CN115074485B - Metallurgical consumable body, preparation and application methods - Google Patents
Metallurgical consumable body, preparation and application methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN115074485B CN115074485B CN202210749366.3A CN202210749366A CN115074485B CN 115074485 B CN115074485 B CN 115074485B CN 202210749366 A CN202210749366 A CN 202210749366A CN 115074485 B CN115074485 B CN 115074485B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a metallurgical consumable body, which comprises an open-cell foam metal body, wherein a steel rod is embedded in the center of the open-cell foam metal body, the steel rod is longer than an open-cell foam metal cylinder, metal powder is filled in holes of the open-cell foam metal body, and the outer surface of the open-cell foam metal body is coated with iron sheets. Refining molten steel, regulating the [ O ] content in the molten steel, controlling the temperature of the molten steel to be more than 1600 ℃, enabling the clearance of a ladle tank to be 1000-1500 mm, inserting an open-cell foam metal cylinder of a metallurgical consumable body into the molten steel surface to be less than 100mm, and rotating the metallurgical consumable body at the same time, wherein the treatment time is 10-15 min. The invention realizes the production of high-purity molten steel and the effective addition of easily-oxidized alloy elements. Effectively reduces the impurity quantity of molten steel oxide and effectively improves the yield of easily oxidized alloy elements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a metallurgical consumable body, a preparation method and an application method.
Background
The improvement of the purity of the steel materials can bring about the improvement of the quality of the steel materials and the reduction of defects caused by inclusions, and is a technical problem which is concerned by metallurgical technology workers all the time. The decrease in purity in steel materials is caused by foreign and endogenous inclusions not being removed from molten steel and eventually remaining in the steel, and on one hand, the generation of inclusions in the molten steel and the introduction of foreign inclusions are controlled, and research is conducted on aspects of deoxidization and improvement of refractory materials, and on the other hand, various means are adopted to remove inclusions already existing in the molten steel, such as removal of inclusions by bubbles, removal of inclusions by calcium treatment, removal of inclusions by powder spraying, and the like.
Usually, the endogenous inclusion in the molten steel is an alloy deoxidization product, most of the endogenous inclusion is alumina inclusion, most of the alumina inclusion can gather and float upwards to discharge the molten steel, so that the phenomenon that the alumina inclusion in the molten steel can cause water gap blockage, steel surface and internal quality defects and the like is avoided, and a plurality of measures are taken by technological workers to avoid the occurrence of the situation.
In the literature of RH refining pure circulation time and influence of sedation time on IF steel cleanliness, total oxygen content can be effectively reduced before breaking by prolonging RH refining pure circulation time, and the total oxygen content and the number of inclusions are reduced by prolonging sedation time.
The literature, "state of the art for bubble removal inclusion and trends in development" mentions: the bubble inclusion removing mechanism shows that the bubble collision adhesion inclusion floating and the bubble wake flow carrying inclusion floating are two main modes of bubble inclusion removing, and the effect of the fine bubbles on the adhesion inclusion removing in steel is common, so that the effect of removing the bubble inclusion in steel by using the bubble collision adhesion inclusion floating and the bubble wake flow carrying inclusion floating is the same, and the effect and the application prospect of removing the bubble inclusion in steel by using the ladle argon blowing, ladle long nozzle argon blowing, reaction induced micro heterogeneous technology, tundish gas curtain wall, pressure increasing and reducing method, ultrasonic cavitation method, nitrogen increasing and nitrogen separating method, micro hydrogen bubble method and the like are compared and analyzed.
Literature X80 pipeline steel plate strip string-shaped CaO-Al 2 O 3 In the control of nonmetallic inclusion, a two-step calcium treatment mode is adopted, and CaO-Al with low melting point is generated before RH refining treatment 2 O 3 Inclusion is discharged in the RH refining process conveniently, then secondary calcium treatment is carried out on the continuous casting tundish, the calcium treatment efficiency is improved, and finally the following steps are realized: all inclusions detected in the steel sheet were high-melting CaO-CaS inclusions, and the class B inclusion rating was reduced from a conventional rating of less than 2.0 to a rating of 0. The research of the calcium treatment is relatively extensive, the mechanism is relatively clear, but how to realize the best calcium treatment effect is not unified at present, and it can be seen that the controllability of the calcium treatment process is not strong, more limiting factors are needed, and further research is needed.
