CN115069053A

CN115069053A - Tail gas and dust separation filter

Info

Publication number: CN115069053A
Application number: CN202210880816.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段菽洁; 姚焕乐; 王思远; 王盟; 高猛; 岳东阳; 段绪强; 李秋梅; 张鄂婴
Original assignee: JIANGSU SIFANG BOILER CO LTD
Current assignee: Jiangsu Sifang Clean Energy Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-26
Filing date: 2022-07-26
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2042-07-26
Also published as: CN115069053B

Abstract

The invention discloses a tail gas and dust separation filter, which comprises a heat insulation component, a self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device, a vertical wall ash removal device, a chamber pressure sliding type automatic control component and a base, wherein the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device is arranged on the vertical wall ash removal device; the automatic control device comprises a base, a chamber pressure-sliding automatic control assembly, a heat insulation assembly, a self-rotating solid gas one-way separation device, a vertical wall ash removal device and a self-rotating solid gas one-way separation device, wherein the chamber pressure-sliding automatic control assembly is arranged on the base, the heat insulation assembly is arranged on the chamber pressure-sliding automatic control assembly, the self-rotating solid gas one-way separation device is arranged in the heat insulation assembly, the vertical wall ash removal device is positioned above the self-rotating solid gas one-way separation device, and the self-rotating solid gas one-way separation device and the vertical wall ash removal device are provided with a plurality of groups. The invention belongs to the technical field of dust removing equipment, and particularly relates to a tail gas and dust separating filter capable of realizing unpowered reciprocating motion, self-cleaning and separation of solid dust from gas.

Description

Tail gas and dust separation filter

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dust removing equipment, in particular to a tail gas and dust separating filter.

Background

The waste heat boiler is a boiler which utilizes sensible heat in waste gas, waste material or waste liquid in various industrial processes or (and) heat generated after combustible substances of the waste gas, the waste material or the waste liquid are combusted, or a boiler which utilizes heat of high-temperature tail gas discharged from a gas turbine in a combined cycle unit of fuel oil (or fuel gas) is widely used in industrial furnaces, power machinery and chemical production processes, but after the high-temperature dust-containing waste gas passes through the waste heat boiler, besides temperature is reduced, a part of dust particles can be settled, so that equipment can be blocked and corroded, and the service life of the equipment is influenced; in order to enhance environmental protection and avoid energy waste, the furnace gas is dedusted by a filter device and then discharged or recycled, and a pre-dedusting device is usually used in the process to separate dispersed dust particles from high-temperature tail gas.

In the existing pre-dedusting device: the gravity settling dust removal device is only suitable for purifying dust with large density and coarse particle size; the inertial dust removal device has a simple structure, small resistance (10-80 mm water column), and low purification efficiency (40-80%); although the efficiency of the bag-type dust removal is high, the highest instant value of the tolerable temperature of the bag is only 280 ℃, so that a huge surface air cooler or a mechanical air cooler is required to be added at the front end of the bag to meet the requirement of a filter, and heat energy is greatly lost while the temperature is reduced in the heat exchange process, thereby causing direct economic loss.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation and overcoming the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a tail gas and dust separation filter, aiming at the problems in the prior art, the kinetic energy of the tail gas is converted into the kinetic energy of a resistance converter by utilizing the characteristic of high speed of the tail gas, the unpowered reciprocating type moving cleaning is realized, and simultaneously, the pressure of the tail gas is converted into the pressure of an ash box by utilizing the characteristic of high pressure of the tail gas, so that the tail gas carries out reciprocating impact pressure relief on the ash box and the tail gas box, a hearth pressure control slide block is driven to carry out reciprocating motion, and the dust in the ash box is continuously sprayed out at high pressure; meanwhile, the gas flowable pipe diameter and the solid flowable pipe diameter are adjusted through the hairbrush, so that the design of low resistance to gas and high resistance to solid is realized, and the smoke and dust in the filter are separated from the gas in a deceleration manner.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a tail gas and dust separation filter which comprises a heat insulation component, a self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device, a vertical wall ash removal device, a chamber pressure sliding type automatic control component and a base, wherein the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device is arranged on the vertical wall ash removal device; the automatic control device comprises a chamber pressure sliding type automatic control assembly, a base, a heat preservation assembly, a self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device, a vertical wall ash removal device, a tail gas and a gas supply device, wherein the chamber pressure sliding type automatic control assembly is arranged on the base, the base supports and fixes the chamber pressure sliding type automatic control assembly, the heat preservation assembly is arranged on the chamber pressure sliding type automatic control assembly, the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device is arranged in the heat preservation assembly, the heat preservation assembly supports and fixes the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device, the vertical wall ash removal device is movably arranged in the heat preservation assembly, the vertical wall ash removal device is positioned above the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device, the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device and the vertical wall ash removal device are provided with a plurality of groups, the vertical wall ash removal device continuously moves up and down under the drive of the tail gas, and cleans dust on the vertical wall of the heat preservation assembly; the heat insulation component is internally provided with a limiting frame, the limiting frame is provided with a plurality of groups, a limiting rod is arranged between the limiting frames, the limiting rod is arranged in the vertical direction, the self-rotating gas-solid one-way separation device comprises a pipe wall I, a rotating fan, a middle shaft, a brush I and a sealing bearing, the pipe wall I is arranged in the heat insulation component, the heat insulation component supports and fixes the pipe wall I, one end of the brush I is arranged on the inner wall of the pipe wall I, the other end of the brush I is provided with fluff, one end of the brush I is arranged as a polished rod, the brush I is provided with a plurality of groups, the plurality of groups of brushes are combined into a brush cylinder, an outer ring of the sealing bearing is arranged on the limiting frame, the middle shaft is arranged on an inner ring of the sealing bearing, the limiting frame supports and fixes the sealing bearing and the middle shaft, the middle shaft and the inner ring of the sealing bearing are coaxially rotated under the driving of external force, the rotating fan is arranged on the middle shaft, the rotating fan is provided with a plurality of groups, the rotating fan is obliquely arranged, an upper support and a lower support are arranged on the central shaft, one end of the upper support and one end of the lower support are arranged on the central shaft, the other end of the upper support and the other end of the lower support are provided with dust removing plates, the dust removing plates are provided with a plurality of groups, the dust removing plates are movably arranged in the first hairbrush, the dust removing plates are obliquely arranged, when tail gas of a boiler flows through the self-rotating solid gas one-way separation device through the heat insulation component, the tail gas drives the rotating fan to rotate, the rotating fan drives the central shaft, the upper support, the lower support and the dust removing plates to concentrically rotate, because the rotating fan is obliquely arranged on the central shaft, when the gas flowing in the original vertical direction meets the rotating fan, a component force in the horizontal direction is generated on the rotating fan to push the rotating fan to rotate, and because the action of the force is mutual, the rotating fan applies a reaction force in the horizontal direction to the gas, the rotating fan pushes dust to fly into the first brush through a horizontal reaction force applied to gas, the dust removing plate and the rotating fan rotate concentrically, the dust removing plate extends into the first brush, the first brush is flapped by the dust removing plate, the dust on the first brush moves to one end of the first brush under the action of the dust removing plate and inertia force, a fluff part at the other end of the first brush blocks the passage of high-speed airflow, one end of the first brush and a pipe wall form a sinking channel free of resistance to solid dust, the density of gas in the fluff at the other end of the first brush is small, the volume of the gas is small, the gas in tail gas can freely flow and rise through the fluff, the density of the dust as solid particles is large, the volume of the dust is large, the resistance is more difficult to move when the dust passes through the fluff, the gas flowing in the fluff does not have enough flow velocity to drive the dust to continue to move any more, and the dust is flapped into one end of the first brush by the dust removing plate, the dust collector continuously descends and accumulates under the action of gravity, realizes the design of low resistance to gas and high resistance to solid, and has the dust removing function in the gas flowing process.

