CN115071606A - Load throwing protection circuit, vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and vehicle - Google Patents

Load throwing protection circuit, vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115071606A
CN115071606A CN202110276437.8A CN202110276437A CN115071606A CN 115071606 A CN115071606 A CN 115071606A CN 202110276437 A CN202110276437 A CN 202110276437A CN 115071606 A CN115071606 A CN 115071606A
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China
Prior art keywords
vehicle
type triode
power supply
resistor
mounted electronic
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CN202110276437.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨富花
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Zhibo Automotive Technology Shanghai Co ltd
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Zhibo Automotive Technology Shanghai Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110276437.8A priority Critical patent/CN115071606A/en
Publication of CN115071606A publication Critical patent/CN115071606A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423—Input/output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a load throwing protection circuit, vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and a vehicle. The load rejection protection circuit comprises: the circuit comprises a first PNP type triode, a second PNP type triode, a voltage stabilizing element and a first resistor; the voltage stabilizing element is used for being switched on when the power supply voltage of the power supply unit is greater than the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and is switched off when the power supply voltage is less than or equal to the rated voltage. When the voltage stabilizing element is cut off, the second PNP type triode is cut off, the first PNP type triode is conducted, and the power supply unit can normally supply power to the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, so that the normal work of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment is ensured; when the voltage stabilizing element is conducted, the second PNP type triode is conducted, the first PNP type triode is cut off, and the power supply unit stops supplying power to the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, so that the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment can be prevented from being damaged by high-voltage pulse.

Description

Load throwing protection circuit, vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and vehicle
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle electronics, and in particular, to a load rejection protection circuit, a vehicle-mounted electronic device, and a vehicle.
Background
With the development of vehicle intellectualization, more and more electronic devices are arranged in the vehicles nowadays, so that users can enjoy more driving pleasure and simultaneously high-reliability safety guarantee is provided. However, the safety of these electronic devices is closely related to the normal operation of the entire vehicle, even the personal safety of the vehicle owner and the vehicle occupant. If the circuit protection measures are not taken in place, the electronic equipment is easy to be damaged or even permanently, such as the most common load-throwing phenomenon.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the present disclosure provides a load dump protection circuit, a vehicle-mounted electronic device, and a vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a load shedding protection circuit, including:
the circuit comprises a first PNP type triode, a second PNP type triode, a voltage stabilizing element and a first resistor;
the emitter of the first PNP type triode is used for being connected with a power supply unit, the collector of the first PNP type triode is used for being connected with a vehicle-mounted electronic equipment body in the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and the base of the first PNP type triode is grounded through the first resistor;
the emitter of the second PNP type triode is used for being connected with the power supply unit, the collector of the second PNP type triode is grounded through the first resistor, and the base of the second PNP type triode is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing element and the power supply unit;
and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing element is grounded and is used for being switched on when the power supply voltage of the power supply unit is greater than the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and being switched off when the power supply voltage is less than or equal to the rated voltage.
Optionally, the voltage stabilizing element is a voltage stabilizing tube.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises at least one of:
one end of the second resistor is connected with the emitting electrode of the first PNP type triode, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with the base electrode of the first PNP type triode;
one end of the third resistor is used for being connected with the power supply unit, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing element;
and one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing element, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the base electrode of the second PNP type triode.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises:
and the reverse connection preventing element has one end connected to the power supply unit and the other end connected to the emitter of the first PNP type triode and the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing element, and is used for conducting when connected to the positive electrode of the power supply unit and stopping when connected to the negative electrode of the power supply unit.
Optionally, the anti-reverse connection element is a diode.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises an NPN type triode and a fifth resistor;
the base electrode of the NPN type triode is used for being connected with a microprocessor in the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, the collector electrode of the NPN type triode is respectively connected with the base electrode of the first PNP type triode and the collector electrode of the second PNP type triode through the fifth resistor, and the emitter electrode of the NPN type triode is grounded;
and the microprocessor is used for acquiring the state information of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, outputting a high level when the state information is in a wake-up state, and outputting a low level when the state information is in a sleep state.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises:
and one end of the sixth resistor is connected with the base electrode of the NPN type triode, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with the emitting electrode of the NPN type triode.
