CN115073047A - Concrete admixture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete admixture and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115073047A CN115073047A CN202210599944.XA CN202210599944A CN115073047A CN 115073047 A CN115073047 A CN 115073047A CN 202210599944 A CN202210599944 A CN 202210599944A CN 115073047 A CN115073047 A CN 115073047A
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- isocyanate
- shell
- admixture
- concrete
- hollow shell
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N methyl (2s)-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H](N=C=O)CCCCN=C=O AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [cyclohexyl(diisocyanato)methyl]cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N=C=O)(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 shale Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018516 Al—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910014472 Ca—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus Chemical compound P12P3P1P32 OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000005335 volcanic glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a concrete admixture and a preparation method thereof. The invention develops a product which comprises the following components: a hollow core-shell structure admixture; the admixture with the hollow core-shell structure comprises a shell and an inner core; the outer shell is a mineral with volcanic ash activity; the inner core is filled with isocyanate; the filling amount of the isocyanate is 1-3% of the mass of the admixture with the hollow core-shell structure, the porosity of the shell is 3-5%, and the pores are filled with paraffin; in addition, the inner core also comprises a coupling agent accounting for 5-15% of the mass of the isocyanate. When the product is prepared, the product is finally obtained by spraying granulation, isocyanate filling and paraffin coating in sequence to seal the pores.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials. And more particularly, to a concrete admixture and a method of preparing the same.
Background
The mineral admixture is a mineral powder material which takes one or more oxides of silicon, aluminum, calcium and the like as main components, partially replaces cement, regulates and improves the performance of concrete, and the mixing amount is not less than 5 percent generally. The mineral admixture can produce two effects when used in concrete: the first is particle filling to improve the particle composition of the cementing material, and the second is potential hydration activity to generate stable and cementitious substances. Based on the action effect of mineral admixtures, they can be divided into two categories, filled and active admixtures. The filling type admixture is a mineral admixture with the main function of improving the grain composition of the cementing material, and has lower activity, such as ground stone powder, low-activity natural volcanic ash materials, granulated blast furnace slag, electric furnace phosphorous slag, fly ash and the like with quality not meeting corresponding technical specifications. The active admixture is a mineral admixture which can improve the grain composition of the cementing material and has potential hydration activity, and is a glass body mainly composed of Si-O, Al-O, Ca-O, and has hydration activity or potential hydration activity because the structure of the glass body is a thermodynamically unstable body.
Common active admixture materials comprise slag, phosphorous slag powder, fly ash, silica powder and natural pozzolanic materials, and can be divided into two types, namely natural pozzolanic materials and artificial pozzolanic materials according to sources. The main chemical component of the natural pozzolanic material is SiO2, and the secondary chemical component is Al2O3, and the potential hydration activity of the natural pozzolanic material is related to the content of vitreous bodies. Natural pozzolanic materials can be classified into volcanic vitreous materials and siliceous materials according to their vitreous content. A volcanic glass material is a silicate, aluminosilicate glass body formed from volcanic eruption of melt, such as pumice, tuff (zeolite), etc.; siliceous materials are generally silica deposited from solution or converted from organic matter, and common materials are diatomaceous earth, kieselguhr, opals, and flints, the active ingredient of which is predominantly amorphous silica or silica gel. The artificial pozzolanic material refers to typical industrial byproducts generated in metallurgical industry, power plants, copper plants, yellow phosphorus plants and the like, such as blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica powder, copper slag, phosphorus slag and the like. Researches show that the materials such as clay, shale, kaolin, rice husk and the like have certain volcanic ash activity after being calcined. Thus "calcined materials" are included in the category of artificial pozzolanic materials.
The mineral admixtures vary the setting time of the concrete to varying degrees due to differences in chemical composition and structure, grain composition, specific surface area, thermodynamic properties, etc. Therefore, how to reasonably utilize the mineral admixture to achieve the purpose of enhancing the advantages and avoiding the disadvantages and effectively improving the comprehensive performance of the concrete is one of the technical problems faced by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the concrete admixture can not be uniformly improved in performance because the existing concrete admixture is small in addition amount and the concrete is a complex system with high viscosity in the using process, and therefore, the concrete admixture can not be rapidly and effectively diffused and permeated in the concrete system in the using process, and the concrete admixture and the preparation method thereof are provided.