The vertical wall ash removal device comprises a resistance converter, a support rod, a pipe wall II and a brush II, wherein a through hole I is formed in the middle of the resistance converter, a limiting rod penetrates through the resistance converter through the through hole I, the resistance converter can slide up and down along the limiting rod under the action of external force, the resistance converter comprises a top disc, a rotating blade, a rotating disc, a fixed disc and a transmission mechanism, the fixed disc is connected with the limiting rod in a sliding mode, limiting convex points are arranged on the fixed disc, a sliding groove I is formed in the limiting rod, the inner surface of the sliding groove I is smoothly arranged, the limiting convex points are clamped into the sliding groove I, when the fixed disc slides up and down along the limiting rod, on one hand, the limiting rod enables the fixed disc to only move in the vertical direction, and on the other hand, the limiting rod enables the fixed disc not to rotate when moving in the vertical direction; the fixed disk is provided with fixing bolts, fixing columns and outer teeth, the rotating disk is movably arranged on the fixed disk, a second sliding groove is formed in the rotating disk, the second sliding groove penetrates through the rotating disk, the rotating disk is provided with inner teeth, the fixing bolts and the fixing columns are arranged in the second sliding groove, when the rotating disk is subjected to external force, the second sliding groove can slide along the fixing bolts, the fixing bolts and the fixing columns have a limiting effect on the movement of the second sliding groove, the outer teeth and the inner teeth are oppositely arranged, the inner teeth and the outer teeth form a groove with internal gear teeth, the upper surface of the fixing bolts is flush with the upper surface of the rotating disk, the upper surface of the fixing columns is higher than the upper surface of the rotating disk, the top disk is arranged on the fixing columns, and the fixing columns support and fix the top disk; the transmission mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft, a power wheel, a first gear, a second gear, a toothed disc, a third gear, a fourth gear, a fifth gear, a sixth gear and a seventh gear, the fixed disc is provided with a notch, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are arranged on the side wall of the notch, the notch supports and fixes the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft, the power wheel is movably arranged on the second rotating shaft, when the resistance changer moves up and down along the limiting rod, the power wheel rolls on the surface of the limiting rod, the acting force in the vertical direction between the power wheel and the limiting rod is static friction force, the power wheel can rotate around the second rotating shaft under the action of external force, the toothed disc is movably arranged on the third rotating shaft, the toothed disc can rotate around the third rotating shaft under the action of the external force, the first gear is arranged on the power wheel, the second gear is arranged on the toothed disc, the first gear and the second gear are mutually meshed, the third gear, the fourth gear, the fifth gear and the seventh gear are movably arranged on the fixed disc, the third gear is meshed with the toothed disc, the fourth gear is meshed with the third gear, the fifth gear is an incomplete gear, the fifth gear is meshed with external teeth, the fifth gear can only be meshed with the external teeth and cannot be meshed with the internal teeth in a movable range, the seventh gear is meshed with the internal teeth and the external teeth, the sixth gear is arranged on the fifth gear, the sixth gear is meshed with the fourth gear, the rotating blade is arranged on the seventh gear, the rotating blade rotates along with the rotation of the seventh gear, the vertical wall ash cleaning device is positioned at the bottom of the heat preservation component initially, the rotating blade is in an open state, and after tail gas is introduced, because the resistance of the rotating blade to the airflow is large, the upward force of the airflow to the vertical wall ash cleaning device is larger than the downward force of the vertical wall ash cleaning device, the vertical wall ash cleaning device does an accelerated motion upwards along the limiting rod under the action of air flow, the power wheel rolls upwards clockwise along the limiting rod under the driving of the vertical wall ash cleaning device and drives the first gear to rotate clockwise, the first gear drives the second gear and the chain wheel to rotate anticlockwise, the chain wheel drives the third gear to rotate clockwise, the third gear drives the fourth gear to rotate anticlockwise, the fourth gear drives the sixth gear and the fifth gear to rotate clockwise, the fifth gear drives the external teeth to rotate clockwise, the external teeth drives the rotating disc to rotate clockwise around the limiting rod, meanwhile, the external teeth drive the seventh gear to revolve clockwise along the internal teeth while performing clockwise rotation, the rotating blades are gradually closed under the driving of the seventh gear, the resistance is gradually reduced by an upward force and is finally smaller than a downward force, and the change of the speed of the upward motion of the vertical wall ash cleaning device is changed from an upward acceleration to an upward deceleration, before the upward movement speed of the vertical wall ash removal device is reduced to 0m/s, the vertical wall ash removal device is contacted with a limiting frame above a heat insulation component, the speed of the vertical wall ash removal device is changed to 0m/s under the blocking of the limiting frame, at the moment, a rotating blade is completely withdrawn into a resistance converter, then the vertical wall ash removal device moves downwards in an accelerated manner under the action of gravity, a power wheel rolls anticlockwise along a limiting rod under the driving of the vertical wall ash removal device and drives a first gear to rotate anticlockwise, the first gear drives a second gear and a toothed disc to rotate clockwise, the toothed disc drives a third gear to rotate anticlockwise, the third gear drives a fourth gear to rotate clockwise, the fourth gear drives a sixth gear and a fifth gear to rotate anticlockwise, the fifth gear drives an external gear to rotate anticlockwise, the external gear drives the rotating disc to rotate anticlockwise around the limiting rod, and the external gear drives a seventh gear to revolve anticlockwise along internal teeth while being self-transmitted clockwise, the rotating blades are gradually opened under the driving of the seventh gear, the resistance converter is gradually increased by upward force and is finally larger than downward force, the downward movement speed change of the vertical wall ash removal device is changed from downward acceleration to downward deceleration, the vertical wall ash removal device is contacted with a limiting frame below the heat insulation assembly before the downward movement speed of the vertical wall ash removal device is reduced to 0m/s, the speed of the vertical wall ash removal device is changed to 0m/s under the blocking of the limiting frame, at the moment, the rotating blades are completely opened, and the vertical wall ash removal device is continuously moved up and down by means of the power of tail gas; one end of the supporting rod is arranged on the resistance changer, the other end of the supporting rod is arranged on the pipe wall II, the hairbrush II is in vertical wall sliding contact with the heat-preservation assembly, when the vertical wall ash removal device moves up and down along the limiting rod, the hairbrush can clean dust on the vertical wall of the heat-preservation assembly, the dust on the vertical wall of the heat-preservation assembly can be completely cleaned by utilizing an excess action principle, and the dust on the hairbrush II can be shaken off by utilizing the collision between the vertical wall ash removal device and the limiting frame.

Wherein, the chamber pressure sliding type automatic control component comprises an ash discharge pipe, an ash box and an ash falling component, the ash discharge pipe is arranged in the base, the ash box is arranged on the upper wall of the base, the ash box comprises a first chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding component, a second chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding component, a pull rod port and an ash discharge port, the first chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding component is arranged on the left side inside the ash box, the second chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding component is arranged on the right side inside the ash box, the pull rod port penetrates through the side wall of the ash box, the ash discharge port penetrates through the bottom wall of the ash box, the ash discharge port is connected with the ash discharge pipe, the ash falling component is arranged on the upper wall of the ash box, the upper wall of the ash box is provided with a through hole, the ash falling component is arranged on the upper end of the through hole, the ash falling component comprises a reset magnetic piece, a special-shaped plate, a reset spring and a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is arranged on the upper wall of the ash box, the special-shaped plate is movably arranged on the first rotating shaft, the special-shaped plate is made of ferromagnetic materials, the reset magnetic piece has magnetism, the reset magnetic part is arranged on the upper wall of the furnace ash box, one end of the special-shaped plate is movably connected with the reset magnetic part, when the special-shaped plate is contacted with the reset magnetic part, the special-shaped plate is attracted and connected by the reset magnetic part, one end of the reset spring is connected with the upper wall of the furnace dust box, the special-shaped plate seals the through hole, the other end of the special-shaped plate is hinged with the other end of the reset spring, the special-shaped plate can rotate around the rotating shaft under the action of external force, dust in tail gas is accumulated on the special-shaped plate after being cleaned, when the dust reaches a certain amount, under the effect of dust gravity, the special-shaped plate overcomes the elasticity of the reset spring and the attraction of the reset magnetic part and rotates anticlockwise around the first rotating shaft, the heat preservation assembly is communicated with the furnace dust box at the moment, and dust falls into the furnace dust box.

