CN115068186A - Preparation method of spinal orthosis embedded with shape memory alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a spinal orthosis embedded with shape memory alloy, which comprises the following steps: s1: scanning and taking a model of the trunk of the patient with the spinal deformity, and then manufacturing a trunk model through 3D carving equipment; s2: manufacturing a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) correction shell according to the external contour of the trunk model; s3: cutting off the transverse line of the vertebral column malformation vertex of the trunk model, performing three-dimensional orthopedic placement on the coronal plane, the sagittal plane and the transverse line, and then reconnecting and fixing by using a plaster bandage to form a new trunk model after orthopedic; s4: at the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy, attaching a shape memory alloy sheet to the outside of three spinal correction positions on the corrected new trunk model, shaping, and then cutting to obtain three correction sheets with preset shapes; s5: setting the temperature of martensite at 0 ℃ and the temperature of austenite at 20 ℃, and repeatedly carrying out heat treatment for many times to ensure that the orthopedic plate obtains a shape memory effect; s6: the three orthopedic plate embedded type activities are arranged at corresponding positions inside the PVC orthopedic shell.

Description

Preparation method of spine orthosis embedded with shape memory alloy

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a method for preparing a spinal column orthosis embedded with shape memory alloy.

Background

The spine is the axis skeleton of human body, is the pillar of health, has functions such as heavy burden, shock attenuation, protection and motion, because people's position of sitting in the afternoon is incorrect, keeps the high strength pressurized work of spine for a long time or uses factors such as electronic product and idiopathic for a long time, the deformation of different degrees often can appear in the spine, causes human body attitude to change and brings the discomfort to the human body, influences people's physical and mental health, and correct the spine and be the effective means that reduces the influence of spine deformity.

At present, a patient usually adopts a blunt compression bone, a correction strap, a fixed spinal orthosis and the like for correction at home. The straightening bone adopts manual pressing to correct the deformation position of the spine, and the pressing position and the pressing force are not fixed, so that the correction effect is poor for reasons such as inconsistency of the body structure of a patient and the like, and medical accidents are easily caused. The correction braces are usually worn on the body of a patient and support and correct the spine through a back support piece, but the positions of the correction braces worn at each time are not fixed, and the correction braces are easy to move after being worn, the back support piece cannot be always attached to the curvature of the spine, the back support piece cannot be changed along with the change of the curvature of the spine and the like in the spine correction progress process of the patient, a good correction effect cannot be obtained, and even the spine is deformed again; at present, the fixed spinal column orthosis is usually made of high-temperature plastic PP and PE plates or metal frame type and other strong hard materials, the correction effect of the fixed spinal column orthosis is mainly embodied in the control of lateral bending of the spinal column, the three-dimensional correction effect (namely, the correction effect on the lateral bending, the axial rotation, the asymmetric protrusion of ribs, the posterior thoracic protrusion and the anterior lumbar protrusion) is not ideal enough, and even if a patient is insisted on strict wearing, the fixed spinal column orthosis still has higher failure rate.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a spinal column orthosis embedded with shape memory alloy.

A preparation method of a spinal orthosis embedded with shape memory alloy comprises the following steps:

s1: scanning and taking a model of the trunk of the patient with the spinal deformity, and then manufacturing a trunk model through 3D carving equipment;

s2: manufacturing a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) correction shell according to the external contour of the trunk model;

s3: cutting off the transverse line of the vertebral column malformation vertex of the trunk model, performing three-dimensional orthopedic placement on the coronal plane, the sagittal plane and the transverse line, and then reconnecting and fixing by using a plaster bandage to form a new trunk model after orthopedic;

s4: at the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy, attaching a shape memory alloy sheet to the outside of three spinal correction positions on the corrected new trunk model, shaping, and then cutting to obtain three correction sheets with preset shapes;

s5: setting the shape-correcting sheets to be martensite at 0 ℃ and austenite at 20 ℃, and repeatedly carrying out heat treatment for many times to ensure that the three shape-correcting sheets obtain the shape memory effect;

s6: the three orthopedic plate embedded type activities are arranged at corresponding positions inside the PVC orthopedic shell.

