CN115059552A - Engine heat energy recovery system and heat energy recovery power generation method - Google Patents
Engine heat energy recovery system and heat energy recovery power generation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115059552A CN115059552A CN202210602411.2A CN202210602411A CN115059552A CN 115059552 A CN115059552 A CN 115059552A CN 202210602411 A CN202210602411 A CN 202210602411A CN 115059552 A CN115059552 A CN 115059552A
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- heat
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- working medium
- evaporator
- generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an engine heat energy recovery system and a heat energy recovery power generation method, comprising an engine, a heat exchanger, an evaporator, a generator and a condenser; the engine is connected with the heat exchanger through a first pipeline, so that cooling liquid in the engine enters the heat exchanger for heat exchange; the heat exchanger is connected with the evaporator through a second pipeline, so that the heat of the cooling liquid after heat exchange is transferred to the working medium in the evaporator; the evaporator is connected with the generator through a third pipeline, so that the heat-absorbing gasified working medium enters the generator to generate electricity; the generator is connected with the condenser through a fourth pipeline, so that the working medium flowing out of the generator is liquefied; the condenser is connected with the evaporator through a fifth pipeline, so that the liquefied working medium flows into the evaporator. The engine heat energy recovery system is simple in structure and convenient to arrange. The heat of the cooling liquid in the generator is effectively utilized, the heat is utilized for power generation, and oil consumption and power generation are reduced. The power generation process utilizes the Rankine cycle principle, and the power generation efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle engines, in particular to an engine heat energy recovery system and a heat energy recovery power generation method.
Background
For a traditional power assembly, under the working condition of the whole WLTC oil consumption test cycle, about 30% of energy of an engine can be effectively converted into mechanical work, and the rest 60% -70% of energy is dissipated in a heat dissipation or exhaust mode, so that the heat recovery and utilization potential benefits are huge.
Under the great trend of energy conservation, manufacturers begin to research and develop various hybrid electric vehicle types, and in order to comply with the trend, the waste heat recovery technology of the engine also begins to be researched. Although the existing vehicle type can recycle heat energy, the utilization effect is not obvious, and the structure is complex.
In view of the above, improvements are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide an engine heat energy recovery system with high heat energy recovery rate and a heat energy recovery power generation method.
The technical scheme of the invention provides an engine heat energy recovery system, which comprises an engine, a heat exchanger, an evaporator, a generator and a condenser, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged in the engine; the engine is connected with the heat exchanger through a first pipeline, so that cooling liquid in the engine enters the heat exchanger for heat exchange; the heat exchanger is connected with the evaporator through a second pipeline, so that the heat of the cooling liquid after heat exchange is transferred to the working medium in the evaporator; the evaporator is connected with the generator through a third pipeline, so that the heat-absorbing gasified working medium enters the generator to generate electricity; the generator is connected with the condenser through a fourth pipeline, so that the working medium flowing out of the generator is liquefied; the condenser is connected with the evaporator through a fifth pipeline, so that the liquefied working medium flows into the evaporator.
Further, the evaporator is connected with the engine through a sixth pipeline, so that the heat-exchanged coolant flows back to the engine.
Further, a cooling liquid water pump is connected to the second pipeline.
Further, a fan heater is arranged on the fourth pipeline.
Furthermore, a working medium pump is arranged on the fifth pipeline.
Further, the air conditioner also comprises a supercharger and a intercooler; the engine is connected with the supercharger through a seventh pipeline, the supercharger is connected with the heat exchanger through an eighth pipeline and connected with the intercooler through a ninth pipeline, and the intercooler is connected with the engine through a tenth pipeline.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a heat energy recovery power generation method, which comprises the following steps of adopting any one of the engine heat energy recovery systems to generate power:
s01: the coolant in the engine flows into the heat exchanger;
s02: the cooling liquid exchanges heat in a heat exchanger, and the temperature is gradually heated to 100 ℃;
s03: the heated cooling liquid flows into the heat exchanger;
s04: the working medium in the heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the cooling liquid and is converted into a gasification state;
s05: the gasified working medium enters a generator to enable the generator to operate and generate electricity;
s06: after power generation, the air pressure and temperature of the working medium are reduced, and the working medium flows into a condenser;
s07: the working medium entering the condenser is cooled, converted into a liquefied state and then flows into the evaporator.