Preferably, the first hearth pressure self-adjusting sliding component comprises a first limiting block, a first friction block, a second friction block, a first hearth pressure spring, a second hearth pressure spring, a first hearth pressure control sliding block and a second limiting block, the first friction block and the first hearth pressure spring are arranged on the side wall of the ash box, the first limiting block is arranged between the first friction block and the first hearth pressure spring and is tightly attached to the first friction block, the length of the first limiting block is greater than that of the first friction block, the hearth pressure control sliding block is movably arranged in the ash box, the hearth pressure control sliding block can slide left and right in the ash box under the action of external force, when the hearth pressure control sliding block is arranged at the leftmost end, the hearth pressure control sliding block is arranged at the left side of the ash outlet, when the hearth pressure control sliding block is arranged at the rightmost end, the hearth pressure control sliding block is arranged above the ash outlet, the hearth pressure control sliding block seals the ash outlet, and the second friction block is hinged to the hearth pressure control sliding block, the friction block II is in sliding contact with the friction block I, the contact surface of the friction block I and the friction block II is an inclined surface, one end of the chamber pressure spring II is arranged on the ash box, the other end of the chamber pressure spring II is arranged on the friction block II, the limiting block II is arranged in the ash box, when the chamber pressure control slide block moves to the leftmost end, the chamber pressure control slide block is in contact with the limiting block I, and when the chamber pressure control slide block moves to the rightmost end, the chamber pressure control slide block is in contact with the limiting block II; the chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding-variable assembly II comprises a third limiting block, a fourth limiting block, a tail gas box air pressure control sliding block, a tail gas box spring and a tail gas box, wherein the tail gas box is arranged on the right side of the furnace ash box, the tail gas box is communicated with the heat insulation assembly, the gas after dust removal and heat energy recovery flows into the tail gas box, the third limiting block is arranged in the furnace ash box, the tail gas box air pressure control sliding block is arranged in the furnace ash box in a sliding mode, the tail gas box air pressure control sliding block can slide left and right in the furnace ash box under the action of external force, the fourth limiting block is arranged in the tail gas box, one end of the tail gas box spring is arranged on the fourth limiting block, the other end of the tail gas box spring is arranged on the tail gas box air pressure control sliding block, the tail gas box is provided with a first gas outlet and a second gas outlet, the first gas outlet and the second gas outlet penetrate through the bottom of the furnace ash box, and the first gas outlet is arranged on the left side of the fourth limiting block, the second air outlet is arranged on the right side of the limiting block, when the tail gas box air pressure control slide block slides to the leftmost end, the tail gas box air pressure control slide block is separated from the first air outlet, a tail gas box spring is in an original long state, when the tail gas box air pressure control slide block slides to the rightmost end, the tail gas box air pressure control slide block covers the first air outlet, and the tail gas box air pressure control slide block seals the first air outlet; after dust falls into the furnace ash box, because tail gas in the heat-insulating pipe enters the furnace ash box through the through hole, the tail gas applies a downward force to the special-shaped plate, the special-shaped plate can not return to the original position, the ash falling assembly is always in an open state, the tail gas enters the furnace ash box through the through hole, the air pressure in the furnace ash box is gradually increased, the chamber pressure control slide block is pressed leftwards, the tail gas box air pressure control slide block is pressed rightwards, the friction block I and the friction block II can not be compressed and can only slide mutually, before the leftwards force applied to the friction block II is greater than the maximum static friction force between the friction block II and the friction block I, the position of the chamber pressure control slide block is always unchanged, the ash outlet is always in a sealed state, because the tail gas box spring can be compressed, the tail gas box air pressure control slide block moves rightwards to extrude the tail gas box spring, and the gas outlet I is sealed, when the tail gas box air pressure control slide block can not move, the air pressure in the furnace ash box gradually rises until the air pressure is equal to the air pressure in the heat insulation assembly, the special-shaped plate returns to the original position under the action of the reset spring, the tail gas flows into the tail gas box through the heat insulation assembly, only the air outlet I in the tail gas box is sealed, the air inlet speed of the tail gas box is higher than the air outlet speed, the air pressure of the tail gas box is increased, and finally the air pressure control sliding block of the tail gas box is pushed to move leftwards, so that the air pressure in the furnace ash box is further increased, the leftward pressure borne by the hearth pressure control sliding block is further increased and exceeds the maximum static friction force between the friction block I and the friction block II, so that the friction block II overcomes the friction force between the friction block I and the friction block II to slide leftwards, the friction force between the friction block I and the friction block II is reduced from the maximum static friction force to sliding friction force, and the hearth pressure control sliding block rapidly moves leftwards under the action of the air pressure in the furnace ash box, the first hearth pressure spring and the second hearth pressure spring are compressed, the ash outlet is opened, dust in the ash box is blown out through the ash outlet and the ash outlet pipe under the action of air pressure, the air pressure in the ash box is reduced, the second hearth pressure spring extrudes the second friction block, so that friction force still exists between the second friction block and the first friction block, the friction force between the second friction block and the first friction block and the resultant force of air in the ash box on the first hearth pressure control slide block are greater than the elastic force of the first hearth pressure spring, the first hearth pressure control slide block is kept static, when the air pressure in the ash box is the same as the atmospheric pressure, the dust is not blown out any more, the elastic force of the first hearth pressure spring is greater than the friction force between the second friction block and the first friction block, the first hearth pressure control slide block overcomes the friction force to move rightwards and is in contact with the second limiting block under the action of the first hearth pressure spring, and the ash outlet is sealed again; when the chamber pressure control slide block moves leftwards and removes the sealing of the ash outlet, the tail gas box air pressure control slide block moves rightwards to remove the sealing of the first air outlet under the action of the spring elasticity of the tail gas box because the air pressure in the ash box is reduced.

The heat preservation assembly comprises an air inlet, a heat preservation pipe, a connecting pipe and a heat preservation box, the heat preservation box is arranged on a furnace ash box, the heat preservation pipe is arranged in the heat preservation box, the heat preservation box supports and fixes the heat preservation pipe, a second through hole and a heat preservation pipe necking are formed in the bottom of the heat preservation pipe, the second through hole is formed in the upper portion of the special-shaped plate, cleaned smoke dust in the heat preservation assembly falls onto the special-shaped plate through the second through hole in the bottom of the heat preservation pipe, the heat preservation pipe necking is formed in the lower portion of the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device, and the inner diameter of the heat preservation pipe necking is identical to that of the hairbrush cylinder, so that dust cleaned to one end of the first hairbrush can bypass the necking and fall onto the special-shaped plate and cannot be blown up again by tail gas; one end of the connecting pipe is arranged on the heat-insulating pipe, the other end of the connecting pipe is arranged on the tail gas box, tail gas which is cleaned of smoke dust and recovered of heat energy is introduced into the tail gas box, and the air inlet is arranged on the upper portion of the heat-insulating pipe, so that dust cannot be accumulated to block the air inlet.

Preferably, the heat insulation box and the heat insulation pipe are filled with heat insulation materials, so that heat in the tail gas is prevented from losing in the filter.

Preferably, the base is equipped with outlet channel one, outlet channel two and outlet channel three, outlet channel one is located in the base, outlet channel one communicates with gas outlet one, outlet channel two is located in the base, outlet channel two communicates with gas outlet two, outlet channel three is located in the base, outlet channel three links to each other with outlet channel one and outlet channel two, and the tail gas after the purification flows out the back from the tail gas tank, flows to outlet channel three through outlet channel one and outlet channel two to flow to the exhaust channel three from outlet channel three and go on to the exhaust-heat boiler.

The hearth pressure control sliding block is provided with a threaded hole, the hearth pressure control sliding block can be pulled leftwards through the pull rod opening and the threaded hole during maintenance, the ash outlet is opened, the exhaust fan and the ash outlet are connected and exhaust air, and residual dust in the heat preservation pipe and the ash box can be cleaned.

The first brush and the second brush are made of aluminum silicate fibers and can bear the high temperature of 1700 ℃, so that the device can be suitable for pre-dedusting operation of waste heat recovery in industries such as metal smelting and the like.

The invention with the structure has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the vertical wall ash removal device is utilized, so that the heat preservation pipe cannot be blocked due to dust deposition in use, unpowered reciprocating free movement of the vertical wall ash removal device is realized by means of the design of the resistance converter and the second brush, and the dust on the vertical wall of the heat preservation assembly is completely cleaned by utilizing an excess action principle.

(2) The density and volume difference of the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device and the solid gas are utilized, so that the gas can continuously flow through the first brush, the solid smoke and dust loses kinetic energy with the first brush contact opening and falls under the action of gravity, the first brush is arranged to isolate the influence of air flow on the solid smoke and dust, and the separation of the solid smoke and dust and the gas is realized.

(3) The heat preservation pipe throat sets up to provide a stable storage area for the smoke and dust, makes the smoke and dust can not receive ascending effort again and continue the motion along with the air current after piling up, through the design of the movable ash falling subassembly, utilizes the easy flow direction of air current to easily pass through the characteristics of route, makes the smoke and dust of pushing away the accumulation on dysmorphism board can be blown into in the ash box of stove completely.

(4) The design of the porcelain coating in the heat-insulating pipe reduces the loss of heat on one hand and reduces the corrosion of tail gas to the pipeline on the other hand.

(5) By utilizing the characteristic that the maximum static friction force is greater than the sliding friction force, the hearth pressure control slide block can move quickly after reaching the critical pressure, so that enough air pressure can be accumulated in the furnace dust box, and the aim of fully cleaning the smoke dust in the furnace dust box is fulfilled.

(6) The design of the first chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding component and the second chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding component realizes the automatic high-pressure circulating cleaning of unpowered smoke dust, and reduces the investment of manual operation through the design of a simple mechanical structure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exhaust gas dust separation filter provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a spacing frame of the exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an ash drop assembly of an exhaust gas and dust separation filter according to the present invention

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a limiting rod of the exhaust gas-dust separation filter provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of a limiting rod of an exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at B;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at C;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device of a tail gas-dust separation filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a central shaft of an exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a rotating fan of the exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a dust-removing plate of an exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a first brush structure of an exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a vertical wall ash removal device of an exhaust gas-dust separation filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance converter of an exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a rotary vane of an exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention;

fig. 17 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 15 at D;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a fifth gear of an exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a first top view of a rotating disk of an exhaust gas dust separation filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a second top view of a rotating disk of an exhaust gas and dust separating filter according to the present invention;

fig. 21 is a plan view of a fixed disk of an exhaust gas-dust separating filter according to the present invention.

