CN115074885B - Preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn - Google Patents

Preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115074885B
CN115074885B CN202210961866.3A CN202210961866A CN115074885B CN 115074885 B CN115074885 B CN 115074885B CN 202210961866 A CN202210961866 A CN 202210961866A CN 115074885 B CN115074885 B CN 115074885B
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yarn
mixed polymer
environment
polymer melt
spinning
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CN115074885A (en
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杨婷
刘宇清
周文龙
关晋平
芮宝琴
郑松明
寇婉婷
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Jiangsu Hengli Chemical Fiber Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Hengli Chemical Fiber Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
    • D02G3/404—Yarns or threads coated with polymeric solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D02G3/045—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials all components being made from artificial or synthetic material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02—Cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D10B2201/24—Viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
    • D10B2211/20—Protein-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2211/22—Fibroin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn, coating a mixed polymer melt on the surface of the yarn under a pressurizing condition, adopting a solution blowing and spinning process to spray silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified, and twisting to prepare the environment-friendly composite yarn; the polymer in the mixed polymer melt is low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate, and the melting point of the polyethylene terephthalate is 110 to 150 ℃. The method effectively solves the problems that the mechanical property of the yarn is deteriorated and the yarn is difficult to weave due to large volatilization amount of an organic solvent and increased addition amount of functional powder in blended spinning in the existing functional yarn finishing process, and the problems that the heat loss caused by large-volume heating often exists in simple impregnation of hot melt adhesive in the existing hot melt adhesive finishing method of the yarn, and the functional powder is difficult to participate in twisting of the hot melt adhesive on the basis of ensuring continuous spinning.

Description

Preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning processes, and relates to a preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarns.
Background
The two areas of clothing and home use, which are the largest areas of the market as textile applications, are faced with the ever-increasing living conditions, which are the need to meet the consumer demand for higher product quality. At present, most of clothes and home textile products in the market use cotton fibers or polyester fibers as raw materials, regenerated cellulose fiber products are also endless in recent years, in order to attract consumers, producers often endow textiles with more functions to improve the economic value of the textiles, such as softness, bacteriostasis, perspiration, sun protection and the like, meanwhile, the popularity of fast-fashion brands also greatly shortens the updating and updating service cycle of the clothes and the home textiles in the life of people, and in the face of increasing waste textiles, although relevant departments have implemented a strategy of recycling the waste textiles, if the proportion of the application of petroleum resources in the textiles can be fundamentally reduced, the clothes and the home textile products adopt more environment-friendly and degradable natural fibers as the raw materials, the method has great significance to the natural environment and the society.
At present, except for the development of environment-friendly fibers, natural degradable fibers are selected to prepare yarns, related personnel pay attention to the improvement of a yarn finishing process link, and in the prior art, a common method for yarn after-finishing is to immerse raw yarns in an organic solvent in which functional substances and auxiliaries are dissolved or mixed, and then evaporate, dry and remove the organic solvent to realize adhesion. However, with the increasing requirement of environmental protection, the volatilization of harmful gases caused by such organic solvents in textile industry not only affects the local atmospheric environment of production, but also may damage the health of production personnel, so the transition from solvent-based adhesives to non-solvent-based adhesives is an important trend in green production. The hot melt adhesive has the characteristics of no pollution, quick curing, wide bonding surface, low cost, convenience in storage and the like, is well developed in some automatic assembly line production, and has been applied to the finishing process of yarns by people in related patents, such as Chinese patents CN201711346030.8, CN202010824797.2, CN201710306717.2 and the like, so that the hot melt polymer is compounded with the yarns at high temperature in the state of glue or silk to improve the use fastness of a final product.