The literature "research on technology for removing fine inclusions in molten steel by reaction induced tiny heterogeneous phase" mentions an innovative inclusion removal method: independently designing a composite sphere which is decomposed at a certain temperature, adding molten steel, decomposing the composite sphere to release micro bubbles and fine slag drops, and forming a dynamic filtering mesh screen in the floating process of the slag drops and the bubbles to bring nonmetallic inclusions in the molten steel to a steel slag layer to remove the molten steel. The research shows that the technical method is advanced, but the composite sphere is difficult to be added into the depth of molten steel, and the using effect is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a metallurgical consumable body and a refining method adopting the metallurgical consumable body, and the metallurgical consumable body can realize the production of high-purity molten steel and the effective addition of easily-oxidized alloy elements.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a metallurgical consumable body comprises an open-cell foam metal body, wherein a steel rod is inlaid in the center of the open-cell foam metal body and longer than an open-cell foam metal cylinder, metal powder is filled in holes of the open-cell foam metal body, and the outer surface of the open-cell foam metal body is coated with iron sheets.
The pore size of the open-cell foam metal body is 3 mm-10 mm, and the porosity is 60% -80%.
The open-cell foam metal matrix is one or more of aluminum, magnesium, calcium and titanium.
The volume of the open-cell foam metal body is 3-5 times of that of the steel bar.
The thickness of the iron sheet is 1 mm-2 mm.
The metal powder comprises calcium carbonate and calcium oxide with granularity of 1 mm-3 mm or magnesium oxide and calcium oxide with granularity of 0.2 mm-1 mm.
A method for preparing metallurgical consumable body includes drilling a hole in the center of a cylindrical body of open-cell foam metal, embedding steel bars in the center of the cylindrical body of open-cell foam metal, filling metal powder into holes of the cylindrical body of open-cell foam metal, cold isostatic pressing for 100-300 MPa and static pressure time for 10-30 min, and wrapping a layer of iron sheet outside the cylindrical body of open-cell foam metal.
A refining method for metallurgical consumable body includes such steps as refining molten steel, regulating its O content to higher than 1600 deg.C, cleaning ladle by 1000-1500 mm, inserting the cylindrical body of open-cell foam metal in the consumable body to less than 100mm, and rotating the consumable body at 40-60 r/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the metallurgical consumable body is completely consumed in the refining process, and has a beneficial effect on refining. Adopts a metallurgical consumable body refining method to realize the production of high-purity molten steel and the effective addition of easily oxidized alloy elements. Effectively reduces the impurity quantity of molten steel oxide and effectively improves the yield of easily oxidized alloy elements. Realizing molten steel T [ O ]]Less than 0.001 percent, and the quantity density of oxide inclusions of 0.2 mu m to 5 mu m of casting blank is less than 1000 per mm 2 Oxide inclusion number density of 5-10 μm is less than 20/mm 2 。
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Taking ST16 steel as a test object, selecting 2 nd and 3 rd tank steels in the same casting time according to the smelting route of BOF, RH and CC, wherein the 2 nd tank adopts metallurgical consumable body refining, and the 3 rd tank adopts conventional metallurgical smelting. The inclusion analysis is carried out on a steady-state blank cast by two cans of steel, the steel grade composition is shown in table 1, and the specific steps are as follows:
table 1: ST16 steel grade component (% mass percent content)
| C | Si | Mn | S | P | Als | Ti |
| ≤0.0030 | ≤0.02 | 0.10～0.15 | ≤0.01 | ≤0.01 | 0.02～0.04 | ≤0.2 |
1) Preparing a metallurgical consumable body, selecting a steel rod with the diameter of 20cm, a magnesium open-cell foam metal cylinder, wherein the diameter of a hole of the magnesium open-cell foam metal cylinder is 5mm, the porosity is 60%, the outer diameter of the cylinder is 60cm, embedding the steel rod into the open-cell foam metal, and selecting composite powder with the granularity of 2mm (calcium carbonate: calcium oxide = 1: 9) Filling the magnesium open-cell foam metal into holes of the open-cell foam metal, carrying out cold isostatic pressing at 200MPa for 15min, and wrapping a 1.5mm thick iron sheet on the outer layer of the magnesium open-cell foam metal cylinder;