The invention aims to provide a concrete admixture.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a concrete admixture.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a concrete admixture comprising: a hollow core-shell structure admixture; the admixture with the hollow core-shell structure comprises a shell and an inner core; the outer shell is a mineral with volcanic ash activity; the inner core is filled with isocyanate; the filling amount of the isocyanate is 1-3% of the mass of the admixture with the hollow core-shell structure.
The technical scheme takes a hollow core-shell structure as an admixture, takes a mineral with pozzolanic activity as a shell and takes isocyanate as an inner core, because the pozzolanic activity mineral can participate in the hydration reaction of cement, which plays a positive role in the strength development of concrete, and because the reaction substantially produces a secondary hydration reaction of calcium hydroxide and high-alkaline hydrated calcium silicate due to the hydration of the pozzolanic activity mineral and cement clinker, the reaction has hysteresis, therefore, the pozzolanic activity mineral serves as the shell, and the reaction has time difference, so that the admixture can be ensured to be dispersed for a sufficient time; in addition, the isocyanate is added because the isocyanate can react with water quickly after the volcanic ash mineral absorbs water, so that carbon dioxide is generated, and due to the generation of gas, the volcanic ash mineral particles can be disintegrated into small particles and are easy to diffuse, and meanwhile, the disintegrated volcanic ash mineral particles can be rapidly pushed to diffuse, so that a positive disturbance effect is achieved; if the amount of the isocyanate added is too small, the particles are liable to fail to disintegrate and diffuse normally due to insufficient addition, while if the amount is too large, the by-product of the isocyanate and water is liable to cause a risk of lowering the strength of the cement, and when the amount falls within the above-defined range, a good balance can be achieved.
Further, the porosity of the shell is 3-5%, and the pores are filled with paraffin.
Above-mentioned technical scheme is through setting up the hole on the shell to isocyanate gets into easily when being prepared, and simultaneously, the rate of regulation and control isocyanate and water reaction can effectively be played in the setting of porosity size, thereby can regulate and control the opportunity that the granule disintegrates, avoids disintegrating at the excessive speed and leads to a large amount of fine particles to float on the concrete surface layer, can't play even reinforcing effect to the whole.
Further, the shell is selected from any one of blast furnace slag, fly ash, silicon powder, calcined clay, calcined shale, calcined kaolin and calcined rice hull.
Further, the inner core also comprises a coupling agent accounting for 5-15% of the mass of the isocyanate.
Further, the coupling agent is selected from any one of a silane coupling agent, a phthalate coupling agent and an aluminate coupling agent.
Further, the isocyanate is selected from: toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, or lysine diisocyanate.
A preparation method of concrete admixture comprises the following concrete preparation steps:
spray granulation: spray drying is adopted to carry out spray granulation on the slurry containing the volcanic ash active minerals to obtain a hollow shell;
filling with isocyanate: then dipping the obtained hollow shell into isocyanate, and controlling the filling amount of the isocyanate to be 1-3%;
and (3) paraffin coating: and then the hollow shell is coated by paraffin so as to seal the surface pores.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
when the hollow shell obtained is impregnated with isocyanate, a coupling agent is added in an amount of 5-15% by mass of the isocyanate.
Further, the isocyanate fill comprises:
weighing the mass of the hollow shell, soaking the hollow shell in isocyanate, performing ultrasonic impregnation, taking out the hollow shell, drying, adjusting the mass of the impregnated hollow shell through drying, and controlling the mass increment of the hollow shell to be 1-3%.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1
Spray granulation:
mixing volcanic ash active minerals and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 3, mixing and pouring the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the water mass being 1%, then carrying out ball milling and mixing for 4 hours under the condition that the ball milling rotating speed is 600r/min, pumping ball milling slurry into a spray dryer, carrying out spray granulation under the conditions that the feeding speed is 50g/min, the air inlet temperature is 120 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and adjusting the porosity of a spray drying product to be 3% by comprehensively adjusting the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol and spray drying process parameters such as temperature, feeding speed and the like to obtain a hollow shell;
the pozzolanic active mineral is selected from blast furnace slag;
filling with isocyanate:
weighing the mass of the hollow shell, mixing the hollow shell with isocyanate, carrying out ultrasonic impregnation for 30min at the temperature of 10 ℃ and the ultrasonic frequency of 60kHz, taking out the hollow shell, drying, adjusting the mass of the impregnated hollow shell through drying, and controlling the mass increment of the hollow shell to be 1%; in addition, whether a coupling agent accounting for 5% of the mass of the isocyanate is added or not during the ultrasonic impregnation has no influence on the increase of the mass of the hollow shell, in other words, the case where the isocyanate is replaced by a part of the coupling agent is considered;
the isocyanate is selected from: toluene diisocyanate;
the coupling agent is selected from a silane coupling agent KH-560;
and (3) paraffin coating:
then, coating the hollow shell by paraffin to seal the surface pores; specifically, during coating, the melted paraffin and the hollow shell are stirred and mixed at room temperature, so that the paraffin is gradually solidified and the pores on the surface of the hollow shell are directly coated.
