CN115072827A - Mine water purification system - Google Patents
Mine water purification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115072827A CN115072827A CN202210857335.XA CN202210857335A CN115072827A CN 115072827 A CN115072827 A CN 115072827A CN 202210857335 A CN202210857335 A CN 202210857335A CN 115072827 A CN115072827 A CN 115072827A
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4875—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
- B01J2220/4887—Residues, wastes, e.g. garbage, municipal or industrial sludges, compost, animal manure; fly-ashes
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- C02F2101/14—Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
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Abstract
The invention provides a mine water purification system. The mine water purification system comprises a coal mine underground reservoir, wherein the coal mine underground reservoir comprises a fractured rock mass and an adsorption material attached to the surface of the fractured rock mass, the adsorption material is formed by solidifying an adsorption composition, the adsorption composition comprises dry materials and water, and the dry materials comprise fly ash, cement and aggregate. The mine water purification system can realize efficient defluorination of mine water in the coal mine underground reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mine water purification, in particular to a mine water purification system.
Background
During the coal mining process, underground water and part of surface water permeate into a roadway through rock fractures to form mine water. At present, the water amount of a mine produced by mining per ton of coal in China is about 1.87m 3 Annual production of well water is about 6.88X 109m 3 . As a water-poor country, coal mine water is a stable water source for a long time in China, and particularly plays an important role in solving the problem of severe water shortage in western regions in China.
In the mine water reuse process, some local governments require that the mine water quality meet the class III limit value requirements specified in the surface water environmental quality standard. The fluoride content is defined within the class III limits to not exceed 1 mg/L. The fluoride content of mine water in western part of China is more than 1mg/L, and defluorination treatment is needed. The prior defluorination process for mine water mainly comprises a chemical precipitation method, a coagulating precipitation method, an ion exchange-adsorption method, an electrocoagulation method, an electrodialysis method, a membrane method and the like. The processes generally have the problems of high treatment cost and complex treatment process, and the processes need to be built on the ground, so that the underground direct reuse cannot be realized.
The coal mine underground reservoir realizes the low-cost storage and purification of the underground mine water, and the broken rock mass in the coal mine underground reservoir can effectively remove suspended matters in the mine water, thereby providing technical support for the underground direct reuse of the mine water. However, coal mine underground reservoirs are not effective in removing fluoride from mine water.
The coal ash is used as a coal combustion byproduct and accounts for 60-88% of the total solid waste of the coal-fired power plant. It is estimated that about 7.5 million tons of fly ash are produced worldwide each year. If the fly ash is used as solid waste and is not treated properly, water and soil pollution, ecological environment damage and human health harm may be caused. At present, the fly ash is mainly applied to the aspects of roadbed construction, soil improvement, ceramic manufacture, industrial catalysis, wastewater treatment and the like. It is estimated that global fly ash utilization is less than 30%. Therefore, the development and the utilization of the fly ash are enhanced, and the method is very important for recycling resources and protecting the environment.
Therefore, a mine water purification system is needed to be provided to solve the technical problem that the fluoride in the mine water cannot be effectively removed from the coal mine underground reservoir in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mine water purification system to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, a coal mine underground reservoir cannot effectively remove fluoride in mine water.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a mine water purification system, which comprises a coal mine underground reservoir, wherein the coal mine underground reservoir comprises a crushed rock body and an adsorption material attached to the surface of the crushed rock body, the adsorption material is formed by solidifying an adsorption composition, the adsorption composition comprises a dry material and water, and the dry material comprises fly ash, cement and aggregate.
Preferably, the fly ash accounts for 30-90% of the dry material by weight percent, preferably 40-80%, and more preferably 60-70%; preferably, the particle size of the fly ash is 0.01-1 mm.
Preferably, the weight ratio of water to dry materials in the adsorption composition is 0.2-1, preferably 0.3-0.7, more preferably 0.4-0.5, and the water is preferably mine water.
Preferably, the cement constitutes between 5% and 40%, preferably between 5% and 30%, more preferably between 15% and 20% of the dry matter, in weight percentage.
Preferably, the aggregate is fine aggregate or coarse aggregate, preferably fine aggregate, the particle size of the fine aggregate is preferably 0.01-2 mm, more preferably, the fine aggregate accounts for 1-20% of the dry material in percentage by weight, preferably 5-15%, more preferably 5-10%.
Preferably, the dry material also comprises an accelerator, which accounts for 1-15% of the dry material, preferably 4-10%, more preferably 5-8% of the dry material by weight percentage; the accelerator comprises one or more of alkali-free powder accelerators, sodium aluminate accelerators, silicate accelerators, alkali metal sodium carbonate accelerators and alkali metal hydroxide accelerators, and preferably comprises alkali-free powder accelerators.
Preferably, the total thickness of the adsorbing material attached to the surface of the crushed rock mass is 0.1 to 10mm, preferably 0.1 to 5mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 2 mm.