Optionally, the circuit further includes a seventh resistor disposed between the microprocessor and the base of the NPN type triode.
Optionally, the seventh resistor is integrated with the NPN type triode.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides an in-vehicle electronic apparatus, comprising:
a vehicle-mounted electronic device body;
a microprocessor; and
the load shedding protection circuit comprises a load shedding protection circuit, wherein the load shedding protection circuit is the load shedding protection circuit provided by the first aspect of the disclosure.
In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a vehicle comprising:
a power supply unit;
at least one vehicle-mounted electronic device, wherein the vehicle-mounted electronic device is the vehicle-mounted electronic device provided by the second aspect of the disclosure.
In the above technical solution, the load rejection protection circuit includes a first PNP type triode, a second PNP type triode, a voltage regulator, and a first resistor. The voltage stabilizing element is cut off when the power supply voltage of the power supply unit is less than or equal to the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, at the moment, the second PNP type triode is cut off, the first PNP type triode is conducted, and the power supply unit can normally supply power to the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, so that the normal work of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment is ensured; and the voltage stabilizing element is conducted when the power supply voltage of the power supply unit is greater than the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment (namely, high-voltage pulse exists), at the moment, the second PNP type triode is conducted, the first PNP type triode is cut off, and the power supply unit stops supplying power for the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, so that the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment can be prevented from being damaged by the high-voltage pulse.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle structure according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit according to another exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit according to another exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a topology diagram of a load dump protection circuit, according to another exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit according to another exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit according to another exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit according to another exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a topology diagram illustrating a load-shedding test circuit, according to an example embodiment.
Description of the reference numerals
T1 first PNP type triode T2 second PNP type triode
T3 NPN type triode D voltage-stabilizing element
E power supply unit F vehicle-mounted electronic equipment
R1 first resistor R2 second resistor
R3 third resistor R4 fourth resistor
R5 fifth resistor R6 sixth resistor
R7 seventh resistance RC equivalent circuit
MCU microprocessor with N reverse connection prevention elements
LC load-throwing test circuit of L load-throwing protection circuit
FC vehicle-mounted electronic equipment body
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The present disclosure provides a vehicle, wherein the vehicle comprises a power supply unit E and at least one in-vehicle electronic device F. As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle includes a power supply unit E and a plurality of in-vehicle electronic devices F. The vehicle-mounted electronic equipment F comprises a vehicle-mounted electronic equipment body FC, a microprocessor MCU and a load throwing protection circuit L, the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment body FC is connected with the power supply unit E through the load throwing protection circuit L, and the microprocessor MCU is connected with the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment body FC and used for controlling the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment body FC to work.
In the present disclosure, the power supply unit E may be a battery, a capacitor, an inductor, or the like. The in-vehicle electronic device F may be, for example, a vehicle body control module, a door controller, a remote control receiver, an ignition module, an electronic regulator, an airbag, a display instrument, an in-vehicle navigation, or the like. The load throwing protection circuit L is used for preventing the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment F corresponding to the load throwing protection circuit L from being damaged when the load throwing protection circuit L generates high-voltage pulse. The in-vehicle electronic apparatus body FC may include a voltage stabilization module, a storage module, a driving module (e.g., driving a vehicle lamp, etc.), and the like.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the load rejection protection circuit L may include: a first PNP type triode T1, a second PNP type triode T2, a voltage stabilizing element D and a first resistor R1.
As shown in fig. 2, the emitter of the first PNP type triode T1 is used to connect to the power supply unit E, the collector of the first PNP type triode T1 is used to connect to the vehicle-mounted electronic device body FC in the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, and the base of the first PNP type triode T1 is grounded through the first resistor R1; the emitter of the second PNP triode T2 is used for connecting with the power supply unit E, the collector of the second PNP triode T2 is grounded through the first resistor R1, and the base of the second PNP triode T2 is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing element D and the power supply unit E respectively; the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing element D is grounded.
