CN115063546A - Method for delineating range of security pillar from open air to underground - Google Patents
Method for delineating range of security pillar from open air to underground Download PDFInfo
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- CN115063546A CN115063546A CN202210639890.5A CN202210639890A CN115063546A CN 115063546 A CN115063546 A CN 115063546A CN 202210639890 A CN202210639890 A CN 202210639890A CN 115063546 A CN115063546 A CN 115063546A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical compound [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for delineating the range of an open-air to underground security pillar, which comprises the following steps: determining a safe collapse zone; fitting with a surface DTM surface; extracting a fitting curve; rapidly generating a DTM surface; form H 0 -mh horizontal section line; judging whether a section line penetrates through the No. m DTM surface; acquiring a theoretical boundary of a security pillar; and obtaining the boundary of the security pillar. Software, theory and actual engineering are combined together to this application, compare in directly deriving security personnel pillar boundary according to rock angle of movement one step in place, and the security personnel pillar ore pillar that this method obtained is more level and simple, also is more convenient for security personnel pillar to keep somewhere the construction, does benefit to the recovery of security personnel pillar resource.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and particularly relates to a method for delineating the range of an open-air-to-underground security pillar.
Background
After the underground ore is mined, the balance state of the stress of the original rock is destroyed, and in the process of forming from the original balance being destroyed to the new balance, the rock stratum moves and deforms to different degrees, and the stress is redistributed. For some mines there are buildings and structures on the surface and therefore the surface is not allowed to settle significantly unevenly. Huge loss is caused by underground mining sedimentation every year in China, and in order to reduce the loss to the minimum, the effective control of the ground surface sedimentation caused by mining is imperative.
In order to effectively avoid the damage of underground mining to ground buildings and structures, the reserved security pillars are a reliable method. But also can cause that the resource can not be extracted in time, and meanwhile, if the range of the security pillar is not defined reasonably, the extraction technical conditions of the security pillar are seriously worsened, which is not beneficial to the recovery of the security pillar resource and causes the loss of a large amount of high-quality mineral resources.
In order to improve the recovery rate of mineral resources, ensure the continuity of production capacities of different levels, prolong the service life of a mine and ensure the safety of surface buildings and structures, a security pillar range which can realize economy and ensure safety has great significance for the development of the mine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for delineating the range of a security pillar from open pit to underground, which aims to solve the problem of delineating the boundary of the security pillar during the underground mining of a metal mine, ensure that the boundary is more reasonable and improve the reliability of the delineation of the range of the security pillar.
Therefore, the method for delineating the range from open air to underground security pillars provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
Aiming at a protected object, checking corresponding standards and specifications, and determining the position and the length of a safety collapse zone;
step 2, fitting with a ground DTM (digital terrestrial model) surface
Fitting the safety collapse zone obtained in the step (1) with a surface DTM surface comprising an open pit so that points on the collapse zone fall on the surface DTM surface as far as possible;
and step 3: extracting fitting curves
Extracting a fitting curve on the basis of fitting the safe collapse zone and the ground surface DTM surface;
step 4, downward expansion of the fitted curve
Expanding the fitted curve obtained in the step 3 downwards by a height of 2h according to the rock movement angle theta to obtain a derivation curve; wherein h is the segment height;
step 5, rapidly generating DTM surface
Rapidly generating a DTM surface in 3DMine software based on the derivation curve obtained in the step 4 and the fitting curve obtained in the step 3, numbering the DTM surface as m, and setting the initial value of m as 1;
step 6, forming H 0 Horizontal section line of-mh
Based on elevation H 0 -mh cut profile, thereby forming H 0 Horizontal section line of-mh, H 0 The average elevation of the earth surface is taken;
step 7, judging whether the section line penetrates through the DTM surface
If the curve is intersected, combining the section line and the overflow boundary to form a new fitting curve, making m equal to m +1, returning to the step 4, forming a DTM surface by the new fitting curve and a derivation curve of the new fitting curve in the step 5, and sequentially performing other steps; if the section line does not penetrate through the DTM surface, entering the next step;
step 8, obtaining the theoretical boundary of the security pillar
By deleting redundant point and t-corner pairs H 0 -mh horizontal section lines are trimmed, and each horizontal security pillar theoretical boundary is deduced by using the trimmed plane curves;
and step 9: obtaining security pillar boundaries
And (4) optimizing the boundary of the step (8) according to the actual engineering arrangement, medium and long term mining plan and the principle of simplicity and convenience in construction to obtain a more reasonable security pillar boundary.
