式楼板结构形式单一的缺陷。
优选的,所述插块和插槽设置在混凝土板底部且位于边缘的位置。
优选的,所述插块上设有锁头,插槽的内壁对应锁头的位置设有供锁头连锁固定的锁芯。
通过采用上述技术方案,锁头与锁芯的设置,能够大大提高相邻混凝土板之间连接的稳定性。
优选的,所述锁头包括固定于插块上的基座、对称固接于基座远离插块一端且间隙设置的弹性杆,以及分别成型于弹性杆远离基座一端的卡件;
锁芯预埋在插槽的内壁中,锁芯上加工有由外至内布置的通道,通道的末端设有能够容纳卡件的卡槽,卡槽的直径大于通道的直径,两卡件相对一侧紧贴时,两卡件的最大直径与通道的直径相匹配。
通过采用上述技术方案,安装时,将相邻的混凝土板放到指定位置,通过按压的方式进行固定,按压的过程中,两卡件逐渐伸入通道内,并且受通道尺寸的限制相互靠近并紧贴;当卡件进入卡槽内时,由于空间由小变大,因此,弹性杆恢复形变,使得卡件卡在卡槽内,实现牢靠固定。
优选的,所述卡件的截面为扇形或三角形,其中卡件和弹性杆接触的一面与弹性杆的长度方向相垂直。
优选的,所述钢筋位于保温板的上下两侧;混凝土板内还预埋有与上下两侧钢筋相连接的桁架筋。
通过采用上述技术方案,钢筋、桁架筋的设置,提高了装配式楼板的结构强度、受力能力。
优选的,所述混凝土板内且靠近插块/插槽的一侧预埋有钢丝网片,钢丝网片具有连续的凹凸结构。
通过采用上述技术方案,钢丝网片设置于混凝土板靠近底部的位置,能够大大提高混凝土板的防水性能。
优选的,所述混凝土板的顶部加工有水暖管槽。
通过采用上述技术方案,楼板整体施工完成后,工作人员只需在水暖管槽处安装即可,十分方便,无需开槽,大大提高了施工效率。
优选的,所述混凝土板四周的侧壁均加工有的坡壁和直壁,直壁位于靠近插块/插槽的一侧,坡壁由上至下逐渐向外倾斜。
通过采用上述技术方案,相邻混凝土板的相邻坡壁之间形成接缝,施工人员可在接缝内填充粘结剂,一方面用于进一步的固定,另一方面用于密封,提高防水效果。
优选的,所述坡壁的顶部加工有灌键槽。
通过采用上述技术方案,施工时,在相邻混凝土板的相邻灌键槽内铺贴网格布,同时在网格布上固定橡胶条,并且使橡胶条的表面与混凝土板的表面齐平,如此设置,一方面能够封堵接缝,另一方面能够延长渗水的流通路径,使得渗水无法直接流入接缝内,大大提高了装配式楼板的防水性能。
综上所述,本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果:
本申请通过内置的保温板以及外覆的混凝土板,提高了装配式楼板的保温性能;通过设置钢筋、桁架筋和钢丝网片,提高了装配式楼板的结构强度、受力能力和防水性能;通过设置接缝、灌键槽,进一步提高了装配式楼板的防水性能;通过设置锁头和锁芯,提高了装配式楼板安装后的牢靠程度。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例中装配式楼板的整体结构示意图;
图2是体现相邻混凝土板之间装配关系的结构示意图;
图3是图2中A部分的局部放大示意图。
附图标记说明:1、混凝土板;11、插块;12、插槽;13、坡壁;14、直壁;15、灌键槽;16、水暖管槽;2、保温板;3、钢筋;4、桁架筋;5、钢丝网片;6、锁头;61、基座;62、弹性杆;63、卡件;7、锁芯;71、通道;72、卡槽。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图1-3对本申请作进一步详细说明。
本申请实施例公开了一种多功能的装配式楼板。参照图1,装配式楼板包括混凝土板1以及预埋在混凝土板1内部的保温板2,其中,混凝土板1由轻质高强混凝土浇筑而成,具有一定的保温性能;保温板2可以为聚氨酯板,其具有导热系数低、隔热性能优越的优点,配合包覆于保温板2外部的混凝土板1,能够达到更好的保温性能。
混凝土板1的内部预埋有钢筋3和桁架筋4,主要用于增加装配式楼板整体的结构强度和受力能力;其中,钢筋3为两组,分别位于保温板2的上下两侧,桁架筋4同时与上下两组钢筋3相连接,形成稳定的支撑结构,同时还能降低后期浇筑混凝土时出现移位的可能性。
参照图1,为了进一步提高装配式楼板的结构强度及防水性能,在混凝土板1内且靠近底部的位置还预埋有钢丝网片5,钢丝网片5具有连续的凹凸结构,如此设置,使得钢丝网片5具有良好的韧性,不易损坏。
混凝土板1的一侧设有插块11,插块11可以为任意形状,在本申请中插块11呈梯形结构,插块11底面较大的一侧固接于混凝土板1上,并且插块11的底面与混凝土板1的底面平齐,使得插块11的斜面朝上布置,混凝土板1上与插块11相对的一侧设有与插块11相适配的插槽12,插块11和插槽12设置在混凝土板1底部且位于边缘的位置,相邻混凝土板1之间可通过插块11和插槽12依次连接为一个整体。