Example 2
Spray granulation:
mixing volcanic ash active minerals and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 5, mixing and pouring the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the water mass being 2%, then carrying out ball milling and mixing for 5 hours under the condition that the ball milling rotating speed is 700r/min, pumping ball milling slurry into a spray dryer, carrying out spray granulation under the conditions that the feeding speed is 80g/min, the air inlet temperature is 130 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is 85 ℃, and adjusting the porosity of a spray drying product to be 4% by comprehensively adjusting the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol and spray drying process parameters such as temperature, feeding speed and the like to obtain a hollow shell;
the volcanic ash active mineral is selected from fly ash;
filling with isocyanate:
weighing the mass of the hollow shell, mixing the hollow shell with isocyanate, carrying out ultrasonic impregnation for 35min at the temperature of 15 ℃ and the ultrasonic frequency of 70kHz, taking out the hollow shell, drying, adjusting the mass of the impregnated hollow shell through drying, and controlling the mass increment of the hollow shell to be 2%;
the isocyanate is selected from: isophorone diisocyanate;
the coupling agent is selected from a silane coupling agent KH-550;
and (3) paraffin coating:
then, coating the hollow shell by paraffin to seal the surface pores; specifically, during coating, the melted paraffin and the hollow shell are stirred and mixed at room temperature, so that the paraffin is gradually solidified and the pores on the surface of the hollow shell are directly coated.
Example 3
Spray granulation:
mixing volcanic ash active minerals and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, pouring into a ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the water mass being 3%, then, ball milling and mixing for 6 hours under the condition that the ball milling rotating speed is 800r/min, pumping ball milling slurry into a spray dryer, carrying out spray granulation under the conditions that the feeding speed is 100g/min, the air inlet temperature is 140 ℃ and the air outlet temperature is 90 ℃, and adjusting the porosity of a spray drying product to be 5% by comprehensively adjusting the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol and the technological parameters of spray drying, such as temperature, feeding speed and the like to obtain a hollow shell;
the pozzolanic active mineral is selected from calcined clays;
filling with isocyanate:
weighing the mass of the hollow shell, mixing the hollow shell with isocyanate, carrying out ultrasonic impregnation for 40min at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the ultrasonic frequency of 80kHz, taking out the hollow shell, drying, adjusting the mass of the impregnated hollow shell through drying, and controlling the mass increment of the hollow shell to be 3%; in addition, a coupling agent with 15 percent of the mass of isocyanate is added in the ultrasonic dipping process, and whether the coupling agent is added or not has no influence on the increment of the mass of the hollow shell, in other words, the situation that partial coupling agent is used for replacing isocyanate is considered;
the isocyanate is selected from: lysine diisocyanate;
the coupling agent is selected from phthalate ester coupling agents;
and (3) paraffin coating:
then, coating the hollow shell by paraffin to seal the surface pores; specifically, during coating, the melted paraffin and the hollow shell are stirred and mixed at room temperature, so that the paraffin is gradually solidified and the pores on the surface of the hollow shell are directly coated.
Example 4
This example differs from comparative example 1 in that: the porosity of the spray-dried product was adjusted to 8%, the remaining conditions being kept constant.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: no isocyanate was added and the remaining conditions were kept unchanged.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: nano calcium carbonate is adopted to replace volcanic ash active minerals, and the rest conditions are kept unchanged.
