CN115068985A - External rubbing high-efficiency filter and filter material cleaning method - Google Patents

External rubbing high-efficiency filter and filter material cleaning method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115068985A
CN115068985A CN202111014738.XA CN202111014738A CN115068985A CN 115068985 A CN115068985 A CN 115068985A CN 202111014738 A CN202111014738 A CN 202111014738A CN 115068985 A CN115068985 A CN 115068985A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
filter material
filter
pipe
tank body
pump
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Pending
Application number
CN202111014738.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陶贤文
袁国清
李金林
付强伟
刘晓杰
曾晟
茹瑞英
连广宇
韩宗谭
李晓帆
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Engineering Design Co Ltd
China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corp
Original Assignee
China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Engineering Design Co Ltd
China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China National Petroleum Corp, CNPC Engineering Design Co Ltd, China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corp filed Critical China National Petroleum Corp
Priority to CN202111014738.XA priority Critical patent/CN115068985A/en
Publication of CN115068985A publication Critical patent/CN115068985A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D24/00Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/46Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
    • B01D24/4631Counter-current flushing, e.g. by air
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D24/00Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/46Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
    • B01D24/4668Regenerating the filtering material in the filter by moving the filtering element

Abstract

The invention discloses an external rubbing high-efficiency filter and a filter material cleaning method, which comprises the following steps: the filter comprises a filter tank body and a filter material separating device arranged in the filter tank body, wherein a sieve tube is arranged in the filter material separating device; the top of the filter tank body is provided with a water inlet pipe and a rubbed filter material suction pipe, the filter tank body is provided with a rubbing pump, a water inlet of the rubbing pump is connected with the rubbed filter material suction pipe, and a water outlet of the rubbing pump extends into the sieve pipe through a rubbed filter material discharge pipe; the bottom of the sieve tube is provided with a clean filter material discharge port, and the sieve tube and the middle separation cavity of the filter material separation device are connected with a sewage recovery system through an oil stain discharge pipe; the middle part of the filter tank body is provided with a filter material layer and a screen layer at the bottom of the filter, and a clean filter material discharge port is higher than the filter material layer; the bottom of the filter tank body is provided with a backwashing water inlet pipe, a filtered water outlet pipe and a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe. The filter has the advantages of large treatment capacity, small occupied area, excellent backwashing effect and the like.