In the present disclosure, the voltage stabilizing element D may be, for example, a voltage regulator tube (as shown in fig. 2 to 8), a lightning arrester, or the like. When the power supply voltage of the power supply unit E is less than or equal to the rated voltage (e.g., 36V), that is, the power supply voltage of the power supply unit E is within the normal operating voltage range of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, the voltage stabilizing element D is turned off, so that the base of the first PNP type triode T1 is at a low level and the base of the second PNP type triode T2 is at a high level, and thus, the first PNP type triode T1 is turned on and the second PNP type triode T2 is turned off, and at this time, the power supply unit E can normally supply power to the vehicle-mounted electronic device F. When a high-voltage pulse is generated due to load shedding, the power supply voltage of the power supply unit E is greater than the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, that is, the power supply voltage of the power supply unit E exceeds the normal operating voltage range of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, the voltage stabilizing element D is turned on, so that the second PNP-type triode T2 is turned on, the collector of the second PNP-type triode T2 outputs a high level, and the base of the first PNP-type triode T1 is a high level, so that the first PNP-type triode T1 is turned off, at this time, the power supply connection between the vehicle-mounted electronic device F and the power supply unit E is interrupted, that is, the power supply unit E stops supplying power to the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, and therefore, the vehicle-mounted electronic device F can be prevented from being damaged by the high-voltage pulse.
In addition, the resistance value of the first resistor R1 needs to be set according to the required operating current of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, and illustratively, the resistance value of the first resistor R1 is 10K Ω.
In the above technical solution, the load rejection protection circuit includes a first PNP type triode, a second PNP type triode, a voltage regulator, and a first resistor. The voltage stabilizing element is cut off when the power supply voltage of the power supply unit is less than or equal to the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, at the moment, the second PNP type triode is cut off, the first PNP type triode is conducted, and the power supply unit can normally supply power to the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, so that the normal work of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment is ensured; and the voltage stabilizing element is conducted when the power supply voltage of the power supply unit is greater than the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment (namely, high-voltage pulse exists), at the moment, the second PNP type triode is conducted, the first PNP type triode is cut off, and the power supply unit stops supplying power for the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, so that the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment can be prevented from being damaged by the high-voltage pulse.
In addition, the load rejection protection circuit further includes at least one of a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4. For example, as shown in fig. 3, the load dump protection circuit further includes a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4.
As shown in fig. 3, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the emitter of the first PNP triode T1, and the other end is connected to the base of the first PNP triode T1. The second resistor R2 can stabilize the base and emitter of the second PNP triode T2 when the second PNP triode T2 is turned on, thereby preventing malfunction of the second PNP triode T2 due to external electromagnetic interference. In addition, the second resistor R2 can stabilize the base and emitter of the first PNP triode T1 when the first PNP triode T1 is turned on, thereby preventing malfunction of the first PNP triode T1 when external electromagnetic interference occurs.
As shown in fig. 3, one end of the third resistor R3 is used to connect to the power supply unit E, and the other end is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing element D to limit the current, thereby preventing the voltage stabilizing element D from sintering due to a large current.
As shown in fig. 3, one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage regulator device D, and the other end is connected to the base of the second PNP transistor T2, so that the fourth resistor R4 can be used as a pull-down resistor of the base of the second PNP transistor T2 to pull down the output voltage of the base of the second PNP transistor T2, so as to reduce interference, ensure that the second PNP transistor T2 is not turned on when there is no on signal, that is, prevent the second PNP transistor T2 from malfunctioning, make the second PNP transistor T2 cut off more reliably, and prevent the vehicle-mounted electronic device F from being damaged due to the high-voltage pulse impact caused by the mison of the second PNP transistor T2.
Illustratively, the resistance of the second resistor R2 is 10K Ω, the resistance of the third resistor R3 is 10K Ω, and the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 is 1K Ω.
Fig. 4 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit according to another exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the circuit further includes an anti-reverse connection element N, wherein one end of the anti-reverse connection element N is used for being connected to the power supply unit E, and the other end of the anti-reverse connection element N is respectively connected to the emitter of the first PNP type triode T1 and the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing element D, and is used for being turned on when the anti-reverse connection element N is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply unit E and turned off when the anti-reverse connection element N is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply unit E. Therefore, the power supply reverse connection prevention can be realized, and the circuit device damage caused by the power supply reverse connection when the jumper is started is avoided. For example, the reverse connection preventing element N may be a diode (as shown in fig. 4 and 8), a Transient Voltage Super (TVS), or the like.