Specifically, the length of the safety collapse zone in the step 1 is not less than 5 times of the distance between the safety collapse zone and the protected object according to an arc-shaped curve formed by the outer contour of the protected object.
Specifically, the range of the surface DTM surface in step 2 is greater than the range of the deposit.
Specifically, at least 90% of the points on the collapsed zone in step 2 fall on the surface DTM surface.
Specifically, in step 7, the overflow boundary is a portion on the left side or the right side of an intersection point of the curve with the larger horizontal elevation and the curve with the smaller horizontal elevation after the section line intersects the two curves.
Specifically, the actual engineering in step 9 includes development engineering, mining engineering, long-term medium-term mine planning, and geological structure.
Specifically, the protection objects in step 1 include buildings, roads and other natural protection landscapes.
Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method fits the acquired collapse zone with the DTM surface of the ground surface, fully considers the change of the trend of the ground surface and the influence of open-pit mining, ensures the reliability of the theoretical boundary of the security pillar by utilizing the 3DMine function and artificial correction, and optimizes the theoretical boundary based on the arrangement condition of actual engineering to obtain the security pillar boundary which is more convenient to construct.
In conclusion, the method combines software, theory and actual engineering, and compared with the method of directly deducing the boundary of the security pillar in one step according to the rock movement angle, the security pillar obtained by the method is smoother and simpler, is more convenient for security pillar retention construction, is beneficial to recovery of security pillar resources, and has the characteristics of safety, economy, applicability and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for delineating the range of an open-pit to underground security pillar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a safety collapse zone determined by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fit of a safety collapse zone to an actual DTM plane according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a fit obtained by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the development achieved by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of generating a DTM surface No. 1 using a fitting curve and a broadening curve according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a 1570m cut according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a combination curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a 1490m elevation-based cutting profile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The underground iron ore belongs to medium-grade high-sulfur low-phosphorus vanadium-titanium magnetite, is rich in vanadium-titanium resources and has extremely high mining value. The ore body is nearly east-west and has a north inclination angle of 50-60 degrees, and the ore body is produced in a monoclinic lamellar shape, a lamellar shape and a lens shape. According to the mining technical conditions, open-pit mining is adopted at the early stage of the underground iron ore, the mine is shifted to the underground mining stage at present, the adopted mining method is a sill pillar-free sublevel caving method, the layering height is 20m, two sections of road sections of the highway of the area are arranged right above the ore body and are respectively positioned at the north part and the west part of the ore body, and the moving range of the surface part building structure from the mining rock stratum is closer, and the range of the safety pillar of the road and the surface building structure and the stability of the open slope are considered. The invention provides a method for delineating the range of an open-pit-to-underground security pillar, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining a safety collapse zone
The length of the safety collapse zone is not less than 5 times of the distance between the safety collapse zone and the protected object, and the safety collapse zone is representative. In this embodiment, for a road protection object, according to a road of a section to be protected, corresponding standards and specifications are checked, and it is determined that a collapse allowing band is 20m away from an outer contour of the road, and the length of the collapse band is 1311m, as shown in fig. 2.
Step 2: fitting to surface DTM surface
The mine is an open-to-underground mine, so that an open pit exists on the surface, and therefore the safety collapse zone obtained in step 1 is fitted to the surface DTM surface including the open pit, so that at least 90% of the points on the collapse zone fall on the DTM surface, and the range of the surface DTM surface is greater than the range of the deposit, as shown in fig. 3.
And step 3: extracting fitting curves
On the basis of step 2, a fitted curve is extracted, as shown in fig. 4.
And 4, step 4: the fitted curve expands downward. And (4) expanding the fitted curve obtained in the step (3) downwards by 40m height according to the rock movement angle of 60 degrees to obtain a derivation curve, as shown in fig. 5.
And 5: rapid generation of DTM surfaces
In 3d mine, based on the function of generating the DTM surface, the DTM surface is quickly generated by the extrapolated curve in step 4 and the fitted curve obtained in step 3, and is numbered as m (the initial value of m is 1), as shown in fig. 6.
Step 6: forming a horizontal section line of 1570m
The DTM face No. 1 was cut based on elevation 1570m, forming horizontal section lines of 1570m, as shown in fig. 7.