Wherein, 1, a heat preservation component, 2, a self-rotating gas-solid one-way separation device, 3, a vertical wall ash cleaning device, 4, a chamber pressure sliding type automatic control component, 5, a base, 6, a limiting frame, 7, a limiting rod, 8, a threaded hole, 11, an air inlet, 12, a heat preservation pipe, 13, a connecting pipe, 14, a heat preservation box, 15, a second through hole, 16, a necking of the heat preservation pipe, 21, a first pipe wall, 22, a rotating fan, 23, a middle shaft, 24, a first brush, 25, a sealing bearing, 26, an upper bracket, 27, a lower bracket, 28, a dust removal plate, 31, a resistance changer, 32, a supporting rod, 33, a second pipe wall, 34, a second brush, 35, a first through hole, 311, a top plate, 312, a rotating blade, 313, a rotating plate, 314, a fixed plate, 315, a transmission mechanism, 316, a limiting block, 3131, a second sliding groove, 3132, internal teeth, 3141, a fixed bolt, 3142, a convex point, 3143, external teeth, 3144, a fixed point, 3143, external teeth, 3144, A notch, 3151, a second rotating shaft, 3152, a third rotating shaft, 3153, a power wheel, 3154, a first gear, 3155, a second gear, 3156, a toothed disc, 3157, a third gear, 3158, a fourth gear, 3159, a fifth gear, 31510, a sixth gear, 31511, a seventh gear, 41, an ash pipe, 42, a furnace ash box, 43, a falling ash component, 421, a first bore pressure self-regulating sliding component, 422, a second bore pressure self-regulating sliding component, 423, a draw rod port, 424, an ash outlet, 425, a through hole, 431, a reset magnetic component, 432, a profiled plate, 433, a reset spring, 434, a first rotating shaft, 4211, a first limit block, 4212, a first friction block, 4213, a second friction block, 4214, a first bore pressure spring, a second bore pressure spring, 4216, a bore pressure control slider, 4217, a second limit block, a third limit block, 4222, a fourth friction block, 4223, a tail gas pressure control slider, a 4224, a tail gas pressure control slider, a tail gas box, 4225, 4226. the gas outlet I4227, the gas outlet II, 51, the gas outlet channels I, 52, the gas outlet channels II, 53, the gas outlet channels III, 71 and the sliding groove I.