Preferably, the system further comprises an application device for applying the adsorbent composition to the surface of the crushed rock mass, the application device comprising: a slurry sprayer for spraying the adsorbent composition, having a first inlet and a first outlet; a slurry feed pipe for feeding the adsorbent composition ejected from the slurry sprayer, having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second inlet being connected to the first outlet; one or more slurry injection nozzles connected to the second outlet of the slurry feed pipe for injecting the adsorption composition from the slurry feed pipe onto the surface of the crushed rock mass; preferably, the number of the guniting nozzles is three or more, and the guniting nozzles are respectively arranged to spray the adsorption composition onto the surface of the crushed rock mass at different heights in the coal mine underground reservoir; preferably, the guniting nozzle is provided with an on-off electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the applying device further comprises: a blender for mixing components of the adsorbent composition, the blender being connected to the first inlet of the slurry sprayer; a transfer pump for pumping the adsorption composition through a slurry pipe to one or more slurry nozzles, the transfer pump having a third inlet and a third outlet, preferably the third inlet being connected to the first outlet of the slurry injector and the third outlet being connected to the second inlet of the slurry pipe.
Preferably, the coal mine underground water reservoir has a first water inlet and a first water outlet, the system further comprises a diversion box and a reservoir, the diversion box comprising: the second water inlet is connected with the first water outlet of the coal mine underground reservoir; a fluoride detection device for detecting the fluoride concentration in the mine water flowing out from the coal mine underground reservoir in the water diversion tank; the second water outlet is connected with the reservoir and used for discharging mine water to the reservoir; the feedback port is connected with a first water inlet of the coal mine underground reservoir and is used for feeding the mine water back to the coal mine underground reservoir; preferably, the first water outlet is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the second water inlet, the second water outlet and the feedback port are respectively provided with a booster pump.
The invention aims at the problem that the coal mine underground reservoir in the prior art can not effectively remove fluoride in mine water, a specific adsorption composition containing fly ash, cement and aggregate is applied to the surface of a crushed rock body in the coal mine underground reservoir, an adsorption material covering film is formed on the surface of the crushed rock body by solidification, and the adsorption material can be stably and widely dispersed in the coal mine underground reservoir due to the fact that the adsorption material is firmly attached to the surface of the crushed rock body, so that the adsorption material can be fully contacted with the mine water in the coal mine underground reservoir, and the fly ash in the adsorption material has a fluorine removal effect, so that efficient fluorine removal of the mine water in the coal mine underground reservoir can be realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an application apparatus for applying an adsorbent composition to a surface of a fractured rock mass in a coal mine underground reservoir according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a partial schematic view of an application apparatus for applying an adsorbent composition to a surface of a fractured rock mass in a coal mine underground reservoir, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a mine water purification system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
In order to realize efficient defluorination of mine water in a coal mine underground reservoir, the invention provides a mine water purification system which comprises the coal mine underground reservoir, wherein the coal mine underground reservoir comprises a crushed rock body and an adsorption material attached to the surface of the crushed rock body, the adsorption material is formed by solidifying an adsorption composition, the adsorption composition comprises a dry material and water, and the dry material comprises fly ash, cement and aggregate.
In the invention, the coal mine underground reservoir is an underground reservoir formed by reconstructing an underground goaf and utilizing coal pillars and artificial dams. The coal mine underground reservoir has the characteristics of large area, large water yield and capability of manually controlling the residence time of the mine water in the reservoir, and the broken rock mass in the reservoir has good purification effect on the mine water through the filtering, adsorbing and exchanging effects.
The invention adopts a specific adsorption composition containing fly ash, cement and aggregate, the specific adsorption composition is mixed with water to form slurry, the slurry is applied to the surface of a crushed rock body distributed in a 3D manner in a coal mine underground reservoir, and the adsorption composition can be rapidly solidified on the surface of the crushed rock body to form an adsorption material covering film. As the cement has the functions of solidification and cementation and the aggregate has the functions of supporting and strengthening, the fly ash with the function of defluorination and adsorption is firmly attached to the surface of the crushed rock mass. Therefore, the adsorbing material can be stably and widely dispersed in the coal mine underground reservoir and can be fully contacted with the mine water distributed in the coal mine underground reservoir at different heights (liquid levels), so that the efficient defluorination of the mine water is realized.
The invention innovatively provides that the fly ash, the cement, the aggregate and the water are prepared into the wet slurry composition and the wet slurry composition is applied to the surface of the crushed rock mass, so that compared with the method of filling the fly ash in the coal mine underground reservoir alone, the defluorination efficiency of the mine water can be obviously improved. If the coal ash is separately filled in the coal mine underground reservoir, the coal ash can be continuously deposited at the bottommost part of the coal mine underground reservoir (the coal ash cannot be stored on a broken rock body in a higher space in the coal mine underground reservoir) along with the injection of the mine water, and the coal ash at the bottom cannot be contacted with the mine water at the upper part along with the continuous rising of the water surface of the mine water, so that the defluorination adsorption effect on the mine water at the upper part cannot be realized, and the total defluorination efficiency is lower. On the contrary, the coal ash can be solidified along with the composition and stably attached to the surface of the crushed rock mass by utilizing the interaction between different components in the adsorption composition, the crushed rock mass is distributed at different heights in the coal mine underground reservoir in a 3D mode, and the mine water exists in gaps of the crushed rock mass, so that the adsorption composition can be stably and widely distributed at different heights of the coal mine underground reservoir and is in full contact with the mine water, and the fluorine removal efficiency of the mine water is greatly improved.