In addition, the concentration of functional substances is limited by means of dipping adhesion and blending twisting in the functional finishing of the yarn, because excessive functional substances are precipitated from the yarn along with the evaporation of an adhesive solvent and fall off under a certain friction effect during the dipping adhesion, and for blending spinning, the low solubility and the difficult uniform dispersion of the functional substances are one of the reasons for blocking spinning needle holes and causing the poor fiber strength and difficult continuous spinning, so that the content of the functional substances in the functional finishing process of the yarn is generally not more than 10 to 15 percent under the condition of ensuring the wearing and fatigue resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly composite yarn.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
compared with the electrostatic spinning process for preparing the micro-nano short fiber, the solution blowing spinning process has the advantages that high-speed airflow replaces high-voltage static electricity, and the operation is safe, so the method is selected) silk fibroin short fiber is sprayed on the surface of the mixed polymer melt, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared by twisting, hot melt adhesive has certain viscosity when not being completely cooled and solidified, outer layer short fiber is sprayed immediately after being coated, and the yarn can be adhered, and the yarn is further clasped by the subsequent working procedure;
the polymer in the mixed polymer melt is low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate, and the melting point of the polyethylene terephthalate is 110 to 150 ℃;
the yarn is cellulose staple fiber yarn, and consists of cotton yarn, viscose yarn, lyocell fiber or bamboo pulp fiber yarn;
the melt viscosity of the coated mixed polymer melt is 250 to 600Pa s when the coated mixed polymer melt is not completely cooled and solidified;
the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn is 10 to 20 percent (the coating mass percentage of the polymer melt on the 1000m integral yarn is 10 to 20 percent by testing according to the measuring method of the yarn linear density in the national standard GB/T4743-2009);
the spinning air pressure of the solution blowing spinning process is 0.2 to 0.3MPa.
As a preferable technical scheme:
according to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device is adopted for coating the mixed polymer melt;
the micro-flow pressure-relief cladding device comprises a feeding pipe, a heating pipe (or a heating rod), a central pipeline and a feeding tank; the feeding tank is formed by enclosing an inner closed hemispherical shell and an outer closed hemispherical shell, wherein the inner closed hemispherical shell and the outer closed hemispherical shell are downward in spherical surface, a through hole is formed in the central axis of the feeding tank, a central pipeline is positioned in the through hole, the inner closed hemispherical shell and the outer closed hemispherical shell are fixedly connected with the central pipeline, and a plurality of holes communicated with the feeding tank are formed in the side surface of the lower part of the central pipeline (the formed holes are used for realizing the cladding of yarns and a functional hot melting layer, and the number of the holes is preferably 2 considering the part precision); one end of the feeding pipe penetrates through the upper surface of the outer hemispherical shell and is connected into the feeding tank, the other end of the feeding pipe is externally connected with the double-screw extruder, and the functional hot melting layer is mixed and melted in the double-screw extruder and then is extruded into the feeding tank through the feeding pipe; the heating pipe passes through double-deck hemisphere shell upper surface and is connected to inside the inlayer hemisphere shell, and its material comprises resistant certain high temperature material, and the heating pipe does not influence the flow of hot melt adhesive and going on of heating work with the part of hot melt adhesive contact, and the heating mode is electrical heating or conduction oil heating, is prior art. And the uniformly-stirred functional hot melt adhesive enters from the feeding pipe and is extruded into the hole below the central pipeline through the hemispherical curved surface to be coated on the surface of the central yarn in a melting way, the central yarn is introduced into the feeding tank from the upper part of the central pipeline, and is led out of the feeding tank together after being compounded by the hot melt layer in the hole below, and the next blowing and spraying compounding process is carried out.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the inner diameter of the central pipeline is 2-5 mm, the aperture of the side opening at the lower end of the central pipeline is 1-3 mm, the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is 10-20mm, and the depth of the feeding groove is 5-15mm.
In the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the extrusion capacity of a double-screw extruder is 450-840 cm 3 /h。
In the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the pressurizing condition is that a pressure of 0.4 to 1MPa is applied.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the mixed polymer is prepared by adding a certain proportion of mixed material, polymer and auxiliary agent into a double-screw extruder for melt mixing;
the mixed material is more than one of terpineol, citronellol and kaolin; the auxiliary agent is more than one of plasticizer, anti-aging agent, dispersant and softening agent.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the mass ratio of the polymer to the mixed material to the auxiliary agent is 35 to 75.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the needle used in the solution blowing spinning process is 21G, and the flow rate is 1.2 to 1.5ml/h.
In the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the spinning solution adopted by the solution blowing spinning is obtained by dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at the temperature of 25-40 ℃.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the mass fraction of the spinning solution is 10-15%.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
one of the problems to be solved by the present invention is: the organic solvent volatilization amount in the existing functional yarn finishing process is large, and the adding amount of functional powder in the blending spinning is increased, so that the mechanical property of the yarn is deteriorated and the yarn is difficult to weave; in order to solve the problems, the invention arranges the functional substance on the surface of the yarn by adopting the hot melt adhesive (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate) which can be solidified at normal temperature, the hot melt adhesive can keep a certain fluid state and viscosity at the melting temperature, the auxiliary effect of an organic solvent and the spinning requirement are not needed, and the functional powder is added and uniformly stirred, so that the functional powder can be coated on the surface of the yarn at high temperature. Different from other yarn processing methods in the prior art, the functional substances are distributed in the whole yarn along with the adhesive in a soaking way, the functional substances of the composite yarn prepared by the method are covered on the surface layer of the yarn due to hot melting coating, so that the function can be better exerted, the composite yarn mainly takes the cellulose short fiber yarn at the center as a stressed object, the mechanical property of the yarn is not influenced by the addition of the functional powder in the hot melting layer, and meanwhile, the consolidation of the hot melt adhesive on the surface of the yarn has a certain positive effect on the tensile strength of the yarn.
