CN115059462B - Technological method of air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system - Google Patents
Technological method of air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115059462B CN115059462B CN202210925057.7A CN202210925057A CN115059462B CN 115059462 B CN115059462 B CN 115059462B CN 202210925057 A CN202210925057 A CN 202210925057A CN 115059462 B CN115059462 B CN 115059462B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/18—Pipes provided with plural fluid passages
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
Abstract
The invention discloses a process method of an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system, which comprises a reverse circulation drilling machine, a drilling tool, an air compressor, a forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint, a forward circulation deslagging and drainage device, a forward circulation discharged rock sample separating and collecting device and a reverse circulation discharged rock sample separating and collecting device, wherein the forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint is closed, an inner pipe channel of a double-wall drill rod is closed, formation water is discharged and monitored through a drill hole bottom under the action of high-pressure air at the ground bottom through a gap between the drill hole wall and the outer wall of the double-wall drill rod, the forward circulation deslagging and drainage device and the forward circulation discharged rock sample separating and collecting device in sequence, and the forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint is opened to realize the collection of dry rock samples. In the process of drilling and sampling the water-bearing stratum, the water-bearing stratum is drained by utilizing the forward circulation, the dry rock sample is collected by utilizing the reverse circulation, and the rock sample collection rate is improved on the premise of ensuring the dryness of the returned rock sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a Chinese patent application, which is applied to the fields of 2020, 04 and 10, and has the application numbers as follows: 202010276877.9, entitled "drilling system and process for continuous sampling with reverse air circulation for water-bearing formations", is a divisional application of the patent application.
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system and a process method for a water-containing stratum.
Background
The air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling technology is a drilling technology for continuously and efficiently obtaining high-quality rock debris samples, and the principle of the drilling technology is that compressed air is used as a flushing medium to be sent to the bottom of a hole from an annular gap of a double-wall drill rod and carries the rock samples to return to the ground surface from a central channel at a high speed. Due to the special design of the morphological structure of the hole bottom drilling tool, the compressed air starts to be distributed after reaching the hole bottom, wherein most of the air carries the rock debris crushed by the hole bottom drill bit instantly to enter the central channel of the upper drilling tool through the through hole of the drill bit face; a small part of air returns upwards from the gap between the drill rod and the hole wall, so that the water pressure at the bottom of the hole can be balanced, and the dry operation environment of the broken rock at the bottom of the hole can be maintained, therefore, theoretically, the broken rock is drilled by an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling process to generate a dry and instant upwards returned rock sample, the sampling rate of the air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling sample can reach 100 percent, the state of the rock layer at the bottom of the hole can be reflected in real time, all rock pillars (rock fragments) forcibly crushed by compressed air return to the ground surface through the central channel, and the interference of surrounding rocks is avoided.
However, in practical application, the underground water condition in the actual drilling stratum has great influence on the sampling rate of the air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling sample, and when drilling is carried out above the underground water level: the return rock sample is a dry sample, and the sampling rate can reach more than 90%. Drilling below the water table: when the actual drilling stratum contains a small amount of water, the gas pressure can be balanced with the outer ring water pressure, a circle of mud ring is formed above the drilling tool in the drilling process, the mud ring plays a role in sealing the outer ring gap to a certain extent, the dry operation environment of the hole bottom is further kept, and the rock sample sampling rate is improved. However, when the underground water level of the ground layer to be actually drilled is high, the pore water pressure of the ground layer at the bottom of the well exceeds the outer annular air pressure between the well wall and the drill rod, underground water flows into the bottom of the well in the drilling process and returns from the hollow channel of the drill rod along with a rock sample, the rock sample is sludge-shaped, great difficulty is brought to rock sample collection, sample pollution can be caused, part of samples run off along with underground water, the rock sample collection rate is usually lower than that of dry sample drilling, generally only 40% -70%, and the requirement of geological survey specifications on the ore sample collection rate cannot be met.
At present, no solution exists for the current situation, a cloth bag capable of filtering water is generally adopted as a sampling bag and connected to the lower outlet of a cyclone separation sampler, and the returned silt rock ore sample is filtered, dried in the cloth bag to form a dry sample and then subjected to post-treatment. The treatment can cause a great amount of loss of rock and ore samples along with underground water, the sampling rate is too low, the time consumption for treating the wet rock samples is long, and geologists can hardly accept the rock and ore samples. Therefore, the air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling process method is greatly limited when the underground water-containing stratum is used.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems of low sampling rate and difficult sample treatment in the water-bearing stratum by utilizing air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling sampling, and provides an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system and a process method for the water-bearing stratum.
