CN115063546A - Method for delineating range of security pillar from open air to underground - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for delineating the range of an open-air to underground security mine pillar, comprising: determining a safety collapse zone; fitting with a surface DTM surface; extracting a fitting curve; quickly generating a DTM surface _; Determine whether the profile line runs through the m DTM surface; obtain the theoretical boundary of the security pillar; obtain the boundary of the security pillar. The application combines software, theory and practical engineering. Compared with directly deriving the boundary of the security pillar according to the rock movement angle in one step, the method obtains the security pillar and the pillar is smoother and simpler, and is more convenient for the construction of the security pillar indwelling. Conducive to the recovery of security pillar resources.

Description

A method for delineating the range of open-air to underground security pillars

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and in particular relates to a method for delineating the range of an open-pit to underground security mine pillar.

Background technique

After the underground ore is mined, the equilibrium state of the original rock stress is destroyed. During the process from the destruction of the old equilibrium to the formation of the new equilibrium, the rock layers move and deform to varying degrees, and the stress is redistributed. For some mines, there are buildings and structures on the surface, so significant uneven settlement is not allowed on the surface. In order to minimize the loss, it is imperative to effectively control the surface subsidence caused by mining.

In order to effectively avoid damage to ground buildings and structures caused by underground mining, it is a relatively reliable method to reserve security pillars. However, this part of the resources cannot be recovered in time. At the same time, if the scope of the security pillar is unreasonable, it will seriously deteriorate the mining technical conditions of the security pillar, which is not conducive to the recovery of the security pillar resources, resulting in the loss of a large number of high-quality mineral resources.

In order to improve the recovery rate of mineral resources, ensure the continuity of production capacity at different levels, prolong the life of the mine, and at the same time ensure the safety of surface buildings and structures, a security mine pillar range that can achieve both economy and safety is critical to the mine's safety. Development is significant.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for delineating the security pillar range from open-pit to underground, so as to solve the problem of delimiting the boundary of the security pillar in underground mining of metal mines, make the boundary more reasonable, and improve the reliability of the delineation of the security pillar range. .

To this end, the method for delineating the scope of an open-air to underground security mine pillar provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

Step 1. Determine the safety collapse zone

For the protection object, check the corresponding standards and specifications to determine the position and length of the safety collapse belt;

Step 2. Fitting with the surface DTM (Digital Ground Model) surface

Fit the safe collapse zone obtained in step 1 with the surface DTM surface including the open pit, so that the points on the collapse zone fall on the surface DTM surface as much as possible;

Step 3: Extract the fitted curve

Based on the fitting of the safe collapse zone and the surface DTM surface, the fitting curve is extracted;

Step 4. Extend the fitting curve downward

The fitting curve obtained in step 3 is extended downward by the height of 2h according to the rock movement angle θ to obtain the derivation curve; wherein, h is the segment height;

Step 5. Quickly generate DTM surface

Based on the derivation curve obtained in step 4 and the fitting curve obtained in step 3 in the 3DMine software, the DTM surface is quickly generated and numbered as m, and the initial value of m is 1;

Step 6. Form H ₀ -mh horizontal section line

Cut the section based on the elevation H ₀ -mh to form the H ₀ -mh horizontal section line, where H ₀ is the average elevation of the surface;

Step 7. Determine whether the section line runs through the m DTM surface

If it has penetrated, combine the section line with the overflow boundary to form a new fitting curve, let m=m+1, and return to step 4, in step 5, combine the new fitting curve and the new fitting curve The derivation curves together form the DTM surface, and the other steps are performed in sequence; if the section line does not penetrate the DTM surface, go to the next step;

Step 8. Obtain the theoretical boundary of the security pillar

The H ₀ -mh horizontal section line is trimmed by deleting redundant points and T-shaped corners, and the theoretical boundary of each level security pillar is deduced by using the trimmed plane curve;

Step 9: Get the security pillar boundary

The boundary of step 8 is optimized according to the actual engineering layout, the medium and long-term mining plan, and the principles of simplicity and ease of construction, so as to obtain a more reasonable security pillar boundary.

Specifically, the arc-shaped curve formed by the safety subsidence belt in step 1 according to the outer contour of the protection object, the length of which is not less than 5 times the distance between the safety subsidence belt and the protection object.

Specifically, the range of the surface DTM surface described in step 2 is larger than the range of the ore deposit.

Specifically, at least 90% of the points on the collapsed zone in step 2 fall on the surface DTM surface.

Specifically, the overflow boundary in step 7 is the part on the left or right of the intersection of the curve with a larger horizontal elevation and the curve with a smaller horizontal elevation after the section line intersects the two curves.

Specifically, the actual engineering in step 9 includes development engineering, mining accuracy engineering, medium and long-term mine planning, and geological structure.

Specifically, the protected objects in step 1 include structures, roads and other natural protected landscapes.

Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention fits the obtained collapse zone with the DTM surface of the surface, fully considers the change of the surface trend and the influence of open-pit mining, and utilizes the 3DMine function. And artificial correction to ensure the reliability of the theoretical boundary of the security pillar, and the optimization of the theoretical boundary based on the layout of the actual project, to obtain the security pillar boundary that is more convenient for construction.

To sum up, the present invention combines software, theory and practical engineering. Compared with directly deriving the boundary of the security pillar according to the rock movement angle in one step, the method is more flat and simple to obtain the security pillar, and is more convenient for the security pillar. Indwelling construction is conducive to the recovery of security pillar resources, and has the characteristics of safety, economy and applicability.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for delineating the scope of the open-air to underground security mine pillar provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a safety collapse zone determined in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the fitting schematic diagram of the safety collapse zone involved in the embodiment of the present invention and the actual DTM surface;

Fig. 4 is the fitting curve diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains;

Fig. 5 is the expansion curve diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of generating No. 1 DTM surface by using the fitting curve and the expansion curve according to the embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of a cut section based on an elevation of 1570 m according to an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of a combination curve involved in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a cut section based on an elevation of 1490 m involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear, Left, Right, Vertical, Horizontal, Top, Bottom, Inner, Outer, Clockwise, Counterclockwise, Axial, The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "radial direction", "circumferential direction", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated devices or elements. It must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

An underground iron ore is a medium-grade, high-sulfur, low-phosphorus vanadium-titanium magnetite, rich in vanadium-titanium resources and extremely valuable for mining. The ore body strikes nearly east-west, dips to the north, and has a dip angle of 50° to 60°. According to the mining technical conditions, the underground iron ore used open-pit mining in the early stage, and the mine has been transferred to the underground mining stage. The two sections of the regional highway are located in the northern part of the ore body and the western part of the ore body, and some structures on the surface are relatively close to the moving range of the mining layer. The scope of its security pillar is determined. The present invention provides a method for delineating the range of open-air to underground security pillars. As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

Step 1: Determine Safe Collapse Zones

The safety subsidence belt is an arc-shaped curve formed according to the outer contour of the protection object, and its length is not less than 5 times the distance between the safety subsidence belt and the protection object, and is representative. In this embodiment, for the highway protection object, according to the highway of the protected section, check the corresponding standards and specifications, and determine that the allowable collapse zone is 20m away from the outer contour of the highway, and the length of the collapse zone is 1311m, as shown in Figure 2.

Step 2: Fitting with the surface DTM surface

The mine is an open pit to underground mine, so there are open pits on the surface. Therefore, the safe collapse zone obtained in step 1 is fitted with the surface DTM surface including the open pit, so that at least 90% of the points on the collapse zone are fitted. Falling on the DTM surface, the extent of the surface DTM surface is larger than that of the deposit, as shown in Figure 3.

Step 3: Extract the fitted curve

On the basis of step 2, the fitting curve is extracted, as shown in Figure 4.

Step 4: The fitted curve is extended downwards. The fitting curve obtained in step 3 is extended downward by a height of 40m according to the rock movement angle of 60°, and the derivation curve is obtained, as shown in Figure 5.

Step 5: Quickly Generate DTM Surfaces

Based on the function of generating DTM surface in 3DMine, the DTM surface is quickly generated by the push curve in step 4 and the fitting curve obtained in step 3, and it is numbered as m (the initial value of m is 1), as shown in Figure 6.

Step 6: Form the 1570m Horizontal Section Line

Based on the elevation of 1570m, the No. 1 DTM face is cut to form a horizontal section line of 1570m, as shown in Figure 7.

Step 7: Determine whether the section line runs through the No. 1 DTM surface

The 1570m horizontal section line has passed through the No. 1 DTM surface, so it is necessary to combine the section line with the overflow boundary to form a new fitting curve (combined line), and use the cleaning and error checking functions for the new fitting curve. The overflow boundary is After the profile intersects with two curves (fitted curve and derived curve), the part on the left (right) side of the intersection of the curve with larger horizontal elevation and the curve with smaller horizontal elevation is shown in Figures 7 and 8.

Return the fit curve after verification to step 4 to start a new cycle. In step 5, a new fitting curve is formed at the 1570m level and the derivation curve formed according to the new fitting curve is used to generate the No. 2 DTM surface. The process is strictly implemented according to the steps and judgment standards. When the 1490m level is reached, a cutting section is formed. When the line is drawn, the section line does not penetrate the corresponding DTM surface, so the next step is entered, as shown in Figure 9.

Step 8: Obtain the theoretical boundary of the security pillar

The profile line with an elevation of 1490m is used for cleaning and error checking, redundant points are deleted, and the nail angle (the angle is less than 5°) is deleted, and the trimmed plane curve is used as the initial line for deriving the boundary of each mining level security pillar. Calculate the height difference between each mining level and the 1490m level. According to each calculated height difference, the trimmed 1490m horizontal section line is deduced to each mining level from top to bottom with a rock movement angle of 60°. At this time, the curve obtained at each level is the theoretical boundary of the security pillar. .

Step 9: Get the security pillar boundary

Under the condition of ensuring safety, the theoretical boundary of the security pillar is optimized according to the existing project of the mine and the main project layout plan and geological structure in the future. The specific requirements for optimization are: (1) Where possible, the boundary line segments should be horizontal, flat and vertical polylines, and the number of polylines should be as few as possible; (2) Important projects and facilities at each level are given priority; (3) The boundaries are simple and According to the principle of less high-grade ore within the scope of the security pillar, the actual security pillar range of each level of the iron ore can be obtained through the above process.

Compared with the method of directly deriving the boundary of the security pillar according to the rock movement angle in one step, the method combines software, theory and practical engineering, and the method obtains the security pillar and the pillar is smoother and simpler, and is more convenient for the retention of the security pillar Construction is conducive to the recovery of security pillar resources. The invention has the characteristics of safety, economy and applicability.

Unless otherwise stated in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, if it discloses a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range, and any person skilled in the art should understand that: the preferred numerical range is only Among the many implementable numerical values, the technical effect is relatively obvious or representative. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, only some numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values shall not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

At the same time, if the above-mentioned invention discloses or involves parts or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, fixed connection can be understood as: detachable fixed connection (for example, using bolts or screws), or It is understood as: non-removable fixed connection (such as riveting, welding), of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integral structure (such as using a casting process to integrally form) (except that it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).

In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present disclosure used to represent positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are similar to, similar to, or close to. Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from a plurality of individual components, or may be a single component manufactured by an integral molding process.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples to clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, changes or modifications in other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description. Neither need nor can all embodiments be exhaustive here. And the obvious changes or changes derived from this are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for delineating the range of an open pit to an underground security pillar is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, determining a safety collapse zone

Aiming at a protected object, checking corresponding standards and specifications, and determining the position and the length of a safety collapse zone;

step 2, fitting with a ground surface DTM surface

Fitting the safety collapse zone obtained in the step (1) with a surface DTM surface comprising an open pit so that points on the collapse zone fall on the surface DTM surface as far as possible;

and step 3: extracting fitting curves

Extracting a fitting curve on the basis of fitting the safe collapse zone and the ground surface DTM surface;

step 4, downward expansion of the fitted curve

Expanding the fitted curve obtained in the step 3 downwards by a height of 2h according to the rock movement angle theta to obtain a derivation curve; wherein h is the segment height;

step 5, rapidly generating DTM surface

Rapidly generating a DTM surface in 3DMine software based on the derivation curve obtained in the step 4 and the fitting curve obtained in the step 3, numbering the DTM surface as m, and setting the initial value of m as 1;

step 6, forming H ₀ Horizontal section line of-mh

Based on elevation H ₀ Mh cutting DTM face forming H ₀ Horizontal section line of-mh, H ₀ The average elevation of the earth surface;

step 7, judging whether the section line penetrates through the DTM surface

If the curve is intersected, combining the section line and the overflow boundary to form a new fitting curve, making m equal to m +1, returning to the step 4, forming a DTM surface by the new fitting curve and a derivation curve of the new fitting curve in the step 5, and sequentially performing other steps; if the section line does not penetrate through the DTM surface, entering the next step;

the overflow boundary is a part on the left side or the right side of the intersection point of the curve with the large horizontal elevation and the curve with the small horizontal elevation after the section line is intersected with the two curves;

step 8, obtaining the theoretical boundary of the security pillar

By deleting redundant point and t-corner pairs H ₀ -mh horizontal section lines are trimmed, and each horizontal security pillar theoretical boundary is deduced by using the trimmed plane curves;

and step 9: obtaining security pillar boundaries

And (4) optimizing the boundary of the step (8) according to the actual engineering arrangement, medium and long term mining plan and the principle of simplicity and convenience in construction to obtain a more reasonable boundary of the security pillar.

2. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the length of the arc-shaped curve formed by the safety collapse zone according to the outer contour of the protected object is not less than 5 times of the distance between the safety collapse zone and the protected object.

3. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to an underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: and 2, the range of the surface DTM surface is larger than the range of the ore deposit.

4. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to an underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: at least 90% of the points on the collapsed zone in step 2 fall on the surface DTM surface.

5. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to an underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: and 9, the actual engineering comprises development engineering, mining accurate engineering, mine medium and long term planning and geological structure.

6. The method for delineating the range of an open-pit to an underground security pillar according to claim 1, wherein: the protection objects in the step 1 comprise building structures, roads and other natural protection landscapes.

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