Description

External rubbing high-efficiency filter and filter material cleaning method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filters, in particular to an external rubbing high-efficiency filter and a filter material cleaning method.
Background
The scale of oily sewage treatment in domestic oil fields is generally small, and the research and development of large and efficient walnut shell filters are limited.
The crude oil yield of each oil field in the middle east is high, the separated oil-containing sewage quantity is gradually increased along with the increase of the water content (the treatment capacity is different from hundreds of thousands of barrels per day to millions of barrels per day), and as domestic oil and gas field engineering service enterprises continuously go out of the national acquisition projects, under the condition of meeting the transportation size, the development of a large-scale and high-efficiency walnut shell filter which has high treatment capacity, high filtration rate and thorough backwashing as much as possible is particularly urgent. Under the same total treatment capacity, the required equipment is less, for example, the single treatment capacity is up to 5-8 ten thousand barrels per day (331-530 m) 3 H), the occupied area is small, and the primary investment is low; the large-scale and high-efficiency filter has wide application prospect in offshore oil fields.
The existing walnut shell filter for rubbing and washing in vitro has the following filtering principle and filtering material washing principle:
1. and (3) normal filtering process: as shown in fig. 1, during normal filtration, oily sewage enters a filter tank body 2 through a water inlet pipe 1, a small amount of oil stains and suspended matters carried in the sewage are intercepted by a filter material layer 3 through the adsorption and filtration effects of the filter material after contacting with the filter material, and the filtered water is collected through a sieve pipe layer 4 at the bottom of the filter and then discharged through a filtered water outlet pipe 6; along with the increase of oil stains and suspended matters intercepted by the filter layer, the filter layer is compacted, the pores are reduced, the loss of a filter head is gradually increased, the filter speed is reduced, the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the filter layer is increased, in order to ensure the water quality of filtered water, when the pressure difference reaches a certain value, an automatic control system of the filter carries out automatic backwashing, or a backwashing program is manually started after a high pressure difference alarm is given, and after the backwashing of the filter layer is finished, the filter returns to a normal filtering stage;
2. the cleaning process of the filter material is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, during backwashing, backwashing water enters the tank through a backwashing water inlet pipe 5, filter materials in the tank are bulked and fluidized, the fluidized scrubbed filter materials are pumped out from a scrubbed filter material suction pipe 7 at the top and enter a scrubbing pump 9, oil stains are separated from the filter materials through stirring, friction and the like of the scrubbing pump 9, a mixture of the filter materials and the oil stains enters an outer annular pipe of a filter material separation device 11 through a scrubbed filter material discharge pipe 8, and the oil stains, suspended particulate matters and the like enter the sieve pipe 12 due to small particle size through extrusion, and are discharged outside through an oil stain discharge pipe 13 for recycling; the large particles of the filter material are blocked outside the sieve tube 12 and are recycled into the filter 2 through the clean filter material recycling tube 10.
The existing walnut shell filter for rubbing and washing in vitro has the following defects:
1. the maximum treatment capacity of a single walnut shell filter is 200m 3 H, the filtration speed is 20m 3 /m 2 Within the hour, the diameter of the tank body is 3000-3800 mm; under the condition of the same oily sewage treatment capacity, the required equipment is large in quantity, the occupied area is large, the workload of matched piping, civil engineering and the like is large, and the one-time investment is large;
2. the scrubbing pump 9 and the filtering material separating device 11 are arranged outside the filter tank body 2, so that extra foundation and occupied land are needed, and one-time investment cost is increased;
3. after the filter filters for a period of time, the filter material is easy to harden, a cleaning agent needs to be added in the backwashing process at intervals to soak and clean the filter material so as to reduce the frequency of replacing the filter material, and the hardening phenomenon is more serious and the agent cleaning is more frequent for oily sewage with low temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an external rubbing high-efficiency filter and a filter material cleaning method.
The invention discloses an external scrubbing high-efficiency filter, which comprises: the filter comprises a filter tank body and a filter material separating device arranged in the filter tank body, wherein a sieve tube is arranged in the filter material separating device;
the top of the filter tank body is provided with a water inlet pipe and a rubbed filter material suction pipe, the filter tank body is provided with a rubbing pump, a water inlet of the rubbing pump is connected with the rubbed filter material suction pipe, and a water outlet of the rubbing pump extends into the sieve pipe through a rubbed filter material discharge pipe; the bottom of the sieve tube is provided with a clean filter material discharge port, and the sieve tube and a middle separation cavity of the filter material separation device are connected with a sewage recovery system through an oil stain discharge pipe;
a filter material layer and a screen layer at the bottom of the filter are arranged in the middle of the filter tank body, and the discharge port of the clean filter material is higher than the filter material layer;
the bottom of the filter tank body is provided with a backwashing water inlet pipe, a filtered water outlet pipe and a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe.
As a further improvement of the invention, the filter material on the filter material layer is a walnut shell filter material with the density of 1.2-1.4g/cm 3 The filter material has the bulk density of 0.64kg/L, the diameter of 0.8-1.4 mm and the filling height of 1000-1200 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the scrubbing pump is a low NPSHr, open impeller centrifugal pump.
The invention also discloses a method for cleaning the filter material of the external scrubbing high-efficiency filter, which comprises the following steps:
opening a backwashing water inlet pipe, and loosening and fluidizing the compacted filter material layer;
starting a scrubbing pump, and performing circulating scrubbing, filter material recovery and sewage discharge on the filter material;
closing the scrubbing pump and the backwashing water inlet pipe, and standing;
opening the water inlet pipe, compacting and washing the filter material, and discharging oil stains at the bottom of the filter material layer out of the tank through a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe;