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11, fig. 12 and fig. 13, the tail gas and dust separating filter of the present invention comprises a heat insulation component 1, a self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2, a vertical wall ash removing device 3, a bore pressure sliding self-control component 4 and a base 5; the hearth pressure sliding type automatic control assembly 4 is arranged on a base 5, the base 5 supports and fixes the hearth pressure sliding type automatic control assembly 4, the heat preservation assembly 1 is arranged on the hearth pressure sliding type automatic control assembly 4, the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2 is arranged in the heat preservation assembly 1, the heat preservation assembly 1 supports and fixes the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2, the vertical wall ash removal device 3 is movably arranged in the heat preservation assembly 1, the vertical wall ash removal device 3 is positioned above the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2, the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2 and the vertical wall ash removal device 3 are provided with a plurality of groups, the vertical wall ash removal device 3 continuously moves up and down under the driving of tail gas, and dust on the vertical wall of the heat preservation assembly 1 is cleaned; a limiting frame 6 is arranged in a heat preservation assembly 1, a plurality of groups of limiting frames 6 are arranged, limiting rods 7 are arranged between the limiting frames 6, the limiting rods 7 are arranged in the vertical direction, a self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2 comprises a pipe wall I21, a rotating fan 22, a middle shaft 23, a brush I24 and a sealing bearing 25, the pipe wall I21 is arranged in the heat preservation assembly 1, the heat preservation assembly 1 supports and fixes the pipe wall I21, one end of the brush I24 is arranged on the inner wall of the pipe wall I21, the other end of the brush I24 is provided with fluff, one end of the brush I24 is arranged as a polished rod, the brush I24 is provided with a plurality of groups, the plurality of groups of the brush I24 are combined into a brush cylinder, an outer ring of the sealing bearing 25 is arranged on the limiting frame 6, the middle shaft 23 is arranged on an inner ring of the sealing bearing 25, the limiting frames 6 support and fix the sealing bearing 25 and the middle shaft 23, and the middle shaft 23 coaxially rotate under the driving of an external force, the rotating fan 22 is arranged on a central shaft 23, the rotating fan 22 is provided with a plurality of groups, the rotating fan 22 is obliquely arranged, the central shaft 23 is provided with an upper support 26 and a lower support 27, one end of the upper support 26 and one end of the lower support 27 are arranged on the central shaft 23, the other end of the upper support 26 and the other end of the lower support 27 are provided with dust removing plates 28, the dust removing plates 28 are provided with a plurality of groups, the dust removing plates 28 are movably arranged in a first brush 24, the dust removing plates 28 are obliquely arranged, when tail gas of a boiler flows through the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2 through the heat insulation component 1, the tail gas drives the rotating fan 22 to rotate, the rotating fan 22 drives the central shaft 23, the upper support 26, the lower support 27 and the dust removing plates 28 to concentrically rotate, and because the rotating fan 22 is obliquely arranged on the central shaft 23, when gas flowing in the original vertical direction meets the rotating fan 22, a horizontal component force is generated on the rotating fan 22 to push the rotating fan 22 to rotate, because the forces are mutually acted, the rotating fan 22 applies a horizontal reaction force to the gas, the rotating fan 22 pushes the dust to fly into the first brush 24 through the horizontal reaction force applied to the gas, the dust removing plate 28 and the rotating fan 22 concentrically rotate, the dust removing plate 28 extends into the first brush 24, the dust removing plate 28 beats the first brush 24, the dust on the first brush 24 moves to one end of the first brush 24 under the action of the dust removing plate 28 and the inertia force, the fluff part at the other end of the first brush 24 blocks the passing of high-speed airflow, one end of the first brush 24 and the pipe wall 21 form a sinking channel without resistance to the solid dust, the density of the gas in the fluff at the other end of the first brush 24 is small, the gas in the tail gas can freely flow and rise through the fluff, the dust as solid particles has large density and large volume, the resistance is larger and difficult to move when passing through the fluff, the gas flowing in the fluff has no enough flow velocity to drive the dust to move continuously, the dust is beaten into one end of the first brush 24 by the dust removal plate 28 and continuously descends and accumulates under the action of gravity, the design of low resistance to the gas and high resistance to the solid is realized, and the function of removing dust in the gas flowing process is realized.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5, 6, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21, the vertical wall ash removing device 3 includes a resistance changer 31, a support rod 32, a tube wall two 33 and a brush two 34, a first through hole 35 is provided in the middle of the resistance changer 31, a limit rod 7 is provided through the resistance changer 31 via the first through hole 35, the resistance changer 31 can slide up and down along the limit rod 7 under the external force, the resistance changer 31 includes a top plate 311, a rotary vane 312, a rotary plate 313, a fixed plate 314 and a transmission mechanism 315, the fixed plate 314 is connected with the limit rod 7 in a sliding manner, a limit bump 316 is provided on the fixed plate 314, a first sliding groove 71 is provided on the limit rod 7, the inner surface of the sliding groove one 71 is smoothly provided, the limit bump 316 is inserted into the first sliding groove 71, when the fixed plate 314 slides up and down along the limit rod 7, on one hand, the limit rod 7 makes the fixed plate 314 only move in the vertical direction, on the other hand, the limiting rod 7 prevents the fixed disc 314 from rotating when moving in the vertical direction; a fixed bolt 3141, a fixed column 3142 and external teeth 3143 are arranged on the fixed disc 314, the rotating disc 313 is movably arranged on the fixed disc 314, a sliding groove II 3131 is arranged on the rotating disc 313, the sliding groove II 3131 penetrates through the rotating disc 313, internal teeth 3132 are arranged on the rotating disc 313, the fixed bolt 3141 and the fixed column 3142 are arranged in the sliding groove II 3131, when the rotating disc 313 receives an external force, the sliding groove II 3131 can slide along the fixed bolt 3141, the fixed bolt 3141 and the fixed column 3142 play a limiting role in the movement of the sliding groove II 3131, the external teeth 3143 and the internal teeth 3132 are arranged oppositely, the internal teeth 3132 and the external teeth 3143 form a groove with internal gear teeth, the upper surface of the fixed bolt 3141 is flush with the upper surface of the rotating disc 313, the upper surface of the fixed column 3142 is higher than the upper surface of the rotating disc 313, the top disc 311 is arranged on the fixed column 3142, and the fixed column 3142 supports and fixes the top disc 311; the transmission mechanism 315 comprises a second rotating shaft 3151, a third rotating shaft 3152, a power wheel 3153, a first gear 3154, a second gear 3155, a toothed disc 3156, a third gear 3157, a fourth gear 3158, a fifth gear 3159, a sixth gear 31510 and a seventh gear 31511, the fixing disc 314 is provided with a notch 3144, the second rotating shaft 3151 and the third rotating shaft 3152 are arranged on the side wall of the notch 3144, the notch 3144 supports and fixes the second rotating shaft 3151 and the third rotating shaft 3152, the power wheel 3153 is movably arranged on the second rotating shaft 3151, when the resistance changer 31 moves up and down along the limiting rod 7, the power wheel 3153 rolls on the surface of the limiting rod 7, the acting force in the vertical direction between the power wheel 3153 and the limiting rod 7 is static friction force, the power wheel 3153 can rotate around the second rotating shaft 3151 under the action of external force, the toothed disc 3156 is movably arranged on the third rotating shaft 3152, the toothed disc 3156 can rotate around the third rotating shaft 3152 under the action of external force, the first gear 3154 is arranged on the power wheel 3153, a second gear 3155 is arranged on a chain wheel 3156, a first gear 3154 and the second gear 3155 are mutually meshed, a third gear 3157, a fourth gear 3158, a fifth gear 3159 and a seventh gear 31511 are movably arranged on a fixed disc 314, the third gear 3157 and the chain wheel 3156 are mutually meshed, the fourth gear 3158 and the third gear 3157 are mutually meshed, the fifth gear 3159 is an incomplete gear, the fifth gear 3159 is meshed with external teeth 3143, the fifth gear 3159 can only be mutually meshed with the external teeth 3143 in a movable range and cannot be meshed with internal teeth 3132, the seventh gear 31511 is mutually meshed with the internal teeth 3132 and the external teeth 3143, a sixth gear 31510 is arranged on the fifth gear 3159, the sixth gear 31510 is meshed with the fourth gear 3158, a rotary vane 312 is arranged on the seventh gear 31511, the rotary vane 312 rotates along with the rotation of the seventh gear 31511, initially, the vertical wall device 3 is positioned at the bottom of the assembly 1, the rotary vane 312 is in a heat preservation state, and the tail gas is opened after being introduced, because the resistance of the rotating blade 312 to the air flow is large, the upward force of the air flow to the vertical wall ash removal device 3 is larger than the downward force applied to the vertical wall ash removal device 3, the vertical wall ash removal device 3 will do an accelerated motion upwards along the limiting rod 7 under the action of the air flow, the power wheel 3153 rolls upwards clockwise along the limiting rod 7 under the driving of the vertical wall ash removal device 3 and drives the first gear 3154 to rotate clockwise, the first gear 3154 drives the second gear 3155 and the chain wheel 3156 to rotate counterclockwise, the chain wheel 3156 drives the third gear 3157 to rotate clockwise, the third gear 3157 drives the fourth gear 3158 to rotate counterclockwise, the fourth gear 3158 drives the sixth gear 31510 and the fifth gear 3159 to rotate clockwise, the fifth gear 3159 drives the external teeth 3143 to rotate clockwise, the external teeth 3143 drives the rotating disc 313 to rotate clockwise around the limiting rod 7, and simultaneously the external teeth 3143 drives the seventh gear 31511 to revolve clockwise along the internal teeth 3132 while performing a self-rotation clockwise, the rotating blade 312 is gradually closed under the driving of the seventh gear 31511, the resistance changer 31 is gradually reduced by upward force and is finally smaller than downward force, the upward movement speed change of the vertical wall ash cleaning device 3 is changed from upward acceleration to upward deceleration, before the upward movement speed of the vertical wall ash cleaning device 3 is reduced to 0m/s, the vertical wall ash cleaning device 3 is contacted with the limiting frame 6 above the heat preservation component 1, the speed of the vertical wall ash cleaning device 3 is changed to 0m/s under the blocking of the limiting frame 6, at this time, the rotating blade 312 is completely retracted into the resistance changer 31, then the vertical wall ash cleaning device 3 is accelerated downwards under the action of gravity, the power wheel 3153 rolls along the limiting rod 7 anticlockwise under the driving of the vertical wall ash cleaning device 3 and drives the first gear 3154 to rotate anticlockwise, the first gear 3154 drives the second gear 3155 and the chain wheel 3156 to rotate clockwise, the chain wheel 3156 drives the third gear 3157 to rotate counterclockwise, the third gear 3157 drives the fourth gear 3158 to rotate clockwise, the fourth gear 3158 drives the sixth gear 31510 and the fifth gear 3159 to rotate counterclockwise, the fifth gear 3159 drives the external teeth 3143 to rotate counterclockwise, the external teeth 3143 drives the rotating disc 313 to rotate counterclockwise around the limit rod 7, simultaneously the external teeth 3143 drives the seventh gear 31511 to revolve counterclockwise along the internal teeth 3132 while transferring clockwise, the rotating blade 312 is gradually opened under the driving of the seventh gear 31511, the resistance changer 31 receives an upward force and is gradually increased and finally larger than a downward force, the downward movement speed change of the vertical wall ash removing device 3 is changed from downward acceleration to downward deceleration, before the downward movement speed of the vertical wall ash removing device 3 is reduced to 0m/s, the vertical wall ash removing device 3 is contacted with the limit frame 6 below the heat preservation component 1, the speed of the vertical wall ash removing device 3 is changed to 0m/s under the blocking of the limit frame 6, at this time, the rotating blade 312 is completely opened, and the uninterrupted up-and-down motion of the vertical wall ash removal device 3 is realized by means of the power of tail gas; one end of the supporting rod 32 is arranged on the resistance converter 31, the other end of the supporting rod 32 is arranged on the pipe wall two 33, the brush two 34 is in vertical wall sliding contact with the heat preservation assembly 1, when the vertical wall ash removal device 3 moves up and down along the limiting rod 7, the brush two 34 cleans dust on the vertical wall of the heat preservation assembly 1, the dust on the vertical wall of the heat preservation assembly 1 is completely cleaned by utilizing the excess action principle, and the dust on the brush two 34 is shaken off by utilizing the collision of the vertical wall ash removal device 3 and the limiting frame 6.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4, 7 and 8, the chamber pressure sliding type automatic control assembly 4 includes an ash discharge pipe 41, an ash box 42 and an ash drop assembly 43, the ash discharge pipe 41 is disposed in the base 5, the ash box 42 is disposed on the upper wall of the base 5, the ash box 42 includes a chamber pressure self-regulating sliding type assembly 421, a chamber pressure self-regulating sliding type assembly two 422, a rod port 423 and an ash discharge port 424, the chamber pressure self-regulating sliding type assembly one 421 is disposed on the left side of the inside of the ash box 42, the chamber pressure self-regulating sliding type assembly two 422 is disposed on the right side of the inside of the ash box 42, the rod port 423 is disposed through the side wall of the ash box 42, the ash discharge port 424 is disposed through the bottom wall of the ash box 42, the ash discharge port 424 is connected to the ash discharge pipe 41, the ash drop assembly 43 is disposed on the upper wall of the ash box 42, the upper wall of the ash box 42 is provided with a through hole 425, the ash drop assembly 43 is disposed on the upper end of the through hole 425, the ash drop assembly 43 includes a reset magnetic member 431, a rotating shaft plate 432, a return spring 433 and a rotating shaft 434, the first rotating shaft 434 is arranged on the upper wall of the furnace dust box 42, the special-shaped plate 432 is movably arranged on the first rotating shaft 434, the special-shaped plate 432 is made of ferromagnetic materials, the resetting magnetic part 431 has magnetism, the resetting magnetic part 431 is arranged on the upper wall of the furnace dust box 42, one end of the special-shaped plate 432 is movably connected with the resetting magnetic part 431, when the special-shaped plate 432 is contacted with the resetting magnetic part 431, the special-shaped plate 432 is attracted and connected by the resetting magnetic part 431, one end of the resetting spring 433 is connected with the upper wall of the furnace dust box 42, the through hole 425 is sealed by the special-shaped plate 432, the other end of the special-shaped plate 432 is hinged with the other end of the resetting spring 433, the special-shaped plate 432 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 434 under the action of external force, dust in tail gas is accumulated on the special-shaped plate 432 after being cleaned, when the dust reaches a certain amount, under the action of the gravity of the dust, the special-shaped plate 432 overcomes the elasticity of the resetting magnetic part 433 and rotates around the first rotating shaft 434 anticlockwise around the first rotating shaft 434, the insulation assembly 1 is now in communication with the ash bin 42 and the dust falls into the ash bin 42.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4, 7 and 8, the first bore pressure self-adjusting slide assembly 421 includes a first stopper 4211, a first friction block 4212, a second friction block 4213, a first bore pressure spring 4214, a second bore pressure spring 4215, a first bore pressure control slider 4216 and a second stopper 4217, the first friction block 4212 and the first bore pressure spring 4214 are disposed on the side wall of the ash box 42, the first stopper 4211 is disposed between the first friction block 4212 and the first bore pressure spring 4214 and is disposed in close contact with the first friction block 4212, the first stopper 4211 has a length greater than the first friction block 4212, the first bore pressure control slider 4216 is movably disposed in the ash box 42, the first bore pressure control slider 4216 is capable of sliding right-left in the ash box 42 under the action of external force, the first bore pressure control slider 4216 is disposed above the first bore pressure control slider 42424 at the leftmost end, the hearth pressure control sliding block 4216 seals the ash outlet 424, the second friction block 4213 is hinged to the hearth pressure control sliding block 4216, the second friction block 4213 is in sliding contact with the first friction block 4212, the contact surface of the first friction block 4212 and the second friction block 4213 is an inclined surface, one end of the second hearth pressure spring 4215 is arranged on the ash box 42, the other end of the second hearth pressure spring 4215 is arranged on the second friction block 4213, the second limit block 4217 is arranged in the ash box 42, when the hearth pressure control sliding block 4216 moves to the leftmost end, the hearth pressure control sliding block 4216 is in contact with the first limit block 4211, and when the hearth pressure control sliding block 4216 moves to the rightmost end, the hearth pressure control sliding block 4216 is in contact with the second limit block 4217; the chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding component II 422 comprises a third limiting block 4221, a fourth limiting block 4222, a tail gas box air pressure control slider 4223, a tail gas box spring 4224 and a tail gas box 4225, the tail gas box 4225 is arranged on the right side of the furnace ash box 42, the tail gas box 4225 is communicated with the heat preservation component 1, the gas subjected to dust removal and heat energy recovery flows into the tail gas box 4225, the third limiting block 4221 is arranged in the furnace ash box 42, the tail gas box air pressure control slider 4223 is arranged in the furnace ash box 42 in a sliding mode, the tail gas box air pressure control slider 4223 can slide left and right in the furnace ash box 42 under the action of external force, the fourth limiting block 4222 is arranged in the tail gas box 4225, one end of the tail gas box spring 4224 is arranged on the fourth limiting block 4222, the other end of the tail gas box spring 4224 is arranged on the tail gas box air pressure control slider 4223, the tail gas box 4225 is provided with a first air outlet 4226 and a second air outlet 4227, the first air outlet 4226 and the second air outlet 4227 penetrate through the bottom of the furnace ash box 4242, the first limiting block 4226 is arranged on the left side of the fourth air outlet 4222, the second air outlet 4227 is arranged on the right side of the fourth limit block 4222, when the exhaust box air pressure control slider 4223 slides to the leftmost end, the exhaust box air pressure control slider 4223 is separated from the first air outlet 4226, the exhaust box spring 4224 is in an original long state, when the exhaust box air pressure control slider 4223 slides to the rightmost end, the exhaust box air pressure control slider 4223 covers the first air outlet 4226, and the exhaust box air pressure control slider 4223 seals the first air outlet 4226; after dust falls into the ash box 42, because tail gas in the heat preservation pipe 12 enters the ash box 42 through the through hole 425, the tail gas applies a downward force to the special-shaped plate 432, the special-shaped plate 432 cannot return to the original position, the ash falling component 43 is always in an open state, the tail gas enters the ash box 42 through the through hole 425, the air pressure in the ash box 42 is gradually increased, the chamber pressure control sliding block 4216 is pressed leftwards, the tail gas box air pressure control sliding block 4223 is pressed rightwards, because the first friction block 4212 and the second friction block 4213 cannot be compressed and can only slide mutually, before the leftward force applied to the second friction block 4213 is greater than the maximum static friction force between the second friction block 4213 and the first friction block 4212, the position of the chamber pressure control sliding block 4216 is not changed all the time, the ash outlet 424 is always in a sealed state, because the tail gas box spring 4224 can be compressed rightwards, the tail gas box air pressure control sliding block 4223 extrudes the tail gas box spring 4224, and the first air outlet 4226 is sealed, when the tail gas box air pressure control sliding block 4223 cannot move, the air pressure in the furnace ash box 42 gradually rises until the air pressure is equal to the air pressure in the heat insulation component 1, the special-shaped plate 432 returns to the original position under the action of the return spring 433, tail gas flows into the tail gas box 4225 through the heat insulation component 1, the air pressure in the furnace ash box 42 is further increased because the first air outlet 4226 in the tail gas box 4225 is sealed and only the second air outlet 4227 exhausts air, the air inlet speed of the tail gas box 4225 is higher than the air outlet speed, the air pressure of the tail gas box 4225 is increased, and finally the tail gas box air pressure control sliding block 4223 is pushed to move leftwards, so that the air pressure in the furnace ash box 42 is further increased, the leftward pressure borne by the chamber pressure control sliding block 4216 is further increased and exceeds the maximum static friction force between the first friction block 4212 and the second friction block 4213, the friction force between the first friction block 4212 and the friction block 4213 is reduced to the maximum static friction force, the chamber pressure control slider 4216 moves leftwards rapidly under the action of air pressure in the ash box 42, the first chamber pressure spring 4214 and the second chamber pressure spring 4215 are compressed, the ash outlet 424 is opened, dust in the ash box 42 is blown out through the ash outlet 424 and the ash outlet pipe 41 under the action of the air pressure, the air pressure in the ash box 42 is reduced, the second friction block 4213 is pressed by the second chamber pressure spring 4215, so that friction force still exists between the second friction block 4213 and the first friction block 4212, the friction force between the second friction block 4213 and the first friction block 4212 and the resultant force of air in the ash box 42 to the chamber pressure control slider 4216 are larger than the elastic force of the first chamber pressure spring 4214, the chamber pressure control slider 4216 keeps still, when the air pressure in the ash box 42 is the same as the atmospheric pressure, the dust is not blown out any more, the elastic force of the first chamber pressure spring 4214 is larger than the elastic force between the second friction block 4213 and the first friction block 4212, the chamber pressure control slider 4216 moves rightwards and overcomes the limit block 4217, the ash port 424 is again sealed; when the chamber pressure control slide 4216 moves leftwards and releases the sealing of the ash outlet 424, the tail gas box air pressure control slide 4223 moves rightwards under the action of the elastic force of the tail gas box spring 4224 to release the sealing of the first air outlet 4226 due to the reduction of the air pressure in the ash box 42.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4, 7 and 8, the heat preservation assembly 1 includes an air inlet 11, a heat preservation pipe 12, a connection pipe 13 and a heat preservation box 14, the heat preservation box 14 is arranged on the furnace dust box 42, the heat preservation pipe 12 is arranged in the heat preservation box 14, the heat preservation box 14 supports and fixes the heat preservation pipe 12, the bottom of the heat preservation pipe 12 is provided with a second through hole 15 and a heat preservation pipe necking 16, the second through hole 15 is arranged on the upper portion of the special-shaped plate 432, the cleaned smoke dust in the heat preservation assembly 1 falls on the special-shaped plate 432 through the through hole at the bottom of the heat preservation pipe 12, the heat preservation pipe necking 16 is arranged on the lower portion of the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2, and the inner diameter of the heat preservation pipe necking 16 is the same as the inner diameter of the brush cylinder, so that the dust cleaned to one end of the brush 24 can fall onto the special-shaped plate 432 around the necking and cannot be blown up again by the tail gas; one end of the connecting pipe 13 is arranged on the heat preservation pipe 12, the other end of the connecting pipe 13 is arranged on the tail gas box 4225, the tail gas with the smoke and dust removed and the heat energy recovered is introduced into the tail gas box 4225, and the air inlet 11 is arranged on the upper portion of the heat preservation pipe 12, so that the dust cannot be accumulated to block the air inlet 11.