The second problem to be solved by the invention is: the existing hot-melt adhesive finishing method of the yarn does not provide a process for further compounding the yarn and a hot-melt substance, wherein the heat loss caused by large-volume heating often exists in the simple impregnation of the hot-melt adhesive, and the participation of functional powder is difficult to realize on the basis of ensuring continuous spinning by twisting the hot-melt adhesive; in order to solve the problem, the invention designs a special feeding device (microflow pressure-release cladding device) which can further realize the compounding of the hot melt adhesive and the yarn, the low volume flow motion state of the hot melt adhesive in the feeding groove and the spherical heating interface are beneficial to the rapid and uniform heating of the polymer, thereby being more stably clad on the surface of the yarn.
Has the advantages that:
(1) The feeding device is designed in the yarn preparation process, the use amount of the polymer in the use process can be reduced through the design of the inner hemispherical surface groove and the outer hemispherical surface groove, a large amount of molten polymer does not need to be injected in advance, the curved surface groove can reduce the deterioration of a small amount of polymer in a container due to uneven heating in the processing process and can also relieve the uneven internal stress, and the design can realize the better combination of the polymer and the central yarn;
(2) Compared with the compounding of short threads and long threads, the short fibers spun by adhering and blowing are adhered by the viscosity of the polymer which is not completely cooled after being heated, so that the surface of the yarn can be kept smoother under lower twist;
(3) The main body of the yarn prepared by the invention adopts the most common cellulose short fiber in clothing products, and is matched with a very small amount of polyester to realize the attachment of functional particles on the yarn, and meanwhile, the fibroin short fiber tangled on the surface of the yarn not only can further strengthen the mechanical property of the composite yarn, but also has natural skin-friendly property, and can not cause skin sensitivity in the using process, and the using property of softness and skin-friendliness of the product can be improved. The composite yarn composed of the three materials can realize the environmental degradation to a great extent, and the prepared product conforms to the concept of green development at present.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of an environment-friendly composite yarn of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a microfluidic pressure relief cladding apparatus;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a combination view of an environmentally friendly composite yarn structure;
the method comprises the following steps of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 4-2, 4-4, 4-5, wherein the yarn is central yarn, the yarn is guide roller, the yarn is double-screw extruder, the yarn is micro-flow pressure-release cladding device, the yarn is blow-jet spinning device, the yarn is tension roller, the yarn is double-twisting device, the yarn is air pump, the yarn is mixed polymer, the yarn is 1-3, silk fibroin short fiber, the yarn is 4-1, the yarn is central pipeline, the yarn is 4-2, the yarn is heating pipe, the yarn is 4-3, the yarn is feeding groove, and the yarn is hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art after reading the contents of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 comprises a feeding pipe 4-2, a heating pipe 4-3, a central pipeline 4-1 and a feeding groove 4-4; the feeding groove 4-4 is formed by enclosing an inner spherical surface and an outer spherical surface downward closed hemispherical shell, the depth of the feeding groove is 5 to 15mm, a through hole is formed in the central axis of the feeding groove, a central pipeline 4-1 is positioned in the through hole, the inner diameter of the central pipeline is 2 to 5mm, the inner hemispherical shell and the outer hemispherical shell are fixedly connected with the central pipeline, and a plurality of holes 4-5 with the hole diameters of 1 to 3mm are formed in the side face of the lower portion of the central pipeline and are communicated with the feeding groove; the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is 10 to 20mm, one end of the feeding pipe penetrates through the upper surface of the outer hemispherical shell and is connected into the feeding groove, and the other end of the feeding pipe is externally connected with a double-screw extruder 3; and the heating pipe 4-3 penetrates through the upper surface of the double-layer hemispherical shell and is connected to the inner part of the inner hemispherical shell.