Fly ash is fine ash collected from flue gas generated after coal combustion, and is main solid waste discharged from a coal-fired power plant. The main oxide composition of the fly ash of the thermal power plant in China is as follows: SiO 2 2 、Al 2 O 3 、FeO、Fe 2 O 3 、CaO、TiO 2 And the like. In the invention, the fly ash is used as a defluorinating agent for defluorinating mine water, and the defluorination of the mine water is mainly realized by hydrolyzing alumina in the fly ash in the mine water to obtain a substance capable of being complexed with fluoride ions. For example, in acid mine water, alumina in fly ash is hydrolyzed to aluminum chloride, the aluminum ions are complexed with fluoride ions, the hydrolyzed intermediate product and the resulting amorphous Al (OH) 3 The floc carries out ion exchange, adsorption, sweeping and the like on the fluoride ions, and finally the fluoride ions in the mine water are reduced. If the alumina is extracted from the fly ash and then used for removing fluorine from the mine water, the cost is too high, the benefit is not great, and the resource utilization of the fly ash cannot be realized. The coal ash is directly used for removing fluorine from the mine water, the advantages that the mine water is large in water amount, the coal ash does not need to be recycled, and the coal ash can be hydrolyzed in the mine water for a long enough time, so that ions capable of removing fluorine are formed, and the coal ash is recycled while the fluorine is removed from the mine water.
As mentioned above, in the adsorption composition of the invention, the fly ash plays a role in removing fluorine from mine water, so that the proportion of the fly ash is large. According to a preferred embodiment, the fly ash comprises 30% to 90%, preferably 40% to 80%, more preferably 60% to 70% by weight of the dry matter in the adsorption composition. The content can ensure the good balance of the defluorination function of the fly ash and the adhesive strength of the adsorption material to the fractured rock mass. Preferably, the granularity of the fly ash is 0.01-1 mm.
In the invention, the dry material containing the fly ash is mixed with water to prepare the wet slurry of the adsorption composition, and the substances such as the fly ash can be conveniently applied to the crushed rock mass of the coal mine underground reservoir. Preferably, the weight ratio of water to dry material in the adsorption composition is 0.2-1, preferably 0.3-0.7, more preferably 0.4-0.5, wherein the water is preferably mine water. The water mixed with the dry materials can be mine water to be defluorinated or defluorinated in a coal mine underground reservoir, and is preferably the mine water which is defluorinated, so that the defluorinated mine water can be recycled without introducing additional water.
The cement can harden in air or water, binding the other substances in the adsorbent composition firmly together. In the present invention, cement can assist the fly ash and other materials to coagulate and adhere to the surface of the crushed rock mass. According to one embodiment of the invention, the cement comprises, in weight percentage, between 5% and 40% of the dry matter, preferably between 5% and 30%, more preferably between 15% and 20%.
The aggregate can play the effect such as filling, support, promotes the durability and the stability of adsorption material. The presence of the aggregate can improve the strength of the adsorbent material adhering to the surface of the crushed rock mass. The aggregate in the invention can be fine aggregate or coarse aggregate. Coarse aggregate generally refers to aggregate having a particle size of greater than 4.75 mm; fine aggregate generally refers to aggregate having a particle size of less than 4.75mm, also known as sand. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption composition is formulated using fine aggregate, preferably having a particle size of 0.01 to 2 mm. According to one embodiment of the invention, the fine aggregate represents 1% to 20%, preferably 5% to 15%, more preferably 5% to 10% of the dry matter, in weight percentage.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dry matter may further comprise an accelerator. The accelerator is effective to reduce the setting time of the adsorbent composition on the surface of the crushed rock mass in the coal mine underground reservoir, so that the adsorbent composition quickly and effectively sets into the adsorbent material and is thereby solidified on the surface of the crushed rock mass. The accelerating agent accounts for 1-15% of the dry material, preferably 4-10%, more preferably 5-8% of the dry material. The accelerating agent can comprise one or more of alkali-free powder accelerating agent, sodium aluminate accelerating agent, silicic acid alkali accelerating agent, alkali metal sodium accelerating agent and alkali metal hydroxide accelerating agent, and preferably comprises alkali-free powder accelerating agent. As an alternative embodiment, the accelerator may further comprise an alkali-free liquid accelerator.
According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the dry materials are poured into a stirrer, and mine water is added for stirring, wherein the weight ratio of the water to the dry materials is 0.2-1, preferably 0.3-0.7, and most preferably 0.4-0.5. The agitated adsorbent composition is sprayed in a wet state through a shotcrete machine into the gob of an underground coal mine (i.e., onto the fractured rock mass of a coal mine underground reservoir).
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the total thickness of the adsorbing material attached to the surface of the crushed rock mass is 0.1 to 10mm, preferably 0.1 to 5mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 2 mm. In other words, the adsorbing composition is solidified on the surface of the crushed rock body to form an adhering film of the adsorbing material, and the thickness of the adhering film is 0.1 to 10mm, preferably 0.1 to 5mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 2 mm. If the adhesion thickness is too large, part of the adsorbing material may fall off from the surface of the crushed rock body; if the attachment thickness is too small, the adsorption and removal properties of the adsorbing material for fluorine ions may be reduced. The selection of the adhesion thickness is favorable for achieving the good balance of the defluorination effect of the fly ash and the adhesion strength of the adsorption material to the fractured rock mass.