As shown in fig. 1, 6, 7, 9, 13 and 14, the thermal insulation box 14 and the thermal insulation pipe 12 are filled with thermal insulation material to prevent heat in the exhaust gas from losing in the filter, the base 5 is provided with a first outlet channel 51, a second outlet channel 52 and a third outlet channel 53, the first outlet channel 51 is arranged in the base 5, the first outlet channel 51 is communicated with the first outlet 4226, the second outlet channel 52 is arranged in the base 5, the second outlet channel 52 is communicated with the second outlet 4227, the third outlet channel 53 is arranged in the base 5, the third outlet channel 53 is connected with the first outlet channel 51 and the second outlet channel 52, the purified exhaust gas flows out of the exhaust gas box 4225, flows to the third outlet channel 53 through the first outlet channel 51 and the second outlet channel 52 and flows to the waste heat boiler from the third outlet channel 53, the chamber pressure control slider 4216 is provided with a threaded hole 8, and the chamber pressure control slider 4216 can be pulled leftward through the pull rod 423 and the threaded hole 8 during maintenance, the ash outlet 424 is opened, an exhaust fan is connected with the ash outlet 424 for exhausting air, residual dust in the heat preservation pipe 12 and the ash box 42 can be cleaned, and the first brush 24 and the second brush 34 are made of aluminum silicate fibers.