Some of the materials involved in the embodiments of the present invention are specifically as follows:
terpineol adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Shanghai Ji to Biochemical technology Limited company, and the trade name is as follows: t36060;
the kaolin adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biotechnology GmbH, and the mark is: k100134;
the citronellol adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biotechnology GmbH, and the trade name is: c102068;
the low melting point polyethylene terephthalate used in the examples of the present invention was purchased from shaoxing nona chemical fibers, ltd, under the designation: 5402331000;
the dispersant adopted in the embodiment of the invention is LBD-1;
the softening agent adopted in the embodiment of the invention is Kingsofter AZ-700;
the plasticizer adopted in the embodiment of the invention is dibutyl phthalate, which is purchased from Shanghai Allan Biotechnology, inc. under the trade name: d103477;
the anti-aging agent adopted in the embodiment of the invention is an anti-aging agent 2246 which is purchased from Nantong Xinchangchemistry Limited company under the brand number: 2246;
the silk fibroin adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Beijing Yongkang Leye science and technology development Limited company with the brand number: SP110;
the cotton yarn adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Tian Yi textile Co., ltd, in Foshan City, and the brand number is as follows: c-100;
the lyocell filament yarns adopted in the embodiment of the invention are purchased from a new type of fiber manufacturing company Limited for Swan.
The test method of some indexes related in the embodiment of the invention is concretely as follows:
(1) Coating mass percentage: the method for measuring the linear density of the yarn in the national standard GB/T4743-2009 is adopted to test the coating mass percentage of the polymer melt on the 1000m integral yarn;
(2) Breaking strength: the breaking strength of plain weave woven fabric woven by environment-friendly composite yarn is tested by adopting the national standard GB/T3916-2013;
(3) Elongation at break: testing the elongation at break of plain weave woven fabric woven by environment-friendly composite yarns by adopting the national standard GB/T3916-2013;
(4) VOC release amount: measuring the VOC release amount of the plain weave fabric by adopting an Agilent 5975C-7890A gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer;
(5) UPF: measuring UPF of the plain woven fabric by adopting a national standard GB/T18830-2009;
(6) T (UVA) AV/%: the T (UVA) AV/%, of the plain weave fabric is measured by adopting the national standard GB/T18830-2009;
(7) Washing: and washing the plain weave fabric by adopting the national standard GB/T3921-2008.
Example 1
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixture (terpineol), a polymer (low-melting polyethylene terephthalate with a melting point of 120 ℃) and an auxiliary agent (a mixture of a dispersing agent and a softening agent with a mass ratio of 3;
(2) Preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at 25 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 12%;
(3) Preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading the central yarn 1 (cotton yarn) into a micro-flow pressure-relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 0.6MPa, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 3mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 2mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 3mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 10mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder was 600cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn was 20%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 500 Pa.s), adopting a solution blowing spinning process, and spraying silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 with the twist of 500T/m;
wherein, the technological parameters of the solution blowing and spraying spinning are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning air pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.2MPa, and the flow rate is 1.2ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarns were woven into plain woven fabrics one over the other, and the breaking strength of the plain woven fabric was measured to be 19.6cN/tex, the elongation at break was 17.8%, and the VOC emission was measured to be 0.009wt%.
Example 2
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixture (kaolin) of 35;
(2) Preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at 25 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 12%;
(3) Preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading a central yarn 1 (lyocell fiber filament) into a micro-flow pressure relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; at a pressure of 0.6MPaThen, cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 3mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 2mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 3mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 10mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder was 600cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn was 20%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 500 Pa.s), adopting a solution blowing spinning process, and spraying silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 to obtain the environment-friendly composite yarn, wherein the twist is 600T/m;
wherein the solution blowing and spraying spinning process parameters are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.3MPa, and the flow rate is 1.3ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarns were woven into a plain weave fabric having one upper and one lower, and the plain weave fabric was found to have a breaking strength of 21.7cN/tex, an elongation at break of 18.4%, a VOC emission of 0.011wt%, a UPF of 67, and a t (UVA) AV of 1.3%.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the composite yarn is basically the same as that of the embodiment 2, and is different in that the blowing spinning process is omitted, and silk fibroin short fibers are not added;
the obtained yarns were woven into plain woven fabrics one over the other, and the plain woven fabrics were measured to have a breaking strength of 19.8cN/tex, an elongation at break of 15.7%, a VOC emission of 0.011wt%, a UPF of 67, and a T (UVA) AV of 1.4%.