In order to apply the adsorption composition to the surface of the crushed rock mass, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the mine water purification system further comprises an application device comprising: a slurry sprayer for spraying the adsorbent composition, having a first inlet and a first outlet; a slurry feed pipe for feeding the adsorbent composition ejected from the slurry sprayer, having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second inlet being connected to the first outlet; one or more slurry injection nozzles connected to the second outlet of the slurry feed pipe for injecting the adsorption composition from the slurry feed pipe onto the surface of the crushed rock mass.
Preferably, the number of the blast nozzles is three or more, and the blast nozzles are respectively provided to spray the adsorption composition onto the surface of the crushed rock mass at different heights in the coal mine underground reservoir, for example, the blast nozzles may be respectively arranged at different heights in the coal mine underground reservoir, or the blast nozzles may adjust the spraying directions so that they are respectively directed at different heights in the coal mine underground reservoir. According to a preferred embodiment, three slurry nozzles can be arranged and respectively point to the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the goaf (namely, the underground reservoir of the coal mine), and the adsorption compositions sprayed from the three slurry nozzles respectively fall on the fractured rock mass in the spaces with different heights in the goaf. Therefore, the adsorption composition can be uniformly dispersed in the whole coal mine underground reservoir, so that the adsorption composition can be fully contacted with mine water with different liquid levels, and the efficient defluorination effect is realized.
Preferably, the guniting nozzle is provided with a switch electromagnetic valve, and the switch of the electromagnetic valve is controlled by a remote controller.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above application device further comprises: a blender for mixing components of the adsorbent composition, the blender being connected to the first inlet of the slurry sprayer; a transfer pump for pumping the adsorption composition through the slurry pipe to the one or more slurry nozzles, the transfer pump having a third inlet and a third outlet, preferably the third inlet being connected to the first outlet of the slurry injector and the third outlet being connected to the second inlet of the slurry pipe.
According to a specific embodiment, a guniting device and a slurry conveying pipe network can be arranged on the underground coal face. A stirring machine, a delivery pump and a slurry spraying machine are additionally arranged on the coal face. And the slurry conveying pipe is connected from the slurry spraying machine and is arranged on the coal face hydraulic support. And connecting a plurality of slurry spraying nozzles to a slurry conveying pipe at the hydraulic support of the coal face, for example, installing 3 slurry spraying nozzles in the middle of each hydraulic support and respectively pointing to the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the goaf. An electromagnetic valve is arranged on the guniting nozzle, and the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be switched on and off through a remote controller.
According to a more specific embodiment, the adsorption composition (wet pulp) is transported to the pulp transport pipe using a shotcrete machine and a transport pump. The slurry spraying machine can adopt a plunger type wet spraying machine, a rotor type wet spraying machine and the like, and the plunger type wet spraying machine is preferred. In the coal mining process of the coal mining working face, according to the distance between each hydraulic support and the broken rock mass collapsed in the rear goaf, an operator can flexibly open the switch electromagnetic valve of the guniting nozzle through a remote controller. For example, the electromagnetic valve is opened every 0.2-2 m, preferably 0.4-1.5 m, and more preferably 0.6-1 m, when the hydraulic support is pushed forward. In the coal mining process, along with the forward propulsion of the hydraulic support, equipment such as a stirrer, a delivery pump, a slurry spraying machine and the like are also synchronously propelled. Through the slurry spraying mode, the surface of the crushed rock mass collapsed in the goaf is covered with the adsorption composition containing the fly ash, and the adsorption composition is rapidly solidified into the adsorption material to form the adsorption material covering film. The thickness of the covering film is generally 0.1 to 10mm, preferably 0.1 to 5mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 2 mm.
The coal mine underground water reservoir in the invention is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet. According to a specific embodiment, after the coal mining of the working face is completed, the working face is used as a coal mine underground reservoir through the reserved coal pillar dam body and the reinforced artificial dam body. The coal mine underground reservoir is provided with a matched water injection pipe network and a water outlet pipe network, preferably, a water injection port (namely the first water inlet) is positioned at a higher place of the underground reservoir, and a water outlet port (namely the first water outlet) is positioned at a lower place of the underground reservoir, so that the injected mine water can reach the outlet under the action of gravity.
Preferably, the mine water purification system of the present invention further comprises a knock out box and a reservoir, the knock out box comprising: the second water inlet is connected with the first water outlet of the coal mine underground water reservoir; a fluoride detection device for detecting the fluoride concentration in the mine water flowing out from the coal mine underground reservoir in the water diversion tank; the second water outlet is connected with the reservoir and used for discharging mine water to the reservoir; the feedback port is connected with a first water inlet of the coal mine underground reservoir and is used for feeding the mine water back to the coal mine underground reservoir; preferably, an electromagnetic valve is disposed on the first water outlet, and preferably, a booster pump is disposed on the second water inlet, the second water outlet, and the feedback port, respectively.