and after the washing is finished, closing the tank bottom sewage discharge pipe, and opening the filtered water outlet pipe to finish the cleaning of the filter material.
As a further improvement of the invention, the time for the filter material layer to be fluffed and fluidized is 5-15 s.
As a further improvement of the invention, the treatment time of the filter material for circular scrubbing, filter material recovery and sewage discharge is 15-20 min.
As a further improvement of the invention, the standing time is 1-2 min.
As a further improvement of the invention, the time for compacting and washing the filter material is 1-2 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention optimizes the design of the components and the filter materials in the filter and improves the filtering speed, thereby improving the treatment capacity of a single filter and saving the engineering investment;
the invention optimizes the installation positions of the scrubbing pump and the filter material separation device, reduces the floor area of the equipment and saves the engineering investment;
the invention optimizes the backwashing mode, adopts the combined mode of external scrubbing (mechanical cleaning) and water washing, greatly improves the backwashing effect, saves the backwashing water quantity, reduces the using amount of the filter material cleaning agent in the backwashing process, has high reuse rate of the filter material and saves the operation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional in vitro scrubbing walnut shell filter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the external scrub high efficiency filter of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a water inlet pipe; 2. a filter tank; 3. a filter material layer; 4. a screen pipe layer at the bottom of the filter; 5. a backwash water inlet pipe; 6. discharging a water pipe after filtering; 7. filtering material suction pipe after washing; 8. a filter material discharge pipe after scrubbing; 9. a scrubbing pump; 10. a clean filter material recovery pipe/clean filter material discharge port; 11. a filter material separation device; 12. a screen pipe; 13. an oil contamination discharge pipe; 14. a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
as shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides an external scrub high efficiency filter, comprising: the device comprises a water inlet pipe 1, a filter tank body 2, a filter material layer 3, a filter bottom screen layer 4, a backwashing water inlet pipe 5, a filtered water outlet pipe 6, a scrubbed filter material suction pipe 7, a scrubbed filter material discharge pipe 8, a scrubbing pump 9, a clean filter material discharge port 10, a filter material separation device 11, a screen pipe 12, an oil stain discharge pipe 13 and a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe 14; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the scrubbing pump 9 is arranged on the filter tank body 2, and the scrubbing pump 9 is a centrifugal pump with a low NPSHr and an open impeller, is suitable for conveying a filter material and oil stain mixture with high viscosity and is beneficial to tank top installation; the filter tank body 2 is internally provided with the filter material separation device 11, the filter material separation device 11 is internally provided with the sieve tube 12, and preferably, the filter material separation device 11 is arranged at the top of the inner wall of the filter tank body 2.
The top of a filter tank body 2 of the invention is provided with a water inlet pipe 1 and a rubbed filter material suction pipe 7, the water inlet of a rubbing pump 9 is connected with the rubbed filter material suction pipe 7, the water outlet of the rubbing pump 9 extends into a sieve pipe 12 through a filter material discharge pipe 8 after rubbing, the bottom of the sieve pipe 12 is provided with a clean filter material discharge port 10, and the sieve pipe 12 and a middle compartment of a filter material separation device 11 are connected with a sewage recovery system through an oil stain discharge pipe 13. The invention optimizes the design of the filter material separation device 11, and changes the filter material separation device into an internal inlet type and an external outlet type, namely: the mixture of the filter material and the oil stain enters the annular sieve tube 12 of the filter material separation device 11, the clean filter material is discharged to the filter material layer 3 in the tank body through the clean filter material discharge port 10, and the oil stain is discharged through the oil stain discharge pipe 13 and enters the recovery system.
The middle part of a filter tank body 2 of the invention is provided with a filter material layer 3 and a screen pipe layer 4 at the bottom of the filter, and a clean filter material discharge port 10 is higher than the filter material layer 3; wherein the filter material on the filter material layer is walnut shell filter material, preferably walnut shell filter material with high round particle size and large specific surface area, and the density of the walnut shell filter material is 1.2-1.4g/cm 3 The filter material has the bulk density of 0.64kg/L, the diameter of the filter material is 0.8-1.4 mm, the filling height of the filter material is 1000-1200 mm, and the preferred filling height of the filter material is 1200 mm; the filter material selected by the invention has high mechanical strength, wear resistance, long service life, high roundness of the filter material, uniform processing, large specific surface area, large treatment capacity of a single-stand vertical walnut shell filter, and single-tank treatment capacity of 502m 3 (ii)/h, size 4572mm (ID) 2538mm (T/T), normal filtration rate 28.3m 3 /m 2 H, short-time filtration rate 31.4m 3 /m 2 H (parallel filter backwash).
The bottom of the filter tank body 2 is provided with a backwash water inlet pipe 5, a filtered water outlet pipe 6 and a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe 14, and the tank bottom sewage discharge pipe 14 is connected with a sewage recovery system.
The invention relates to a filtering method of an external scrubbing high-efficiency filter, which comprises the following steps:
when the filter is normally filtered, oily sewage enters the filter tank body 2 through the water inlet pipe 1; a small amount of oil stains and suspended matters carried in the sewage are contacted with the filter material, are intercepted by the filter material layer 3 through the adsorption and filtration effects of the filter material, and are discharged through the filtered water outlet pipe 6 after being collected through the sieve pipe layer 4 at the bottom of the filter; along with greasy dirt and the suspended solid that the precoat 3 held back increase, the filtering layer is compacted, and the hole diminishes, filters the flood peak loss and increases gradually, and the speed of straining reduces, and the pressure differential increase between the upper and lower of the precoat 3 of filtering layer, in order to ensure the quality of water of straining the back water, when pressure differential reaches a definite value, filter automatic control system will carry out automatic backwash or the artifical backwash procedure that starts behind the high pressure differential warning, treat after the filtering layer backwash, the filter gets back to the normal filtration stage.