2) After RH decarburization, [ O ]% ] in molten steel: 0.015% [ S ]%:0.0020% of molten steel temperature: 1620 ℃, the clearance of a ladle can is 1200mm, 200 tons of molten steel in the ladle is added with 600kg of metallurgical consumable body (the weight of a steel rod is removed), the metallurgical consumable body is inserted into the steel liquid surface below 120mm, and meanwhile, the metallurgical consumable body rod is rotated at the rotating speed of 50r/min for 10min;
analysis and inspection were performed using SEM-EDS and ASPEX automated analysis software with an inspection area of 8mm 2 The results were as follows:
table 2: casting blank inclusion inspection result
As can be seen from Table 1, the number density of inclusions ranging from 0.2 μm to 5 μm in the 2 nd tank casting blank using the metallurgical consumable body was 620 pieces/mm 2 The number density of inclusions ranging from 5 mu m to 10 mu m is 7/mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the No metallurgical consumable body is applied, the number density of 0.2 mu m-5 mu m inclusions of the 3 rd tank casting blank is 907 pieces/mm 2 The number density of inclusions ranging from 5 mu m to 10 mu m is 24/mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The metallurgical consumable body can be used for effectively removing nonmetallic oxide inclusions in molten steel and improving the cleanliness of steel types.
Example 2
And (3) taking ST16 steel as a test object, and comparing and analyzing the application effect of the metallurgical consumable body.
The smelting route is BOF-RH-CC, 3 rd and 4 th steel cans are selected from the same casting time, wherein the 3 rd steel can adopts a metallurgical consumable body, the 4 th steel can adopts conventional metallurgy, a steady-state blank cast by the two steel cans is taken for carrying out inclusion analysis, and the steel type composition is shown in Table 3, and the specific steps are as follows:
table 3: ST16 steel grade component (% mass percent content)
| C | Si | Mn | S | P | Als | Ti |
| ≤0.0030 | ≤0.02 | 0.10～0.15 | ≤0.01 | ≤0.01 | 0.02～0.04 | ≤0.2 |
1) Preparing a metallurgical consumable body, namely selecting a steel rod with the diameter of 25cm, and selecting a magnesium open-cell foam metal cylinder, wherein the diameter of a hole of the magnesium open-cell foam metal cylinder is 6mm, and the porosity is 70%; the outer diameter of the cylinder was 100cm. Embedding a steel bar into a magnesium open-cell foam metal cylinder, selecting composite powder (calcium carbonate: calcium oxide=1:9) with granularity of 5mm, filling the composite powder into holes of the magnesium open-cell foam metal cylinder, performing cold isostatic pressing at 300MPa for 20min, and wrapping the outer layer of the magnesium open-cell foam metal cylinder with iron sheets with thickness of 2 mm;
2) After RH decarburization, [ O ]% ] in molten steel: 0.02%, [ S ]%:0.0030% of molten steel temperature: 1615 ℃, the clearance of a ladle tank is 1400mm, 200 tons of molten steel in the ladle is added with 800kg of consumable body (the weight of a steel rod is removed), a metallurgical consumable body rod is inserted into the steel liquid surface for 130mm or less, and meanwhile, the metallurgical consumable body rod is rotated at the rotating speed of 60r/min, and the treatment time is 15min;
analysis and inspection were performed using SEM-EDS and ASPEX automated analysis software with an inspection area of 8mm 2 The results were as follows:
table 4: casting blank inclusion inspection result
As can be seen from Table 4, the number density of inclusions ranging from 0.2 μm to 5 μm in the 3 rd tank casting blank using the consumable body was 650Individual/mm 2 The number density of inclusions ranging from 5 mu m to 10 mu m is 7/mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the No metallurgical consumable body is applied, the number density of 0.2 mu m-5 mu m inclusions of the 4 th tank casting blank is 1100 pieces/mm 2 The number density of inclusions ranging from 5 mu m to 10 mu m is 26 per mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The metallurgical consumable body can be used for effectively removing nonmetallic oxide inclusions in molten steel and improving the cleanliness of steel types.