According to a specific embodiment, an intelligent water diversion box is built near a first water outlet of a coal mine underground reservoir, the outlet water of the underground reservoir is input into the intelligent water diversion box, and preferably, a stirrer, a high-low liquid level monitor and a fluoride online monitoring system can be installed in the intelligent water diversion box. When the liquid level in the intelligent water diversion tank is lower than the low liquid level, the electromagnetic valve on the first water outlet is automatically opened, and mine water flows into the intelligent water diversion tank from the first water outlet of the underground reservoir; when the liquid level reaches the high liquid level, the electromagnetic valve is closed. And (4) discharging the mine water in the intelligent water diversion tank according to the detection result of the fluoride online monitoring system. The intelligent water distribution box discharges water outwards through two pipelines, wherein one pipeline discharges water into the reservoir (through the second water outlet) for reuse; and the other path (through a feedback port) injects the mine water into the underground reservoir again for secondary purification. And if the water level in the intelligent water distribution box reaches a high level and the fluoride concentration of the mine water is less than 1mg/L, discharging the mine water in the intelligent water distribution box into the reservoir. And if the water level in the intelligent water diversion tank reaches a high liquid level and the fluoride concentration of the mine water is more than or equal to 1mg/L, injecting the mine water in the intelligent water diversion tank into the underground reservoir again. Monitoring information in the intelligent water distribution box, the water storage tank and the matched pipeline is completely displayed in a central control computer, and all pumps and valves are electromagnetic switches, so that remote control and field control can be realized.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the applying apparatus for applying the adsorption composition to the surface of the crushed rock mass in the coal mine underground water reservoir includes a mixer 4, a shotcrete machine 1, a transfer pump 2, and a slurry pipe 3, and a downstream portion of the slurry pipe 3 may be arranged on a hydraulic support 5 at the coal face. Also shown in figure 1 are pillars 20 and a gob 10 (i.e. a coal mine underground reservoir). In the coal mining process, as the hydraulic support 5 is pushed forwards, the stirring machine 4, the shotcrete machine 1, the delivery pump 2 and other devices are also pushed synchronously. The goaf 10 is filled with broken rock masses which collapse in the coal mining process, gaps exist among the broken rock masses, mine water can be injected into the gaps among the broken rock masses in the goaf, and the broken rock masses and the adsorption materials attached to the surfaces of the broken rock masses can adsorb impurities and fluorides in the mine water, so that the aim of purifying the mine water is fulfilled. Fig. 2 shows the slurry conveying pipe 3 and the slurry spraying nozzle 6 connected with the slurry conveying pipe, and a switch electromagnetic valve 7 is further installed on the slurry spraying nozzle 6, and the opening and closing of the switch electromagnetic valve 7 can be controlled through a remote controller. Fig. 3 shows a first water inlet 11 and a first water outlet 12 of the coal mine underground reservoir, wherein the first water inlet 11 is positioned at a higher position of the underground reservoir, and the first water outlet 12 is positioned at a lower position of the underground reservoir, so that the injected mine water can reach the water outlets under the action of gravity. An intelligent water diversion box 30 is arranged near the first water outlet 12, outlet water of an underground reservoir is input into the intelligent water diversion box 30, and a stirrer, a high-low liquid level monitor and a fluoride online monitoring system can be installed in the intelligent water diversion box 30. An electromagnetic valve 13 is disposed at the first water outlet 12. The intelligent water diversion box 30 has a second water inlet connected to the first water outlet 12 of the coal mine underground reservoir, and also has a second water outlet and a feedback port. The second water outlet is connected with the reservoir 40 and used for discharging mine water into the reservoir, and the feedback port is connected with the first water inlet 11 of the coal mine underground reservoir and used for feeding the mine water back to the coal mine underground reservoir; the second water inlet, the second water outlet and the feedback port are respectively provided with a booster pump 31, a booster pump 32 and a booster pump 33. When the liquid level in the intelligent water distribution box 30 is lower than the low liquid level, the electromagnetic valve 13 is automatically opened, and mine water flows into the intelligent water distribution box 30 from the first water outlet 12 of the underground reservoir; when the liquid level reaches a high liquid level, the electromagnetic valve 13 is closed, and mine water in the intelligent water distribution box 13 is discharged according to the result detected by the fluoride online monitoring system. The intelligent water distribution box discharges water outwards through two pipelines, wherein one pipeline discharges the water into the water storage tank 40 for reuse; and the other path injects the mine water into the underground reservoir again for secondary purification. And if the water level in the intelligent water distribution box 30 reaches a high liquid level and the concentration of the mine water fluoride is less than 1mg/L, discharging the mine water in the intelligent water distribution box 30 into the reservoir 40. And if the water level in the intelligent water distribution box 30 reaches a high level and the concentration of the mine water fluoride is more than or equal to 1mg/L, injecting the mine water in the intelligent water distribution box 30 into the underground reservoir again.
Through the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the following advantages and positive effects can be achieved:
the coal mine underground reservoir can well remove suspended matters in the mine water, but has no obvious effect on fluoride in the mine water, and the invention injects the adsorption composition containing the fly ash into the surface of a broken rock mass in the coal mine underground reservoir and can realize the target of in-situ efficient defluorination of the coal mine underground reservoir by forming a stable adsorption material covering film on the surface of the rock mass. The adsorption composition containing the fly ash is sprayed into the underground reservoir by a wet spraying method, and can form stable combination with the collapsed and broken rock bodies in the coal mine underground reservoir, so that the three-dimensional distribution of the fly ash in the coal mine underground reservoir is realized, and the phenomenon of coal ash sinking is avoided.
By in-situ defluorination of the coal mine underground reservoir, the pipeline laying and conveying expenses for defluorination by lifting the mine water well and the ground defluorination equipment and operation expenses are avoided, and low-cost defluorination is realized.
