CN115072987B - Preparation method of active optical fiber with octagonal inner cladding structure - Google Patents
Preparation method of active optical fiber with octagonal inner cladding structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN115072987B CN115072987B CN202211002485.9A CN202211002485A CN115072987B CN 115072987 B CN115072987 B CN 115072987B CN 202211002485 A CN202211002485 A CN 202211002485A CN 115072987 B CN115072987 B CN 115072987B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/018—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD] by glass deposition on a glass substrate, e.g. by inside-, modified-, plasma-, or plasma modified- chemical vapour deposition [ICVD, MCVD, PCVD, PMCVD], i.e. by thin layer coating on the inside or outside of a glass tube or on a glass rod
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02395—Glass optical fibre with a protective coating, e.g. two layer polymer coating deposited directly on a silica cladding surface during fibre manufacture
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/02—External structure or shape details
- C03B2203/04—Polygonal outer cross-section, e.g. triangular, square
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/32—Eccentric core or cladding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an active optical fiber with an octagonal inner cladding structure, which adopts MCVD technology to prepare an active optical fiber prefabricated rod doped with rare earth ions, and after the prefabricated rod is prepared, the traditional process of sleeving a quartz tube on the prefabricated rod and then processing, grinding and polishing the prefabricated rod into an octagonal shape is omitted, namely, the prefabricated rod is directly fixed in the center of the quartz tube which is processed into the octagonal shape through two specially designed and processed fixed gaskets, and a prefabricated rod assembly formed by assembly is drawn into the active optical fiber through high-temperature burning shrinkage in a wire drawing link. The new process method effectively improves the preparation efficiency and quality of the octagonal active optical fiber, and solves the problems of poor geometric precision, interlayer bubbles and the like caused by the preform sleeving link; the method omits a sleeving process, reduces the preparation flow, saves the sleeving time in the preparation process of the octagonal optical fiber, and has great significance for improving the mass production quality and the capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber manufacturing technology, in particular to a preparation method of an active optical fiber with an octagonal inner cladding structure.
Background
The MCVD process is the most commonly used method in the optical fiber preform fabrication process. The conventional preparation method is that a rare earth ion doped prefabricated rod is prepared by an MCVD (modified chemical vapor deposition) process, then a quartz tube with proper size is sleeved outside the rare earth ion doped prefabricated rod according to the proportion of a fiber core and a cladding, after the sleeving is finished, the sleeved prefabricated rod is processed into an octagonal structure on a grinding machine according to the designed size, and then the octagonal structure rare earth ion doped active optical fiber is drawn. The conventional method easily causes the problems of poor geometric precision of the active optical fiber, introduction of impurities and bubbles in an interlayer and the like if the operation is improper in the sleeving process; and the operation procedures are more, and the yield is low. The octagon active optical fiber inner cladding is used for transmitting pump light, if there are bubble and impurity in the inner cladding, can lead to transmission loss to increase, and the easy emergence is generated heat and is burnt out when the high power moreover, influences the quality and the performance of optic fibre. How to reduce bubbles and impurities in the sleeving process becomes a key for improving the product quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the state of the art and the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing an active optical fiber with an octagonal inner cladding structure. The method adopts MCVD technology to prepare the rare earth ion doped active optical fiber prefabricated rod, after the prefabricated rod is prepared, the traditional process of sleeving a quartz tube outside the prefabricated rod and then processing and grinding and polishing the prefabricated rod into an octagonal shape is omitted, but two fixed gaskets specially designed and processed are used for directly fixing the prefabricated rod in the center of the quartz tube which is processed into the octagonal shape, and a prefabricated rod assembly formed by assembly is subjected to high-temperature burning and shrinking in a wire drawing link to be drawn into the octagonal active optical fiber. The new process method effectively improves the preparation efficiency and quality of the octagonal active optical fiber, eliminates the problems of poor geometric precision, interlayer bubbles and the like caused by the preform sleeving link, and greatly improves the production efficiency and yield of the octagonal active optical fiber.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the preparation method of the active optical fiber with the octagonal inner cladding structure comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a rare earth ion doped active optical fiber preform by adopting an MCVD (metal chemical vapor deposition) process.
And step two, selecting a quartz sleeve according to the core cladding ratio of the prepared optical fiber, and processing the selected quartz sleeve into an octagon shape on a grinding machine.
