CN115071160A - Composite forming process for thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with complex special-shaped cross section - Google Patents
Composite forming process for thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with complex special-shaped cross section Download PDFInfo
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- CN115071160A CN115071160A CN202210713945.2A CN202210713945A CN115071160A CN 115071160 A CN115071160 A CN 115071160A CN 202210713945 A CN202210713945 A CN 202210713945A CN 115071160 A CN115071160 A CN 115071160A
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- fiber
- pipe fitting
- thermosetting
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- forming process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/44—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
- B29C33/52—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles soluble or fusible
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
- B29C33/60—Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
- B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
A composite forming process for a thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with a complex irregular cross section is a composite forming process combining 3D printing and fiber composite weaving and winding. Through heat curing and mold dissolving treatment, the fiber composite material is fully cured, and the core mold is removed, so that the forming of the fiber pipe fitting with the special-shaped section is realized. Is defined as: the fiber pipe core mold is manufactured by 3D printing technology by utilizing the characteristics of high strength, high temperature resistance and easy dissolution in specific solution of gypsum; coating an isolation layer glycerol on the surface of the core mold; winding the fiber prepreg on the surface of the oiling core mold; and (4) performing thermosetting treatment on the prefabricated structure prepared by winding, transferring the prefabricated structure to a dissolving tank for dissolving the mould after the prefabricated structure is completely cured, and removing the core mould material to obtain the final target pipe fitting. The composite process makes full use of the advantages of two forming processes, realizes the structural diversity and strength customization of the pipe fitting while having high strength of fiber materials, and provides guidance for manufacturing high-strength and high-performance structural members in the fields of aerospace, automobile industry and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lightweight forming of fiber pipes, and particularly relates to a forming process research method of a high-strength fiber material pipe fitting with a complex special-shaped cross section.
Background
With the further requirements of aerospace, ship and vehicle industries on the application environment and performance use of products, light weight plays an increasingly important role, and the development of light-weight complex-structure products is becoming a key point. However, when the weight of the parts with complex structures is reduced, the safety indexes such as strength, rigidity and the like of the parts are required to meet the requirements, so that the safety performance of the parts is ensured. In order to solve the contradiction, besides adopting light materials, another important approach is to adopt structural members with strength such as hollow and variable cross sections. Due to the unique structure, compared with plates, the pipe fitting is higher in strength and better in energy absorption effect, is suitable for lightweight manufacturing of parts, and is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace and the like. In the aspect of light materials, the fiber composite material is one of the most widely applied light materials, has obvious advantages compared with metal materials, and has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific rigidity, good stability, good corrosion resistance and long service life. In particular, in the automobile industry, the fiber composite material does not need to be coated on the automobile body, and the cost is low. In addition, the fiber composite material has excellent energy absorption performance and can provide better safety performance for automobiles. The complex irregular-section fiber pipe fitting is developed under the background, on one hand, the complex irregular-section fiber pipe fitting has high specific strength, specific modulus and excellent physical and chemical properties of a fiber composite material, and meanwhile, the complex irregular-section fiber pipe fitting also has the advantage of light structure of a variable-section component and has great application potential. The novel material structure concept puts higher requirements on the forming process, and the traditional forming process causes the defects of complex stress and flowing state in the material deformation process, easy wrinkling, breakage, low forming limit and the like, so that the research and development on the forming process of the fiber pipe fitting with the complex special-shaped section become more important. At present, the forming process of the fiber pipe fitting with the complicated irregular cross section is not mature, so that the application of the fiber pipe fitting in various fields is less. In the field of forming of complex special-shaped section pipe fittings, the mainstream forming mode is hot extrusion forming, and the complex pipe fittings are formed through a plurality of processes after the pipe fittings are extruded and formed; the complex pipe fitting can also be formed at one time by adopting a hydraulic forming process. However, due to the limitation of microstructure and morphology of the metal material, the multi-pass forming method has long period, high cost and poor surface quality, and the forming of the pipe fitting with a complex shape is difficult to realize by using a single forming method. In order to realize the forming of the fiber pipe fitting with the complicated irregular section, a composite forming process combining a 3D printing process and a fiber winding process is provided. The process fully utilizes the advantages of the two processes to realize the forming of the fiber pipe fitting with the complex irregular cross section, and simultaneously utilizes the flexible forming characteristics of the 3D printing process and the winding process to realize the structural diversity and strength customizability of the fiber pipe fitting with the complex irregular cross section, so that the formed product can meet various production and application requirements. How to fuse the two processes and give full play to the process advantages, realizing the forming of the complex irregular-section fiber pipe fitting is an innovative forming process, has great significance for developing high-strength complex irregular-section fiber pipe fittings for aerospace and automobiles, and has certain guiding significance for replacing traditional metal materials with fiber materials and designing and developing high-strength automobile parts according to the continuous development of the field of lightweight automobiles.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a composite forming process for a thermosetting fiber pipe with a complex irregular cross section, which combines a 3D printing process and a fiber weaving, winding and thermosetting process to form the fiber pipe with the complex irregular cross section.