Example 3
And (3) taking ST16 steel as a test object, and comparing and analyzing the application effect of the metallurgical consumable body.
The smelting route is BOF-RH-CC, the same casting times of 2 nd and 3 rd can steels are selected, wherein the 2 nd can uses a metallurgical consumable body, the 3 rd can uses conventional metallurgy as a comparison can, a steady-state billet cast by two cans of steels is taken for inclusion analysis, and the steel type composition requirements are shown in a table 5, and the specific steps are as follows:
table 5: ST16 steel grade component (% mass percent content)
| C | Si | Mn | S | P | Als | Ti |
| ≤0.0030 | ≤0.02 | 0.10～0.15 | ≤0.01 | ≤0.01 | 0.02～0.04 | ≤0.2 |
1) Preparing a metallurgical consumable body, and taking the granularity of calcium oxide powder: 0.5mm, taking a steel bar with the diameter of 25cm, embedding the steel bar in the center of an open-cell foam metal cylinder (pure aluminum material, hole diameter: 5mm, porosity: 70%), wherein the outer diameter of the open-cell foam metal cylinder is 80cm, the steel bar is longer than the cylinder, filling the open-cell foam metal with calcium oxide powder, cold isostatic pressing for 100MPa, and the time is 10min, and wrapping an iron sheet with the thickness of 1mm on the outer layer;
2) After the 2 nd ladle RH is completely deoxidized, the molten steel temperature is 1610 ℃, the clearance of the ladle is 1100mm, the molten steel in the ladle is 200 tons, according to the component requirements of steel types, the component aluminum target is selected to be 0.03 percent, a metallurgical consumable rod is used for adding the component aluminum, the metallurgical consumable rod is inserted into the molten steel surface for less than 110mm, and meanwhile, the consumable rod is rotated at the rotating speed of 40r/min for 12min; after the 3 rd tank RH is completely deoxidized, the temperature of molten steel is 1609 ℃, the clearance of a ladle tank is 1100mm, 200 tons of molten steel are contained in the ladle, according to the component requirements of steel types, the component aluminum target is selected to be 0.03%, and an aluminum line segment wire feeder is used for adding component aluminum;
after taking RH complete deoxidization, carrying out chemical component inspection on the RH moving steel sample, and the specific results are shown in Table 6:
table 6: comparative analysis of aluminum yield
As can be seen from the results in Table 6, the addition of the component aluminum in tank 2 by the consumable body method improves the aluminum yield by 10% from 60% to 70% compared with the addition of the component aluminum in tank 3 by the wire feeding method.
Example 4:
the ST16 steel is used as a test object, the application effect of a metallurgical consumable body is compared and analyzed, the smelting route is BOF-RH-CC, 3 rd and 4 th steel cans are selected from the same casting time, wherein the 3 rd steel can is used as the consumable body, the 4 th steel can is used as the comparison tank to be subjected to conventional metallurgy, the steady-state blank cast by the two steel cans is taken for carrying out inclusion analysis, the steel grade component requirements are shown in Table 7, and the specific steps are as follows:
table 7: ST16 steel grade component (% mass percent content)
| C | Si | Mn | S | P | Als | Ti |
| ≤0.0030 | ≤0.02 | 0.10～0.15 | ≤0.01 | ≤0.01 | 0.02～0.04 | ≤0.2 |
1) Preparing a consumable body for improving alloy yield, and taking the granularity of calcium oxide powder: 1mm, taking a steel bar with the diameter of 20cm, embedding the steel bar in the center of an open-cell foam metal cylinder (pure aluminum material, hole diameter: 3mm and porosity: 75%), wherein the diameter of the open-cell foam metal cylinder is 70cm, the steel bar is longer than the cylinder, filling the open-cell foam metal with calcium oxide powder, cold isostatic pressing for 150MPa for 15min, and wrapping an outer layer with a layer of iron sheet with the thickness of 1.5 mm;
2) After the 3 rd ladle RH is completely deoxidized, the molten steel temperature is 1605 ℃, the clearance of a ladle is 1000mm, the molten steel in the ladle is 200 tons, according to the component requirements of steel types, the component aluminum target is selected to be 0.04 percent, a consumable rod is used for adding the component aluminum, the consumable rod is inserted into the liquid level of the steel for 120mm, and meanwhile, the consumable rod is rotated at the rotating speed of 50r/min for 15min; after the 3 rd tank RH is completely deoxidized, the molten steel temperature is 1610 ℃, the clearance of a ladle tank is 1050mm, the molten steel in the ladle is 200 tons, according to the component requirements of steel types, the component aluminum target is selected to be 0.04%, and an aluminum line segment wire feeder is used for adding the component aluminum;
