CN115067215A

CN115067215A - Separated milk cup with follow-up function and liner thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115067215A
Application number: CN202210663612.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高国华; 翟少宇; 刘凯
Original assignee: Beijing University of Technology
Current assignee: Beijing University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-05-30
Filing date: 2022-06-10
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-10
Also published as: CN115067215B

Abstract

The invention discloses a separate milking cup with follow-up function and a liner thereof, which completes milking of dairy animals by fixing, extruding and massaging a teat and fixing and extruding a breast. The milk cup and the liner are fixedly arranged in a circumferential mode; the liner is made of flexible materials, the inner side part of the milking cup is of a variable cross-section structure in the longitudinal direction, the middle section is thicker, and the upper section and the lower section are thinner; the upper edge of the liner is of a circular pneumatic cavity structure, the pneumatic cavity is communicated with the pneumatic cavity between the liner and the milk cup, and an air source is adopted; the milk cup adopts a three-section rigid-flexible mixed structure, so that passive following of animals is realized.

Description

Separated milk cup with follow-up function and liner thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock milking equipment used in animal husbandry. More particularly, the present invention relates to a teatcup with a follow-up function and a liner therefor.

Background

With the increasing demand of China on dairy products, the milking of cattle, sheep, camels and other livestock is slowly replaced by manpower by a machine. The structure and function of the teat cups and teat cup liners in direct contact with the animal's teats will directly affect the quality, efficiency etc. of the milk production. A set of teat cups and liners with superior performance can gently, thoroughly and rapidly squeeze milk from the udder of an animal.

The structural design and optimization of teat cups and liners therefor has been under development for a long time. CN111315206A discloses a teatcup liner and a teatcup configured as a shell of a long cylinder type with two layers inside and outside. The shell is collectively referred to as a teat cup, and the inner teat cup contacting portion of the teat cup becomes the liner of the teat cup. The liner has a polygonal cross-sectional shape and defines a plurality of sides and corners, each corner connecting two sides. The whole lining is downward from the extension end of the nipple along the longitudinal direction, the wall thickness is continuously reduced, and the lining is favorable for better wrapping effect on the animal nipple during milking. Also, each corner wall has a greater thickness than each side wall, which is also more beneficial in alleviating the pain associated with squeezing the teat. CN2015105915U discloses a milking cup group and a milking machine thereof, which comprises an inner cup body, an inner cavity flexible milking body, an inner pulsation cavity, an outer cavity flexible milking body, an outer pulsation cavity, a fixing device, a milk tube, an inner air tube and an outer air tube, wherein the inner cup body is a hemispherical body, and the inner cavity flexible milking body is arranged inside the inner cup body. The milking machine adopts the design of double pulsation cavities, and improves the milk yield.

However, both of the above devices have disadvantages: at present, when milking animals, the animals are generally fed and the like, and are limited by the fence to a certain extent, but the animals are still moved, so that the milking cups need a flexible following action to ensure the smooth milk taking. The design of the uniform section of CN111315206A has strong extrusion sense on the front end of the nipple, which can increase the discomfort of the cow, thereby increasing the probability of mastitis and even leading to failure of milk collection. CN2015105915U designs corresponding structure and massages the breast can help the production of direct milk and elimination mastitis, but its two gas circuit that adopt sets up, and the gas circuit fault rate is high, and the control degree of difficulty is big, is not suitable for the application of small-size equipment. Moreover, the milk cow kicks the cup to cause the cup falling phenomenon.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the devices in the prior art, and provides a separated milking cup with a follow-up function and a liner thereof. The invention has the advantages of no driving system, simple structure, easy assembly and disassembly, replacement, cleaning and disinfection, and the design of the middle section flexible structure can effectively avoid the milking animal from kicking the cup, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the milk collection operation.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a separate type milking cup with follow-up function and a liner thereof are mainly divided into two parts. One part is the hard and soft mixed hollow cylindrical teat cup, its main characteristic is: the device is divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, wherein the upper part and the lower part are rigid hollow cylinders, and the middle part is a flexible connecting part. The other part is a flexible lining which is mainly characterized in that: the lower part is in a hollow cylinder shape and the upper part is in a hollow hemisphere shape. The hollow-like cylindrical portion of the flexible liner adopts a variable cross-section structure. The hard and soft mixing hollow cylindrical teat cup and the flexible liner are connected through a first circumferential fixing position 5 and a second circumferential fixing position 6, sealing is ensured, and gas leakage is prevented.