And thirdly, selecting a quartz tube with the diameter the same as that of the octagonal quartz sleeve and the wall thickness of 2-3 mm, sealing one end of the quartz tube, punching a hole in the side face of the lower end of the quartz tube, connecting a small quartz tube with the diameter of 5mm and the wall thickness of 1mm at the punching position, and taking the whole connected quartz tube as a tail tube.
Selecting a first quartz column with the diameter same as that of the tail pipe and the length of 5-6 cm, punching the center of the first quartz column, punching the center hole with the diameter of the center hole 0.2-0.5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the rare earth ion-doped active optical fiber perform, the depth of the center hole 2-3 cm, and punching a small through hole with the diameter of 4-5 mm at the position 2-3 mm away from the edge of the center hole on each of two sides of the center hole to serve as a first gasket for later use.
And fifthly, selecting a second quartz column which has the same diameter as the octagonal quartz sleeve and the length of 5-6 cm, and drilling a through hole with the diameter 0.5-1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the rare earth ion-doped active optical fiber preform at the center of the second quartz column to serve as a second gasket for standby.
And step six, selecting a conical quartz column with the same diameter of the large end and the second gasket and the length of 5-6 cm as a seal head for later use.
And seventhly, the central hole of the first gasket is downward, the upper end of the first gasket is connected with the tail pipe in a high-temperature melting mode, and the lower end of the first gasket is connected with one end of the octagonal quartz sleeve in a high-temperature melting mode.
And step eight, welding and fixing the other end of the octagonal quartz sleeve and the second gasket at high temperature, and welding to form an integral octagonal quartz tube.
And step nine, respectively soaking the integrally welded octagonal quartz tube and the active optical fiber perform doped with the rare earth ions in a mixed acid solution, and then washing the quartz tube and the active optical fiber perform with deionized water.
And step ten, loading the treated active optical fiber perform doped with the rare earth ions into the hole of the octagonal quartz sleeve through the center hole of the second gasket in a dust-free room, and inserting the top end of the active optical fiber perform doped with the rare earth ions into the center hole of the first gasket for fixing.
Step eleven, polishing the end socket by using oxyhydrogen fireworks, and then fusing the end socket on the second gasket at high temperature to form the precast rod assembly.
And step twelve, baking the prefabricated rod assembly by using oxyhydrogen fireworks until no water or steam exists in the prefabricated rod assembly, and vacuumizing through a small quartz tube on the tail tube.
And step thirteen, checking the vacuum degree in the precast rod assembly by using a vacuum spark leak detector, wherein the vacuum degree is qualified when the vacuum degree reaches negative atmospheric pressure.
And step fourteen, after the vacuum degree in the precast rod assembly is qualified, melting by using oxyhydrogen fireworks and sealing the vacuumizing interface of the small quartz tube.
And step fifteen, loading the prefabricated rod assembly into a wire drawing tower for high-temperature melting and wire drawing.
Sixthly, drawing the prefabricated rod assembly into the rare earth ion doped active optical fiber with an octagonal inner cladding structure.
The beneficial effects produced by the invention are as follows: after the rare earth ion doped active optical fiber prefabricated rod is prepared by an MCVD process, the traditional sleeving procedure is directly removed, a quartz tube needing to be sleeved is directly machined into an octagonal structure according to a core cladding ratio, the prefabricated rod is directly placed in the center of the machined octagonal quartz tube through two fixed gaskets specially designed and machined, and after the fixation is finished, the prefabricated rod is cleaned and vacuumized, and the prefabricated rod is directly drawn into a double-cladding rare earth ion doped active optical fiber with an inner cladding in the shape of an octagonal at high temperature on line. The method effectively solves the problems of air bubbles, impurities and the like caused by improper operation in the traditional sleeving process method; the method saves the sleeve process, reduces the preparation flow, saves the sleeve time in the octagonal optical fiber preparation process, can effectively improve the preparation efficiency and yield of the octagonal double-clad active optical fiber, improves the optical fiber quality, and has great significance for improving the large-scale production quality and capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an octagonal shaped quartz sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first shim according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second shim according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a preform assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples:
in the seventh step and the eighth step of the method, the temperature for high-temperature fusion connection or high-temperature fusion fixation is 2100 ℃. In the ninth step of the method, the mixed acid solution is prepared from hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and high-purity water according to a volume ratio of 2. In the eleventh step of the method, the sintering temperature is 2000-2100 ℃. In the twelfth step of the method, the baking temperature is 1000 ℃ to 1200 ℃. In the fourteenth step and the fifteenth step of the method, the melting temperature is 2000-2100 ℃.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4, a detailed description is made of the steps included in the method by using a specific example:
step one, preparing an ytterbium ion doped active optical fiber preform rod 1 by adopting an MCVD process, wherein the outer diameter of the ytterbium ion doped active optical fiber preform rod 1 is 13.5mm, and the core diameter is 1.55mm.
