CN115072823B - Solar seawater desalination device and method - Google Patents

Solar seawater desalination device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115072823B
CN115072823B CN202210673424.9A CN202210673424A CN115072823B CN 115072823 B CN115072823 B CN 115072823B CN 202210673424 A CN202210673424 A CN 202210673424A CN 115072823 B CN115072823 B CN 115072823B
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water
seawater
inner container
lower cover
solar
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CN115072823A (en
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徐朋朋
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Shandong Huayu University of Technology
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Shandong Huayu University of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a solar sea water desalting device and a method, wherein the device comprises: the device comprises a shell, an inner container, a vortex generating device and a water storage tank; the shell comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, so that water drops formed by evaporating solar-energy irradiated seawater are condensed on the upper cover and then flow to the lower cover, the inner container is arranged in the shell, the inner container is connected with a water inlet pipe penetrating through the lower cover so that the seawater can be injected into the inner container through the water inlet pipe, and a brine battery is arranged on the inner container so that the residual evaporated seawater can generate voltage through the brine battery; the lower end of the inner container is also connected with a water outlet pipe penetrating through the lower cover, so that seawater in the inner container flows to the water storage tank through the water outlet pipe, and the water storage tank discharges water to the vortex generating device through the water outlet pipe. The solar desalination device utilizes solar energy to heat, finally realizes desalination of sea water, avoids energy waste, and has the advantages of simple structure, small size, wide application and popularization value.