Preferably, the teat cup is divided into an upper, a middle and a lower section and is capable of being deflected through an angle. The upper and lower sections are connected by a flexible material which is elastically stretchable and deflectable in the middle. The upper section of the teat cup is the position where the animal's teat has just entered teat cup contact. The length proportion of the upper section of the milking cup and the flexible connecting part of the milking cup is adjusted according to the requirement to adapt to the movement amount generated by the movement of the animal so as to adapt to various requirements; the flexible connection is located above the teat and if located at the lower end of the teat, an excessive teat cup offset will have an effect on the milk transport of the tube of the teat cup liner, and if located right at the teat position, an excessive offset may stress the lower end of the teat.

Preferably, the variable cross-section liner is made of a material having good elasticity, including but not limited to food grade rubber.

Preferably, the hollow-cylindrical-like portion of the flexible variable-section liner located inside the teat cup is characterized in that: the middle section is thicker and gradually becomes thinner in the upper and lower directions, the middle section is up to the position contacting with the breasts of the animals, and the middle section is down to the position connected with the milk conveying pipe below the milking cup. Wherein the intermediate thicker portion is in contact with the teat end, and wherein the teat portion is thicker in liner to reduce squeezing of the teat when a pulsating flow is interposed between the teat cup and the variable cross-section liner.

Preferably, the variable cross-section liner has different thicknesses on any radial cross section, so that the teats of the animals cannot be tightly wrapped in the milking process, the discomfort of the milking animals is reduced, and the comfort of the milking animals during nipple extrusion is ensured.

Preferably, the upper section of the teat cup is provided with a first air vent, so that the inner cavity between the teat cup and the liner and the circular pneumatic cavity of the teat cup liner are integrated into a whole and share a common air source.

Preferably, the lower section of the teat cup presents a secondary air port for the air supply of the pulsating air source.

Preferably, the circular pneumatic chamber portion of the teat cup liner is in direct contact with the breast above the animal's teat and is circumferentially secured to the upper end and side of the upper section of the teat cup. The massage to the udder by the part is beneficial to the milk discharge of the milking animal and reduces the probability of mastitis occurrence.

Preferably, a plurality of identical teat cups may form a teat cup cluster, sharing a common air supply to the lower section of the teat cups and a common return conduit to the lower ends of the teat cups.

The invention has the following advantages and outstanding characteristics: the variable cross-section structure of the flexible liner of the milking cup not only reduces the pressure on the front end of the nipple, but also simulates the hand to milk from top to bottom, thereby being beneficial to smoothing the milk. The liner part is provided with a flexible circular pneumatic cavity at the upper end, so that the comfort of the milking animals is enhanced, the contact area between the liner part and the milking animals is increased, and the probability of cup kicking and mastitis is effectively reduced. The pneumatic cavity outside circular pneumatic cavity and the variable cross section lining adopts an air source through the air path design, effectively reducing the cost, control and later maintenance difficulty. The circumferential connection of the variable cross-section lining and the milking cup reduces the number of assembly parts, is convenient for installation, disassembly, cleaning and disinfection, enhances the air tightness and ensures the smooth milking. The rigidity-flexibility mixed three-section structure of the shell of the milking cup can adapt to different movement amounts of animals during milking according to requirements, and the phenomenon that the whole milking cup group moves due to slight movement of the animals during milking can not occur, so that the animals are prevented from generating heavy pull-weight discomfort.

Drawings

The drawings shown are explained below:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal axial sectional view of an animal's teat just entering the teat cup and its liner.

Fig. 2 shows two extreme positions of the teat cup and its liner described in the above example.