Further, step S04 includes S041: the cooling liquid after heat exchange with the working medium is conveyed into the engine by a cooling liquid water pump.
Further, step 06 further includes that, S061: the working medium flows out of the generator and then enters the air heater to dissipate heat, so that air is heated to provide warm air.
Further, step S07 includes S071: the liquefied working medium flows into the evaporator through the working medium pump.
The invention provides an engine heat energy recovery system and a heat energy recovery power generation method. The engine heat energy recovery system is simple in structure and convenient to arrange. The heat of the cooling liquid in the generator is effectively utilized, the heat is utilized for power generation, and oil consumption and power generation are reduced. The power generation process utilizes the Rankine cycle principle, and the power generation efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an engine heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an engine, supercharger and intercooler in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heat energy recovery power generation method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an engine thermal energy recovery system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an engine 101, a heat exchanger 102, an evaporator 103, a generator 104, and a condenser 105.
The engine 101 is connected with the heat exchanger 102 through a first pipeline 106, so that the cooling liquid in the engine 101 enters the heat exchanger 102 for heat exchange.
The heat exchanger 102 is connected to the evaporator 103 via a second pipeline 107, so that heat of the heat-exchanged cooling fluid is transferred to the working medium in the evaporator 103.
The evaporator 103 is connected to the generator 104 through a third pipe 108, and the heat-absorbing gasified medium is introduced into the generator 104 to generate power.
The generator 104 is connected to the condenser 105 via a fourth line 109, so that the working medium flowing out of the generator 104 is liquefied.
The condenser 105 is connected to the evaporator 103 via a fifth line 110, so that the liquefied working medium flows into the evaporator 103.
The engine heat energy recovery system 100 is installed in a frame of a vehicle to generate power for the vehicle to run, so that oil consumption is reduced, power is generated, and oil loss is reduced.
The engine thermal energy recovery system 100 includes an engine 101, a heat exchanger 102, an evaporator 103, a generator 104, and a condenser 105. A first pipeline 106 is arranged between the engine 101 and the heat exchanger 102, one end of the first pipeline 106 is connected with the engine 101, and the other end is connected with the heat exchanger 102. A second pipeline 107 is arranged between the heat exchanger 102 and the evaporator 103, one end of the second pipeline 107 is connected with the heat exchanger 102, and the other end is connected with the evaporator 103. A third pipeline 108 is arranged between the evaporator 103 and the generator 104, one end of the third pipeline 108 is connected with the evaporator 103, and the other end is connected with the generator 104. A fourth pipe 109 is provided between the generator 104 and the condenser 105, and one end of the fourth pipe 109 is connected to the generator 104 and the other end is connected to the condenser 105. A fifth pipeline 110 is provided between the condenser 105 and the evaporator 103, and one end of the fifth pipeline 110 is connected to the condenser 105 and the other end is connected to the evaporator 103.
The engine 101 has coolant therein, and the coolant cools the engine 101 after the engine 101 is started, that is, absorbs heat generated by the engine 101. The coolant having absorbed the heat of the engine 101 flows into the heat exchanger 102 through the first pipe 106, and the heat exchanger 102 is a part commonly used in an automobile and generally has a heat exchange housing and a heat exchange pipe, one end of the heat exchange pipe is connected to the first pipe 106, and the other end is connected to the second pipe 107. The cooling liquid flows into the heat exchange tube for heat exchange. Optionally, the heat exchanger 102 may generate heat for itself, or may be connected to other components to transfer heat generated by other devices into the heat exchange tube. In the present embodiment, the heat exchanger 102 absorbs heat of the exhaust gas of the vehicle, that is, the exhaust gas generated by the vehicle passes through the heat exchanger 102 to transfer part of the heat to the coolant when being exhausted. The cooling liquid absorbs heat in the heat exchanger 102 and flows into the evaporator 103 through the second pipe 107.
