CN115065102B

CN115065102B - Method and device for starting and stopping scheduling of thermal power generating unit

Info

Publication number: CN115065102B
Application number: CN202210854314.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈雁; 孙艳; 莫东; 崔长江; 凌武能; 李秋文; 吴茵; 林洁
Original assignee: CSG Electric Power Research Institute; Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
Current assignee: CSG Electric Power Research Institute; Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-20
Filing date: 2022-07-20
Publication date: 2024-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2042-07-20
Also published as: CN115065102A

Abstract

The application discloses a method and a device for starting and stopping scheduling of a thermal power generating unit, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and calculating an economic index, an environmental protection index and an electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit, determining index weight coefficients corresponding to the indexes by using a hierarchical analysis method, comprehensively evaluating the priority of each thermal power unit, simultaneously correcting the positive rotation standby and the negative rotation standby requirements in the thermal power unit cluster in consideration of the uncertainty of new energy output, and determining the start-stop state of each thermal power unit under each scheduling period by using a heuristic method according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby. The thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling method can comprehensively consider the actual scheduling requirements of the thermal power generating unit, and can better cope with the uncertainty of new energy output.

Description

Method and device for starting and stopping scheduling of thermal power generating unit

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of thermal power machine output control, in particular to a method and a device for starting and stopping scheduling of a thermal power unit.

Background

The unit combination technology is a main technology for regulating and controlling electric quantity and making a power generation plan by a power dispatching mechanism. For the scheduling power generation plan programming before the day, the unit combination technology is essentially to make a unit start-stop plan meeting power generation, load and standby before the day and give out a better output plan of the unit, and the unit start-stop determination method is a key ring. In recent years, renewable energy power generation such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation and the like is rapidly developed, and the power generation capacity is increased more and more, so that the renewable energy power generation cannot be ignored. Because renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation and the like have the problems of strong uncertainty, large prediction error and the like, the method brings great challenges to scheduling power generation plans in the future. Currently, there are two general methods for determining the start and stop of a unit: (1) And sequencing the units according to the output economy of the units, then enabling the units with better economy to be started preferentially (the units with poor economy are stopped), evaluating whether the started units meet the load requirement and the standby requirement, and if not, increasing the starting up until the requirements are met. The method is simple to realize, and the result can be directly used for the output planning and arrangement of the unit, and the industrial application requirements are easily met. However, such methods often do not consider other factors besides economy, consider incompletely, and often do not consider the influence of new energy output prediction errors. (2) The start-stop plan of the unit is not independently determined, and the start-stop and output plan of the unit are determined simultaneously by using a mathematical optimization method (such as mixed integer planning, group intelligent optimization algorithm and the like), but the method is complex in solution, difficult to meet the requirements of industrial application, and incapable of giving clear decision process information based on the mathematical optimization method, so that the rationality of the combination arrangement of the unit is not easy to intuitively judge.

How to give out a thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling plan which can more comprehensively consider a plurality of factors, give out a clear decision process and give consideration to a large new energy output prediction error is a problem which needs to be concerned.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling, so as to more comprehensively consider a plurality of factors, provide a clear decision process, and consider a thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling plan with a large new energy output prediction error.

In order to achieve the above object, the following specific solutions are proposed:

a thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling method comprises the following steps:

calculating an economic index, an environmental protection index and an electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster;

determining an economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, an environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index and an electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit by using an analytic hierarchy process;

obtaining dispatching priority of each thermal power generating unit according to the economic index, the environment-friendly index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit, and the economic index weight coefficient, the environment-friendly index weight coefficient and the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient of the thermal power generating unit, which correspond to the economic index, the environment-friendly index and the electric quantity completion rate index;

Correcting the positive rotation reserve and the negative rotation reserve under each scheduling period in the reserve capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster to obtain corrected positive rotation reserve and corrected negative rotation reserve under the scheduling period;

and dispatching the start-stop state of each thermal power generating unit in each dispatching period according to the dispatching priority of each thermal power generating unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby.

Optionally, the calculating the economic index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster includes:

calculating an economic index of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster by using the following steps:

wherein a is _g B is a secondary coefficient of the power generation cost of the thermal power unit in an economic objective function of the thermal power unit cluster _g The primary coefficient of the power generation cost of the thermal power unit in the economic objective function of the thermal power unit cluster, c _g The coefficient of the power generation cost constant, p, of the thermal power unit in the economic objective function of the thermal power unit cluster _g,min For the lower power output limit, p of the thermal power unit _g,max D, the upper power output limit of the thermal power unit is d ₁ For the preset inflection point of the economic index,g is a thermal power generating unit cluster.

Optionally, the calculating the environmental protection index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster includes:

calculating the environmental protection index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster by using the following steps:

wherein p is _g,min For the lower power output limit, p of the thermal power unit _g,max D, the upper power output limit of the thermal power unit is d ₂ Is a preset environment-friendly index inflection point alpha _g Is the secondary characteristic coefficient beta of the exhaust emission curve of the thermal power unit _g Is the primary characteristic coefficient gamma of the exhaust emission curve of the thermal power unit _g Is a constant characteristic coefficient of an exhaust emission curve of the thermal power generating unit,g is a thermal power generating unit cluster.