参照图2和图3,为了提高相邻混凝土板1之间连接的稳定性,在插块11的斜面上设置多个锁头6,在插槽12的内壁上设置多个与锁头6一一对应的锁芯7,锁头6可与锁芯7卡接配合,形成连锁固定。锁头6包括基座61、弹性杆62和卡件63三部分;其中,基座61呈圆柱状,其一端固接于插块11上;弹性杆62设置有两根,具有一定的形变能力,两根弹性杆62对称固接于基座61远离插块11的一端,并且两根弹性杆62之间存在间隙;卡件63设置有两个,分别成型于两弹性杆62远离基座61的一端,卡件63的截面为扇形或三角形或者至少具有一个直切面的异形,其中卡件63的直切面与弹性杆62的长度方向相垂直;锁芯7呈筒状,其预埋在插槽12的内壁中,锁芯7上加工有由外至内布置的通道71,通道71的末端即靠近内部的一端设有能够容纳卡件63的卡槽72,需要说明的是,卡槽72的直径大于通道71的直径,两卡件63相对一侧紧贴时,两卡件63的最大直径与通道71的直径相匹配。
安装时,将相邻的混凝土板1放到指定位置,通过按压的方式进行固定,按压的过程中,两卡件63受通道71尺寸的限制相互靠近并紧贴;当卡件63进入卡槽72内时,由于空间由小变大,因此,弹性杆62恢复形变,使得卡件63的直切面卡在卡槽72内,实现牢靠固定。
参照图1和图2,混凝土板1四周的侧壁均加工有坡壁13和直壁14,直壁14延伸至混凝土板1的底部,坡壁13由上至下逐渐向外倾斜,使得相邻的两块混凝土板1之间形成不贯穿至底的接缝,完成上述的固定后,施工人员可在接缝内填充粘结剂,一方面用于进一步的固定,另一方面用于密封,提高防水效果。坡壁13的顶部加工有灌键槽15,相邻混凝土板1的相邻灌键槽15内铺贴网格布,同时在网格布上固定橡胶条,橡胶条的表面与混凝土板1的表面齐平,网格布和橡胶条的设置,一方面能够封堵接缝,另一方面能够延长渗水的流通路径,使得渗水无法直接流入接缝内,大大提高了装配式楼板的防水性能。
混凝土板1的顶部加工有水暖管槽16,主要用于布置水暖管,楼板整体施工完成后,工作人员只需在水暖管槽16处安装即可,十分方便,无需开槽,大大提高了施工效率。
本申请通过内置的保温板2以及外覆的混凝土板1,提高了装配式楼板的保温性能;通过设置钢筋3、桁架筋4和钢丝网片5,提高了装配式楼板的结构强度、受力能力和防水性能;通过设置接缝、灌键槽15,进一步提高了装配式楼板的防水性能;通过设置锁头6和锁芯7,提高了装配式楼板安装后的牢靠程度。
以上均为本申请的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本申请的保护范围,故:凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于,包括混凝土板(1)以及预埋在混凝土板(1)内部的保温板(2)和钢筋(3);
混凝土板(1)的一侧设有插块(11),混凝土板(1)上与插块(11)相对的一侧设有插槽(12),插块(11)与插槽(12)相匹配。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于:所述插块(11)和插槽(12)设置在混凝土板(1)底部且位于边缘的位置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于:所述插块(11)上设有锁头(6),插槽(12)的内壁对应锁头(6)的位置设有供锁头(6)连锁固定的锁芯(7)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于:所述锁头(6)包括固定于插块(11)上的基座(61)、对称固接于基座(61)远离插块(11)一端且间隙设置的弹性杆(62),以及分别成型于弹性杆(62)远离基座(61)一端的卡件(63);
锁芯(7)预埋在插槽(12)的内壁中,锁芯(7)上加工有由外至内布置的通道(71),通道(71)的末端设有能够容纳卡件(63)的卡槽(72),卡槽(72)的直径大于通道(71)的直径,两卡件(63)相对一侧紧贴时,两卡件(63)的最大直径与通道(71)的直径相匹配。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于:所述卡件(63)的截面为扇形或三角形,其中卡件(63)和弹性杆(62)接触的一面与弹性杆(62)的长度方向相垂直。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于:所述钢筋(3)位于保温板(2)的上下两侧;混凝土板(1)内还预埋有与上下两侧钢筋(3)相连接的桁架筋(4)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于:所述混凝土板(1)内且靠近插块(11)/插槽(12)的一侧预埋有钢丝网片(5),钢丝网片(5)具有连续的凹凸结构。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于:所述混凝土板(1)的顶部加工有水暖管槽(16)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于:所述混凝土板(1)四周的侧壁均加工有的坡壁(13)和直壁(14),直壁(14)位于靠近插块(11)/插槽(12)的一侧,坡壁(13)由上至下逐渐向外倾斜。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种多功能的装配式楼板,其特征在于:所述坡壁(13)的顶部加工有灌键槽(15)。
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