Description

Solar seawater desalination device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar energy, and particularly relates to a solar seawater desalination device and a solar seawater desalination method.
Background
Fresh water resources are necessary resources for human beings to survive. However, with the continuous deterioration of the environment and the increasing exhaustion of fresh water resources, the lack of fresh water resources has largely affected the sustainable development of human society. The earth has about 70% of its area as sea, and the dilution of seawater into directly drinkable fresh water is an effective way to solve the shortage of fresh water resources.
The desalination of sea water, i.e. the production of fresh water by sea water desalination, is an open source increment technology for realizing the utilization of water resources. To achieve the aim of desalinating seawater, various methods and devices have been designed to remove salt from seawater to obtain fresh water.
The technology for desalinating seawater by distillation is to boil and vaporize seawater by heating it, and then condense the steam into fresh water. The distillation method is a sea water desalination technology which is applied by artificial industrialization at the earliest time, and is characterized by low requirements on the quality of raw material sea water, applicability even in the sea water environment with serious pollution and high biological activity, high purity of produced water and large production capacity of a device, so the distillation method is still one of the main stream technologies of sea water desalination at present. However, the distillation method for desalinating seawater requires heating seawater to boil and vaporize, and thus consumes a large amount of heat energy. In order to save energy, the existing technology for desalting sea water by distillation adopts a low-temperature multi-effect distillation technology, namely, sea water is vaporized, evaporated and then condensed under lower vacuum degree, and is characterized in that a series of vacuum evaporators are connected in series, a certain amount of steam is used for inputting first effect, the evaporation temperature of the latter effect is lower than that of the former effect, and then multiple times of steam is obtained through evaporation and condensation. However, the low-temperature multi-effect distillation technology increases equipment and investment cost by times, the occupied area by the equipment and the investment cost by times are increased, the process flow is longer, the energy consumption of a conveying pump is also increased by times, and a vacuum pump also needs to consume larger energy.
A common method is a freezing method, namely freezing seawater to freeze the seawater, and separating salt while changing liquid fresh water into solid ice; in addition, there are reverse osmosis methods and the like. The method has the defects that a large amount of energy is consumed, so that the energy is wasted and the price of the fresh water is increased; secondly, the equipment is complex, large in size and not suitable for popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a solar seawater desalination device and a solar seawater desalination method, which utilize solar energy to heat and finally realize seawater desalination, so that the waste of energy is avoided.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a solar sea water desalting device, which comprises: the device comprises a shell, an inner container, a vortex generating device and a water storage tank; the shell comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, so that water drops formed by evaporating solar-energy irradiated seawater are condensed on the upper cover and then flow to the lower cover, the inner container is arranged in the shell, the inner container is connected with a water inlet pipe penetrating through the lower cover so that the seawater can be injected into the inner container through the water inlet pipe, and a brine battery is arranged on the inner container so that the residual evaporated seawater can generate voltage through the brine battery; the lower end of the inner container is also connected with a water outlet pipe penetrating through the lower cover, so that seawater in the inner container flows to the water storage tank through the water outlet pipe, and the water storage tank discharges water to the vortex generating device through the water outlet pipe.
Preferably, ribs for drainage are distributed on the inner walls of the upper cover and the lower cover.
Preferably, a conduit is also mounted to the bottom of the lower cover.
Preferably, the whole inner container is funnel-shaped, the inner container comprises an inner wall and an outer wall, and the outer wall is sleeved on the outer side of the inner wall.
More preferably, an LED lamp is mounted at the bottom of the inner wall, and is lighted when a voltage is generated from the brine battery.
More preferably, the upper edge of the liner is provided with a baffle plate, a salt water battery is arranged on the baffle plate along the circumferential direction, a supporting rod extends out of the outer edge of the baffle plate, and a groove matched with the supporting rod is formed in the lower cover so as to erect the liner on the lower cover.
Preferably, a valve is further installed between the shell and the water storage tank, an internal thread is arranged at the bottom end of the lower shell cover, and an external thread matched with the internal thread is arranged at the top end of the valve so as to be in threaded connection with the shell.
Preferably, the vortex generating device comprises a bottom plate, a water outlet is formed in the lower portion of the bottom plate, a coaming is arranged on the upper portion of the bottom plate, a triangular support is erected above one end of the coaming close to the water outlet, a motor is mounted on the triangular support, a connecting rod penetrating through the triangular support is mounted on the motor, and a propeller is mounted at the bottom end of the connecting rod and located in the water outlet.
More preferably, the motor is mounted on the triangular bracket through a motor base, a support column is vertically mounted on the triangular bracket, and the motor base is mounted on the support column through a screw.
The invention also provides a solar seawater desalination method, which is realized by the solar seawater desalination device and comprises the following steps: the water is injected into the inner container through the water inlet pipe, the water drops formed by the evaporation of the seawater are condensed to the upper cover and then flow to the lower cover through the irradiation of sunlight, the residual seawater is evaporated, voltage is generated between the residual seawater and the inner container through the brine cell, the seawater finally flows to the water storage tank through the water outlet pipe, the water is discharged to the vortex generating device through the water outlet pipe, electric power is generated, and the secondary utilization of the seawater is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention designs a special shell and liner structure, water is injected into the liner through the water inlet pipe, water drops formed by evaporation of seawater are condensed on the upper cover and then flow to the lower cover through irradiation of sunlight, residual seawater is evaporated, the residual seawater flows into the liner to generate voltage through the brine cell, finally the seawater flows into the water storage tank through the water outlet pipe, and the water is discharged to the vortex generating device through the water outlet pipe to generate electricity, so that the secondary utilization of the seawater is realized. The invention has novel design, reasonable structure, convenient use and suitability for popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the upper cover of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower cover of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the liner of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the internal structure of the liner of the present invention with the outer wall removed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the valve structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a vortex generating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a scroll construction of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a connecting rod structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a motor structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a water storage tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of a brine cell of the present invention;