Optionally, the calculating the power completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster includes:

calculating an electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster by using the following steps:

wherein d ₃ E, a first inflection point of a preset electric quantity completion rate index ₃ A second inflection point, p, is a preset electric quantity completion rate index _g,max For the upper power output limit of the thermal power generating unit, deltaQ is an expected electric quantity completion deviation value of the thermal power generating unit, and T is the total time period number of consideration time periods in each day.

Optionally, according to the economic index, the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit, and the economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, the environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index of the thermal power generating unit, the method for obtaining the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit includes:

Multiplying the economic index of each thermal power generating unit by the economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index to obtain economic index priority;

multiplying the environmental protection index of each thermal power generating unit by the environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index to obtain the priority of the environmental protection index;

multiplying the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit by an electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index to obtain electric quantity completion rate index priority;

and accumulating the economic index priority of each thermal power unit, the environmental protection index priority of the thermal power unit and the electric quantity completion rate index priority of the thermal power unit to obtain the scheduling priority of each thermal power unit.

Optionally, correcting the positive rotation reserve and the negative rotation reserve under each scheduling period in the reserve capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster to obtain a corrected positive rotation reserve and a corrected negative rotation reserve under the scheduling period, including:

for each scheduling period, acquiring new energy output prediction data and new energy output actual data of the thermal power generating unit clustered in the scheduling period in each historical day;

Determining new energy output prediction error data of the thermal power generating unit in the scheduling period in each historical day based on the new energy output prediction data and the new energy output actual data;

determining a probability density function for the new energy output prediction error data using:

wherein N is the total number of days of each day of the history,a new energy output prediction error f (·) of the thermal power generating unit clustered in the schedule period t in the history daily is +.>Probability density function of>For the ith data of the new energy output prediction error of the thermal power generating unit clustered in the schedule period T in each day, t=1, 2, … …, T is the total period number of the considered period in each day, N' is the minimum integer greater than N, J is the value satisfying δ (J ₀ ) J=j taken for the smallest hour ₀ ；

Determining a value corresponding to a first quantile and a value corresponding to a second quantile of the probability density function;

multiplying the value corresponding to the first dividing point by the renewable energy source prediction output of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period to obtain a first rotation standby correction value;

multiplying the value corresponding to the second dividing point by the renewable energy source prediction output of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period to obtain a second rotation standby correction value;

Subtracting the second rotation standby correction value from a positive rotation standby in standby capacity constraint of an economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster to obtain a corrected positive rotation standby in the scheduling period;

and adding the first rotation standby correction value to the negative rotation standby in the standby capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster to obtain corrected negative rotation standby in the scheduling period.

Optionally, the scheduling the start-stop state of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby includes:

determining an opening and stopping condition according to the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby;

according to the sequence of the dispatching priority of each thermal power unit from large to small, successively determining the expected starting state of each thermal power unit in each expected dispatching period until each thermal power unit reaches the starting and stopping conditions, and determining all the thermal power units after the last thermal power unit determining the expected starting state as the expected stopping state in the expected dispatching period;

Under the scheduling period corresponding to each expected scheduling period, placing the thermal power unit in an expected starting state under the expected scheduling period in an starting state, and placing the thermal power unit in an expected stopping state under the expected scheduling period in a stopping state;

acquiring the minimum startup time and the minimum shutdown time of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period;

calculating historical continuous start time and historical continuous stop time of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period;

placing a thermal power generating unit in a shutdown state, which meets a first condition and a second condition, in an on state, wherein the first condition is that the thermal power generating unit is in the on state before the scheduling period, the second condition is a first sub-condition, a second sub-condition or a third sub-condition, and the first sub-condition is thatFor continuous start-up time,/->For the minimum on-time, the second sub-condition is +.>And->Adding the minimum downtime to the current scheduling period and subtracting one scheduling period to obtain a result period, wherein T is the total scheduling period,/and>for the said continuous down-time period,for the minimum downtime, the third sub-condition is +>And->For each expected scheduling period after the expected scheduling period corresponding to the current scheduling period, there is an expected scheduling period in which the thermal power generating unit is determined to be in an on state.

Optionally, determining the start-stop condition according to the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby includes:

the first starting and stopping conditions are determined as follows:

wherein t is each of the expected scheduling periods, L _t For the number, pl, of thermal power units started in the t-th period in the thermal power unit cluster _t For the total load of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster under each expected scheduling period, p _gi,max An upper output limit R 'of the ith thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster' _t,up Standby for the corrected positive rotation;

the second start-stop condition is determined as follows:

wherein p is _gi,min The lower output limit of the ith thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster is R' _t,down Spare for the corrected negative rotation;

and combining the first starting and stopping conditions with the second starting and stopping conditions to obtain starting and stopping conditions.

A thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling device, comprising:

the index calculation unit is used for calculating the economical index, the environment-friendly index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster;

the index coefficient analysis unit is used for determining an economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, an environmental index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental index and an electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit by using an analytic hierarchy process;

The priority determining unit is used for obtaining the dispatching priority of each thermal power unit according to the economic index, the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit, and the economic index weight coefficient, the environmental protection index weight coefficient and the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient of the thermal power unit, which correspond to the economic index, the environmental protection index weight coefficient and the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient, which correspond to the environmental protection index;

the positive and negative standby correction unit is used for correcting the positive rotation standby and the negative rotation standby under each scheduling period in the standby capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster to obtain corrected positive rotation standby and corrected negative rotation standby under the scheduling period;

and the start-stop scheduling unit is used for scheduling the start-stop state of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby.

Optionally, the index calculating unit calculates an economic index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster, including:

the index calculation unit calculates an economic index of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster by using the following formula:

Optionally, the index calculating unit calculates an environmental protection index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster, including:

the index calculation unit calculates an environmental protection index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster by using the following steps:

Optionally, the index calculating unit calculates an electrical quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster, including:

Optionally, the priority determining unit includes:

the economic priority determining unit is used for multiplying the economic index of each thermal power generating unit by the economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index to obtain the economic index priority;

the environment-friendly priority determining unit is used for multiplying the environment-friendly index of each thermal power generating unit by the environment-friendly index weight coefficient corresponding to the environment-friendly index to obtain the environment-friendly index priority;

the completion rate priority determining unit is used for multiplying the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit by the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index to obtain electric quantity completion rate index priority;

And the priority accumulating unit is used for accumulating the economic index priority of each thermal power unit, the environment-friendly index priority of the thermal power unit and the electric quantity completion rate index priority of the thermal power unit to obtain the scheduling priority of each thermal power unit.

Optionally, the positive and negative standby correction unit includes:

the first positive and negative standby correction subunit is used for acquiring new energy output prediction data and new energy output actual data of the thermal power generating unit group in each scheduling period in each historical day for each scheduling period;

the second positive and negative standby correction subunit is used for determining new energy output prediction error data of the thermal power generating unit in the dispatching period in each historical day based on the new energy output prediction data and the new energy output actual data;

a third positive and negative backup correction subunit configured to determine a probability density function for the new energy output prediction error data using the following equation:

A fourth positive and negative standby correction subunit, configured to determine a value corresponding to a first quantile and a value corresponding to a second quantile of the probability density function;

a fifth positive and negative standby correction subunit, configured to multiply a value corresponding to the first dividing point by a renewable energy source predicted output of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period to obtain a first rotation standby correction value;

a sixth positive and negative standby correction subunit, configured to multiply a value corresponding to the second division point by a renewable energy source predicted output of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period to obtain a second rotation standby correction value;

a seventh positive and negative standby correction subunit, configured to subtract the second rotation standby correction value from a positive rotation standby in a standby capacity constraint of an economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster, to obtain a corrected positive rotation standby in the scheduling period;

and an eighth positive and negative standby correction subunit, configured to add the first rotational standby correction value to a negative rotational standby in a standby capacity constraint of an economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster, so as to obtain a corrected negative rotational standby in the scheduling period.

Optionally, the start-stop scheduling unit includes:

a start-stop condition determining unit, configured to determine a start-stop condition according to the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby;

the pre-start-stop determining unit is used for sequentially determining the expected start-up state of each thermal power unit in each expected scheduling period according to the sequence from large to small of the scheduling priority of each thermal power unit until each thermal power unit reaches the start-up stop condition, and determining all the thermal power units after the last thermal power unit determining the expected start-up state as the expected stop state in the expected scheduling period;

the starting and stopping unit is used for placing the thermal power unit in an expected starting state under the expected scheduling period in an starting state under the scheduling period corresponding to each expected scheduling period, and placing the thermal power unit in an expected stopping state under the expected scheduling period in a stopping state;

the minimum starting and stopping time acquisition unit is used for acquiring the minimum starting time and the minimum stopping time of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period;

the continuous start-stop time calculation unit is used for calculating the historical continuous start time and the historical continuous stop time of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period;

A unit opening unit, configured to set a thermal power unit in an idle state in an open state, where the thermal power unit is in the open state before the scheduling period, and the thermal power unit meets a first condition and a second condition, where the second condition is a first sub-condition, a second sub-condition, or a third sub-condition, and the first sub-condition isIn order for the start-up time to be continuous,for the minimum on-time, the second sub-condition is +.>And->Adding the minimum downtime to the current scheduling period and subtracting one scheduling period to obtain a result period, wherein T is the total scheduling period,/and>for the continuous downtime, +.>For the minimum downtime, the third sub-condition is +>And-> For each expected scheduling period after the expected scheduling period corresponding to the current scheduling period, there is an expected scheduling period in which the thermal power generating unit is determined to be in an on state.