Alternatively, the coolant reaches 100 ℃ after heat exchange in the heat exchanger 102.
The cooling liquid enters the evaporator 103 and then exchanges heat with the working medium in the evaporator 103, and the working medium is a working substance for realizing heat and power conversion. Various heat engines or thermal devices are used to implement medium substances for converting heat energy and mechanical energy into each other. The following are common: combustion gas, water vapor, refrigerant, air, and the like. The working fluid is in a liquid state before heat exchange in the evaporator 103, and changes from the liquid state to a gas state after absorbing heat of the cooling liquid. The gaseous working medium enters the generator 104 through the third pipeline 108, and the volume of the working medium is expanded after the working medium is changed from the liquid state to the gaseous state, so that the generator 104 is driven to operate and generate power through volume expansion. The power generation efficiency can reach 8-10 percent by the power generation. Alternatively, the generator 104 is a turbine generator 104, which is more efficient in generating electricity.
After the power generation of the working medium in the generator 104 is completed, the air pressure and the temperature of the working medium are both reduced, and then the working medium enters the condenser 105 through the fourth pipeline 109. Condenser 105 is one type of heat exchange device that is capable of cooling the material entering condenser 105. The working medium enters the condenser 105, then is subjected to heat dissipation and temperature reduction, is converted from a gaseous state to a liquid state, and flows into the evaporator 103 through the fifth pipeline 110 for next cyclic utilization. The evaporator 103 has a certain heat preservation function, so that the heat consumption of the working medium is reduced, and the working medium can be gasified more quickly next time.
The whole engine heat energy recovery system 100 has four stages during operation, which are divided into an oil consumption pre-use stage, an oil consumption use stage, a warming-up stage and a warming-up completion stage. In the oil consumption pre-use stage, the circulating working medium is stored in the evaporator 103, and the evaporator 103 can preserve heat and reduce the heat dissipation speed of the working medium. In this example, it was determined that the working fluid temperature was maintained at 62 ℃ after 24 hours. In the stage of oil consumption, the evaporator 103 starts to act, and the working medium in the evaporator 103 exchanges heat with the cooling liquid to realize quick warming. During the warm-up phase, the generator 104 does not generate electricity, and the exhaust heat heats the engine 101 coolant and the oil temperature of the transmission. At the warm-up completion stage, the generator 104 starts generating power, and can charge the hybrid battery, thereby achieving the effect.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the evaporator 103 is connected to the engine 101 through a sixth pipeline 111, and the heat-exchanged coolant flows back to the engine 101. A sixth pipe 111 is provided between the evaporator 103 and the engine 101, and one end of the second pipe 107 is connected to the evaporator 103 and the other end is connected to the engine 101. The cooling liquid exchanges heat with the working medium in the evaporator 103 and then flows into the engine 101 again through the sixth pipeline 111 to cool the engine 101, so that the circulation utilization is formed.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a coolant water pump 112 is connected to the second pipeline 107. The coolant pump 112 provides power for the coolant to flow into the engine 101, so that the coolant can flow into the engine 101 quickly and smoothly.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a heater 113 is disposed on the fourth pipeline 109. The air heater 113 is used for providing warm air for the vehicle, and the working medium flows out of the generator 104 and then enters the condenser 105 through the air heater 113. After the working medium generates electricity in the generator 104, although the temperature is reduced, the residual temperature can still raise the air temperature. The working medium enters the air heater 113 for heat dissipation, and heats the air to make the air heater 113 blow out warm air, so as to further improve the utilization of heat.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, fifth conduit 110 is provided with a working fluid pump 114. The working medium pump 114 has the same principle as the cooling liquid water pump 112, and delivers the liquid working medium in the condenser 105 to the evaporator 103, so that the working medium flows rapidly and smoothly.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, a supercharger 115 and a intercooler 116 are also included. The engine 101 is connected to the supercharger 115 via a seventh line 117, the supercharger 115 is connected to the heat exchanger 102 via an eighth line 118 and to the intercooler 116 via a ninth line 119, and the intercooler 116 is connected to the engine 101 via a tenth line 120.