in the figure:
1-a shell, 2-an inner container, 3-a valve, 4-a vortex generating device and 5-a water storage tank;
101-upper cap, 102-upper cap rim, 103-lower cap rim, 104-lower cap rib, 105-groove, 106-lower cap, 107-conduit, 108-internal thread, 109-upper cap rib;
201-the outer wall of the inner container, 202-the water outlet pipe, 203-the water inlet pipe, 204-the baffle plate, 205-the brine battery, 206-the inner wall of the inner container and 207-the LED lamp;
301-external threads, 302-a valve body, 303-an O-shaped ball valve, 304-a pagoda joint, 305-a valve rod, 306-a handle, 307-a bolt and 308-a gland;
401-screw propellers, 402-nuts, 403-connecting rods, 404-water outlets, 405-bracket angles, 406-supporting columns, 407-motors, 408-triangular supports, 409-bottom plates, 410-coamings, 411-motor bases, 412-rotors, 413-flat holes, 414-semi-cylinders and 415-stop blocks;
501-a water tank, 502-a box body and 503-a guide pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and that this invention is not limited to the details given herein.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional relationship indicated by the terms "above", "below", etc. are based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In addition, if not specifically described, the components adopted in the following embodiments are all existing components, and their corresponding connection modes can also be implemented by conventional technical means, which will not be described in detail in this application.
Examples
As shown in figure 1, the solar seawater desalination device provided by the invention mainly comprises a shell 1, a valve 3, a vortex generating device 4 and a water storage tank 5; wherein:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the housing 1 further includes an upper cover 101 and a lower cover 106, where the upper cover 101 is provided with an upper cover edge 102, the lower cover 106 is provided with a lower cover edge 103, ribs for drainage, that is, an upper cover rib 109 and a lower cover rib 104, are distributed on inner walls of the upper cover 101 and the lower cover 106, the upper cover edge 102 is assembled with the lower cover edge 103, the upper cover rib 109 is assembled with the lower cover rib 104, and preferably, the upper cover 101, the upper cover edge 102 and the upper cover rib 109 are integrally formed, and the lower cover edge 103, the lower cover rib 104, the lower cover 106 and the conduit 107 are integrally formed.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the whole inner container 2 is funnel-shaped and comprises an outer container wall 201 and an inner container wall 206, the outer container wall 201 and the inner container wall 206 are bonded by glue, the inner container 2 is mounted, and an LED lamp 207 is mounted at the bottom of the inner container wall 206; the upper edge of the liner is provided with a baffle plate 204, a salt water battery 205 is arranged on the baffle plate along the circumferential direction, a supporting rod extends out of the outer edge of the baffle plate 204, and a groove 105 matched with the supporting rod is arranged on the lower cover edge 103 of the lower cover 106 so as to erect the liner 2 on the lower cover 106; preferably, the groove (105) is prefabricated in advance, and the baffle plate 204 and the inner wall 206 of the liner are integrally formed; the water inlet pipe 203 penetrates through the lower cover 106 and the inner container 2, and the water outlet pipe 202 penetrates through the lower cover 106 and is assembled with the bottom of the inner container 2.
Referring to fig. 6, a valve 3 is further installed between the housing 1 and the water storage tank 5 to regulate and control the evaporated fresh water. The top end of the valve 3 is provided with external threads 301 which are matched with the internal threads 108 at the bottom end of the lower cover 106 so as to be in threaded connection with the shell 1; the valve 3 further comprises a valve body 302, an O-shaped ball valve 303 is arranged in the valve body 302, a valve rod 305 is connected to one side of the valve body 302, a gland 308 is arranged at the joint, a handle 306 is fixed to one end of the valve rod 305 through a bolt 307, a pagoda joint 304 is arranged at the bottom end of the valve body 302, and preferably, the internal thread 108 is prefabricated in advance.
Referring to fig. 7, the vortex generating device 4 includes a bottom plate 409, a water outlet 404 is provided at the lower part of the bottom plate 409, a shroud 410 is provided at the upper part of the bottom plate 409, a triangular bracket 408 is erected above one end of the shroud 410 near the water outlet 404, a bracket angle 405 is mounted to the bottom plate 409, a support column 406 is vertically mounted on the triangular bracket 408, each hole on a motor base 411 is assembled with each support column 406 hole, and is fixed by using screws, referring to fig. 8, a motor 407 is fixedly mounted by the motor base 411, a connecting rod 403 is mounted on the motor 407, the connecting rod 403 penetrates through the center hole of the triangular bracket 408, a screw 401 is mounted at the bottom end of the connecting rod 403 and is positioned in the water outlet 404, the screw 401 is assembled with the outer thread at the bottom end of the connecting rod 403 by a nut 402 to form screw fit, referring to fig. 9 and 10, the other end of the connecting rod 403 is provided as a semi-cylinder 414, and a motor rotor 412 is provided with a flat hole 413 adapted to the semi-cylinder 414 to realize the assembly, and is limited by a stopper 415; preferably, the connecting rod 403, the semi-cylinder 414 and the stopper 415 are integrally formed; the bracket angle 405, the support column 406 and the triangular bracket 408 are integrally formed; the motor 407 and the motor base 411 are integrally formed; the flat holes 413 are prefabricated in advance in the rotor 412.
Referring to fig. 11, the water storage tank 5 includes a water tank 501, a case 502, and a drain pipe 503, and preferably the water tank 501, the case 502, and the drain pipe 503 are integrally formed.
When the fresh water collecting device is used, water is injected into the inner wall 206 of the inner liner through the water inlet pipe 203, and after sunlight irradiates, seawater evaporates, when water vapor is condensed into water drops at the top of the inside of the upper cover 101, the water drops flow to the lower cover rib 104 along the upper cover rib 109, finally the water drops to the lower cover 106, when fresh water is collected, the valve 3 is in a closed state, and when the fresh water is collected to a certain amount or water is needed, the valve 3 is opened to take out the fresh water. The rest seawater is evaporated, voltage is generated between the seawater and the inner container 2 through a copper sheet on the brine battery 205, the LED lamp 207 is lighted to complete the manufacturing of the brine battery, a circuit diagram of the brine battery is shown in fig. 12, finally, the seawater flows to the water tank 501 through the water outlet pipe 202, then, the water is discharged to the coaming 410 through the water outlet pipe 503, the water forms vortex through the coaming 410, the water is discharged through the water outlet 404, the water impacts the propeller 401 during discharging, the propeller 401 is driven to rotate, the connecting rod 403 and the rotor 412 are driven to rotate, electric power is generated, and the secondary utilization of the seawater is realized.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present invention are merely illustrative of the present invention and not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention, and that various other changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above description, and it is not intended to be exhaustive of all the embodiments of the present invention, and all obvious changes and modifications that come within the scope of the invention are defined by the following claims.