Further, the three spinal correction positions in step S4 are: a scoliosis side centered on the apical cone, a scoliosis side centered on the superior end vertebra, and a scoliosis side centered on the inferior end vertebra.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the preparation method has the advantages of fine process, accurate mold taking and molding, accurate positioning of the prepared correction sheet and good correction and restoration effects. The correcting sheet is embedded in a corresponding correcting position in the PVC correcting shell, and after a patient wears the PVC correcting shell, the correcting sheet cannot move, so that the correcting sheet is well attached to the spine of the patient; when the temperature changes, the shape memory alloy deforms in the process of mutual transformation from martensite to austenite, and simultaneously, the shape memory alloy can generate the shape-correcting force for the deformed position of the spine of the patient to correct and reset; when the correcting pieces at three different positions deform simultaneously, continuous three-dimensional correcting force can be generated, the defect of the correcting force of the fixed spinal orthosis is overcome, the adaptation degree is increased, and the loss of the correcting degree in the wearing process is prevented.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A preparation method of a spinal orthosis embedded with shape memory alloy comprises the following steps:

s1: scanning and taking a model of the trunk of the patient with the spinal deformity, and then manufacturing a trunk model through 3D carving equipment;

s2: manufacturing a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) correction shell according to the external contour of the trunk model;

s3: cutting off the transverse line of the vertebral column malformation vertex of the trunk model, performing three-dimensional orthopedic placement on the coronal plane, the sagittal plane and the transverse line, and then reconnecting and fixing by using a plaster bandage to form a new trunk model after orthopedic;

s4: at the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy, attaching a shape memory alloy sheet to the outside of three spinal correction positions on the corrected new trunk model, shaping, and then cutting to obtain three correction sheets with preset shapes;

s5: setting the shape-correcting sheets to be martensite at 0 ℃ and austenite at 20 ℃, and repeatedly carrying out heat treatment for many times to ensure that the three shape-correcting sheets obtain the shape memory effect;

s6: the three orthopedic plate embedded type activities are arranged at corresponding positions inside the PVC orthopedic shell.

Shape memory alloys are a class of alloys with shape memory effect, including more than 50 alloys, such as nickel titanium based, copper based, etc. The shape memory effect of a shape memory alloy refers to the property of a material to recover its original shape at a certain temperature. Shape memory alloys have two crystal structures, martensite and austenite, at low and high temperatures, respectively, with martensite being relatively soft and austenite being more rigid.

Before use, the three orthopedic plates need to be refrigerated and stored in the environment of 0-4 ℃, and the orthopedic plates are in a martensite state in the temperature environment. After orthopedic piece takes out, in order to prevent that the patient from catching a cold, need put in protective sheath on the outside earlier, then fix the inside relevant position of casing is corrected to PVC, and the patient corrects the casing with PVC and dresses on one's body, in order to ensure better result of use, can correct the outside traction area that can adjust traction force of wearing of casing at PVC. After a patient wears the PVC correction shell, under the influence of the ambient temperature and the human body temperature, the correction sheet embedded in the PVC correction shell is transformed from martensite to austenite, the correction sheet is firstly plastic according to the trunk shape of the patient in the transformation process, then the correction sheet is gradually restored to the shape of the correction sheet in the step S4, correction force is sequentially applied to the patient, the shape of the spine of the patient is gradually changed, and finally continuous three-dimensional correction force is generated.

The preparation method has the advantages of fine process, accurate mold taking and molding, accurate positioning of the prepared correction sheet and good correction and restoration effects. The correcting sheet is embedded in a corresponding correcting position in the PVC correcting shell, and after a patient wears the PVC correcting shell, the correcting sheet cannot move, so that the correcting sheet is well attached to the spine of the patient; when the temperature changes, the shape memory alloy deforms in the process of mutual transformation from martensite to austenite, and simultaneously, the shape memory alloy can generate the shape-correcting force for the deformed position of the spine of the patient to correct and reset; when the correction pieces at three different positions deform simultaneously, continuous three-dimensional correction force can be generated, the defects of two-dimensional correction and correction force of the traditional PVC orthosis are overcome, the adaptability is increased, and the loss of correction degree in the wearing process is prevented.

In summary, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Numerous changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the claims of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A preparation method of a spinal orthosis embedded with shape memory alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: scanning and taking a model of the trunk of the patient with the spinal deformity, and then manufacturing a trunk model through 3D carving equipment;

s2: manufacturing a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) correction shell according to the external contour of the trunk model;

s3: cutting off the transverse line of the spine malformation vertex of the trunk model, performing three-dimensional orthopedic placement on the coronal plane, the sagittal plane and the transverse line, and then reconnecting and fixing by a plaster bandage to form a new trunk model after orthopedic;

s4: at the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy, attaching a shape memory alloy sheet to the outside of three spinal correction positions on the corrected new trunk model, shaping, and then cutting to obtain three correction sheets with preset shapes;

s5: setting the shape-correcting sheets to be martensite at 0 ℃ and austenite at 20 ℃, and repeatedly carrying out heat treatment for many times to ensure that the three shape-correcting sheets obtain the shape memory effect;

s6: the three orthopedic plate embedded type activities are arranged at corresponding positions inside the PVC orthopedic shell.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the three spinal orthopedic positions in step S4 are respectively: a scoliosis side centered on the apical cone, a scoliosis concave side centered on the superior end vertebra, and a scoliosis concave side centered on the inferior end vertebra.