Optionally, the start-stop condition determining unit includes:

a first start-stop condition determining subunit, configured to determine that the first start-stop condition is:

wherein t is each of the expected scheduling periods, L _t For the number, pl, of thermal power units started in the t-th period in the thermal power unit cluster _t For the total load of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster under each expected scheduling period, An upper output limit R 'of the ith thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster' _t,up Standby for the corrected positive rotation;

a second start-stop condition determining subunit, configured to determine that the second start-stop condition is:

wherein,the lower output limit of the ith thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster is R' _t,down Spare for the corrected negative rotation;

and a third start-stop condition determining subunit, configured to combine the first start-stop condition with the second start-stop condition to obtain a start-stop condition.

By means of the technical scheme, the economic index, the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster are calculated, the economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, the environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit are determined by using a hierarchical analysis method, the positive rotation standby and the negative rotation standby in reserve capacity constraint of an economic objective function of the thermal power unit cluster are corrected for each scheduling period, and corrected positive rotation standby and negative rotation standby in the thermal power unit cluster are obtained after each scheduling period and after each scheduling period are completed according to the economic index, the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit, the environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit are corrected according to the positive rotation standby and the positive rotation standby state and the negative rotation standby state of each thermal power unit after each scheduling period are corrected. Therefore, in the process of calculating the dispatching priority of each thermal power unit, a plurality of factors can be considered more comprehensively, and a clear decision process can be given out by combining the modified reserve capacity constraint, so that the thermal power unit start-stop dispatching plan with large new energy output prediction error can be considered, and the thermal power unit start-stop dispatching plan can be dispatched more optimally.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for start-stop scheduling of a thermal power generating unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

The scheme can be realized based on the terminal with the data processing capability, and the terminal can be a computer, a server, a cloud end and the like.

Next, as described in connection with fig. 1, the method for start-stop scheduling of a thermal power generating unit of the present application may include the following steps:

and step S110, calculating an economic index, an environmental protection index and an electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster.

Specifically, the economic index may represent an economic advantage degree of the thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster, the environmental protection index may represent an environmental protection advantage degree of the thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster, and the electric quantity completion rate index may represent an advantage degree of a completion electric quantity proportion of the thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster.

It can be understood that the economic index, the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index can be counted for each thermal power generating unit so as to comprehensively evaluate the output priority of each thermal power generating unit.

And step 120, determining an economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, an environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index and an electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit by using an analytic hierarchy process.

Specifically, the input a can be input according to nine stages of comparison scales in response to a user ₁₂ ，a ₁₃ ，a ₂₁ ，a ₂₃ ，a ₃₁ ，a ₃₂ And construct a matrixElement a in matrix a _ij Can represent index I _i And I _j Is a comparison result of (a).

Wherein, nine-level comparison scales are shown in the following table:

and carrying out consistency check on the matrix A by using an analytic hierarchy process, and if the matrix A does not pass the consistency check, modifying the matrix A until the matrix A passes the consistency check, and carrying out normalization processing on the weight coefficient of the economic index, the weight coefficient of the environment-friendly index and the weight coefficient of the electric quantity completion rate to obtain the economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, the environment-friendly index weight coefficient corresponding to the environment-friendly index and the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index.

And step S130, according to the economical index, the environment-friendly index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit, and the economical index weight coefficient, the environment-friendly index weight coefficient and the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient of the thermal power generating unit corresponding to the economical index, the environment-friendly index weight coefficient and the electric quantity completion rate index corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index, the dispatching priority of each thermal power generating unit is obtained.

It can be understood that the scheduling priority of each thermal power unit needs to comprehensively consider the economic index, the environmental protection index, the electric quantity completion rate index and the index coefficients related to the economic index, the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit, and the economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, the environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit can be used for obtaining the scheduling priority of each thermal power unit.

And step 140, correcting the positive rotation reserve and the negative rotation reserve under each scheduling period in the reserve capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster to obtain the corrected positive rotation reserve and the corrected negative rotation reserve under the scheduling period.

It can be appreciated that, because the margin of the positive rotation reserve and the negative rotation reserve of the reserve capacity constraint is smaller in the constraint condition of the economic objective function of the thermal power unit cluster, the margin has an important factor of uncertainty for the output prediction of the thermal power unit, so that the positive rotation reserve and the negative rotation reserve of the thermal power unit cluster need to be corrected for each scheduling period.

And step S150, scheduling the start-stop state of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby.

Specifically, an output plan of the thermal power generating unit cluster can be predetermined, the output is executed in each scheduling period according to the predetermined plan, the output is carried out on each thermal power generating unit according to the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby constraint mode, and the output certainty of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster is improved.