Fig. 3 is a radial cross-sectional view of the liner squeezing the teat of the animal when the teat cup and its liner described in the above example are subjected to a pulsating air flow.

The reference numerals of the illustrated drawings are explained below:

1 milk return pipeline 2 base 3 milking cup lower segment

4 flexible connecting part 5 first circumferential fixing position 6 second circumferential fixing position

7 animal teat 8 circular pneumatic cavity 9 first air hole

10 teat cup upper section 11 variable cross-section liner 12 pneumatic chamber

13 second air hole 14 lining the thick junction of the inner cavity 15 lining

16 at thin section of the lining.

Detailed Description

The details of the structure and operation of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments.

The invention relates to a separate type milking cup with a follow-up function and a liner thereof, and an embodiment of the separate type milking cup is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3. The milk returning pipeline 1 is a pipeline for connecting a milking cup and a milk barrel for collecting fresh milk; a lower teat cup section 3, a flexible connecting portion 4 and an upper teat cup section 10, the upper and lower teat cup sections being an upper section in a position of preferential contact with respect to a position at which an animal teat has just entered the teat cup and a lower section in a position of connection with the milk return conduit, the flexible connecting portion being of a flexible material to connect the upper and lower teat cup sections; a first circumferential fixing station 5 and a second circumferential fixing station 6 for connecting the teat cup and the flexible liner; a liner lumen 14, an interior space defined by the variable cross-section liner 11; a variable-section liner 11 for squeezing the teat in a pulsating manner; the pneumatic chamber 12, the space between the variable-section liner 11 and the teat cup, is subjected to a pulsating gas flow, so as to squeeze the teat with a regular force on the liner; the second air hole 13 is positioned on the side wall of the upper end 3 of the milking cup, penetrates through the side wall and is connected with an external pulsating air source; a first air hole 9 is provided in the side wall of the upper teat cup section 10 and extends through the side wall to communicate the pneumatic chamber 12 with the circular pneumatic chamber 8.

The working principle of the embodiment is described as follows:

a plurality of identical teat cups may constitute a teat cup system. The following only discusses the principle of a single teat cup in the system.

When the teat cup system is manually or automatically applied to the lower end of an animal's udder, the teat of the milked animal is fully inserted into the cup, the teat portion does not fully contact the variable cross-section liner 1 and the lower portion of the udder does not fully contact the outer cavity of the circular pneumatic chamber. The pulsating gas flow is flushed from the second gas hole 13, initially, the gas is flushed, the gas passes through the pneumatic cavity 12, passes through the first gas hole 9 and reaches the inner cavity 8 of the circular pneumatic cavity, and the pneumatic cavity 12 and the circular pneumatic cavity 8 are filled with the gas along with the flushing. The gap between the outer wall of the circular pneumatic cavity and the animal breast is gradually reduced until the circular pneumatic cavity and the animal breast are completely and fully contacted and compacted; pneumatic chamber 12 inflation, variable cross section lining 11 tightens up to 14 directions of lining inner chamber, because the required mid portion of variable cross section lining is thicker, upper and lower two parts are thinner, so upper and lower two parts shrink speed and degree are greater than the mid portion, and the shrink speed and the degree of mid portion part are little can avoid the extrusion to the nipple front end, and upper segment shrink speed is big realizes the extrusion to the nipple, and lower extreme shrink speed carries out certain spacingly to the nipple greatly, avoids scurrying the phenomenon production of cup. The cup fleeing means that the milking cup flees upwards when the pneumatic cavity receives the pulse airflow. The air is then evacuated, the teat cup liner and teat are separated, the outer chamber of the circular pneumatic chamber is separated from the breast, and the initial condition is restored. The above process is repeated to achieve milking, and the expressed milk is collected via the liner lumen 14 and the milk return conduit 1.