Comparing the data of comparative example 1 with that of example 2, it was found that the breaking strength and elongation at break of comparative example 1 are significantly lower than those of example 2, since the incorporation of short fibers during the preparation process can improve the mechanical properties of the yarn.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of composite yarn, which is basically the same as the embodiment 2, and is characterized in that functional hot-melt polymer obtained by melting is input into an open type constant temperature container from a feed pipe, and the composite yarn is drawn out after being impregnated by lyocell fiber filaments;
the yarn thus obtained was woven into plain woven fabrics one over the other, and the plain woven fabrics were measured to have a breaking strength of 20.3cN/tex, an elongation at break of 21.2% by weight, a VOC emission of 0.35% by weight, a UPF of 68, and a T (UVA) AV of 1.5%.
Comparing the data of comparative example 2 with that of example 2, it can be seen that the VOC emission of comparative example 2 is significantly higher than that of example 2, and the breaking strength is lower than that of example 2; the low-melting-point high polymer is used, so that the high-temperature condition is reduced, the aging and degradation of the high polymer are reduced, and meanwhile, a small amount of VOC gas can be led out from a central pipeline or an extrusion port in the near-closed environment of a special device, so that the air pollution degree in the production process can be relieved; the enhancement of the breaking strength comes from the functions of bonding and shaping the melt adhesive cladded in the yarns, and the entanglement of the surface nano short fibers under the action of external force is embedded in the surface of the melt adhesive layer to play a certain supporting role, so that the enhancement of the mechanical property is facilitated.
Comparative example 3
Weaving commercially available uvioresistant yarns (available from Nantong Yiheng New materials science and technology Co., ltd.; model No. MH 9007) into a plain weave fabric with one over and one under;
the plain woven fabric was measured to have a breaking strength of 17.6cN/tex, an elongation at break of 16.4%, a UPF of 44, and a T (UVA) AV of 2.8%.
Comparing the data of comparative example 3 with that of example 2, it can be seen that the uv resistance of example 2 is significantly better than that of comparative example 3, because the commercially available uv resistant yarn is made by melt spinning the traditional high polymer, the addition amount of the uv resistant auxiliary agent should be less than 10% for uniform spinning, and the addition amount of the functional powder in example 2 of the present invention can reach 12%.
Example 3
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixture (citronellol), a polymer (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate with a melting point of 120 ℃) and an auxiliary agent (plasticizer) into a double-screw extruder 3 according to a mass ratio of 73 to 20, and carrying out melt mixing at 130 ℃ to obtain a mixed polymer;
(2) Preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at 40 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 10%;
(3) Preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microflow pressure-release cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading the central yarn 1 (cotton yarn) into a micro-flow pressure relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 0.6MPa, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 3mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 2mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 3mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 10mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder was 600cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn was 20%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 500 Pa.s), adopting a solution blowing spinning process, and spraying silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 with the twist of 500T/m;
wherein the solution blowing and spraying spinning process parameters are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.2MPa, and the flow rate is 1.4ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarns were woven into a plain woven fabric of one over one under, and the breaking strength of the plain woven fabric was measured to be 20.1cN/tex, the elongation at break was measured to be 24.9%, and the VOC emission was measured to be 0.001wt%.
Example 4
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixed material (terpineol), a polymer (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate with the melting point of 140 ℃) and an auxiliary agent (an anti-aging agent) in a mass ratio of 35;
(2) Preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 15%;
(3) Preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading the central yarn 1 (viscose fiber yarn) into a micro-flow pressure relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 0.8MPa, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 2mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 1mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 2mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 5mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder is 450cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn was 10%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 400 Pa.s), a solution blowing spinning process is adopted, and the silk fibroin short fibers are sprayed and coated on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 with the twist of 400T/m;
wherein the solution blowing and spraying spinning process parameters are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.3MPa, and the flow rate is 1.3ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarn was woven into a top-bottom plain woven fabric, and the breaking strength of the plain woven fabric was measured to be 21.6cN/tex, the elongation at break was 22.7%, and the VOC emission was measured to be 0.008wt%.