According to the thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling method, the economic index, the environment-friendly index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit are calculated, the coefficient of each index is determined, the priority of each thermal power generating unit is determined, meanwhile, positive rotation standby and negative rotation standby in a thermal power generating unit cluster are corrected, and in the process of scheduling the start-stop states of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit, the thermal power generating unit is used as an output constraint condition. Therefore, in the process of calculating the dispatching priority of each thermal power unit, a plurality of factors can be considered more comprehensively, and a clear decision process can be given out by combining the modified reserve capacity constraint, so that the thermal power unit start-stop dispatching plan with large new energy output prediction error can be considered, and the thermal power unit start-stop dispatching plan can be dispatched more optimally.

In some embodiments of the present application, the process of calculating the economic index, the environmental protection index, and the power completion rate index of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster in step S110 may include:

Wherein a is _g B is a secondary coefficient of the power generation cost of the thermal power unit in an economic objective function of the thermal power unit cluster _g For this thermal power machine in thermal power unit cluster economic objective functionThe primary coefficient of the power generation cost of the group c _g The coefficient of the power generation cost constant, p, of the thermal power unit in the economic objective function of the thermal power unit cluster _g,min For the lower power output limit, p of the thermal power unit _g,max D, the upper power output limit of the thermal power unit is d ₁ For the preset inflection point of the economic index,g is a thermal power generating unit cluster.

wherein p is _g,min For the lower power output limit, p of the thermal power unit _g,max D, the upper power output limit of the thermal power unit is d ₂ Is a preset environment-friendly index inflection point alpha _g Is the secondary characteristic coefficient beta of the exhaust emission curve of the thermal power unit _g Is the primary characteristic coefficient gamma of the exhaust emission curve of the thermal power unit _g Is a constant characteristic coefficient of an exhaust emission curve of the thermal power generating unit,g is a thermal power generating unit cluster. />

In some embodiments of the present application, the process of obtaining the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit according to the above step S130 and according to the economic index, the environmental protection index and the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit, and the economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, the environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index, and the electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index of the thermal power generating unit may include:

s1, multiplying the economic index of each thermal power generating unit by the economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index to obtain the economic index priority.

For example, the economic index for the thermal power generating unit g is I _1,g The weight coefficient of the economic index corresponding to the economic index is w ₁ Then the economic index priority is w ₁ I _1,g 。

S2, multiplying the environmental protection index of each thermal power generating unit by the environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index to obtain the priority of the environmental protection index.

For example, the environmental protection index for the thermal power generating unit g is I _2,g The environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index is w ₂ Then the priority of the environmental protection index is w ₂ I _2,g 。

And S3, multiplying the electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit by an electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index to obtain the priority of the electric quantity completion rate index.

For example, the electric quantity completion rate index for the thermal power generating unit g is I _3,g The electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index is w ₃ Then the power completion index priority is w ₃ I _3,g 。

And S4, accumulating the economic index priority of each thermal power unit, the environmental protection index priority of the thermal power unit and the electric quantity completion rate index priority of the thermal power unit to obtain the scheduling priority of each thermal power unit.

For example, scheduling priority for thermal power generating unit gThe degree can be expressed as I _g ＝w ₁ I _1,g +w ₂ I _2,g +w ₃ I _3,g 。

According to the thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling method, the priority of each index is integrated by calculating and multiplying each index by the index coefficient corresponding to the index and accumulating the priority of each index, so that the priority scheduling order of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster is determined.

In some embodiments of the present application, the process of correcting the positive rotation reserve and the negative rotation reserve in each scheduling period in the reserve capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the step S140 to obtain the corrected positive rotation reserve and the corrected negative rotation reserve in the scheduling period is described, where the process may include:

s1, for each scheduling period, new energy output prediction data and new energy output actual data of the thermal power generating unit clustered in the scheduling period in each historical day are obtained.

Specifically, the new energy output prediction data of the thermal power generating unit in the scheduling period t in each day of history can be obtained from a prediction data record stored in advance locally and expressed as……、/>N is the total number of days considered, and the new energy output actual data of the thermal power generating unit clustered in the scheduling period in each historical day can be obtained from a local pre-stored actual data record, and is expressed as ++>……、/>

S2, determining new energy output prediction error data of the thermal power generating unit in the scheduling period in each historical day based on the new energy output prediction data and the new energy output actual data.

Specifically, the difference between the actual data of the daily new energy output and the predicted data of the daily new energy output is divided by the actual data of the daily new energy output, and the obtained result is the predicted error data of the new energy output of the day under the scheduling time.

The new energy output prediction error data of the scheduling period t in each day can be represented by the following formula:

s3, determining a probability density function of the new energy output prediction error data by using the following formula:

wherein N is the total number of days of each day of the history,a new energy output prediction error f (·) of the thermal power generating unit clustered in the schedule period t in the history daily is +.>Probability density function of>For the ith data of the new energy output prediction error of the thermal power generating unit clustered in the schedule period T in each day, t=1, 2, … …, T is the total period number of the considered period in each day, N' is the minimum integer greater than N, J is the value satisfying δ (J ₀ ) J=j taken for the smallest hour ₀ 。

S4, determining a value corresponding to the first dividing point and a value corresponding to the second dividing point of the probability density function.