And 7: judging whether the section line penetrates through the No. 1 DTM surface
1570m horizontal section line has run through DTM plane No. 1, so it is necessary to combine the section line with the spillover boundary, which is the left (right) side of the intersection point of the curve with the larger horizontal elevation and the curve with the smaller horizontal elevation after the section plane intersects the two curves (the fitted curve and the derived curve), to form a new fitted curve (combined line), and to use the clean-up and debug functions for the new fitted curve, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
And returning the fitted curve after the fitting curve is verified to be reasonable to the step 4, and starting a new cycle. In step 5, a new fitted curve formed at the level of 1570m and a derivative curve formed according to the new fitted curve are combined to generate a DTM surface No. 2, the process is strictly executed according to the steps and the judgment standard, and when a cutting section line is formed at the level of 1490m, the section line does not penetrate through the corresponding DTM surface, so that the next operation is performed, as shown in fig. 9.
And 8: obtaining a theoretical boundary of a security pillar
The section line at 1490m elevation was cleaned and debugged, the redundant points were removed, the nail angle (angle less than 5 °) was removed, and the trimmed planform curve was used as the initial line to derive the boundaries of each mining level security pillar. The height difference between each production level and the 1490m level was calculated. And according to each calculated height difference value, deducing the trimmed 1490m horizontal section line to each mining level from top to bottom at a rock movement angle of 60 degrees, wherein a curve obtained at each level is the theoretical boundary of the security pillar.
And step 9: obtaining security pillar boundaries
The safety pillar theoretical boundaries are optimized for safety, based on the existing project of the mine and future major project placement plans and geological structures. The optimization specific requirements are as follows: (1) the boundary line segments are formed by folding lines which are horizontal, flat and vertical, and the folding lines are as few as possible; (2) each level of critical engineering and facility priority; (3) the boundary is simple, and the high-grade ore in the security ore pillar range is less, and the actual security ore pillar range of each level of the iron ore is obtained through the processes.
The method combines software, theory and actual engineering, and compared with a method for deducing the boundary of the security pillar in one step directly according to the rock movement angle, the security pillar obtained by the method is smoother and simpler, is more convenient for security pillar retention construction, and is beneficial to recovery of security pillar resources. The invention has the characteristics of safety, economy, applicability and the like.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated. Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for delineating the range of an open pit to an underground security pillar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining a safety collapse zone
Aiming at a protected object, checking corresponding standards and specifications, and determining the position and the length of a safety collapse zone;
step 2, fitting with a ground surface DTM surface
Fitting the safety collapse zone obtained in the step (1) with a surface DTM surface comprising an open pit so that points on the collapse zone fall on the surface DTM surface as far as possible;
and step 3: extracting fitting curves
Extracting a fitting curve on the basis of fitting the safe collapse zone and the ground surface DTM surface;
step 4, downward expansion of the fitted curve
Expanding the fitted curve obtained in the step 3 downwards by a height of 2h according to the rock movement angle theta to obtain a derivation curve; wherein h is the segment height;
step 5, rapidly generating DTM surface
Rapidly generating a DTM surface in 3DMine software based on the derivation curve obtained in the step 4 and the fitting curve obtained in the step 3, numbering the DTM surface as m, and setting the initial value of m as 1;
step 6, forming H 0 Horizontal section line of-mh
Based on elevation H 0 Mh cutting DTM face forming H 0 Horizontal section line of-mh, H 0 The average elevation of the earth surface;
step 7, judging whether the section line penetrates through the DTM surface
If the curve is intersected, combining the section line and the overflow boundary to form a new fitting curve, making m equal to m +1, returning to the step 4, forming a DTM surface by the new fitting curve and a derivation curve of the new fitting curve in the step 5, and sequentially performing other steps; if the section line does not penetrate through the DTM surface, entering the next step;
the overflow boundary is a part on the left side or the right side of the intersection point of the curve with the large horizontal elevation and the curve with the small horizontal elevation after the section line is intersected with the two curves;
step 8, obtaining the theoretical boundary of the security pillar
By deleting redundant point and t-corner pairs H 0 -mh horizontal section lines are trimmed, and each horizontal security pillar theoretical boundary is deduced by using the trimmed plane curves;
and step 9: obtaining security pillar boundaries
And (4) optimizing the boundary of the step (8) according to the actual engineering arrangement, medium and long term mining plan and the principle of simplicity and convenience in construction to obtain a more reasonable boundary of the security pillar.
2. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the length of the arc-shaped curve formed by the safety collapse zone according to the outer contour of the protected object is not less than 5 times of the distance between the safety collapse zone and the protected object.
3. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to an underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: and 2, the range of the surface DTM surface is larger than the range of the ore deposit.
4. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to an underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: at least 90% of the points on the collapsed zone in step 2 fall on the surface DTM surface.
5. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to an underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: and 9, the actual engineering comprises development engineering, mining accurate engineering, mine medium and long term planning and geological structure.
6. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to an underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: the protection objects in the step 1 comprise building structures, roads and other natural protection landscapes.
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