Claims (9)

1. A solar desalination plant comprising: the device comprises a shell, an inner container, a vortex generating device and a water storage tank; the shell comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, so that water drops formed by evaporating solar-energy irradiated seawater are condensed on the upper cover and then flow to the lower cover, the inner container is arranged in the shell, the inner container is connected with a water inlet pipe penetrating through the lower cover so that the seawater can be injected into the inner container through the water inlet pipe, and a brine battery is arranged on the inner container so that the residual evaporated seawater can generate voltage through the brine battery; the lower extreme of inner bag is still connected with and runs through the outlet pipe of lower cover to make the sea water in the inner bag flow to the aqua storage tank through the outlet pipe, the aqua storage tank discharges water to vortex generating device through the drain pipe, vortex generating device includes the bottom plate, the lower part of bottom plate is provided with the delivery port, the upper portion of bottom plate is provided with the bounding wall, triangular support has been erect to the top of the one end of the nearly delivery port of bounding wall, install the motor on the triangular support, install the connecting rod that runs through triangular support on the motor, the screw just the screw is located the delivery port is installed to the bottom of connecting rod.
2. A solar desalination apparatus according to claim 1 wherein ribs for drainage are distributed on the inner walls of the upper and lower covers.
3. A solar desalination apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the bottom of the lower cover is further provided with a conduit.
4. The solar seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein the inner container is funnel-shaped as a whole, the inner container comprises an inner wall and an outer wall, and the outer wall is sleeved outside the inner wall.
5. A solar desalination apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the bottom of the inner wall is provided with LED lights that are illuminated when a voltage is generated by the brine cell.
6. The solar seawater desalination plant of claim 4, wherein a baffle is arranged at the upper edge of the liner, a brine battery is arranged at the baffle along the circumferential direction, a supporting rod extends out of the outer edge of the baffle, and a groove matched with the supporting rod is arranged on the lower cover so as to erect the liner on the lower cover.
7. The solar seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein a valve is further installed between the housing and the water storage tank, an internal thread is provided at the bottom end of the housing lower cover, and an external thread adapted to the internal thread is provided at the top end of the valve to be in threaded connection with the housing.
8. A solar desalination apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the motor is mounted to the triangular support by a motor mount, the triangular support is vertically mounted with support posts, and the motor mount is mounted to the support posts by screws.
9. A method of solar desalination of sea water, achieved by a solar desalination plant according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising: the water is injected into the inner container through the water inlet pipe, the water drops formed by the evaporation of the seawater are condensed to the upper cover and then flow to the lower cover through the irradiation of sunlight, the residual seawater is evaporated, voltage is generated between the residual seawater and the inner container through the brine cell, the seawater finally flows to the water storage tank through the water outlet pipe, the water is discharged to the vortex generating device through the water outlet pipe, electric power is generated, and the secondary utilization of the seawater is realized.
CN202210673424.9A 2022-06-14 2022-06-14 Solar seawater desalination device and method Active CN115072823B (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3364127A (en) * 1962-08-24 1968-01-16 Teijin Ltd Method for producing caustic soda and chlorine by means of electrolysis of sea water or other similar saltish water
ES257864U (en) * 1981-04-24 1981-11-16 Marmol Compac,S.A. Improved snail ladder (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US4672807A (en) * 1983-08-03 1987-06-16 Innerspace Corporation Wall thruster and method of operation
CN2723720Y (en) * 2004-08-26 2005-09-07 尹瑞雪 Vortex sea tide power device
CN101090168A (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-19 王晓黎 Salt battery
CN105129891A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-12-09 浙江大学 Solar seawater desalination device and method based on light-absorbing boiling
CN207451660U (en) * 2017-10-09 2018-06-05 北京化工大学 A kind of solar focusing wick efficient sea water desalting equipment
CN113719393A (en) * 2021-08-27 2021-11-30 邢志国 Vortex type power generation mechanism for new energy power generation

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3364127A (en) * 1962-08-24 1968-01-16 Teijin Ltd Method for producing caustic soda and chlorine by means of electrolysis of sea water or other similar saltish water
ES257864U (en) * 1981-04-24 1981-11-16 Marmol Compac,S.A. Improved snail ladder (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US4672807A (en) * 1983-08-03 1987-06-16 Innerspace Corporation Wall thruster and method of operation
CN2723720Y (en) * 2004-08-26 2005-09-07 尹瑞雪 Vortex sea tide power device
CN101090168A (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-19 王晓黎 Salt battery
CN105129891A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-12-09 浙江大学 Solar seawater desalination device and method based on light-absorbing boiling
CN207451660U (en) * 2017-10-09 2018-06-05 北京化工大学 A kind of solar focusing wick efficient sea water desalting equipment
CN113719393A (en) * 2021-08-27 2021-11-30 邢志国 Vortex type power generation mechanism for new energy power generation

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