Specifically, the engine 101 is a turbocharged engine, and hot gas or working medium generated by the turbocharged engine is cooled by the intercooler 116, then enters the supercharger 115 for supercharging, and then is input into the engine 101.
Fig. 1 to 3 show a heat energy recovery power generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes generating power by using the engine heat energy recovery system 100 described above, and the power generation steps are as follows:
s01: the coolant in the engine 101 flows into the heat exchanger 102.
S02: the cooling liquid exchanges heat in a heat exchanger 102, and the temperature is gradually heated to 100 ℃.
S03: the heated coolant flows into the heat exchanger 102.
S04: the working fluid in the heat exchanger 102 absorbs the heat of the cooling fluid and is converted into a gasified state.
S05: the gasified working medium enters the generator 104, so that the generator 104 operates to generate power.
S06: after power generation, the pressure and temperature of the working fluid are reduced and flow into the condenser 105.
S07: the working fluid entering the condenser 105 is cooled, converted into a liquefied state, and then flows into the evaporator 103.
The heat energy recovery power generation method is implemented by using the engine heat energy recovery system 100, and the specific structure and function of the engine heat energy recovery system 100 refer to the related contents in the foregoing, which are not repeated herein.
The heat energy recovery power generation method utilizes the heat of the engine 101 absorbed by the cooling liquid, and reduces heat loss. The coolant absorbs heat of the engine 101 and enters the heat exchanger 102 to be heated, and the temperature can be heated to 100 ℃. The heated cooling liquid further enters the evaporator 103, heat is transferred to the working medium in the evaporator 103, and the working medium absorbs the heat and changes from a liquid state to a gas state. And then enters the generator 104, and the power generated by the expansion of the gas in the generator 104 drives the generator 104 to operate and generate electricity. After power generation, the working medium enters the condenser 105 to dissipate heat, changes from a gas state to a liquid state, and finally flows into the evaporator 103. The evaporator 103 has a heat preservation function, so that heat loss of the working medium which flows into the evaporator 103 again is reduced, the working medium can be gasified more quickly when the working medium is subjected to heat exchange with cooling liquid next time, and the power generation efficiency is improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, step S04 further includes S041: the coolant after exchanging heat with the working medium is delivered into the engine 101 by the coolant pump 112. The coolant pump 112 starts to circulate the coolant in the evaporator 103 to the engine 101. So arranged, the coolant flows smoothly.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, step 06 further includes, S061: the working medium flows out from the generator 104 and enters the air heater 113 to dissipate heat, so that the air is heated to provide hot air.
After the working medium drives the engine 101 to generate electricity, the air pressure and the temperature are both reduced, but the reserved temperature can still heat the air. After entering the air heater 113, the working medium exchanges heat with air, thereby generating hot air and further improving the utilization rate of heat.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, step S07 further includes, S071: the liquefied working medium flows into the evaporator 103 through the working medium pump 114. After the working medium pump 114 is started, the working medium in the condenser 105 is input into the evaporator 103 for next use, and the utilization rate is improved. The working medium pump 114 makes the working medium flow more smoothly and quickly.
In summary, according to the present invention, the engine heat energy recovery system 100 and the heat energy recovery power generation method are provided, the engine heat energy recovery system 100 includes an engine 101, a heat exchanger 102, an evaporator 103, a generator 104 and a condenser 105. The engine 101 is connected with the heat exchanger 102 through a first pipeline 106, so that the cooling liquid in the engine 101 enters the heat exchanger 102 for heat exchange. The heat exchanger 102 is connected to the evaporator 103 via a second pipe 107, so that heat of the heat-exchanged cooling fluid is transferred to the working medium in the evaporator 103. The evaporator 103 is connected with the generator 104 through a third pipeline 108, so that the heat-absorbing gasified working medium enters the generator 104 to generate power. The generator 104 is connected to the condenser 105 via a fourth line 109, so that the working medium flowing out of the generator 104 is liquefied. The condenser 105 is connected to the evaporator 103 via a fifth line 110, so that the liquefied working medium flows into the evaporator 103. The engine heat recovery system 100 is simple in structure and convenient to arrange. The heat of the cooling liquid in the generator 104 is effectively utilized, and the heat is utilized to generate electricity, so that the oil consumption is reduced and the electricity is generated.