It will be appreciated that the probability density function may have two quantiles, a first quantile and a second quantile, respectively, and that the value corresponding to the first quantile may then represent the abscissa value of the first quantile The value corresponding to the second site may represent the abscissa value of the second site +.>So as to satisfy->And->

And S5, multiplying the value corresponding to the first dividing point by the renewable energy source prediction output of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period to obtain a first rotation standby correction value.

Specifically, the first rotational standby correction value may be expressed asWherein p is _RE,t The renewable energy source predicted output of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period t can be represented.

And S6, multiplying the value corresponding to the second dividing point by the renewable energy source prediction output of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period to obtain a second rotation standby correction value.

Specifically, the second rotational standby correction value may be expressed asp _RE,t The renewable energy source predicted output of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period t can be represented.

And S7, subtracting the second rotation standby correction value from the positive rotation standby in the standby capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster to obtain corrected positive rotation standby in the scheduling period.

Specifically, the corrected positive rotation reserve may be expressed asR _t,up Positive rotational reserve in reserve capacity constraints of economic objective functions of thermal power generation clusters may be represented.

S8, adding the first rotation standby correction value to the negative rotation standby in the standby capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster to obtain corrected negative rotation standby in the scheduling period.

Specifically, the corrected negative rotation reserve may be expressed asR _t,down Negative rotational reserve in reserve capacity constraints of an economic objective function of a thermal power plant cluster may be represented.

Then the reserve capacity constraint after the positive and negative rotations reserve is modified from the reserve capacity constraint before the modification:

the method is changed into that:

each thermal power generating unit can perform output dispatching according to the corrected reserve capacity constraint.

According to the thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling method, new energy output prediction error data are calculated through statistics of new energy output prediction data and new energy output actual data of the thermal power generating unit clusters in each historical day, a probability density function is determined, values corresponding to a first dividing point and a second dividing point of the probability density function are used as correction factors, positive and negative rotation standby is corrected, corrected positive and negative rotation standby is obtained, so that output scheduling of each thermal power generating unit under the corrected positive and negative rotation standby constraint has larger margin, and uncertainty of new energy output prediction is reduced.

In some embodiments of the present application, a process of scheduling a start-stop state of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby in the step S150 is described, where the process may include:

s1, determining starting and stopping conditions according to the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby.

Specifically, the process of determining the start-stop condition may include the steps of:

s11, determining a first starting and stopping condition as follows:

/>

wherein t is each of the expected scheduling periods, L _t For the number, pl, of thermal power units started in the t-th period in the thermal power unit cluster _t For the total load of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster under each expected scheduling period, p _gi,max An upper output limit R 'of the ith thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster' _t,up And (5) standby for the corrected positive rotation.

S12, determining a second starting and stopping condition as follows:

wherein p is _gi,min The lower output limit of the ith thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster is R' _t,down And (5) standby for the corrected negative rotation.

S13, combining the first starting and stopping conditions with the second starting and stopping conditions to obtain starting and stopping conditions.

S2, according to the sequence of the dispatching priorities of the thermal power units from large to small, sequentially determining the expected starting state of each thermal power unit in each expected dispatching period until each thermal power unit reaches the starting and stopping conditions, and determining all the thermal power units after the last thermal power unit determining the expected starting state as the expected stopping state in the expected dispatching period.

Specifically, according to the order of the scheduling priority of each thermal power unit from big to small, the ordered thermal power units are assumed to be g in turn ₁ 、g ₂ 、…、g _n Under each expected scheduling period, the generators in each thermal power unit are started in a one-by-one simulation mode, and when each thermal power unit reaches the starting and stopping conditions, the last thermal power unit determining the expected starting state is determinedThen the state of each thermal power generating unit in the expected scheduling period is determined to beA state of 0 may indicate that the thermal power plant is determined to be in a shutdown state, and a state of 1 may indicate that the thermal power plant is determined to be in a startup state.

S3, under the scheduling period corresponding to each expected scheduling period, placing the thermal power unit in an expected starting state under the expected scheduling period in an starting state, and placing the thermal power unit in an expected stopping state under the expected scheduling period in a stopping state.

Specifically, after determining the expected shutdown state and the expected startup state of each thermal power unit in each expected scheduling period in one day, a daily schedule output table of the thermal power unit can be generated, and the startup and shutdown of each thermal power unit can be arranged in each scheduling period according to the corresponding expected scheduling period in the daily schedule output table.

S4, acquiring the minimum startup time and the minimum shutdown time of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period.

S5, calculating historical continuous starting time and historical continuous stopping time of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period.

Specifically, the historical continuous starting time of each thermal power unit in each scheduling period can be calculated from the starting time of the thermal power unit, and if the thermal power unit is in a shutdown state, the historical continuous starting time of the thermal power unit is 0. The historical continuous stop time of each thermal power unit under each scheduling period can be calculated from the stop time of the thermal power unit, and if the thermal power unit is in a starting state, the historical continuous stop time of the thermal power unit is 0.