When the exhaust gas purification device is used specifically, the third air outlet channel 53 is connected with a waste heat boiler, high-temperature exhaust gas flows into the rear heat insulation pipe 12 from the air inlet 11 and then sequentially passes through the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2, the vertical wall ash removal device 3, the connecting pipe 13 and the exhaust gas box 4225, when the high-temperature exhaust gas flows through the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device 2 through the heat insulation assembly 1, the exhaust gas drives the rotating fan 22 to rotate, the rotating fan 22 drives the middle shaft 23, the upper support 26, the lower support 27 and the dust removal plate 28 to concentrically rotate, because the rotating fan 22 is obliquely arranged on the middle shaft 23, when gas flowing in the vertical direction meets the rotating fan 22, a component force in the horizontal direction is generated on the rotating fan 22 to push the rotating fan 22 to rotate, and because the action forces are mutual, the rotating fan 22 applies a reaction force in the horizontal direction to the gas, the rotating fan 22 pushes dust to fly into the first brush 24 through the reaction force in the horizontal direction applied to the gas, the dust removing plate 28 and the rotating fan 22 rotate concentrically, the dust removing plate 28 extends into the first brush 24, the dust removing plate 28 flaps the first brush 24, dust on the first brush 24 moves to one end of the first brush 24 under the action of the dust removing plate 28 and inertia force, fluff parts at the other end of the first brush 24 prevent high-speed airflow from passing through, one end of the first brush 24 and the pipe wall 21 form a sinking channel free of resistance to solid dust, the density of gas in the fluff at the other end of the first brush 24 is small, the gas in tail gas can freely flow and rise through the fluff, the dust as solid particles is large in density and large in volume, the resistance is larger and difficult to move when the solid particles pass through the fluff, the gas flowing in the fluff no longer has enough flow velocity to drive the dust to continue to move, the dust is flap by the dust removing plate 28 into one end of the first brush 24, and continuously falls and accumulates on the dust falling assembly 43 under the action of gravity, initially, the vertical wall ash removal device 3 is statically placed on the limiting frame 6 at the bottom, the rotating blade 312 is in an open state, after tail gas flows through the vertical wall ash removal device 3, because the resistance of the rotating blade 312 to the gas flow is large, the upward force of the gas flow to the vertical wall ash removal device 3 is larger than the downward force received by the vertical wall ash removal device 3, the vertical wall ash removal device 3 performs an accelerated motion upwards along the limiting rod 7 under the action of the gas flow, the power wheel 3153 rolls clockwise along the limiting rod 7 under the driving of the vertical wall ash removal device 3 and drives the first gear 3154 to rotate clockwise, the first gear 3154 drives the second gear 3155 and the toothed disc 3156 to rotate counterclockwise, the toothed disc 3156 drives the third gear 3157 to rotate clockwise, the third gear 3157 drives the fourth gear 3158 to rotate counterclockwise, the fourth gear 3158 drives the sixth gear 31510 and the fifth gear 3159 to rotate clockwise, the fifth gear 3159 drives the external teeth 3143 to rotate clockwise, the external teeth 3143 drive the rotating disc 313 to rotate clockwise around the limiting rod 7, simultaneously, the external teeth 3143 drive the seventh gear 31511 to revolve clockwise around the internal teeth 3132 while rotating clockwise, the rotating blades 312 are gradually closed under the drive of the seventh gear 31511, the resistance changer 31 is gradually reduced by upward force and finally is smaller than downward force, the upward movement speed change of the vertical wall ash removing device 3 is changed from upward acceleration to upward deceleration, before the upward movement speed of the vertical wall ash removing device 3 is reduced to 0m/s, the vertical wall ash removing device 3 is contacted with the limiting frame 6 above the heat insulation component 1, the speed of the vertical wall ash removing device 3 is changed to 0m/s under the blocking of the limiting frame 6, at this time, the rotating blades 312 are completely retracted into the resistance changer 31, then the vertical wall ash removing device 3 is accelerated downward under the action of gravity, the power wheel 3153 is driven by the vertical wall ash removing device 3 to roll anticlockwise along the limiting rod 7, and drives the first gear 3154 to rotate counterclockwise, the first gear 3154 drives the second gear 3155 and the chain wheel 3156 to rotate clockwise, the chain wheel 3156 drives the third gear 3157 to rotate counterclockwise, the third gear 3157 drives the fourth gear 3158 to rotate clockwise, the fourth gear 3158 drives the sixth gear 31510 and the fifth gear 3159 to rotate counterclockwise, the fifth gear 3159 drives the outer teeth 3143 to rotate counterclockwise, the outer teeth 3143 drives the rotating disc 313 to rotate counterclockwise around the limiting rod 7, meanwhile, the outer teeth 3143 drives the seventh gear 31511 to revolve counterclockwise along the inner teeth 3132 while transmitting clockwise, the rotating vanes 312 are gradually opened under the drive of the seventh gear 31511, the resistance changer 31 is subjected to an upward force which is gradually increased and is finally larger than a downward force, the speed change of the downward movement of the vertical wall soot cleaning device 3 is changed from downward acceleration to downward deceleration, before the speed of the downward movement of the vertical wall soot cleaning device 3 is reduced to 0m/s, the vertical wall ash removal device 3 is in contact with the limiting frame 6 below the heat insulation component 1, the speed of the vertical wall ash removal device 3 is changed to 0m/s under the blocking of the limiting frame 6, at the moment, the rotating blade 312 is completely opened, and the vertical wall ash removal device 3 can continuously move up and down by means of the power of tail gas; one end of the supporting rod 32 is arranged on the resistance converter 31, the pipe wall two 33 is arranged at the other end of the supporting rod 32, the brush two 34 is arranged on the pipe wall two 33, the brush two 34 is in sliding contact with the vertical wall of the heat preservation component 1, when the vertical wall ash cleaning device 3 moves up and down along the limiting rod 7, the brush two 34 cleans dust on the vertical wall of the heat preservation component 1, the dust on the vertical wall of the heat preservation component 1 is completely cleaned by utilizing an excess action principle, the dust on the brush two 34 is shaken off by utilizing the collision of the vertical wall ash cleaning device 3 and the limiting frame 6, the shaken off dust falls on the dust falling component 43 through a sinking channel which is formed by one end of the brush one 24 and the pipe wall one 21 and has no resistance to solid dust, and the outer side of the necking 16 of the heat preservation pipe, and the special-shaped plate 432 rotates anticlockwise around the rotating shaft one 434 by overcoming the elastic force of the return spring 433 and the attractive force of the return magnetic part 431 under the action of the dust gravity along with the dust falling component 43, at the moment, the heat preservation assembly 1 is communicated with the furnace dust box 42, and dust falls into the furnace dust box 42; after dust falls into the ash box 42, because the airflow in the heat preservation pipe 12 rushes into the ash box 42 and applies a downward pressure to the special-shaped plate 432, the special-shaped plate 432 cannot return to the original position, the ash falling assembly 43 is always in an open state, tail gas enters the ash box 42 through the through hole 425, the air pressure in the ash box 42 is gradually increased, the chamber pressure control sliding block 4216 is pressed leftwards, the tail gas box air pressure control sliding block 4223 is pressed rightwards, because the first friction block 4212 and the second friction block 4213 cannot be compressed and can only slide mutually, before the leftward force applied to the second friction block 4213 is greater than the maximum static friction force between the second friction block 4213 and the first friction block 4212, the position of the chamber pressure control sliding block 4216 is not changed all the time, the ash outlet 424 is always in a sealed state, because the tail gas box spring 4224 can be compressed, the tail gas box air pressure control sliding block 4223 moves rightwards to extrude the tail gas box spring 4224 and seal the first air outlet 4226, when the tail gas box air pressure control slide block 4223 cannot move, the air pressure in the furnace ash box 42 gradually rises until the air pressure is equal to the air pressure in the heat preservation assembly 1, the special-shaped plate 432 returns to the original position under the action of the return spring 433, tail gas flows into the tail gas box 4225 through the heat preservation assembly 1, only the second air outlet 4227 exhausts air due to the first air outlet 4226 in the tail gas box 4225 being sealed, the air inlet speed of the tail gas box 4225 is higher than the air outlet speed, the air pressure of the tail gas box 4225 is increased, and finally the tail gas box air pressure control slide block 4223 is pushed to move leftwards, so that the air pressure in the furnace ash box 42 is further increased, the leftward pressure applied to the chamber pressure control slide block 4216 is further increased and exceeds the maximum static friction force between the first friction block 4212 and the second friction block 4213, the friction force between the first friction block 4212 and the second friction block 4213 is reduced to the static friction force from the maximum friction force, the chamber pressure control slider 4216 moves leftwards rapidly under the action of air pressure in the hearth box 42, the first chamber pressure spring 4214 and the second chamber pressure spring 4215 are compressed, the ash outlet 424 is opened, dust in the hearth box 42 is blown out under the action of the air pressure, the air pressure in the hearth box 42 is reduced, the second chamber pressure spring 4215 extrudes the second friction block 4213, so that friction force still exists between the second friction block 4213 and the first friction block 4212, the friction force between the second friction block 4213 and the first friction block 4212 and the resultant force of air in the hearth box 42 to the chamber pressure control slider 4216 are greater than the elastic force of the first chamber pressure spring 4214, the chamber pressure control slider 4216 keeps still, when the air pressure in the hearth box 42 is the same as the atmospheric pressure, the dust is not blown out any more, the elastic force of the first chamber pressure spring 4214 is greater than the elastic force between the second friction block 4213 and the first friction block 4212, the pressure control slider 4216 moves rightwards under the action of the first chamber pressure spring 4214 to overcome the friction force and is in contact with a limiting block 4217, the ash port 424 is again sealed; when the hearth pressure control slide block 4216 moves leftwards and releases the sealing of the ash outlet 424, the tail gas box air pressure control slide block 4223 moves rightwards under the action of the elastic force of the tail gas box spring 4224 to release the sealing of the first air outlet 4226 due to the reduction of the air pressure in the ash box 42; the tail gas passing through the heat preservation pipe 12 is cleaned of dust, then flows into a tail gas box 4225 through a connecting pipe 13, and finally flows into a waste heat boiler through a third air outlet channel 53 to carry out waste heat recovery; when the boiler is overhauled, the chamber pressure control sliding block 4216 can be pulled leftwards through the pull rod opening 423 and the threaded hole 8, the ash outlet 424 is opened, the exhaust fan is connected with the ash outlet 424 for exhausting air, and residual dust in the heat preservation pipe 12 and the ash box 42 can be cleaned.