Example 5
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixture (kaolin) of 55;
(2) Preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in 95% formic acid at 35 ℃ to obtain 12% spinning solution;
(3) Preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading a central yarn 1 (lyocell fiber filament) into a micro-flow pressure-relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 1MPa, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; wherein, the inner diameter of the central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 4mm, and the central pipeThe aperture of the side opening at the lower end of the channel is 2mm, the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is 4mm, and the depth of the feeding groove is 15mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder was 840cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the compounded polymer melt on the yarn was 17%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 250 Pa.s), a solution blowing spinning process is adopted, and the silk fibroin short fibers are sprayed and coated on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through the twisting action of a two-for-one twisting device 7, wherein the twist is 750T/m;
wherein the solution blowing and spraying spinning process parameters are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.2MPa, and the flow rate is 1.4ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarns were woven into one-over-one-under plain woven fabrics, and the plain woven fabrics were found to have a breaking strength of 20.6cN/tex, an elongation at break of 20.4%, a VOC emission of 0.013wt%, a UPF of 63, and a T (UVA) AV of 1.7%.
Example 6
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixture (citronellol), a polymer (low-melting point polyethylene terephthalate with the melting point of 110 ℃) and an auxiliary agent (softening agent) into a double-screw extruder 3 according to a mass ratio of 60;
(2) Preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at 25 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 12%;
(3) Preparing a composite yarn:
subjecting the compounded polymer obtained in step (1) toA double-screw extruder 3 which enters from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 and extrudes into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading a central yarn 1 (bamboo pulp fiber yarn) into a micro-flow pressure-relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 0.4MPa, and leading out a microflow pressure-relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 5mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 3mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 5mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 8mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder was 700cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the compounded polymer melt on the yarn was 13%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 600 Pa.s), adopting a solution blowing spinning process, and spraying silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 with the twist of 800T/m;
wherein, the technological parameters of the solution blowing and spraying spinning are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.3MPa, and the flow rate is 1.5ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarns were woven into plain woven fabrics one over the other, and the breaking strength of the plain woven fabric was measured to be 19.3cN/tex, the elongation at break was 25.7%, and the VOC emission was measured to be 0.009wt%.

Claims (5)

1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps: coating the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the yarn under a pressurizing condition, spraying the silk fibroin short fiber on the surface of the mixed polymer melt by adopting a solution blowing spinning process when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified, and twisting to prepare the environment-friendly composite yarn;
the mixed polymer is prepared by adding a certain proportion of mixed material, polymer and auxiliary agent into a double-screw extruder for melt mixing;
the mixed material is more than one of terpineol, citronellol and kaolin; the auxiliary agent is more than one of plasticizer, anti-aging agent, dispersant and softening agent;
the polymer in the mixed polymer melt is low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate, and the melting point of the polyethylene terephthalate is 110 to 150 ℃;
the yarn is cellulose staple fiber yarn and consists of cotton yarn, viscose yarn, lyocell fiber or bamboo pulp fiber yarn;
the melt viscosity of the coated mixed polymer melt is 250 to 600Pa s when the mixed polymer melt is not completely cooled and solidified;
the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn is 10 to 20 percent;
the spinning air pressure of the solution blowing spinning process is 0.2 to 0.3MPa;
coating the mixed polymer melt by adopting a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device;
the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device comprises a feeding pipe, a heating pipe, a central pipeline and a feeding tank; the feeding tank is formed by enclosing an inner closed hemispherical shell and an outer closed hemispherical shell which have downward spherical surfaces, a through hole is formed on the central axis of the feeding tank, the central pipeline is positioned in the through hole, the inner closed hemispherical shell and the outer closed hemispherical shell are fixedly connected with the central pipeline, and a plurality of holes communicated with the feeding tank are formed in the side surface of the lower part of the central pipeline; one end of the feeding pipe penetrates through the upper surface of the hemispherical shell of the outer layer and is connected into the feeding tank, and the other end of the feeding pipe is externally connected with the double-screw extruder; the heating pipe penetrates through the upper surface of the double-layer hemispherical shell and is connected to the inner part of the inner-layer hemispherical shell;
the inner diameter of the central pipeline is 2-5mm, the aperture of an opening on the side surface of the lower part of the central pipeline is 1-3mm, the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is 10-20mm, and the depth of the feeding groove is 5-15mm;
the extrusion capacity of the double-screw extruder is 450 to 840cm 3 /h；
The pressurizing condition is to apply a pressure of 0.4 to 1MPa.
2. The preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polymer to the mixed material to the auxiliary agent is 35 to 75.
3. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein a needle used in the solution blow spinning process is 21G, and the flow rate is 1.2 to 1.5ml/h.
4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spinning solution used in the solution blow spinning is prepared by dissolving silk fibroin in 95% formic acid at a temperature of 25-40 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mass fraction of the spinning solution is 10 to 15%.
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