In order to achieve the purpose, the composite forming process of the thermosetting fiber pipe with the complex irregular cross section sequentially comprises the following steps of:
1) firstly, establishing a three-dimensional model of a fiber pipe core mould with a complex irregular cross section, and forming the fiber pipe core mould through 3D printing, wherein the material has high strength, surface hardness, low contractibility and surface roughness after being cured, and the surface quality of the core mould can be improved by optimizing printing parameters, such as reducing the printing speed and the like, in the printing process aiming at the complex profile;
2) carrying out surface coating treatment on the core mold manufactured in the step 1), uniformly coating a barrier layer material on the surface of the core mold, wherein the barrier layer material is glycerol, is in a liquid state at normal temperature, can be dissolved in water and ethanol, is convenient to clean, can be used for isolating the core mold from a fiber material, avoids the core mold from remaining on the fiber material when being dissolved, and is convenient to remove the core mold;
3) winding a thermosetting resin-based fiber prepreg on the surface of the core mold coated with glycerol in the step 2) to prepare a fiber pipe fitting prefabricated structure with a complex irregular cross section, wherein the fiber prepreg is composed of thermosetting resin and continuous fibers, the thermosetting resin is used as a fiber winding structure matrix and is used for a subsequent curing process, the fibers are used as a reinforcement to improve the material performance, different fiber materials can be selected according to the actual performance requirements, the fiber materials can be carbon fibers, glass fibers or hemp materials and the like according to the material, the fiber composite materials with different materials have different mechanical properties, the fiber winding mode has great influence on the mechanical properties of the fiber composite materials in all directions, and the fiber winding mode can be divided into winding modes such as two-dimensional weaving, three-dimensional braiding, three-dimensional knitting and the like;
4) curing the prefabricated structure generated in the step 3), wherein the curing temperature is T according to the curing requirement of the prepreg 1 Curing time of t 1 The complete solidification of the prefabricated structure is realized;
5) and (2) immersing the completely cured prefabricated structure into a dissolving solution, wherein the solution does not influence the performance of the composite material, but the gypsum material has higher solubility in the solution and can be quickly dissolved, the core mold can be quickly removed by matching with methods such as ultrasonic waves and mechanical removal, and after the core mold is completely removed, taking out and drying the fiber pipe fitting to obtain the fiber pipe fitting with the complex special-shaped cross section.
The invention provides a composite forming process for a thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with a complex irregular cross section, which is a composite forming process combining a 3D printing process and a fiber material winding process and aims to realize the forming of the fiber pipe fitting with the irregular cross section. Is defined as: firstly, 3D printing technology is carried out, and the core mould of the fiber pipe fitting with the special-shaped section is manufactured by means of the 3D printing technology. In the process, the core mould material adopts high-strength gypsum, the compression strength after forming can reach more than 40MPa, and the core mould has higher surface quality. The key parameters influencing the strength and the surface quality of the formed core mold comprise 3D printing gypsum powder components, printing speed and drying temperature. After the core mold is formed, in order to prevent the core mold from remaining in the pipe after being dissolved, the surface of the core mold is coated with an isolation layer glycerin. And after oiling, winding fiber prepreg on the surface of the core mold to obtain a prefabricated structure. The main parameters that affect the winding quality include fiber tension and winding temperature. In addition, the properties of the final component can be improved by selecting proper fiber materials and optimizing winding processes, such as fiber winding modes, fiber layer numbers and the like. The prefabricated structure needs to be subjected to heat treatment, namely heating at a certain temperature and for a certain time, so that the composite material in the prefabricated structure is completely cured. After solidification, the core mold is completely removed by utilizing the characteristic that the gypsum has high solubility in a specific solution and matching with the cavitation action, the acceleration action and the direct current action of ultrasonic waves in liquid. The removal rate and cleaning quality can be adjusted by controlling the cleaning medium, ultrasonic power density, ultrasonic frequency and cleaning temperature. And (4) completely removing the core mould to obtain the final fiber pipe fitting with the complex special-shaped section.