When the voltage stabilizing element D is turned off, the current flowing through the in-vehicle electronic device F is not changed regardless of whether the in-vehicle electronic device F is in the awake state. That is, the quiescent current of the in-vehicle electronic device F in the sleep state is equal to the operating current thereof in the awake state. Thus, when the required operating current of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F is large, the quiescent current of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F during sleep is also large, which undoubtedly increases the quiescent current of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, thereby increasing the power consumption of the power supply unit E. For this purpose, as shown in fig. 5, the load rejection protection circuit is further provided with an NPN type triode T3 and a fifth resistor R5 (for example, the resistance of the fifth resistor R5 is 1K Ω).
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the base of the NPN type triode T3 is used to connect to the microprocessor MCU in the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, the collector of the NPN type triode T3 is connected to the base of the first PNP type triode T1 and the collector of the second PNP type triode T2 through the fifth resistor R5, and the emitter of the NPN type triode T3 is grounded.
And the microprocessor MCU is used for acquiring the state information of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment F, wherein the state information comprises an awakening state and a sleeping state, outputting a high level when the state information is the awakening state, namely the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment F is in the awakening state, and outputting a low level when the state information is the sleeping state, namely the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment F is in the sleeping state.
Specifically, when the vehicle-mounted electronic device F is in the sleep state, the microprocessor MCU outputs a low level, i.e., the base of the NPN type triode T3 is low, and the NPN type triode T3 is turned off. At this time, if the power supply voltage of the power supply unit E is less than or equal to the rated voltage, the voltage stabilizing element D is turned off, so that the base of the first PNP type triode T1 is at a low level, and the base of the second PNP type triode T2 is at a high level, so that the first PNP type triode T1 is turned on, and the second PNP type triode T2 is turned off, at this time, the load rejection protection circuit is maintained to operate through the first resistor R1, and in order to reduce the quiescent current of the F of the vehicle-mounted electronic device, the first resistor R1 in fig. 5 may be set to be larger, for example, the first resistor R1 is 100K Ω; if the power supply voltage of the power supply unit E is greater than the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, the voltage stabilizing element D is turned on, so that the second PNP type triode T2 is turned on, and the collector terminal of the second PNP type triode T2 outputs a high level, then the base of the first PNP type triode T1 is at a high level, so that the first PNP type triode T1 is turned off, and at this time, the power supply connection between the vehicle-mounted electronic device F and the power supply unit E is interrupted, that is, the power supply unit E stops supplying power to the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, so that the vehicle-mounted electronic device F can be prevented from being damaged by high-voltage pulses.
When the vehicle-mounted electronic device F is in the wake-up state, the microprocessor MCU outputs a high level, that is, the base of the NPN type triode T3 is at a high level, and the NPN type triode T3 is turned on. At this time, if the power supply voltage of the power supply unit E is less than or equal to the rated voltage, the voltage stabilizing element D is turned off, so that the base of the first PNP type triode T1 is at a low level, the base of the second PNP type triode T2 is at a high level, and therefore, the first PNP type triode T1 is turned on, the second PNP type triode T2 is turned off, and at this time, the NPN type triode T3 is turned on, and the load rejection protection circuit is maintained to operate together by the first resistor R1 and the fifth resistor R5 being connected in parallel, and at this time, the total resistance value of the load rejection circuit (where the total resistance value is (R1 × R5)/(R1+ R5)) is smaller than the first resistor R1 and smaller than the fifth resistor R5, so that the base current of the second PNP type triode T2 is increased relative to the current for maintaining the load rejection circuit to operate by the first resistor R1, and thus the collector of the second PNP type triode T2 can provide a larger current to the vehicle-mounted electronic device PNP type electronic device, so as to ensure the normal work of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment F; if the power supply voltage of the power supply unit E is greater than the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, the voltage stabilizing element D is turned on, so that the second PNP type triode T2 is turned on, and the collector terminal of the second PNP type triode T2 outputs a high level, then the base of the first PNP type triode T1 is at a high level, so that the first PNP type triode T1 is turned off, and at this time, the power supply connection between the vehicle-mounted electronic device F and the power supply unit E is interrupted, that is, the power supply unit E stops supplying power to the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, so that the vehicle-mounted electronic device F can be prevented from being damaged by high-voltage pulses.