The thermal energy recovery power generation method utilizes the Rankine cycle principle in the power generation process, well applies the Rankine cycle principle to the vehicle, and improves the power generation efficiency.
According to the needs, the above technical schemes can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made on the basis of the principle of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be regarded as the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An engine heat energy recovery system, characterized by comprising an engine (101), a heat exchanger (102), an evaporator (103), a generator (104) and a condenser (105);
the engine (101) is connected with the heat exchanger (102) through a first pipeline (106), so that cooling liquid in the engine (101) enters the heat exchanger (102) for heat exchange;
the heat exchanger (102) is connected with the evaporator (103) through a second pipeline (107), so that the heat of the cooling liquid after heat exchange is transferred to the working medium in the evaporator (103);
the evaporator (103) is connected with the generator (104) through a third pipeline (108), so that the heat-absorbing gasified working medium enters the generator (104) to generate electricity;
the generator (104) is connected with the condenser (105) through a fourth pipeline (109) to liquefy the working medium flowing out of the generator (104);
the condenser (105) is connected with the evaporator (103) through a fifth pipeline (110), so that the liquefied working medium flows into the evaporator (103).
2. The engine heat energy recovery system of claim 1, characterized in that the evaporator (103) is connected to the engine (101) via a sixth pipe (111) for returning the heat-exchanged coolant to the engine (101).
3. The engine heat energy recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that a coolant water pump (112) is connected to the second pipe (107).
4. The engine heat energy recovery system of claim 1, wherein a fan heater (113) is provided on the fourth conduit (109).
5. The engine heat energy recovery system of claim 1, wherein a working fluid pump (114) is provided on the fifth conduit (110).
6. The engine heat energy recovery system of claim 1, further comprising a supercharger (115) and a intercooler (116);
the engine (101) is connected with the supercharger (115) through a seventh pipeline (117), the supercharger (115) is connected with the heat exchanger (102) through an eighth pipeline (118) and is connected with the intercooler (116) through a ninth pipeline (119), and the intercooler (116) is connected with the engine (101) through a tenth pipeline (120).
7. A method of power generation by heat recovery, comprising generating power by using the engine heat recovery system of any one of claims 1 to 6, the power generation steps comprising:
s01: the coolant in the engine (101) flows into the heat exchanger (102);
s02: the cooling liquid exchanges heat in a heat exchanger (102), and the temperature is gradually heated to 100 ℃;
s03: the heated coolant flows into the heat exchanger (102);
s04: the working medium in the heat exchanger (102) absorbs the heat of the cooling liquid and is converted into a gasification state;
s05: the gasified working medium enters the generator (104) to enable the generator (104) to operate and generate electricity;
s06: after power generation, the air pressure and temperature of the working medium are reduced, and the working medium flows into a condenser (105);
s07: the working medium entering the condenser (105) is cooled, converted into a liquefied state and then flows into the evaporator (103).
8. The heat energy recovery power generation method according to claim 7, further comprising, in step S04,
s041: the cooling liquid after heat exchange with the working medium is conveyed into the engine (101) by a cooling liquid water pump (112).
9. The heat energy recovery power generation method according to claim 7, further comprising, in step 06,
s061: the working medium flows out of the generator (104) and then enters the air heater (113) for heat dissipation, so that air is heated to provide warm air.
10. The heat energy recovery power generation method according to claim 7, further comprising, in step S07,
s071: the liquefied working medium flows into the evaporator (103) through the working medium pump (114).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210602411.2A CN115059552A (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Engine heat energy recovery system and heat energy recovery power generation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210602411.2A CN115059552A (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Engine heat energy recovery system and heat energy recovery power generation method |
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| CN115059552A true CN115059552A (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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| CN202210602411.2A Pending CN115059552A (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Engine heat energy recovery system and heat energy recovery power generation method |
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