S6, placing the thermal power generating unit in the shutdown state meeting the first condition and the second condition in an on state.

The first condition is that the thermal power generating unit is in an on state before the scheduling period, and the second condition is a first sub-condition, a second sub-condition or a third sub-condition.

The first sub-condition is that the continuous starting time is smaller than the minimum starting time.

In particular, the first sub-condition may be expressed asWherein->Can represent a continuous start-up time,/->A minimum on-time may be indicated.

The second sub-condition is that the current scheduling period is added with the minimum downtime and subtracted by one scheduling period, the obtained result period is smaller than the total scheduling period, and the continuous downtime is smaller than the minimum downtime.

In particular, the second sub-condition may be expressed asAnd->Wherein t in the formula in the second sub-condition may represent the current scheduling period,/or->May represent a minimum downtime, T may represent a total schedule period,can be indicated as continuous down time,/-)>A minimum downtime may be indicated.

The third sub-condition is that the result period is smaller than the total scheduling period, and in each expected scheduling period after the expected scheduling period corresponding to the current scheduling period, there is an expected scheduling period of the thermal power generating unit determined to be in an on state.

In particular, the third sub-condition may be expressed asAnd->It may be expressed that there is an expected scheduling period of the on state among all the expected scheduling periods after the current scheduling period t.

In addition, the constraint condition of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster when outputting aiming at the objective function may further include: power balance constraint, thermal power unit output upper and lower limit constraint, thermal power unit climbing power constraint and corrected reserve capacity constraint.

Specifically, the objective function may be expressed as:

wherein P is _g,t The power generation power of the thermal power generating unit g in the scheduling period t is S _g The start-up and stop cost of the thermal power unit g, a _g Is the coefficient of the secondary power generation cost of the thermal power unit g, b _g Is the primary power generation cost coefficient of the thermal power unit g, c _g Is a constant power generation cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit g.

The power balance constraint can be expressed as:

wherein Pl is _t For the total load of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period t, P _RE,t And predicting output for renewable energy sources of the thermal power generating unit cluster in the scheduling period t.

The thermal power generating unit output upper and lower limit constraint can be expressed as:

wherein p is _g,min Can represent the lower output limit, p of the thermal power unit g _g,max The upper output limit of the thermal power generating unit g can be represented.

The climbing power constraint of the thermal power generating unit can be expressed as:

wherein,can represent the maximum upward climbing power of the thermal power unit g, < >>The maximum downward power of the thermal power generation unit g may be represented.

The modified spare capacity constraint may be expressed as:

according to the thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling method, the start-stop states of the thermal power generating units are determined in advance, the start-stop states of the thermal power generating units are arranged in each scheduling period, and the thermal power generating units which meet the first condition and the second condition and stop currently are started to output, so that each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster can output under the corrected standby constraint condition of positive and negative rotation standby, and the thermal power generating unit cluster has larger output margin.

The device for realizing the start-stop scheduling of the thermal power unit provided by the embodiment of the application is described below, and the device for realizing the start-stop scheduling of the thermal power unit and the method for realizing the start-stop scheduling of the thermal power unit described below can be correspondingly referred to each other.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for implementing start-stop scheduling of a thermal power generating unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 3, the apparatus may include:

an index calculation unit 11, configured to calculate an economic index, an environmental protection index, and an electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power unit in the thermal power unit cluster;

An index coefficient analysis unit 12 for determining an economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, an environmental index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental index, and an electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index for each thermal power generating unit by using an analytic hierarchy process;

a priority determining unit 13, configured to obtain a scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit according to an economic index, an environmental protection index, and an electric quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit, and an economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, an environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index, and an electric quantity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electric quantity completion rate index of the thermal power generating unit;

the positive and negative standby correction unit 14 is configured to correct the positive rotation standby and the negative rotation standby under each scheduling period in the standby capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster, so as to obtain a corrected positive rotation standby and a corrected negative rotation standby under the scheduling period;

and the start-stop scheduling unit 15 is used for scheduling the start-stop state of each thermal power generating unit under each scheduling period according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby.

Optionally, the index calculating unit 14 calculates an economic index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster, including:

the index calculation unit 14 calculates an economic index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster by using:

Optionally, the index calculating unit 14 calculates an environmental protection index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster, including:

the index calculation unit 14 calculates an environmental protection index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster by using:

Optionally, the index calculating unit 14 calculates an electrical quantity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit in the thermal power generating unit cluster, including:

Optionally, the priority determining unit 13 includes:

Optionally, the positive and negative standby correction unit 14 includes:

Optionally, the start-stop scheduling unit 15 includes:

a unit opening unit, configured to set a thermal power unit in an idle state in an open state, where the thermal power unit is in the open state before the scheduling period, and the thermal power unit meets a first condition and a second condition, where the second condition is a first sub-condition, a second sub-condition, or a third sub-condition, and the first sub-condition isIn order for the start-up time to be continuous,for the minimum on-time, the second sub-condition is +.>And->Adding minimum shutdown to the current scheduling periodSubtracting one scheduling period from the other, and obtaining a result period, wherein T is the total scheduling period>For the continuous downtime, +.>For the minimum downtime, the third sub-condition is +>And-> For each expected scheduling period after the expected scheduling period corresponding to the current scheduling period, there is an expected scheduling period in which the thermal power generating unit is determined to be in an on state.