The products obtained in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested for their performance, and the specific test methods and test results are as follows:
the C30 common concrete with the water-cement ratio of 0.47 is taken as a test object, and the ingredient table of the C30 common concrete is shown in Table 1; in a mode of replacing cement by the products obtained in examples 1-4 or comparative examples 1-2 in an equivalent manner, the mixing amount of the products of the above examples is controlled to be 10%, cuboid concrete test blocks with the size of 20cm × 20cm × 10cm are prepared, after the concrete is hardened, the concrete test blocks are cut into two blocks with the same size, which are marked as test blocks 1 and 2, the 28d compressive strength of the test blocks is respectively tested, and the specific test results are shown in table 2;
table 1: ingredient list of C30 common concrete
| Cement/kg/m 3 | Sand/kg/m 3 | Pebbles/kg/m 3 | Water/kg/m 3 | Slump/mm |
| 306 | 680 | 1180 | 145 | 75 |
Table 2: product performance test results
| Test block 1 compressive strength/MPa | 2 compression strength/MPa of test block | |
| Example 1 | 46.72 | 46.65 |
| Example 2 | 47.55 | 48.23 |
| Example 3 | 47.13 | 47.19 |
| Example 4 | 45.23 | 46.34 |
| Comparative example 1 | 44.24 | 42.22 |
| Comparative example 2 | 43.35 | 44.98 |
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, the differences of the compressive strengths of the test blocks of the product obtained by the invention at different positions are small and can be basically ignored; the different parts of the comparative example product are obviously different, and the compression strengths of the test blocks 1 and 2 have no obvious rule, which is true, because the imbalance causes that the specific strength values of the two test blocks cannot be controlled to be balanced, and the specific numerical values have randomness.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A concrete admixture, comprising: a hollow core-shell structure admixture; the admixture with the hollow core-shell structure comprises a shell and an inner core; the outer shell is a mineral with volcanic ash activity; the inner core is filled with isocyanate; the filling amount of the isocyanate is 1-3% of the mass of the admixture with the hollow core-shell structure.
2. A concrete admixture according to claim 1 wherein the shell porosity is 3-5% and the pores are filled with paraffin wax.
3. The concrete admixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein said shell is selected from any one of blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, calcined clay, calcined shale, calcined kaolin, calcined rice husk.
4. The admixture for concrete of claim 1 further comprising a coupling agent in an amount of 5 to 15% by weight of isocyanate in said core.
5. The admixture for concrete according to claim 1, wherein said coupling agent is any one selected from the group consisting of a silane coupling agent, a phthalate coupling agent and an aluminate coupling agent.
6. A concrete admixture as defined in claim 1 wherein said isocyanate is selected from the group consisting of: toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, or lysine diisocyanate.
7. A method of preparing a concrete admixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
and (3) spray granulation: spray drying is adopted to carry out spray granulation on the slurry containing the volcanic ash active minerals to obtain a hollow shell;
filling with isocyanate: then dipping the obtained hollow shell into isocyanate, and controlling the filling amount of the isocyanate to be 1-3%;
and (3) paraffin coating: and then the hollow shell is coated by paraffin so as to seal the surface pores.
8. The method for preparing the concrete admixture according to claim 7, wherein the concrete preparation steps comprise:
when the hollow shell obtained is impregnated with isocyanate, a coupling agent is added in an amount of 5-15% by mass of the isocyanate.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the isocyanate filling comprises:
weighing the mass of the hollow shell, soaking the hollow shell in isocyanate, ultrasonically dipping, taking out the hollow shell, drying, adjusting the mass of the dipped hollow shell by drying, and controlling the mass increment of the hollow shell to be 1-3%.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130302613A1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-11-14 | Hocim Technolog Ltd. | Microcapsule |
| US20190300430A1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | Wuhan University Of Technology | Electromagnetically-induced cement concrete crack self-healing diisocyanate microcapsules and their preparation method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130302613A1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-11-14 | Hocim Technolog Ltd. | Microcapsule |
| US20190300430A1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | Wuhan University Of Technology | Electromagnetically-induced cement concrete crack self-healing diisocyanate microcapsules and their preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 蒋正武: "《水泥基自修复材料：理论与方法》", 31 January 2018, 同济大学出版社 * |
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