By injecting the fly ash into the coal mine underground reservoir, the fly ash of industrial waste is effectively utilized, on one hand, the cost of defluorination materials is saved, and on the other hand, the environmental pollution caused by discarding the fly ash is avoided.
The intelligent water diversion box, the reservoir and the fluoride on-line monitoring system are arranged at the water outlet of the underground reservoir, the mine water with the standard removal of fluorine is used for production and ecological reuse, and the mine water with the standard removal of fluorine which does not reach the standard is injected into the underground reservoir of the coal mine again for secondary purification, so that the effective control of the fluoride of the reused mine water is realized.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the advantageous effects of the present invention.
Example 1
The application site of the embodiment is a modernized mine of a large coal-electricity base in the west. The mine water has the problem of excessive fluoride, and the fluoride concentration is about 3.2 mg/L.
The length of the coal face is 200m, the propelling length is 4000m, and the mining height is 3 m. The working face adopts a hydraulic support with the width of 1.75m, and the total number of the working face is 110.
A mixer, a delivery pump and a slurry sprayer are additionally arranged on a coal face rubber conveying crossheading, and a moving device is installed. And the slurry conveying pipe is connected from the slurry spraying machine and is arranged on the coal face hydraulic support. The slurry conveying pipes on 110 hydraulic supports of the coal face are respectively connected with 3 slurry spraying nozzles which respectively point to the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the goaf. An electromagnetic valve is arranged on the guniting nozzle, and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve are controlled by a worker through a remote controller.
According to the cement: fly ash: fine aggregate: uniformly mixing the accelerating agent with the ratio of 20:65:9:6, preparing dry materials on the ground, and bagging. Wherein the particle size of the fly ash is 0.01-0.05 mm, the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.03-1 mm, and the accelerating agent is an alkali-free powder accelerating agent. And pouring the dry materials into a stirrer, adding mine water, stirring, and mixing to obtain the adsorption composition, wherein the water-cement ratio (namely the weight ratio of the mine water to the dry materials) is 45: 100.
In the coal face mining process, a ram-type wet blasting machine and a transfer pump are used to transfer the adsorption composition (wet slurry) to a slurry transfer pipe. According to the distance between each hydraulic support and the broken rock mass collapsed in the goaf at the rear, the working personnel flexibly open the switch electromagnetic valve of the guniting nozzle through the remote controller.
When the hydraulic support is pushed for 1m, the guniting electromagnetic switch is started once, the covering thickness of an adsorption material formed by solidifying the adsorption composition on a broken rock body in the goaf is 1mm, and the area can be covered by spraying of a guniting nozzle.
In the working face mining process, each nozzle is opened 4000 times, and about 1920m of the total injection is carried out 3 (4000 x 200 x 3 x 0.8 x 0.001) wet slurry of specialty material covering about 1920000m 2 (4000*200*3*0.8)。
As the hydraulic support is pushed forward, the stirring machine, the delivery pump, the pulp shooting machine and other equipment are also pushed synchronously.
After the coal mining of the working face is completed, the working face is used as a coal mine underground reservoir through the reserved coal pillar dam bodies and the reinforced artificial dam bodies. A matched water injection pipe network and a water outlet pipe network are installed in the coal mine underground reservoir, a water injection port is located at a higher position of the underground reservoir, and a water outlet is located at a lower position of the underground reservoir, so that injected mine water can reach an outlet under the action of gravity.
When the liquid level in the intelligent water diversion box is lower than the low liquid level sensor, the water outlet electromagnetic valve is automatically opened, and the purified mine water enters the intelligent water diversion box from the water outlet of the underground reservoir through the booster pump. When the liquid level in the intelligent water distribution box reaches a high liquid level, the water outlet electromagnetic valve and the booster pump are automatically closed, the fluoride in the intelligent water distribution box is detected to be 0.02mg/L by the fluoride on-line monitoring system in the intelligent water distribution box, the multiplexing and discharging standard is met, and the mine water in the intelligent water distribution box is discharged into the reservoir through the booster pump for multiplexing.
Example 2
The application site of the embodiment is a modernized mine of a large coal-electricity base in the west. The mine water has the problem of excessive fluoride, and the fluoride concentration is about 4.5 mg/L.
The length of the coal face is 100m, the pushing length is 3000m, and the mining height is 4 m. The working face adopts a hydraulic support with the width of 1.75m, and the working face has 58 hydraulic supports in total.
A mixer, a delivery pump and a slurry sprayer are additionally arranged on a coal face rubber conveying crossheading, and a moving device is installed. And the slurry conveying pipe is connected from the slurry spraying machine and is arranged on the coal face hydraulic support. The slurry conveying pipes on 58 hydraulic supports on the coal face are respectively connected with 3 slurry spraying nozzles which respectively point to the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the goaf. An electromagnetic valve is arranged on the guniting nozzle, and the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be switched on and off by a worker through a remote controller.
According to the cement: fly ash: fine aggregate: the accelerating agents are mixed evenly according to the proportion of 15:70:7:8, and then the mixture is made into dry materials on the ground and packaged. Wherein the particle size of the fly ash is 0.03-0.06 mm, the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the accelerating agent is an alkali-free powder accelerating agent. And pouring the dry materials into a stirrer, adding mine water, stirring, and mixing to obtain the adsorption composition, wherein the water-cement ratio is 40:100 (namely the weight ratio of the mine inflow water to the dry materials).