The process fully utilizes the advantages of two forming processes, can realize structural diversity and strength customization of the complex special-shaped section pipe fitting while having high strength of fiber materials, provides technical guidance in process optimization and material supply for urgent requirements of structural members with higher strength and higher performance in the fields of aerospace, automobile and the like, and has certain social significance and scientific research value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composite forming process of a thermosetting fiber pipe with a complex irregular cross section provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a specification diagram of a heat treatment process of the composite forming process of the thermosetting fiber pipe with the complex irregular cross section provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated structure of the composite forming process of the thermosetting fiber pipe with the complex irregular cross section provided by the invention.
In the figure: 1-core mould, 2-isolation layer, 3-fiber prepreg and 4-prefabricated structure.
Detailed Description
The composite forming process of the thermosetting fiber pipe with the complex irregular cross section provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the composite forming process for thermosetting fiber pipe with complex irregular cross section provided by the invention comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) firstly, a three-dimensional model of a fiber pipe core mould with a complex irregular cross section is established by using three-dimensional modeling software, the fiber pipe core mould with the complex irregular cross section is formed by using a 3D printer, the printing speed is 100m/s, the core mould material is 3D printing high-strength gypsum powder, and the proportion (mass fraction) of the semi-hydrated gypsum, the polyvinyl alcohol 7.2%, the anhydrite 2.8%, the white carbon black 1.5% and other auxiliary agents is 5.5%. And drying after printing and forming, wherein the drying temperature is 140 ℃, and the drying time is 60 min. The material has higher strength, surface hardness, lower contractibility and surface roughness after being formed, has high temperature resistance and is easy to dissolve in a specific solution;
2) uniformly coating glycerol serving as an isolation layer material on the surface of the core mold prepared in the step 1), wherein the glycerol is liquid at normal temperature and can be dissolved in water and ethanol, so that the glycerol is convenient to remove, and can be used for isolating gypsum and fiber materials to prevent the gypsum from remaining on the fiber materials to influence the material performance;
3) winding thermosetting resin-based fiber prepreg on the surface of the core mould coated with glycerol in the step 2) by using a fiber winding machine, wherein the fiber tension is 5N-60N, the winding temperature is 40 ℃, so as to prepare a prefabricated structure of the fiber pipe fitting with the complicated irregular cross section, the fiber prepreg is composed of thermosetting resin and continuous fibers, the resin is used as a fiber woven structure matrix and is used for a subsequent curing process, and the fibers are used as reinforcement to improve the material performance;
4) curing the prefabricated structure in a heating furnace at 120 ℃ for 90min to realize complete curing of the prefabricated structure;
5) immersing the whole of the completely solidified prefabricated structure into an ultrasonic cleaning pool, wherein the cleaning medium is a saturated sodium thiosulfate solution, and the ultrasonic power density is 0.5W/cm 2 And the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the cleaning temperature is 35 ℃, after 120min, the gypsum core mould is completely removed, the cured pipe fitting with the core mould removed is dried, and after 60min, the fiber pipe fitting with the complex special-shaped section is obtained.