The invention relates to a method for cleaning a filter material of an external scrubbing high-efficiency filter, which comprises the following steps:
opening a backwashing water inlet pipe, and loosening and fluidizing the compacted filter material layer; starting a scrubbing pump, and performing circulating scrubbing, filter material recovery and sewage discharge on the filter material; closing the scrubbing pump and the backwashing water inlet pipe, and standing; opening the water inlet pipe, compacting and washing the filter material, and discharging oil stains at the bottom of the filter material layer out of the tank through a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe; and after the washing is finished, closing the tank bottom sewage discharge pipe, and opening the filtered water outlet pipe to finish the cleaning of the filter material.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, opening a backwashing water inlet pipe 5, and loosening and fluidizing the compacted filter material layer for about 5-15 s; then starting a scrubbing pump 9, circularly scrubbing the filter material, recycling the filter material, discharging sewage and the like for about 15-20 min; then, the scrubbing pump 9 and the backwashing water inlet pipe 5 are closed, and standing is carried out for 1 min; finally, the filter material is washed again, namely the normal filtering water inlet pipe 1 is opened firstly, filtering is carried out at normal filtering flow, the filter material is compacted and washed, oil stains and the like at the bottom of the filter material layer 3 are discharged out of the tank through a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe 14, and the washing process of the filter material lasts for about 1 min; after the flushing is finished, the discharge pipe 14 is closed, the filtered water outlet pipe 6 is opened, and the filter returns to the normal filtering stage. The novel external scrubbing filter adopts a combined mode of external scrubbing (mechanical cleaning) and water washing, so that the backwashing effect is greatly improved, the backwashing water quantity is saved, and the backwashing strength is 10-15L/s/m 2 Reduced to 4.4L/s/m 2
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the single vertical walnut shell filter has large treatment capacity and high filtration efficiency, and the single tank treatment capacity is as high as 502m 3 (ii)/h, size 4572mm (ID) 2538mm (T/T), normal filtration rate 28.3m 3 /m 2 H, short time filtration Rate31.4m 3 /m 2 The filter speed of 20m required by domestic specifications is broken through when the filter is backwashed in parallel 3 /m 2 The filtration rate is improved by 41 percent according to the requirement of the/h;
2. the vertical walnut shell filter is large-sized, the number of the filters is reduced by one time under the same flow, and the cost of floor area, valve and piping materials, civil engineering foundation, transportation, installation and the like is greatly saved;
3. the combined mode of external scrubbing (mechanical cleaning) and water washing is adopted, so that the backwashing effect is greatly improved, the backwashing water quantity is saved, and the backwashing strength is 10-15L/s/m 2 Reduced to 4.4L/s/m 2 The backwashing time is 15-20 min; the backwashing process does not need to be cleaned by adding medicaments, and the service life of the filter material is long;
4. the external scrubbing pump is arranged at the top of the tank, and the oil stain separation sieve tube is arranged in the tank, so that the floor area of equipment is effectively reduced, and one-time investment is saved;
5. the invention is suitable for the conventional oily sewage filtration treatment of most oil fields, and has obvious economic benefit on a sewage treatment system with large sewage treatment capacity and low oily sewage treatment temperature.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An external scrubbing high efficiency filter, comprising: the filter comprises a filter tank body and a filter material separating device arranged in the filter tank body, wherein a sieve tube is arranged in the filter material separating device;
the top of the filter tank body is provided with a water inlet pipe and a rubbed filter material suction pipe, the filter tank body is provided with a rubbing pump, a water inlet of the rubbing pump is connected with the rubbed filter material suction pipe, and a water outlet of the rubbing pump extends into the sieve pipe through a rubbed filter material discharge pipe; the bottom of the sieve tube is provided with a clean filter material discharge port, and the sieve tube and a middle separation cavity of the filter material separation device are connected with a sewage recovery system through an oil stain discharge pipe;
a filter material layer and a screen layer at the bottom of the filter are arranged in the middle of the filter tank body, and the discharge port of the clean filter material is higher than the filter material layer;
the bottom of the filter tank body is provided with a backwashing water inlet pipe, a filtered water outlet pipe and a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe.
2. The in vitro scrubbing high efficiency filter according to claim 1, wherein the filter material on said filter material layer is walnut shell filter material, the density is 1.2-1.4g/cm 3 The filter material has the bulk density of 0.64kg/L, the diameter of 0.8-1.4 mm and the filling height of 1000-1200 mm.
3. The in vitro scrub high efficiency filter of claim 1 wherein the scrub pump is a low NPSHr, open impeller centrifugal pump.
4. A method for cleaning a filter material of an in-vitro scrubbing high-efficiency filter, which is based on any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
opening a backwashing water inlet pipe, and loosening and fluidizing the compacted filter material layer;
starting a scrubbing pump, and performing circulating scrubbing, filter material recovery and sewage discharge on the filter material;
closing the scrubbing pump and the backwashing water inlet pipe, and standing;
opening the water inlet pipe, compacting and washing the filter material, and discharging oil stains at the bottom of the filter material layer out of the tank through a tank bottom sewage discharge pipe;
and after the washing is finished, closing the tank bottom sewage discharge pipe, and opening the filtered water outlet pipe to finish the cleaning of the filter material.
5. The method of cleaning filter media of claim 4, wherein the filter media layer is fluffed and fluidized for a period of time of 5 to 15 seconds.
6. The method for cleaning the filter material according to claim 4, wherein the treatment time for the filter material to be subjected to the circulating scrubbing, the filter material recovery and the sewage discharge is 15-20 min.
7. The method for cleaning filter material according to claim 4, wherein the standing time is 1-2 min.
8. The method for cleaning the filter material according to claim 4, wherein the time for compacting and washing the filter material is 1-2 min.
CN202111014738.XA 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 External rubbing high-efficiency filter and filter material cleaning method Pending CN115068985A (en)