Fig. 6 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit according to another exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 6, a sixth resistor R6 is further disposed on the load rejection protection circuit.
As shown in fig. 6, one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the base of the NPN type triode T3, and the other end is connected to the emitter of the NPN type triode T3. The sixth resistor R6 can stabilize the base and emitter of the NPN transistor T3 when the NPN transistor T3 is turned on, thereby preventing the NPN transistor T3 from malfunctioning due to external electromagnetic interference.
Fig. 7 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit according to another exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 7, the load rejection protection circuit further includes a seventh resistor R7 disposed between the microprocessor MCU and the base of the NPN type triode T3. Thus, the seventh resistor R7 may be used as a pull-down resistor of the base of the NPN type triode T3 to pull down the base output voltage of the NPN type triode T3, so as to reduce interference, and ensure that the NPN type triode T3 is not turned on when there is no on signal, that is, the NPN type triode T3 is prevented from malfunctioning, so that the NPN type triode T3 is more reliably turned off, thereby preventing the NPN type triode T3 from being turned on by mistake and causing the increase of the static current of the vehicle-mounted electronic device F.
In addition, in order to simplify the load rejection protection circuit structure, so as to facilitate circuit construction and save circuit occupation space, at least one of the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 may be integrated with the NPN type triode T3, and for example, the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 are both integrated with the NPN type triode T3; meanwhile, the second resistor R2 and the first PNP transistor T1 can be integrated; the fourth resistor R4 is integrated with the second PNP transistor T2.
Fig. 8 is a topology diagram illustrating a load dump protection circuit according to another exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 8, the load dump protection circuit includes: the circuit comprises a first PNP type triode T1, a second PNP type triode T2, an NPN type triode T3, a voltage stabilizing element D, an anti-reverse connection element N, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6 and a seventh resistor R7.
As shown in fig. 8, the emitter of the first PNP type triode T1 is connected to the power supply unit E through the reverse connection preventing element N, the collector of the first PNP type triode T1 is used for being connected to the vehicle-mounted electronic device body FC in the vehicle-mounted electronic device F, and the base of the first PNP type triode T1 is grounded through the first resistor R1; the emitter of the second PNP triode T2 is connected to the power supply unit E through the reverse connection preventing element N, the collector of the second PNP triode T2 is grounded through the first resistor R1, and the base of the second PNP triode T2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4; the base electrode of the NPN type triode T3 is connected with the microprocessor MCU in the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment F through a seventh resistor R7, the collector electrode of the NPN type triode T3 is respectively connected with the base electrode of the first PNP type triode T1 and the collector electrode of the second PNP type triode T2 through a fifth resistor R5, and the emitter electrode of the NPN type triode T3 is grounded; the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing element D is respectively connected with one end of a third resistor R3 and the other end of a fourth resistor R4, and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing element is grounded; the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the power supply unit E through an anti-reverse connection element N; one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the emitter of the first PNP type triode T1, and the other end is connected with the base of the first PNP type triode T1; one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the base of the NPN transistor T3, and the other end is connected to the emitter of the NPN transistor T3.
It should be noted that, the specific operation principle of the load dump protection circuit shown in fig. 8 has been described in detail in the related embodiments, and is not described herein again.
In addition, the load rejection protection circuit provided by the disclosure can also be used for load rejection testing of vehicle-mounted electronic equipment so as to meet the impact testing requirement of high-level load rejection output voltage. In addition, in order to avoid damaging the vehicle-mounted electronic device when the load-shedding test is performed, so as to reduce the test cost, as shown in fig. 9, the vehicle-mounted electronic device body FC to be tested may be replaced by an equivalent element RC (the equivalent element RC is taken as an example of a resistor in fig. 9, and the resistance value of the resistor is 1K Ω for example), wherein the internal resistance of the equivalent element RC is equal to the internal resistance of the vehicle-mounted electronic device body FC to be tested. As shown in fig. 9, the equivalent element RC has one end connected to the collector of the first PNP type triode T1 and the other end grounded.