And step two, according to the core cladding ratio of the prepared optical fiber, such as the preparation of a 20/400 ytterbium-doped optical fiber, selecting a quartz sleeve with the outer diameter of 36mm and the thickness of 8.75mm according to the core cladding ratio, and processing and polishing the selected quartz sleeve with the proper specification on a grinding machine to form an octagonal quartz sleeve 2 (as shown in figure 1).
And step three, selecting a quartz tube 3 with the diameter of 36mm and the wall thickness of 2mm, sealing one end of the quartz tube, punching a hole on the lower end side of the quartz tube and connecting a small quartz tube 4 with the diameter of 5mm and the wall thickness of 1mm, and taking the whole quartz tube as a tail tube.
And step four, selecting a first quartz column with the diameter of 36mm and the length of 5cm, punching the center of the first quartz column, wherein the diameter of a central hole is about 13.8mm, the depth of the central hole is 2cm, and punching small through holes with the diameter of 4mm at positions 2mm away from the edge of the central hole on two sides of the central hole respectively to serve as first gaskets 5 for standby (as shown in figure 2).
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the two small through holes provided on the first gasket 5 function as: 1. in the subsequent step nine, the cleaning treatment of the integral octagonal quartz tube is carried out; 2. in the subsequent step twelve, the vacuum is pumped to play a role of ventilation.
And step five, selecting a second quartz column with the diameter of 36mm and the length of 5cm, and drilling a through hole with the diameter of 14mm at the center of the second quartz column to serve as a second gasket 6 for standby (as shown in figure 3).
And step six, selecting a conical quartz column with the big end diameter of 36mm and the length of 6cm as a seal head 7 for later use.
And seventhly, the central hole of the gasket 5 is downward, the upper end of the gasket is connected with the tail pipe in a melting mode at the high temperature of 2100 ℃, and the lower end of the gasket is connected with one end of the octagonal quartz sleeve 2 in a melting mode.
And step eight, welding and fixing the other end of the octagonal quartz sleeve 2 and the second gasket 6 at the high temperature of 2100 ℃.
Step nine, respectively soaking and welding the octagonal quartz tube and the ytterbium ion-doped active optical fiber preform into an integral body by using a mixed acid solution prepared by hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and high-purity water according to the volume ratio of 2.
And step ten, loading the processed ytterbium ion doped active optical fiber preform 1 into an octagonal quartz tube hole through a center hole of a second gasket 6 in a dust-free chamber, and inserting the top end of the processed ytterbium ion doped active optical fiber preform into a center hole of a first gasket 5 to fix the processed ytterbium ion doped active optical fiber preform, so that the cleanliness of the preform is guaranteed.
Step eleven, polishing the end socket 7 by using hydrogen-oxygen flame, and then fusing the polished end socket on the second gasket 6 at the high temperature of 2100 ℃ to form a prefabricated rod assembly (shown in figure 4).
And step twelve, baking the blank by using an oxyhydrogen flame at 1100 ℃ until no water or steam exists in the prefabricated rod assembly, and vacuumizing the blank by using a vacuum pump through a small quartz tube 4 on a tail pipe.
And step thirteen, checking the vacuum degree of the precast bar component and each welding point by using a vacuum spark leak detector, wherein the condition that the vacuum degree reaches negative atmospheric pressure is qualified.
Fourteen, after the vacuum degree in the prefabricated bar component is qualified, melting the prefabricated bar component at 2000 ℃ by using oxyhydrogen fireworks and sealing the vacuumizing interface of the small quartz tube 4.
And step fifteen, the prefabricated rod assembly is arranged in a wire drawing tower and is melted and drawn at the high temperature of 2100 ℃.