In the coal face mining process, a ram-type wet blasting machine and a transfer pump are used to transfer the adsorption composition (wet slurry) to a slurry transfer pipe. According to the distance between each hydraulic support and the broken rock mass collapsed in the goaf at the rear, the working personnel flexibly open the switch electromagnetic valve of the guniting nozzle through the remote controller.
When the hydraulic support is pushed by 0.5m, the guniting electromagnetic switch is started once, the covering thickness of an adsorbing material formed by solidifying the adsorbing composition on the broken rock mass of the goaf is 0.5mm, and the spraying of the guniting nozzle can cover 70% of the area.
During the face mining process, each nozzle is opened 6000 times and sprays about 1680m in total 3 (6000 x 100 x 4 x 0.7 x 0.001) wet slurry of specialty material covering about 1680000m 2 (6000*100*4*0.7)。
As the hydraulic support is pushed forward, the stirring machine, the delivery pump, the pulp shooting machine and other equipment are also pushed synchronously.
After the coal mining of the working face is completed, the working face is used as a coal mine underground reservoir through the reserved coal pillar dam bodies and the reinforced artificial dam bodies. A matched water injection pipe network and a water outlet pipe network are installed in the coal mine underground reservoir, a water injection port is located at a higher position of the underground reservoir, and a water outlet is located at a lower position of the underground reservoir, so that injected mine water can reach an outlet under the action of gravity.
When the liquid level in the intelligent water diversion box is lower than the low liquid level sensor, the water outlet electromagnetic valve is automatically opened, and the purified mine water enters the intelligent water diversion box from the water outlet of the underground reservoir through the booster pump. When the liquid level in the intelligent water diversion box reaches a high liquid level, the water outlet electromagnetic valve and the booster pump are automatically closed, the fluoride on-line monitoring system in the intelligent water diversion box detects that the mine water fluoride in the intelligent water diversion box is 2.3mg/L and does not meet the multiplexing and discharging standards, and the mine water in the intelligent water diversion box is injected into the water inlet of the underground reservoir again through the booster pump for secondary purification.
Example 3
The mine and coal face described in example 1 were used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out in substantially the same way as in example 1, with the difference that cement: fly ash: fine aggregate: the weight ratio of the accelerating agent is 5:90:1:4, namely, the fly ash accounts for 90% of the total weight of the dry materials.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water diversion box is detected to be 0.05mg/L by an online monitoring system for the fluoride in the mine water in the intelligent water diversion box.
Example 4
The mine and coal face described in example 1 were used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out in substantially the same way as in example 1, with the difference that cement: fly ash: fine aggregate: the weight ratio of the accelerating agent is 40:30:20:10, namely, the fly ash accounts for 30% of the total weight of the dry materials.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water distribution box is detected to be 0.08mg/L by an online monitoring system.
Example 5
The mine and coal face described in example 1 were used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out in substantially the same way as in example 1, with the difference that cement: fly ash: fine aggregate: the weight ratio of the accelerating agent is 3:95:1:1, namely, the fly ash accounts for 95% of the total weight of the dry materials.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water diversion box is detected to be 0.65mg/L by an online monitoring system.
Example 6
The mine and coal face described in example 1 were used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out in substantially the same way as in example 1, with the difference that cement: fly ash: fine aggregate: the weight ratio of the accelerating agent is 45:25:20:10, namely, the fly ash accounts for 25% of the total weight of the dry materials.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water diversion box is detected to be 0.78mg/L by an online monitoring system.
Example 7
The mine and coal face described in example 1 was used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out in the same way as in example 1, except that the thickness of the coverage of the adsorption material formed by the solidification of the adsorption composition on the goaf fractured rock mass is 0.1 mm.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water distribution box is detected to be 0.08mg/L by an online monitoring system.
Example 8
The mine and coal face described in example 1 were used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out in the same way as in example 1, except that the thickness of the coverage of the adsorption material formed by the solidification of the adsorption composition on the goaf fractured rock mass is 10 mm.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water diversion box is detected to be 0.06mg/L by an online monitoring system.
Example 9
The mine and coal face described in example 1 were used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out in the same way as in example 1, except that the thickness of the coverage of the adsorption material formed by the solidification of the adsorption composition on the goaf fractured rock mass is 0.05 mm.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water diversion box is detected to be 0.75mg/L by an online monitoring system.
Example 10
The mine and coal face described in example 1 were used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out in the same way as in example 1, except that the thickness of the coverage of the adsorption material formed by the solidification of the adsorption composition on the goaf fractured rock mass is 15 mm.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water diversion box is detected to be 0.8mg/L by an online monitoring system.
Example 11
The mine and coal face described in example 1 were used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out in substantially the same way as in example 1, with the difference that cement: fly ash: the weight ratio of the fine aggregate is 25:65:10, and the dry material does not contain an accelerating agent.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water diversion box is detected to be 0.1mg/L by an online monitoring system for the fluoride in the mine water in the intelligent water diversion box.
Comparative example 1
The mine and coal face described in example 1 were used. The mine water purification and fluorine removal are carried out by the method basically the same as that of the example 1, except that the dry material only consists of fly ash, and does not contain cement, fine aggregate and accelerating agent, and the weight ratio of the mine water to the fly ash dry material is 45:65 which is the same as that of the mine water to the fly ash component in the example 1.