The specific working principle of the load rejection protection circuit during the load rejection test is similar to that of the load rejection protection circuit during the vehicle running stage, and is not repeated here.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A load dump protection circuit, comprising:
a first PNP type triode (T1), a second PNP type triode (T2), a voltage stabilizing element (D) and a first resistor (R1);
the emitter of the first PNP type triode (T1) is used for being connected with a power supply unit (E), the collector of the first PNP type triode (T1) is used for being connected with a vehicle-mounted electronic equipment body (FC) in vehicle-mounted electronic equipment (F), and the base of the first PNP type triode (T1) is grounded through the first resistor (R1);
the emitter of the second PNP type triode (T2) is used for being connected with the power supply unit (E), the collector of the second PNP type triode (T2) is grounded through the first resistor (R1), and the base of the second PNP type triode (T2) is respectively connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing element (D) and the power supply unit (E);
and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing element (D) is grounded and is used for being conducted when the power supply voltage of the power supply unit (E) is greater than the rated voltage of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment (F) and being cut off when the power supply voltage is less than or equal to the rated voltage.
2. A circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage-stabilizing element (D) is a voltage-regulator tube.
3. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising at least one of:
a second resistor (R2) having one end connected to the emitter of the first PNP triode (T1) and the other end connected to the base of the first PNP triode (T1);
a third resistor (R3) having one end connected to the power supply unit (E) and the other end connected to the positive electrode of the voltage regulator element (D);
and a fourth resistor (R4) having one end connected to the positive electrode of the voltage regulator element (D) and the other end connected to the base of the second PNP type triode (T2).
4. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
and the reverse connection preventing element (N) is used for connecting one end of the reverse connection preventing element with the power supply unit (E), and the other end of the reverse connection preventing element is respectively connected with the emitter of the first PNP type triode (T1) and the anode of the voltage stabilizing element (D), is used for conducting when the reverse connection preventing element is connected with the anode of the power supply unit (E), and is used for stopping when the reverse connection preventing element is connected with the cathode of the power supply unit (E).
5. Circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that the reverse-connection preventing element (N) is a diode.
6. The circuit according to any of claims 1-5, further comprising an NPN triode (T3) and a fifth resistor (R5);
the base electrode of the NPN type triode (T3) is used for being connected with a Microprocessor (MCU) in the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment (F), the collector electrode of the NPN type triode (T3) is respectively connected with the base electrode of the first PNP type triode (T1) and the collector electrode of the second PNP type triode (T2) through the fifth resistor (R5), and the emitter electrode of the NPN type triode (T3) is grounded;
and the Microprocessor (MCU) is used for acquiring the state information of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment (F), outputting a high level when the state information is in an awakening state, and outputting a low level when the state information is in a dormant state.
7. The circuit of claim 6, further comprising:
and a sixth resistor (R6) having one end connected to the base of the NPN type triode (T3) and the other end connected to the emitter of the NPN type triode (T3).
8. The circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that it further comprises a seventh resistor (R7) arranged between the Microprocessor (MCU) and the base of the NPN triode (T3).
9. An in-vehicle electronic apparatus, characterized by comprising:
an in-vehicle electronic apparatus body (FC);
a Microprocessor (MCU); and
load dump protection circuit (L), wherein the load dump protection circuit is a load dump protection circuit according to any of claims 1-8.
10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising:
a power supply unit (E);
at least one vehicle-mounted electronic device (F), wherein the vehicle-mounted electronic device (F) is a vehicle-mounted electronic device according to claim 9.
CN202110276437.8A 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Load throwing protection circuit, vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and vehicle Pending CN115071606A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110276437.8A CN115071606A (en) 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Load throwing protection circuit, vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110276437.8A CN115071606A (en) 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Load throwing protection circuit, vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115071606A true CN115071606A (en) 2022-09-20

Family

ID=83240955

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110276437.8A Pending CN115071606A (en) 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Load throwing protection circuit, vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and vehicle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115071606A (en)

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