Sixthly, drawing the prefabricated rod assembly into the ytterbium ion doped active optical fiber with an octagonal inner cladding structure.
The active optical fiber prepared by the method has the advantages that the cladding is uniform and clean when being checked under a microscope, cladding bubbles and impurities caused by the traditional sheathing method are not seen, the cladding loss of the optical fiber is obviously reduced, the original 10dB/km is reduced to be less than 5dB/km, and the improvement effect is obvious.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of an active optical fiber with an octagonal inner cladding structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a rare earth ion doped active optical fiber preform by adopting an MCVD (micro chemical vapor deposition) process;
selecting a quartz sleeve according to the core cladding ratio of the prepared optical fiber, and processing the selected quartz sleeve into an octagon shape on a grinding machine;
selecting a quartz tube with the diameter the same as that of the octagonal quartz sleeve and the wall thickness of 2-3 mm, sealing one end of the quartz tube, punching a hole on the side surface of the lower end of the quartz tube, connecting a small quartz tube with the diameter of 5mm and the wall thickness of 1mm at the punching position, and taking the whole connected quartz tube as a tail tube;
selecting a first quartz column with the diameter same as that of the tail pipe and the length of 5-6 cm, punching the center of the first quartz column, punching a hole at the center of the first quartz column, wherein the diameter of a center hole is 0.2-0.5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the rare earth ion-doped active optical fiber preform, the depth of the center hole is 2-3 cm, and punching a small through hole with the diameter of 4-5 mm at each of two sides of the center hole which is 2-3 mm away from the edge of the center hole to serve as a first gasket for later use;
fifthly, selecting a second quartz column which has the same diameter as the octagonal quartz sleeve and the length of 5 cm-6 cm, drilling a through hole with the diameter 0.5 mm-1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the rare earth ion-doped active optical fiber preform at the center of the second quartz column, and using the through hole as a second gasket for standby;
selecting a conical quartz column with the same diameter of a large end and the second gasket and the length of 5-6 cm as a seal head for later use;
seventhly, the center hole of the first gasket is downward, the upper end of the first gasket is connected with the tail pipe in a high-temperature melting mode, and the lower end of the first gasket is connected with one end of the octagonal quartz sleeve in a high-temperature melting mode;
step eight, the other end of the octagonal quartz sleeve and the second gasket are welded and fixed at high temperature and are welded into an integral octagonal quartz tube;
step nine, respectively soaking the integrally welded octagonal quartz tube and the rare earth ion-doped active optical fiber preform in a mixed acid solution, and then washing the quartz tube and the active optical fiber preform by deionized water;
step ten, the treated active optical fiber perform doped with the rare earth ions is loaded into the hole of the octagonal quartz sleeve through the center hole of the second gasket in a dust-free chamber, and the top end of the active optical fiber perform doped with the rare earth ions is inserted into the center hole of the first gasket and fixed;
step eleven, polishing the end socket by using oxyhydrogen fireworks, and then fusing the end socket on the second gasket at high temperature to form a precast bar assembly;
step twelve, baking the precast bar component by using oxyhydrogen fireworks until no water or steam exists in the precast bar component, and vacuumizing through a small quartz tube on the tail tube;
step thirteen, checking the vacuum degree in the precast rod assembly by using a vacuum spark leak detector, wherein the vacuum degree is qualified when the vacuum degree reaches negative atmospheric pressure;
fourteen, after the vacuum degree in the precast bar component is qualified, melting by using oxyhydrogen fireworks and sealing the vacuumizing interface of the small quartz tube;
step fifteen, placing the prefabricated rod assembly into a wire drawing tower for high-temperature melting and wire drawing;
sixthly, drawing the prefabricated rod assembly into the rare earth ion doped active optical fiber with an octagonal inner cladding structure.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the seventh and eighth steps, the temperature for high temperature fusion splicing or high temperature fusion splicing is 2100 ℃.
3. The method for preparing an active optical fiber with an octagonal inner cladding structure according to claim 1, wherein in the ninth step, the mixed acid solution is prepared from hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and high-purity water according to a volume ratio of 2.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the eleventh step, the sintering temperature is 2000-2100 ℃.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step twelve, the baking temperature is 1000-1200 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the melting temperatures in the fourteen and fifteen steps are 2000-2100 ℃.
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| CN115072987A (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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