after taking RH complete deoxidization, carrying out chemical component inspection on the RH moving steel sample, and the specific results are shown in Table 8:
table 8: comparative analysis of aluminum yield
As shown in Table 8, the yield of aluminum was improved by 16% from 62% to 78% by the 3 rd tank feeding the component aluminum by the consumable body method compared with the 4 th tank feeding the component aluminum by the wire method.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The metallurgical consumable body is characterized by comprising an open-cell foam metal body, wherein a steel rod is embedded in the center of the open-cell foam metal body, the steel rod is longer than the open-cell foam metal body, composite powder is filled in holes of the open-cell foam metal body, an iron sheet is coated on the outer surface of the open-cell foam metal body, and the open-cell foam metal body is one or more of aluminum, magnesium, calcium and titanium; the composite powder comprises calcium carbonate and calcium oxide with granularity of 1-3 mm or magnesium oxide and calcium oxide with granularity of 0.2-1 mm.
2. A metallurgical consumable according to claim 1 wherein the open cell foam metal body has a pore size of from 3mm to 10mm and a porosity of from 60% to 80%.
3. A metallurgical consumable according to claim 1 wherein the open cell foam metal body has a volume of 3 to 5 times that of the steel rod.
4. The metallurgical consumable of claim 1, wherein the sheet iron is 1mm to 2mm thick.
5. A method for preparing a metallurgical consumable body according to claim 1, wherein the center of the open-cell foam metal body is drilled, a steel rod is embedded in the center of the open-cell foam metal body, the composite powder is filled into the holes of the open-cell foam metal body, cold isostatic pressing is carried out for 100 MPa-300 MPa, the static pressure time is 10 min-30 min, and a layer of iron sheet is wrapped outside the open-cell foam metal body.
6. A refining method of a metallurgical consumable body according to claim 1, wherein the molten steel is refined, the [ O ] content in the molten steel is regulated, the temperature of the molten steel is more than 1600 ℃, the clearance of a ladle tank is 1000-1500 mm, an open-cell foam metal body of the metallurgical consumable body is inserted into the liquid surface of the steel for less than 100mm, and the metallurgical consumable body is rotated at the same time, and the rotating speed is 40-60 r/min.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1758663B1 (en) * | 1968-07-17 | 1971-04-15 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Treatment agent for molten iron |
| FR2123860A5 (en) * | 1971-02-03 | 1972-09-15 | Aikoh Co | Titanium alloy - for addition to molten steel in blocks or sheets |
| SU576970A3 (en) * | 1973-08-03 | 1977-10-15 | Н.Л.Индастриз Инк (Фирма) | Addition for treatment of metal with magnesium and magnesium alloys |
| SU885282A1 (en) * | 1980-04-08 | 1981-11-30 | Днепропетровский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Металлургический Институт | "magtit" material for treating iron-carbon melts |
| FR2630131B1 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1990-08-03 | Affival | PROCESS FOR DESULFURIZING THE CAST |
| JP2001040412A (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2001-02-13 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method for adding titanium into molten steel and titanium additive |
| JP2016084499A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-05-19 | 大阪鋼灰株式会社 | Powdery lime for refining |
| CN106755745B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-10-23 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Titanium sponge is to the titanium alloyed method of molten steel |
| CN111111320B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-11-02 | 武汉科技大学 | Magnesium oxide-based filter with multi-pore structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111485067B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-04-29 | 浙江澄宇环保新材料股份有限公司 | Slag former for steel refining and preparation method thereof |
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