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CN202111014738.XA CN115068985A (en) 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 External rubbing high-efficiency filter and filter material cleaning method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111014738.XA CN115068985A (en) 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 External rubbing high-efficiency filter and filter material cleaning method

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2179779Y (en) * 1993-12-17 1994-10-19 沈阳特种环保设备制造总厂 Deep-bed filter
CN2302495Y (en) * 1997-06-16 1998-12-30 大连华峰发展公司 Automatic cleaning device for heat exchanger
CN2628122Y (en) * 2003-07-21 2004-07-28 宜兴市思圣环保设备有限公司 Improved fine particles filter material filtering device
CN104324535A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-02-04 青岛国标环保有限公司 Filtering equipment with vortex backwashing function, filtering method and backwashing method of filtering equipment
CN104815463A (en) * 2015-04-09 2015-08-05 余金海 Cycle self-cleaning filter
CN204601725U (en) * 2015-04-09 2015-09-02 余金海 Circulation is from washing filter by rubbing with the hands
CN206229006U (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-06-09 孙大勇 The processing unit that a kind of oilfield sewage filter sand can be recycled
CN212187939U (en) * 2020-04-24 2020-12-22 江苏贝克莱恩环境工程有限公司 Large-flow filter

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2179779Y (en) * 1993-12-17 1994-10-19 沈阳特种环保设备制造总厂 Deep-bed filter
CN2302495Y (en) * 1997-06-16 1998-12-30 大连华峰发展公司 Automatic cleaning device for heat exchanger
CN2628122Y (en) * 2003-07-21 2004-07-28 宜兴市思圣环保设备有限公司 Improved fine particles filter material filtering device
CN104324535A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-02-04 青岛国标环保有限公司 Filtering equipment with vortex backwashing function, filtering method and backwashing method of filtering equipment
CN104815463A (en) * 2015-04-09 2015-08-05 余金海 Cycle self-cleaning filter
CN204601725U (en) * 2015-04-09 2015-09-02 余金海 Circulation is from washing filter by rubbing with the hands
CN206229006U (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-06-09 孙大勇 The processing unit that a kind of oilfield sewage filter sand can be recycled
CN212187939U (en) * 2020-04-24 2020-12-22 江苏贝克莱恩环境工程有限公司 Large-flow filter

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