Optionally, the start-stop condition determining unit includes:

The thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling device provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling equipment, such as a terminal: computers, servers, etc. Optionally, fig. 3 shows a hardware structure block diagram of a thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling device, and referring to fig. 3, the hardware structure of the thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling device may include: at least one processor 1, at least one communication interface 2, at least one memory 3 and at least one communication bus 4;

In the embodiment of the application, the number of the processor 1, the communication interface 2, the memory 3 and the communication bus 4 is at least one, and the processor 1, the communication interface 2 and the memory 3 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 4;

processor 1 may be a central processing unit CPU, or a specific integrated circuit ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention, etc.;

the memory 3 may comprise a high-speed RAM memory, and may further comprise a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory) or the like, such as at least one magnetic disk memory;

wherein the memory stores a program, the processor is operable to invoke the program stored in the memory, the program operable to:

Alternatively, the refinement function and the extension function of the program may be described with reference to the above.

The embodiment of the application also provides a storage medium, which may store a program adapted to be executed by a processor, the program being configured to:

Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and may be combined according to needs, and the same similar parts may be referred to each other.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for start-stop scheduling of a thermal power generating unit, comprising the steps of:

scheduling the start-stop state of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby;

correcting the positive rotation reserve and the negative rotation reserve under each scheduling period in the reserve capacity constraint of the economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster to obtain a corrected positive rotation reserve and a corrected negative rotation reserve under the scheduling period, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

negative rotation standby in standby capacity constraint of an economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster is added with the first rotation standby correction value to obtain corrected negative rotation standby in the scheduling period;

and according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby, scheduling the start-stop state of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period, including:

placing a thermal power generating unit in a shutdown state in an on state, wherein the thermal power generating unit is in the on state before the scheduling period, and the thermal power generating unit is in the off state, and the thermal power generating unit is in the on state after the scheduling periodIs a first sub-condition, a second sub-condition or a third sub-condition, the first sub-condition isFor continuous start-up time,/->For the minimum on-time, the second sub-condition is +.>And->Adding the minimum downtime to the current scheduling period and subtracting one scheduling period to obtain a result period, wherein T is the total scheduling period,/and>for continuous down time>For the minimum downtime, the third sub-condition is +>And->For each expected scheduling period after the expected scheduling period corresponding to the current scheduling period, there is an expected scheduling period in which the thermal power generating unit is determined to be in an on state.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating an economic indicator for each thermal power plant in the thermal power plant cluster comprises:

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating environmental indicators for each thermal power plant in the thermal power plant cluster comprises:

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the power completion rate indicator for each thermal power plant in the thermal power plant cluster comprises:

5. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit according to the economic index, the environmental protection index, and the electricity completion rate index of each thermal power generating unit, and the economic index weight coefficient corresponding to the economic index, the environmental protection index weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental protection index, and the electricity completion rate index weight coefficient corresponding to the electricity completion rate index of the thermal power generating unit, comprises:

6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an on-stop condition based on the corrected positive rotation reserve and the corrected negative rotation reserve comprises:

the first starting and stopping conditions are determined as follows:

the second start-stop condition is determined as follows:

7. A thermal power generating unit start-stop scheduling device, comprising:

the start-stop scheduling unit is used for scheduling the start-stop state of each thermal power generating unit in each scheduling period according to the scheduling priority of each thermal power generating unit, the corrected positive rotation standby and the corrected negative rotation standby;

the positive and negative standby correction unit includes:

An eighth positive and negative standby correction subunit, configured to reserve negative rotation in a standby capacity constraint of an economic objective function of the thermal power generating unit cluster, and add the first rotation standby correction value to obtain a corrected negative rotation standby in the scheduling period;

the start-stop scheduling unit comprises:

a unit opening unit, configured to set a thermal power unit in an idle state in an open state, where the thermal power unit is in the open state before the scheduling period, and the thermal power unit meets a first condition and a second condition, where the second condition is a first sub-condition, a second sub-condition, or a third sub-condition, and the first sub-condition is For continuous start-up time,/->For the minimum on-time, the second sub-condition is +.>And->Adding the minimum downtime to the current scheduling period and subtracting one scheduling period to obtain a result period, wherein T is the total scheduling period,/and>for continuous down time>For the minimum downtime, the third sub-condition is +>And->For each expected scheduling period after the expected scheduling period corresponding to the current scheduling period, there is an expected scheduling period in which the thermal power generating unit is determined to be in an on state.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the index calculation unit calculates an economic index of each thermal power generation unit in the thermal power generation unit cluster, comprising: