CN115060298A - Shield tunnel structure monitoring system and method - Google Patents

Shield tunnel structure monitoring system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115060298A
CN115060298A CN202210569796.7A CN202210569796A CN115060298A CN 115060298 A CN115060298 A CN 115060298A CN 202210569796 A CN202210569796 A CN 202210569796A CN 115060298 A CN115060298 A CN 115060298A
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China
Prior art keywords
monitoring
shield tunnel
monitoring module
shield
displacement
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CN202210569796.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王金龙
林作忠
王效文
颜志伟
王华兵
吕延豪
游龙飞
孙雪兵
张海涛
郑凯
高云龙
蔡兴瑞
戴勇
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China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd
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China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210569796.7A priority Critical patent/CN115060298A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
    • G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
    • G01D5/35316—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Bragg gratings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a shield tunnel structure monitoring system which comprises at least one of a settlement monitoring module, a horizontal displacement monitoring module, a regional crack monitoring module and a convergence monitoring module, wherein the settlement monitoring module is used for monitoring the settlement condition of a shield pipe segment ring, the horizontal displacement monitoring module is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement condition of the shield pipe segment ring, the regional crack monitoring module is used for monitoring the cracks among segments of a shield tunnel, and the convergence monitoring module is used for monitoring the clearance diameter convergence condition of the shield pipe segment ring. Correspondingly, a shield tunnel structure monitoring method is also provided. The shield tunnel structure monitoring system and method provided by the invention can monitor the structural condition of the shield tunnel in real time, including at least one of the conditions of segment settlement, horizontal displacement, crack among segments, clearance convergence and the like, can improve the service safety of the shield tunnel, and are convenient for maintenance of the shield tunnel by a service department.

Description

Shield tunnel structure monitoring system and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel safety, and particularly relates to a shield tunnel structure monitoring system and a shield tunnel structure monitoring method based on the shield tunnel structure monitoring system.
Background
At present, in the operation process of a shield tunnel, most of the shield tunnels only monitor the longitudinal settlement of the tunnel, and the comprehensive monitoring of the structure of the shield tunnel is lacked, so that the safety condition of the structure of the shield tunnel is difficult to master timely and comprehensively; and often monitoring, early warning and disposal are separated, the monitored risk source cannot be accurately fed back on site in time, and a disposal linkage mechanism is not sound. In addition, the longitudinal settlement monitoring of the shield tunnel mostly adopts a precise level gauge and manual monitoring of a total station or unmanned automatic measurement of a static leveling system, common monitoring sensors are mainly resistance type, steel string type and inductance type point sensors, the sensors of the type generally have the defects of difficult arrangement, poor anti-interference capability, poor corrosion resistance, easy damage, easy data distortion and the like, and the requirements of modern subway tunnel construction monitoring cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a shield tunnel structure monitoring system and a shield tunnel structure monitoring method based on the shield tunnel structure monitoring system, which can at least solve part of defects in the prior art.
The invention relates to a shield tunnel structure monitoring system which comprises at least one of a settlement monitoring module, a horizontal displacement monitoring module, a regional crack monitoring module and a convergence monitoring module, wherein the settlement monitoring module is used for monitoring the settlement condition of a shield pipe segment ring, the horizontal displacement monitoring module is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement condition of the shield pipe segment ring, the regional crack monitoring module is used for monitoring the cracks among segments of a shield tunnel, and the convergence monitoring module is used for monitoring the clearance diameter convergence condition of the shield pipe segment ring.
As one embodiment, the sedimentation monitoring module and/or the horizontal displacement monitoring module adopts a displacement monitoring module, the displacement monitoring module comprises two displacement monitoring optical cables, and the displacement monitoring optical cables are fiber grating array strain cables integrated with a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors; the displacement monitoring optical cables are laid along the pipe wall of the shield tunnel, the two displacement monitoring optical cables are distributed in a wave shape in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the wave shapes of the two displacement monitoring optical cables are opposite in phase.
As one embodiment, the wave crests and the wave troughs of each displacement monitoring optical cable are sequentially distributed on each tube sheet ring of the shield tunnel along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and are fixedly connected with the tube wall of the shield tunnel through fixing devices respectively.
In one embodiment, the displacement monitoring cables are distributed in a sawtooth waveform.
In one embodiment, the regional crack monitoring module comprises at least one crack monitoring optical cable, wherein the crack monitoring optical cable is a fiber grating array strain cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors; the crack monitoring optical cable is arranged on the pipe wall of the shield tunnel along the longitudinal straight line of the tunnel.
As one embodiment, the convergence monitoring module comprises at least one convergence monitoring optical cable, wherein the convergence monitoring optical cable is a fiber grating array strain cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors; the convergence monitoring optical cables are annularly arranged on the pipe wall of the shield tunnel along the circumferential direction of the tunnel.
As one embodiment, each monitoring module uses a fiber grating array optical cable for monitoring, each fiber grating array optical cable is connected with a fiber grating data demodulator, and the fiber grating data demodulator is used for receiving strain information sent by each fiber grating array optical cable, demodulating the strain information into a demodulation signal, and sending the demodulation signal to the background processor.
As one embodiment, the shield tunnel structure monitoring system further comprises a program-controlled alarm terminal, and the program-controlled alarm terminal is connected with the background processor through a cable or wirelessly connected with the background processor through a wireless transmission module.
The invention also relates to a shield tunnel structure monitoring method based on the shield tunnel structure monitoring system, which comprises the following steps,
the shield tunnel structure monitoring system is used for monitoring the structure condition of the shield tunnel in real time, and specifically comprises at least one of the following monitoring means: the settlement monitoring module is used for monitoring the settlement condition of the shield pipe segment ring in real time, the horizontal displacement monitoring module is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement condition of the shield pipe segment ring in real time, the regional crack monitoring module is used for monitoring the cracks among the pipe segments of the shield tunnel in real time, and the convergence monitoring module is used for monitoring the diameter clearance convergence condition of the shield pipe segment ring in real time;
feeding back the monitoring condition to the background processor; and the background processor analyzes and judges the structural health condition of the shield tunnel so as to guide a work department to timely detect and maintain the shield tunnel.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the shield tunnel structure monitoring system and method provided by the invention can monitor the structural condition of the shield tunnel in real time, including at least one of the conditions of segment settlement, horizontal displacement, crack among segments, clearance convergence and the like, can improve the service safety of the shield tunnel, and are convenient for maintenance of the shield tunnel by a service department.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic layout diagram of a shield tunnel structure monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a control schematic diagram of a shield tunnel structure monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic layout diagram of a displacement monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 4-7 are schematic diagrams of several monitoring states of the displacement monitoring module;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shield tunnel structure monitoring system, which includes at least one of a settlement monitoring module 2, a horizontal displacement monitoring module 3, a regional crack monitoring module 5, and a convergence monitoring module 4, where the settlement monitoring module 2 is configured to monitor a settlement condition of a shield segment ring 11, the horizontal displacement monitoring module 3 is configured to monitor a horizontal displacement condition of the shield segment ring 11, the regional crack monitoring module 5 is configured to monitor a crack between segments of a shield tunnel 1, and the convergence monitoring module 4 is configured to monitor a diameter clearance convergence condition of the shield segment ring 11.
Correspondingly, the present embodiment further provides a shield tunnel structure monitoring method based on the shield tunnel structure monitoring system, including:
the shield tunnel structure monitoring system is used for monitoring the structural condition of the shield tunnel 1 in real time, and specifically comprises at least one of the following monitoring means: the settlement monitoring module 2 is used for monitoring the settlement condition of the shield pipe segment ring 11 in real time, the horizontal displacement monitoring module 3 is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement condition of the shield pipe segment ring 11 in real time, the regional crack monitoring module 5 is used for monitoring the cracks among the pipe segments of the shield tunnel 1 in real time, and the convergence monitoring module 4 is used for monitoring the diameter clearance convergence condition of the shield pipe segment ring 11 in real time;
feeding back the monitoring condition to the background processor 62; the background processor 62 analyzes and judges the structural health condition of the shield tunnel 1 to guide the engineering department to perform detection and maintenance on the shield tunnel 1 in time.
The shield tunnel structure monitoring system and method provided by the embodiment can monitor the structural condition of the shield tunnel 1 in real time, including at least one of the conditions of segment settlement, horizontal displacement, inter-segment cracks, clearance convergence and the like, can improve the service safety of the shield tunnel 1, and is convenient for maintenance of the shield tunnel 1 by a service department.
Preferably, the settlement monitoring module 2, the horizontal displacement monitoring module 3, the regional crack monitoring module 5 and the convergence monitoring module 4 are configured at the same time, so that the comprehensiveness of the health monitoring of the shield tunnel structure is ensured.
Furthermore, each monitoring module adopts a fiber grating array optical cable for monitoring, each fiber grating array optical cable is connected with a fiber grating data demodulator 61, and the fiber grating data demodulator 61 is used for receiving strain information sent by each fiber grating array optical cable, demodulating the strain information into a demodulation signal and sending the demodulation signal to the background processor 62. The signal transmission lines of the fiber grating sensors 2011 of the fiber grating array optical cable are uniform and have high consistency, and the accuracy of a monitoring result can be improved. Preferably, the settlement monitoring module 2, the horizontal displacement monitoring module 3, the regional crack monitoring module 5 and the convergence monitoring module 4 all adopt fiber grating array strain cables.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the shield tunnel structure monitoring system further includes a program-controlled alarm terminal 64, and the program-controlled alarm terminal 64 may be connected to the background processor 62 through a cable or wirelessly connected to the background processor 62 through a wireless transmission module 63. After analyzing and processing the demodulated signal, the background processor 62 determines whether to send an alarm command to the program-controlled alarm terminal 64; the program-controlled alarm terminal 64 is used for giving an alarm after receiving the alarm instruction information sent by the background processor 62, and can be provided with alarm devices such as an audible and visual alarm and the like.
Therefore, the shield tunnel structure monitoring system provided by the embodiment can realize monitoring and early warning on the safety of the shield tunnel structure, is convenient for accurately feeding back the monitored risk information in time, and is convenient for handling implementation of a linkage mechanism.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention further optimizes the embodiment.
The sedimentation monitoring module 2 and/or the horizontal displacement monitoring module 2003 employs a displacement monitoring module 200.
As shown in fig. 3, the displacement monitoring module 200 includes two displacement monitoring optical cables 201, where the displacement monitoring optical cables 201 are fiber grating array strain cables integrated with a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors 2011; the displacement monitoring optical cables 201 are laid along the pipe wall of the shield tunnel 1, the two displacement monitoring optical cables 201 are distributed in a wave shape in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the wave shapes of the two displacement monitoring optical cables 201 are opposite in phase.
When the displacement monitoring module 200 is used for monitoring the settlement condition of the shield tunnel 1, the displacement monitoring module 200 can be arranged at the waist of the tunnel; when the displacement monitoring module 200 is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement condition of the shield tunnel 1, the displacement monitoring module 200 may be disposed at the top and/or the bottom of the shield tunnel 1.
The fiber grating array strain cable is a cable with a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors 2011 integrated in a single optical cable, is an existing product, and has the characteristics of wide monitoring coverage range (covering more than 10km as required), high measurement precision, small sensing unit spacing (the minimum spacing can be 1cm), and the like. By adopting the fiber grating array strain cable, the full-line continuous monitoring of the shield tunnel 1 can be realized, and the signal transmission lines of the fiber grating strain sensors 2011 are uniform and have high consistency, so that the accuracy of the monitoring result can be improved.
For the monitoring system, a fiber grating data demodulator 61 is generally configured, and is configured to receive the strain information sent by the displacement monitoring optical cable 201, demodulate the strain information into a demodulation signal, and send the demodulation signal to the background processor 62. The fiber grating data demodulator 61 is also an existing device; which may be in electrical or communication with the background processor 62, as is conventional.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the wave crests and the wave troughs of each displacement monitoring optical cable 201 are sequentially distributed on each segment ring 11 of the shield tunnel 1 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the wave crests and the wave troughs of the displacement monitoring optical cables 201 are respectively and fixedly connected with the tube wall of the shield tunnel 1 through the fixing devices 7. The fixing device 7 capable of fixing the optical cable on the shield segment is suitable for the embodiment, for example, the fixing device 7 adopts a wire buckle, a wire clamp and the like, which are not exemplified here. Further preferably, in each displacement monitoring optical cable 201, a cable segment between two adjacent fixing devices 7 is not fixedly connected with the tunnel tube wall, but is in a straightened state, and accordingly, the displacement monitoring optical cables 201 are distributed in a sawtooth waveform; in the design, the cable segment between two adjacent fixing devices 7 can quickly and accurately respond to the position change of the pipe sheet ring 11; at least one fiber grating strain sensor 2011 is included in the cable segment between two adjacent fixtures 7.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, in the displacement monitoring module 200, a peak of one of the displacement monitoring optical cables 201 is fixed with a valley of the other displacement monitoring optical cable 201 by the same fixing device 7. In this structure, it is convenient to lay two displacement monitoring optical cables 201, and more importantly, two displacement monitoring optical cables 201 in the same displacement monitoring module 200 are laid adjacently, and the strain response range and the response speed of the two are close, so that the accuracy of displacement monitoring at the corresponding position can be improved.
Preferably, each displacement monitoring optical cable 201 is laid on the inner side pipe wall of the shield tunnel 1, so that the displacement monitoring optical cables 201 can be conveniently laid and maintained, and the influence of external soil bodies and the like when the displacement monitoring optical cables are installed on the outer wall of the tunnel can be avoided.
Further, the embodiment of the present invention further optimizes the shield tunnel structure monitoring method, which includes:
strain information is collected in real time through the displacement monitoring optical cable 201, the strain information sent by the displacement monitoring optical cable 201 is received through the fiber bragg grating data demodulator 61, demodulated into a demodulation signal and sent to the background processor 62;
the background processor 62 analyzes and judges the structural health condition of the shield tunnel 1 according to the demodulated signal, so as to guide the engineering department to perform detection and maintenance on the shield tunnel 1 in time.
Further preferably, the pipe piece rings 11 are sequentially numbered along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, for example, the pipe piece rings 11 are sequentially numbered as a ring 1, a ring 2 and a ring 2 from one end of the shield tunnel 1 to the other end; in the two displacement monitoring optical cables 201 of each set of displacement monitoring modules 200, one displacement monitoring optical cable 201 is defined as a first displacement monitoring optical cable 201, the other displacement monitoring optical cable 201 is defined as a second displacement monitoring optical cable 201, a peak of the first displacement monitoring optical cable 201 and a valley of the second displacement monitoring optical cable 201 are far away from each other, and the valley of the first displacement monitoring optical cable 201 and the peak of the second displacement monitoring optical cable 201 are close to each other (for example, the two displacement monitoring optical cables share one fixing device 7); and (3) taking the tube sheet ring 11 where each wave peak of the first displacement monitoring optical cable 201 is located as a monitoring reference to judge the structural health condition of the shield tunnel 1.
Further, the method specifically comprises:
the strain monitoring values of two adjacent sides of the wave crest of the first displacement monitoring optical cable 201 are respectively collected to be epsilon n-a And ε n-b The strain monitoring values of the two adjacent sides of the wave trough of the second displacement monitoring optical cable 201 are respectively epsilon n-c And ε n-d Where n is the first displacement monitoring cable 201The number of the pipe piece ring 11 where the wave crest is located;
when ε is shown in FIG. 4 n-a And ε n-b Increase of epsilon n-c And epsilon n-d When the displacement is reduced, judging that the n number of segment rings 11 generate positive displacement, wherein the positive displacement is the wave crest projection direction of the first displacement monitoring optical cable 201; otherwise, judging that the n number segment ring 11 has negative displacement; wherein, in general,. epsilon n-a And ε n-b Is increased by the same value of epsilon n-c And ε n-d The same reduction value of (d); the displacement of the n-numbered segment ring 11 is k 1 Δε n-a ，k 1 Is a calibration coefficient.
When ε is shown in FIG. 5 n-b And ε (n+2)-a Decrease of epsilon n-d And ε (n+2)-c When the size of the pipe piece ring is increased, the n +1 pipe piece ring 11 is judged to generate positive displacement; otherwise, judging that the n +1 number segment ring 11 has negative displacement; wherein, in general,. epsilon n-b And ε (n+2)-a Is the same as the reduction value of epsilon n-d And ε (n+2)-c The added value of (A) is the same; the displacement of the n-numbered segment ring 11 is k 2 Δε n-d ，k 2 Is a calibration coefficient.
When ε is shown in FIG. 6 n-a And ε (n+2)-c Increase of epsilon n-c And ε (n+2)-a When the number n and the number n +1 segment rings 11 are reduced, judging that the segment rings are positively displaced; otherwise, the two are judged to generate negative displacement. Wherein, when n number of pipe sheet rings 11 and n +1 number of pipe sheet rings 11 synchronously displace, epsilon n-b And ε n-d Invariable, epsilon n-a And epsilon (n+2)-c Is increased by the same value of epsilon n-c And ε (n+2)-a The same reduction value of (c); the displacement of the n-numbered segment ring 11 is k 3 Δε n-a ，k 3 Is a calibration coefficient. When the displacement amounts of the n number of segment rings 11 and the n +1 number of segment rings 11 are different, epsilon n-a And ε (n+2)-c Will have a difference of increasing value of epsilon n-c And ε (n+2)-a There will also be a difference in the decrease of (c) (-) n-b There will be a certain degree of increase and decrease (whether the n-number segment ring 11 is positively or negatively displaced) but the increase range is less than epsilon n-a Reduced by an amplitude of less than epsilon n-c ，ε n-d Has a certain degree of increase and decrease but small increase rangeIn epsilon n-a Reduced by less than epsilon n-c (ii) a On the basis of this, by epsilon n-a～ ε n-d 、ε (n+2)-a 、ε (n+2)-c The increase and decrease of the number n of segment rings 11 and the number n +1 of segment rings 11 can accurately judge the difference in the displacement amount between the n number of segment rings 11 and the n +1 number of segment rings 11.
Similarly, when ε n-b And ε (n-2)-d Increase of epsilon n-d And epsilon (n-2)-b When the number n and the number n-1 segment rings 11 are reduced, judging that the positive displacement occurs; otherwise, the two are judged to generate negative displacement. Wherein when n number of segment rings 11 and n-1 number of segment rings 11 synchronously displace, epsilon n-a And ε n-c Invariable, epsilon n-b And epsilon (n-2)-d Is increased by the same value of epsilon n-d And ε (n-2)-b The same reduction value of (d); when the displacement amounts of the n-number segment ring 11 and the n-1-number segment ring 11 are different, epsilon n-b And ε (n-2)-d Will have a difference of increasing value of epsilon n-d And ε (n-2)-b There will also be a difference in the decrease of (c) (-) n-a There will be a certain degree of increase and decrease (whether the n-number segment ring 11 is positively or negatively displaced) but the increase range is less than epsilon n-b Reduced by less than epsilon n-d ，ε n-c There will be some increase or decrease but the increase is less than epsilon n-b Reduced by an amplitude of less than epsilon n-d (ii) a On the basis of this, by epsilon n-a～ ε n-d 、ε (n-2)-b 、ε (n-2)-d The increase and decrease conditions can accurately judge the difference in the displacement amount between the n-number segment ring 11 and the n-1-number segment ring 11.
When ε is shown in FIG. 7 n-a 、ε n-b And ε (n+2)-a Are all increased and epsilon n-b Has the largest added value of and n-c and ε (n+2)-c When the number n of segment rings 11 and the number n +1 of segment rings 11 are reduced, judging that the n number of segment rings 11 and the n +1 of segment rings 11 are displaced in a staggered mode, wherein the n number of segment rings 11 are displaced in a positive direction, and the n +1 of segment rings 11 are displaced in a negative direction; otherwise, the n number of segment rings 11 and the n +1 number of segment rings 11 are judged to be displaced in a staggered manner, wherein the n number of segment rings 11 are displaced in a negative direction, and the n +1 number of segment rings 11 are displaced in a positive direction. Wherein, the displacement of the n number tube sheet ring 11 is k 4 ε n-b ，k 4 Is a calibration coefficient.ε n-d Various changes may occur, for example, when n number of segment rings 11 are displaced before n +1 number of segment rings 11/n number of segment rings 11 are displaced after n +1 number of segment rings 11, epsilon n-d Generally, the displacement tends to decrease first and then increase, when the n number tube sheet ring 11 and the n +1 number tube sheet ring 11 synchronously displace, epsilon n-d Generally, the strain will tend to decrease, and in addition, when the displacement speeds of the n-number tube sheet ring 11 and the n + 1-number tube sheet ring 11 are different, another strain change situation will also appear, so that on the basis of the strain change situation, the strain change situation is shown by epsilon n-a～ ε n-d 、ε (n+2)-a 、ε (n+2)-c The increase and decrease conditions can accurately judge the difference in the displacement amount between the n-number segment ring 11 and the n-1-number segment ring 11.
Similarly, when ε n-a 、ε n-b And ε (n-2)-b Are all increased and epsilon n-a Has the largest added value of and n-d and ε (n-2)-d When the number n of the segment rings 11 is reduced, the n number of the segment rings 11 and the n-1 number of the segment rings 11 are judged to be displaced in a dislocation manner, wherein the n number of the segment rings 11 are displaced in a positive direction, and the n-1 number of the segment rings 11 are displaced in a negative direction; otherwise, the n-number segment ring 11 and the n-1-number segment ring 11 are judged to be displaced in a staggered manner, wherein the n-number segment ring 11 is displaced in a negative direction, and the n-1-number segment ring 11 is displaced in a positive direction. Wherein epsilon n-c Many variations may be present and are not specifically analyzed here.
Therefore, in the embodiment, reliable monitoring of the displacement of a single tube sheet ring 11, the displacement of a plurality of tube sheet rings 11, the dislocation displacement of adjacent tube sheet rings 11 and the like can be realized, the algorithm can calculate the data monitored by the displacement monitoring optical cable 201 and finally invert the multidirectional displacement condition of the shield tunnel 1, and the method has the remarkable advantages of strong applicability, simplicity and convenience in operation and the like.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment of the present invention further optimizes the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
The regional crack monitoring module 5 comprises at least one crack monitoring optical cable, wherein the crack monitoring optical cable is a fiber grating array strain cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors; the crack monitoring optical cable is arranged on the pipe wall of the shield tunnel 1 along the longitudinal straight line of the tunnel. When a plurality of crack monitoring optical cables are provided, preferably, the crack monitoring optical cables are sequentially arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunnel.
The crack monitoring optical cable can be arranged only in a key area, and can also be continuously arranged along the whole length of the shield tunnel 1. The crack monitoring optical cable is preferably arranged on the inner side pipe wall of the shield tunnel 1, so that the crack monitoring optical cable is convenient to arrange and maintain, and the crack monitoring optical cable can be prevented from being easily influenced by external soil bodies and the like when being arranged on the outer wall of the tunnel. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the crack monitoring optical cable is fixedly connected with the pipe wall of the shield tunnel 1 through a plurality of optical cable installation units; the optical cable installation units capable of fixing the optical cable on the shield segment are all suitable for the embodiment, for example, the optical cable installation units adopt wire buckles, wire clamps and the like, which are not exemplified here; each optical cable installation unit is preferably distributed on each shield pipe sheet ring 11 in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and further preferably, in each crack monitoring optical cable, a cable section between two adjacent optical cable installation units is not fixedly connected with the wall of the tunnel but is in a stretched state, so that the crack generation condition of the pipe sheet ring 11 can be rapidly and accurately sensed; in this design, at least one fiber grating strain sensor is included in the cable section between two adjacent cable mounting units.
In one embodiment, the convergence monitoring module 4 comprises at least one convergence monitoring optical cable, which is a fiber grating array strain cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors; the convergence monitoring optical cables are annularly arranged on the pipe wall of the shield tunnel 1 along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. When a plurality of convergence monitoring optical cables are provided, the convergence monitoring optical cables are preferably arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
The convergence monitoring optical cable is preferably arranged on the inner side pipe wall of the shield tunnel 1, so that the convergence monitoring optical cable is convenient to arrange and maintain, and the convergence monitoring optical cable can be prevented from being easily influenced by external soil bodies and the like when being arranged on the outer wall of the tunnel. The convergence monitoring optical cable is suitable to be attached to the wall of the tunnel, and can be bonded to the wall of the tunnel or fixedly mounted in other ways, or a monitoring groove is formed in the wall of the tunnel, and the convergence monitoring optical cable is embedded in the monitoring groove and then is solidified by concrete.
Example four
The present embodiment provides an internal fixation type fiber grating protection device, which can be used in the above embodiments for arranging the monitoring cable on the tunnel wall, for example, as the fixation device 7 therein.
As shown in fig. 8, the protection device includes a protection housing, the protection housing is provided with a fiber grating inlet and a fiber grating outlet, the protection housing is provided with a protection beam 73, the protection beam 73 is a ring beam adapted to enclose a sensor 2011 in the fiber grating 201, and the beam is provided with a fiber grating through hole and a fiber grating through hole.
In one embodiment, the protective housing includes a bottom plate 71 and a cover plate 72, the protective beam 73 is installed on the bottom plate 71, the cover plate 72 is detachably covered on the bottom plate 71, and the fiber grating 201 to be protected can be enclosed in a housing cavity formed by the cover plate 72 and the bottom plate 71, so that the protective effect is good. Optionally, the fiber grating inlet and the fiber grating outlet are both disposed on the bottom plate 71.
For the detachable connection between the bottom plate 71 and the cover plate 72, a screw fastener such as a screw can be used for connection; of course, a snap connection or the like is also feasible.
Preferably, the bottom plate 71 is provided with a mounting portion for mounting to a monitoring site, and the mounting portion may be a mounting hole or the like.
When the fiber grating protection device is used, the fiber grating 201 sequentially penetrates through the fiber grating inlet, the fiber grating penetrating hole and the fiber grating outlet, preferably, the fiber grating inlet, the fiber grating outlet, the fiber grating penetrating hole and the fiber grating penetrating hole are coaxially arranged, so that the fiber grating 201 can straightly penetrate through the protection device, and the accuracy and the reliability of a monitoring result are guaranteed.
In one embodiment, the protection beam 73 is an elastic beam body, when the protection beam 73 is deformed under strong tension, the protection beam 73 is firstly stressed, and the elastic beam body can better play a role in energy dissipation and vibration reduction and has a better protection effect on the fiber bragg grating 201.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the guard beam 73 is a diamond beam. The diamond beam has high structural stability and more reliable stress performance, and can further improve the protection effect on the fiber bragg grating 201. Furthermore, the fiber bragg grating penetration hole and the fiber bragg grating penetration hole are oppositely arranged on two corners of the diamond-shaped beam.
Further optimizing the protection device, as shown in fig. 8, a spring sleeve 75 is coaxially connected at the entrance of the fiber grating. The spring sleeve 75 is used for being connected with an external structure, so that the vibration damping and buffering effects can be better achieved, and the protection effect of the protection shell is improved; moreover, the fiber grating 201 penetrates into the protective casing from the spring sleeve 75, so that the protection of the fiber grating 201 can be further enhanced. Preferably, the spring bushing 75 includes a bushing body and a spring accommodated in the bushing body, the bushing body can restrain and protect the spring, and the bushing body can be made of a material such as a metal hose or a rubber tube. The connection between the spring sleeve 75 and the protective casing includes, but is not limited to, screw connection, bolt fastening, interference fit connection, welding, etc.
Further optimizing the protection device, as shown in fig. 8, the armor tube 16 is arranged at the outlet of the fiber bragg grating, so that the protection of the fiber bragg grating 201 can be enhanced, and the fiber fusion can be performed according to different monitored objects, thereby achieving the purpose of monitoring various physical quantities required by real-time measurement engineering.
Preferably, the guard beam 73 is detachably mounted in the protective housing for easy installation and maintenance. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the guard beam 73 is mounted on a mounting plate 74, and the mounting plate 74 is detachably fixed in the protective housing, for example, by fixing pins to connect the mounting plate 74 and the protective housing. With the above configuration, the guard beam 73 is configured as a cantilever beam, and the guard beam 73 is not directly connected to the protective housing, so that the transmission path of the force can be further extended, and the influence of deformation, load, vibration, and the like on the fiber grating 201 can be reduced. In another embodiment, the guard beam 73 may be fixed to the bottom plate 71 by engaging the mounting baffle 74 with a limiting structure, such as a plurality of limiting pins.
The protection device provided by the embodiment can protect the fiber grating 201 in a fully-enclosed and internally-fixed manner, effectively ensure the protection effect on the fiber grating 201, keep the state of the fiber grating 201 stable, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring result. The protection device is simple in structure and convenient to install, and can better meet the engineering installation requirements.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a shield tunnel structure monitoring system which characterized in that: at least one of settlement monitoring module, horizontal displacement monitoring module, regional crack monitoring module and convergence monitoring module, wherein, settlement monitoring module is used for monitoring the settlement condition of shield pipe piece ring, horizontal displacement monitoring module is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement condition of shield pipe piece ring, regional crack monitoring module is used for monitoring the crack between the section of jurisdiction of shield tunnel, convergence monitoring module is used for monitoring the diameter headroom convergence condition of shield pipe piece ring.
2. The shield tunnel structure monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the settlement monitoring module and/or the horizontal displacement monitoring module adopts a displacement monitoring module, the displacement monitoring module comprises two displacement monitoring optical cables, and the displacement monitoring optical cables are fiber bragg grating array strain cables integrated with a plurality of fiber bragg grating strain sensors; the displacement monitoring optical cables are laid along the pipe wall of the shield tunnel, the two displacement monitoring optical cables are distributed in a wave shape in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the wave shapes of the two displacement monitoring optical cables are opposite in phase.
3. The shield tunnel structure monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: the wave crests and the wave troughs of each displacement monitoring optical cable are sequentially distributed on each tube sheet ring of the shield tunnel along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and are fixedly connected with the tube wall of the shield tunnel through fixing devices respectively.
4. The shield tunnel structure monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the displacement monitoring optical cable is distributed in a sawtooth waveform mode.
5. The shield tunnel structure monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the regional crack monitoring module comprises at least one crack monitoring optical cable, and the crack monitoring optical cable is a fiber grating array strain cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors; the crack monitoring optical cable is arranged on the pipe wall of the shield tunnel along the longitudinal straight line of the tunnel.
6. The shield tunnel structure monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the convergence monitoring module comprises at least one convergence monitoring optical cable, and the convergence monitoring optical cable is a fiber grating array strain cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating strain sensors; the convergence monitoring optical cables are annularly arranged on the pipe wall of the shield tunnel along the circumferential direction of the tunnel.
7. The shield tunnel structure monitoring system of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: each monitoring module adopts a fiber grating array optical cable for monitoring, each fiber grating array optical cable is connected with a fiber grating data demodulator, and the fiber grating data demodulator is used for receiving strain information sent by each fiber grating array optical cable, demodulating the strain information into a demodulation signal and sending the demodulation signal to a background processor.
8. The shield tunnel structure monitoring system of claim 7, wherein: the program-controlled alarm terminal is connected with the background processor through a cable or wirelessly connected with the background processor through a wireless transmission module.
9. The shield tunnel structure monitoring method of the shield tunnel structure monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising,
the shield tunnel structure monitoring system is used for monitoring the structural condition of the shield tunnel in real time, and specifically comprises at least one of the following monitoring means: the settlement monitoring module is used for monitoring the settlement condition of the shield pipe segment ring in real time, the horizontal displacement monitoring module is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement condition of the shield pipe segment ring in real time, the regional crack monitoring module is used for monitoring the cracks among the pipe segments of the shield tunnel in real time, and the convergence monitoring module is used for monitoring the diameter clearance convergence condition of the shield pipe segment ring in real time;
feeding back the monitoring condition to the background processor; and the background processor analyzes and judges the structural health condition of the shield tunnel so as to guide a work department to timely detect and maintain the shield tunnel.
CN202210569796.7A 2022-05-24 2022-05-24 Shield tunnel structure monitoring system and method Pending CN115060298A (en)

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CN202210569796.7A CN115060298A (en) 2022-05-24 2022-05-24 Shield tunnel structure monitoring system and method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115406372A (en) * 2022-11-01 2022-11-29 高勘(广州)技术有限公司 Shield tunnel monitoring method, device and system and storage medium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115406372A (en) * 2022-11-01 2022-11-29 高勘(广州)技术有限公司 Shield tunnel monitoring method, device and system and storage medium
CN115406372B (en) * 2022-11-01 2022-12-30 高勘(广州)技术有限公司 Shield tunnel monitoring method, device and system and storage medium

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