Claims (5)
1. A composite forming process for a thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with a complex irregular cross section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the composite forming process of the thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with the complex irregular cross section comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) establishing a three-dimensional model of a thermosetting fiber pipe fitting core mould with a complex special-shaped cross section, and preparing the core mould by 3D printing of a high-strength gypsum material;
2) coating the surface of the formed core mold with a layer of glycerol serving as a barrier material;
3) winding a thermosetting resin-based fiber prepreg on the surface of a core mold coated with an isolation material to obtain a thermosetting complex irregular-section fiber pipe fitting prefabricated structure;
4) curing the prefabricated structure at a curing temperature T 1 Curing time t 1 Completely curing the thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with the complex special-shaped section;
5) and (3) demolding the completely cured fiber pipe fitting, immersing the cured pipe fitting into a specific solution, quickly dissolving and removing the core mold by means of ultrasonic waves, mechanical removal and the like, and drying to obtain the thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with the complex special-shaped cross section.
2. The composite forming process of the thermosetting fiber pipe with the complex special-shaped section as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite forming process comprises the following steps: the inner core body of the pipe fitting is constructed by utilizing the characteristics of high strength, high temperature resistance and easy dissolution in a specific solution of a core mould material, the core mould material is used as a matrix to support the winding process of the fibers, and the core mould is removed by the specific solution under the premise of not influencing the performance of the fiber composite material by combining the curing process of the thermosetting resin-based composite material, so that the forming of the pipe fitting with the complicated special-shaped section is realized.
3. The composite forming process of the thermosetting fiber pipe with the complex special-shaped section as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite forming process comprises the following steps: the 3D printing forming technology is utilized to construct the core mould in the pipe fitting with any shape, core mould materials with different strengths are selected according to the shape requirement of a finished piece or the requirement of a fiber winding process, the shape and structure diversity of the fiber material pipe fitting is realized, and the selectivity is provided for structural functional materials with different use requirements.
4. The composite forming process of the thermosetting fiber pipe with the complex special-shaped section as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite forming process comprises the following steps: the method has the advantages that the pipe fitting with the complex shape can be woven by utilizing a fiber winding process, the strength customization of the fiber material is realized by adjusting winding weaving parameters and subsequent thermosetting forming parameters, and the selectivity is provided for structural functional materials with different use requirements.
5. The composite forming process of the thermosetting fiber pipe with the complex irregular cross section as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite forming process comprises the following steps: the key technological parameters in the technological process can be effectively controlled by an experimental method, such as fiber winding density, resin curing temperature, dissolution speed of a core mold material in a dissolution liquid and the like, and the diversification and operability of the technological process are realized by adjusting the technological parameters and reasonably optimizing the configuration, so that the method has certain guiding significance for the process formulation of materials with different purposes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210713945.2A CN115071160A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Composite forming process for thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with complex special-shaped cross section |
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| CN202210713945.2A CN115071160A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Composite forming process for thermosetting fiber pipe fitting with complex special-shaped cross section |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115366388A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-11-22 | 四川省美牙康医疗器械有限公司 | Demoulding method of hot-press forming process of shell-shaped plastic product |
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| CN109664432A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-23 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of complex section structure tubulose composite material and preparation method |
| CN109747228A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-05-14 | 机械科学研究总院集团有限公司 | A kind of more composite structure members and its forming technology |
| CN110077013A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-02 | 西安航天恒星科技实业(集团)有限公司 | Continue the composite material and its method of fibre three-dimensional braiding manufacture using preimpregnation glue connection |
| CN111941827A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Method for manufacturing thin-wall special-shaped composite material bearing pipe |
-
2022
- 2022-06-22 CN CN202210713945.2A patent/CN115071160A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102642316A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-22 | 东华大学 | Continuous preparation method of composite material tube |
| CN109747228A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-05-14 | 机械科学研究总院集团有限公司 | A kind of more composite structure members and its forming technology |
| CN109664432A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-23 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of complex section structure tubulose composite material and preparation method |
| CN110077013A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-02 | 西安航天恒星科技实业(集团)有限公司 | Continue the composite material and its method of fibre three-dimensional braiding manufacture using preimpregnation glue connection |
| CN111941827A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Method for manufacturing thin-wall special-shaped composite material bearing pipe |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115366388A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-11-22 | 四川省美牙康医疗器械有限公司 | Demoulding method of hot-press forming process of shell-shaped plastic product |
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