The invention has strong applicability, can be applied to pre-dedusting of waste heat boilers such as sintering machine waste heat boilers, three-waste mixed combustion furnaces and blowing gas waste heat boilers, cement kiln waste heat boilers, steel waste heat boilers, hazardous waste heat boilers, waste incineration waste heat boilers, coking waste heat boilers, non-ferrous metal smelting waste heat boilers, waste heat boilers in the ore furnace industry, glass kiln waste heat boilers, coke dry quenching waste heat boilers, carbon kiln waste heat boilers, gas steam turbine waste heat boilers, steel-making waste heat boilers and the like, has simple operation, and can realize unpowered automatic dedusting, automatic dust discharging and automatic cleaning by directly connecting the invention with the waste heat boilers.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

The present invention and its embodiments have been described above, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An exhaust dust separation filter, its characterized in that: comprises a heat preservation component, a self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device, a vertical wall ash removal device, a chamber pressure sliding type automatic control component and a base; the hearth pressure-sliding type automatic control assembly is arranged on the base, the heat insulation assembly is arranged on the hearth pressure-sliding type automatic control assembly, the self-rotating solid gas one-way separation device is arranged in the heat insulation assembly, the vertical wall ash removal device is movably arranged in the heat insulation assembly and is positioned above the self-rotating solid gas one-way separation device, a plurality of groups of self-rotating solid gas one-way separation devices and vertical wall ash removal devices are arranged in the heat insulation assembly, a limiting frame is arranged in the heat insulation assembly and is provided with a plurality of groups, limiting rods are arranged between the limiting frames and are arranged in the vertical direction, the self-rotating solid gas one-way separation device comprises a pipe wall I, a rotating fan, a central shaft, a brush I and a sealing bearing, the pipe wall I is arranged in the heat insulation assembly, one end of the brush I is arranged on the inner wall of the pipe wall I, the other end of the brush I is provided with fluff, one end of the brush I is provided with a polished rod, the improved electric fan is characterized in that the first hairbrush is provided with a plurality of groups, the outer ring of the sealing bearing is arranged on the limiting frame, the middle shaft is arranged on the inner ring of the sealing bearing, the rotating fan is arranged on the middle shaft, the rotating fan is provided with a plurality of groups, the rotating fan is arranged in an inclined mode, the middle shaft is provided with an upper support and a lower support, one end of the upper support and one end of the lower support are arranged on the middle shaft, the other end of the upper support and the other end of the lower support are provided with dust removing plates, the dust removing plates are provided with a plurality of groups, the dust removing plates are movably arranged in the first hairbrush, and the dust removing plates are arranged in an inclined mode.

2. The exhaust gas dust separating filter according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical wall ash removal device comprises a resistance cross converter, a support rod, a pipe wall II and a brush II, wherein a through hole I is formed in the middle of the resistance cross converter, a limiting rod penetrates through the resistance cross converter through the through hole I, the resistance cross converter comprises a top disc, a rotating blade, a rotating disc, a fixed disc and a transmission mechanism, the fixed disc is connected with the limiting rod in a sliding mode, a limiting convex point is arranged on the fixed disc, a sliding groove I is formed in the limiting rod, and the limiting convex point is clamped into the sliding groove I; the fixed disc is provided with a fixed bolt, a fixed column and external teeth, the rotating disc is movably arranged on the fixed disc, the rotating disc is provided with a second sliding groove, the second sliding groove penetrates through the rotating disc, the rotating disc is provided with internal teeth, the fixed bolt and the fixed column are arranged in the sliding groove, the external teeth and the internal teeth are oppositely arranged, the upper surface of the fixed bolt is flush with the upper surface of the rotating disc, the upper surface of the fixed column is higher than the upper surface of the rotating disc, the top disc is arranged on the fixed column, the transmission mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft, a power wheel, a first gear, a second gear, a toothed disc, a third gear, a fourth gear, a fifth gear, a sixth gear and a seventh gear, the fixed disc is provided with a notch, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are arranged on the side wall of the notch, the power wheel is movably arranged on the second rotating shaft, and the toothed disc is movably arranged on the third rotating shaft, the power wheel is located to first gear, the second gear is located on the chain wheel, first gear and second gear intermeshing, third gear, fourth gear, fifth gear and seventh gear activity are located on the fixed disk, third gear and chain wheel intermeshing, fourth gear and third gear intermeshing, the fifth gear is incomplete gear, fifth gear and external tooth mesh, seventh gear and internal tooth and external tooth intermeshing, the sixth gear is located on the fifth gear, sixth gear and fourth gear meshing, the rotatory leaf is located on the seventh gear.

3. The exhaust gas dust separating filter according to claim 2, wherein: the hearth pressure sliding type automatic control assembly comprises an ash discharge pipe, an ash box and an ash falling assembly, the ash discharge pipe is arranged in the base, the ash box is arranged on the upper wall of the base, the ash box comprises a hearth pressure self-adjusting sliding assembly I, a hearth pressure self-adjusting sliding assembly II, a pull rod port and an ash discharge port, the hearth pressure self-adjusting sliding assembly I is arranged on the left side inside the ash box, the hearth pressure self-adjusting sliding assembly II is arranged on the right side inside the ash box, the pull rod port penetrates through the side wall of the ash box, the ash discharge port penetrates through the bottom wall of the ash box, the ash discharge port is connected with the ash discharge pipe, the ash falling assembly is arranged on the upper wall of the ash box, the upper wall of the ash box is provided with a through hole, the ash falling assembly is arranged at the upper end of the through hole, the ash falling assembly comprises a resetting magnetic piece, a special-shaped plate, a resetting spring and a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is arranged on the upper wall of the ash box, the special-shaped plate is movably arranged on the first rotating shaft, the dysmorphism board is made for ferromagnetic material, the magnetism spare that resets is located on the ash bin upper wall, the one end and the magnetism spare swing joint that resets of dysmorphism board, reset spring's one end links to each other with ash bin upper wall, the other end of dysmorphism board and reset spring's the other end are articulated.

4. The exhaust gas dust separating filter according to claim 3, wherein: the first chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding component comprises a first limiting block, a first friction block, a second friction block, a first chamber pressure spring, a second chamber pressure spring, a chamber pressure control slide block and a second limiting block, the first friction block and the first chamber pressure spring are arranged on the side wall of the ash box, the first limit block is arranged on the side wall of the ash box, the first limiting block is positioned between the first friction block and the first chamber pressure spring and is arranged close to the first friction block, the length of the first limiting block is greater than that of the first friction block, the hearth pressure control slide block is movably arranged in the ash box, the friction block II is hinged on the hearth pressure control slide block, the second friction block is in sliding contact with the first friction block, the contact surface of the first friction block and the second friction block is an inclined surface, one end of the second hearth pressure spring is arranged on the ash box, the other end of the second hearth pressure spring is arranged on the second friction block, and the second limiting block is arranged in the ash box.

5. The exhaust gas dust separating filter according to claim 4, wherein: the chamber pressure self-adjusting sliding assembly II comprises a third limiting block, a fourth limiting block, a tail gas box air pressure control slider, a tail gas box spring and a tail gas box, the tail gas box is arranged on the right side of the furnace ash box, the tail gas box is communicated with the heat dissipation assembly, the third limiting block is arranged in the furnace ash box, the tail gas box air pressure control slider is arranged in the furnace ash box in a sliding mode, the fourth limiting block is arranged in the tail gas box, one end of the tail gas box spring is arranged on the fourth limiting block, the other end of the tail gas box spring is arranged on the tail gas box air pressure control slider, the tail gas box is provided with a first gas outlet and a second gas outlet, the first gas outlet and the second gas outlet penetrate through the bottom of the furnace ash box, the first gas outlet is arranged on the four left sides of the first limiting block, and the second gas outlet is arranged on the four right sides of the limiting blocks.

6. The exhaust gas dust separating filter according to claim 5, wherein: the heat insulation assembly comprises an air inlet, a heat insulation pipe, a connecting pipe and a heat insulation box, the heat insulation box is arranged on the furnace ash box, the heat insulation pipe is arranged in the heat insulation box, a second through hole and a heat insulation pipe necking are formed in the bottom of the heat insulation pipe, the second through hole is formed in the upper portion of the special-shaped plate, and the heat insulation pipe necking is formed in the lower portion of the self-rotating solid-gas one-way separation device; one end of the connecting pipe is arranged on the heat preservation pipe, the other end of the connecting pipe is arranged on the tail gas box, and the air inlet is arranged on the upper portion of the heat preservation pipe.

7. The exhaust gas dust separating filter according to claim 6, wherein: the heat insulation box and the heat insulation pipe are filled with heat insulation materials.

8. The exhaust gas dust separating filter according to claim 7, wherein: the base is equipped with outlet channel one, outlet channel two and outlet channel three, outlet channel one is located in the base, outlet channel one communicates with gas outlet one, outlet channel two is located in the base, outlet channel two communicates with gas outlet two, outlet channel three is located in the base, outlet channel three links to each other with outlet channel one and outlet channel two.

9. The exhaust gas dust separating filter according to claim 8, wherein: the chamber pressure control slide block is provided with a threaded hole.

10. The exhaust gas dust separating filter according to claim 9, wherein: the first brush and the second brush are made of aluminum silicate fibers.