After primary purification, the fluoride in the intelligent water diversion box is detected to be 1.8mg/L by an online monitoring system.
By comparing the results of the example 1 and the comparative example 1, the invention can form a firm adsorbing material covering film which is widely distributed in three-dimensional space on the surface of the crushed rock body of the underground reservoir by using the fly ash, the cement, the fine aggregate and the accelerating agent for the guniting treatment of the goaf, thereby obviously improving the defluorination effect of the underground reservoir on mine water compared with the guniting treatment only using the fly ash.
By comparing the results of the examples 1, 3 and 4 with the results of the examples 5 and 6, it can be found that when the content of the fly ash is 30-90% of the dry material, compared with other contents, the defluorination effect of the underground reservoir on the mine water can be further improved; by comparing the results of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 7 and the embodiment 8 with the results of the embodiment 9 and the embodiment 10, when the coating thickness of the adsorbing material is selected to be 0.1-10mm, compared with other coating thicknesses, the defluorination effect of the underground reservoir on mine water can be further improved; from the results of comparing example 1 and example 11, it was found that when the adsorption composition further contains an accelerator, the defluorination effect of the underground water reservoir on the mine water can be further improved.
Under the condition that the original fluoride concentration of the mine water is high, as shown in example 2, the fluoride concentration after primary purification may not reach the standard (exceeding 1mg/L) and cannot be directly reused, and at this time, the mine water after primary purification can be returned to an underground reservoir for secondary purification by using the water separation box provided by the invention until the fluoride concentration reaches the standard.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A mine water purification system, the system includes colliery underground reservoir, its characterized in that:
the coal mine underground water reservoir comprises a crushed rock body and an adsorption material attached to the surface of the crushed rock body,
the adsorption material is formed by solidifying an adsorption composition, the adsorption composition comprises dry materials and water, and the dry materials comprise fly ash, cement and aggregate.
2. The mine water purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that the fly ash accounts for 30-90%, preferably 40-80%, more preferably 60-70% of the dry material by weight percent; preferably, the granularity of the fly ash is 0.01-1 mm.
3. The mine water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the water to the dry materials in the adsorption composition is 0.2-1, preferably 0.3-0.7, more preferably 0.4-0.5, and the water is preferably mine water.
4. The mine water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the cement comprises, in weight percent, 5% to 40%, preferably 5% to 30%, more preferably 15% to 20% of the dry material.
5. The mine water purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that the aggregate is fine aggregate or coarse aggregate, preferably fine aggregate, preferably the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.01-2 mm, more preferably the fine aggregate accounts for 1-20%, preferably 5-15%, more preferably 5-10% of the dry material by weight percentage.
6. The mine water purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that the dry material further comprises an accelerator, wherein the accelerator accounts for 1-15%, preferably 4-10%, more preferably 5-8% of the dry material in percentage by weight; the accelerator comprises one or more of alkali-free powdery accelerators, sodium aluminate accelerators, silicic acid alkali accelerators, alkali metal sodium carbonate accelerators and alkali metal hydroxide accelerators, and preferably comprises the alkali-free powdery accelerators.
7. The mine water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the total thickness of the adsorbing material attached to the surface of the crushed rock mass is 0.1 to 10mm, preferably 0.1 to 5mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 2 mm.
8. The mine water purification system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an application device for applying the adsorption composition onto the surface of the crushed rock mass, the application device comprising:
a slurry sprayer for spraying the adsorbent composition, having a first inlet and a first outlet;
a slurry feed pipe for feeding the adsorbent composition ejected from the slurry sprayer, having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second inlet being connected to the first outlet;
one or more slurry injection nozzles connected to the second outlet of the slurry feed pipe for injecting the adsorption composition from the slurry feed pipe onto the surface of the crushed rock mass;
preferably, the number of the guniting nozzles is three or more, and the guniting nozzles are respectively arranged to spray the adsorption composition onto the surface of the crushed rock mass at different heights in the coal mine underground reservoir; preferably, the guniting nozzle is provided with a switch electromagnetic valve.
9. The mine water purification system of claim 8, wherein the application device further comprises:
a blender for mixing components of the adsorbent composition, connected to the first inlet of the slurry sprayer;
a transfer pump for pumping said adsorption composition through said slurry feed pipe to said one or more slurry nozzles, said transfer pump having a third inlet and a third outlet, preferably said third inlet being connected to said first outlet of said slurry sprayer and said third outlet being connected to said second inlet of said slurry feed pipe.
10. The mine water purification system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the coal mine underground water reservoir has a first water inlet and a first water outlet, the system further comprising a knock out box and a water reservoir,
the water distribution box comprises:
the second water inlet is connected with the first water outlet of the coal mine underground water reservoir;
a fluoride detection device for detecting a fluoride concentration in the mine water flowing out of the coal mine underground reservoir in the water diversion tank;
the second water outlet is connected with the reservoir and used for discharging the mine water to the reservoir;
the feedback port is connected with the first water inlet of the coal mine underground reservoir and is used for feeding the coal mine water back to the coal mine underground reservoir;
preferably, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first water outlet, and preferably, a booster pump is respectively arranged on the second water inlet, the second water outlet and the feedback port.
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