Several milking systems are in common use today, where animals, while being milked, are fed with their necks while they are being held. Although the animal is provided with the fences at the front, the back, the left and the right, and the neck is limited to a certain extent, so that the animal cannot move greatly, the milking animal tends to move more or less by observing the actual milking process. When the animal moves, the whole teat cup system consisting of the several teat cups can be dragged to move, and the animal can generate heavy and falling uncomfortable feeling, so that the animal is aversive to contradict milking; the phenomenon of cup falling is easy to occur in the milking cup, so that the failure of the milking operation is caused. Therefore, the invention designs the rigid-flexible mixed milking cup with the upper, middle and lower three sections separated. The upper teat cup section 10 and the flexible attachment portion 4 will follow the oscillating movement passively in response to the movement of the milking animal, ensuring a smooth milking operation.

Claims

1. A separate teat cup and liner therefor with a follow-up function, characterised in that: the milk cup is divided into two parts, wherein the first part is a hard and soft mixed hollow cylindrical milk cup and the lower part is a hollow cylinder-like shape, and the second part is a flexible liner of which the upper part is provided with two circular pneumatic cavities which are integrated with the hollow cylinder-like shape; the hollow cylindrical part of the flexible lining adopts a variable cross-section structure; the flexible liner and the external milking cup are fixed in a circumferential manner, so that air sealing is ensured;

the milking cup is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section and can deflect a certain angle; the upper section and the lower section are connected by flexible materials with elastic, telescopic and deflectable middle; the upper section of the milking cup is a position where an animal teat just enters the contact of the milking cup; the length proportion of the flexible materials of the upper section of the milking cup and the middle section of the milking cup is adjusted according to the requirement to adapt to the movement amount generated by the movement of the animal so as to adapt to various requirements; the flexible section of middle section of crowded teatcup is located the nipple top, if be located the nipple lower extreme, and crowded teatcup offset can be defeated milk to the pipeline of crowded teatcup liner and produce the influence, if just in the nipple position, the offset too big can produce the oppression to the nipple lower extreme.

2. A breakaway teat cup and liner therefor having a follow-up function according to claim 1 wherein: the teat cup liner is of food grade rubber.

3. A breakaway teat cup and liner therefor having a follow-up function according to claim 1 wherein: the above-mentioned variable-section hollow cylindrical portion of the flexible teatcup liner located inside the teatcup is characterized in that: the middle section is thicker and gradually becomes thinner in the upper and lower directions, the middle section is up to the position contacting with the breasts of the animals, and the middle section is down to the position connected with the milk conveying pipe below the milking cup and the milk conveying pipe below the milking cup; the intermediate thickness portion is in contact with the teat end and the liner of the teat portion is thick when a pulsating air flow is interposed between the teat cup and the liner.

4. A breakaway teat cup and liner therefor having a follow-up function according to claim 1 wherein: the teatcup liner has a different thickness in any one of the radial sections.

5. A breakaway teat cup and liner therefor having a follow-up function according to claim 1 wherein: the air holes are arranged on the upper section of the milking cup, so that an inner cavity between the milking cup and the liner and the circular pneumatic cavity which is fixedly integrated with the milking cup liner share one air source.

6. A breakaway teat cup and liner therefor having a follow-up function according to claim 1 wherein: the lower section of the milking cup is provided with an air port for supplying air by a pulsating air source.

7. A breakaway teat cup and liner therefor having a follow-up function according to claim 1 wherein: the circular pneumatic cavity which is fixed with the liner of the milking cup into a whole is directly contacted with the breast above the animal nipple, and the circumference of the circular pneumatic cavity is fixed at the upper end and the side surface of the upper section of the milking cup; the massage to the udder by the part is beneficial to the milk discharge of the milking animal and reduces the probability of mastitis occurrence.

8. A breakaway teat cup and liner therefor having a follow-up function according to claim 1 wherein: a plurality of same milking cups can form a milking cup group, share one air source and are connected to the lower section of the milking cup, and share one milk return pipeline and are connected to the lower end of the milking cup.

9. The breakaway teat cup and liner therefor with follow-up function according to claim 8 wherein the circumferential attachment location includes the following shape connections: square, triangular, trapezoidal, wedge, polygonal.