The invention provides an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system for a water-bearing stratum, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a reverse circulation drilling machine, a drilling tool, an air compressor, a forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint, a forward circulation deslagging and drainage device, a forward circulation discharged rock debris sample separating and collecting device and a reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample separating and collecting device;
the drilling tool comprises a drilling tool power head, a double-wall drill rod and a through type down-the-hole hammer, wherein the drilling tool power head, the double-wall drill rod and the through type down-the-hole hammer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the drilling tool power head comprises an air inlet end, an air outlet end and a rock debris sample outlet end;
the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint comprises a joint outer pipe, a joint inner pipe and a remote control valve body, wherein the joint inner pipe is arranged in the joint outer pipe, the center lines of the joint inner pipe and the joint outer pipe are positioned on the same straight line, and the remote control valve body is used for remotely controlling the opening and closing of a joint inner pipe channel;
the positive circulation deslagging and drainage device comprises an orifice sleeve and an orifice annular sealing deslagging and drainage device, the orifice sleeve is a cylindrical hollow pipe body with an annular convex edge, the orifice annular sealing deslagging and drainage device comprises an upper structure and a lower structure, the upper structure comprises a conical rubber core and an upper pipe fitting, the conical rubber core is arranged in the upper pipe fitting and is mounted on a flange through a bolt, the flange is connected with the upper pipe fitting, the lower structure is a three-way pipe body, the upper pipe body of the three-way pipe body is connected with the upper structure, and the lower pipe body of the three-way pipe body is connected with the annular convex edge of the orifice sleeve through a flange;
the separation and collection device for the positive circulation discharged rock debris sample comprises a positive circulation slag discharge pipe and a cyclone separator;
the separation and collection device for the reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample comprises a reverse circulation slag discharge pipe and a cyclone separator;
the reverse circulation drilling machine is connected with the drilling tool, the air inlet end of the power head of the drilling machine is connected with the air compressor through a high-pressure rubber pipe, the debris sample outlet end of the power head of the drilling machine is connected with the reverse circulation deslagging pipe, the reverse circulation deslagging pipe is connected with the cyclone separator, the air outlet end of the power head of the drilling machine is in threaded connection with the outer joint pipe, the other end of the outer joint pipe is in threaded connection with the outer rod of the double-wall drill rod, and the inner joint pipe is in plug-in connection with the inner rod of the double-wall drill rod at the same end of the outer joint pipe connected with the double-wall drill rod; an inner rod of the double-wall drill rod, a connector inner tube of the forward and reverse circulation remote switching connector, a rock debris sample outlet end of a drilling machine power head, a reverse circulation slag discharge pipe and a cyclone separator are sequentially communicated to form a rock debris sample upward return collecting channel;
the positive circulation deslagging and drainage device is sleeved at a drilling hole opening on the outer wall of the double-wall drill rod, the hole opening sleeve is inserted into the drilling hole opening, the lateral flow guide pipe body of the three-way pipe body is connected with the positive circulation deslagging pipe, the positive circulation deslagging pipe is connected with the cyclone separator, and a channel formed by the hole wall of the drilling hole and the outer wall gap of the double-wall drill rod, a channel formed by the positive circulation deslagging and drainage device and the outer wall gap of the double-wall drill rod, the positive circulation deslagging pipe and the cyclone separator are sequentially communicated to form a formation water discharge and collection channel.
As a further improvement of the technical solution, the remote control valve body includes a ball valve, a valve body, a valve rod, a gland nut, and an actuator, the ball valve and the valve body are in the joint inner tube, the ball valve is connected to the valve rod, the valve rod is connected to the actuator, and the nut gland is in threaded connection with the joint outer tube.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the actuator is an electric actuator.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the air outlet end of the power head of the drilling machine is connected with the connecting end connected with the outer pipe, the outer pipe is an internal thread, an annular platform is arranged at the position of the tail end of the internal thread of the outer pipe, the tail end of the internal thread corresponds to the position, a plurality of bulges are uniformly distributed on the same circumference of the outer wall of the inner pipe of the joint, and the bulges are clamped on the surface of the platform.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the protrusions are rectangular, are three in number and are uniformly distributed on the same circumference of the outer wall of the inner pipe of the joint.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the inner diameter of the orifice sleeve is not less than the diameter of the drill hole.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the upper structure and the lower structure are connected through a quick-connection clamp.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the connection surfaces of the flange and the upper pipe fitting, the upper structure and the upper pipe body of the three-way pipe body, and the connection surfaces of the lower pipe fitting of the three-way pipe body and the annular convex edge of the orifice casing pipe respectively play a role in sealing by using asbestos pads.
The invention also provides an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling process method for the water-bearing stratum, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the process method is characterized in that a reverse circulation drilling machine, a drilling tool, an air compressor, a forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint, a forward circulation slag discharge and drainage device, a forward circulation discharged rock debris sample separation and collection device and a reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample separation and collection device are assembled and connected.
When air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling is carried out, the forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint is opened, a ball valve in the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint is in a normally open state, the air compressor starts to generate compressed air, the compressed air is output and enters an annular channel of the double-wall drill rod through the drill power head and the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint, the compressed air drives the through type down-the-hole hammer to act, a uniform negative pressure zone is formed at the bottom of a drill hole, a rock sample is carried to return upwards through a entrainment effect, and finally the rock sample return collecting channel is formed by sequentially communicating an inner rod of the double-wall drill rod, a joint inner tube of the forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint, a rock sample outlet end of the drill power head, a reverse circulation slag discharge tube and a cyclone separator, so that the separation and collection of the rock sample are realized;
when the separation and collection device for the reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample returns to the rock sample and returns to the wet rock specimen to be a sludge-shaped solid-liquid mixture, the reverse circulation remote control switching joint is closed through remote operation, the reverse circulation remote switching joint is closed, an inner rod channel of the double-wall drill rod is closed, a rock debris sample returning collection channel is closed, the reverse circulation drilling machine is operated to enable the through type down-the-hole hammer and the double-wall drill rod to be in a suspended state from the bottom of the hole to the bottom of the hole, the air compressor is opened to generate compressed air, the compressed air is output, the drilling machine power head passes through an inner joint pipe of the reverse circulation remote control switching joint and an annular channel of an outer joint pipe and then enters the annular channel of the double-wall drill rod, the double-wall drill rod which goes down to the bottom of the hole discharges high-pressure air to forcibly discharge underground water accumulated at the bottom of the hole, the underground water is discharged from the bottom of the hole through the hole wall and an outer annular space formed between the outer wall of the double-wall drill rod, the positive circulation remote control switching joint and the reverse circulation remote control switching joint.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system and the process method for the water-bearing stratum provided by the invention have the advantages that the forward and reverse circulation remote switching connector is utilized to realize the forward and reverse circulation switching of air, the forward circulation is utilized to realize the water-bearing stratum drainage in the drilling and sampling process of the water-bearing stratum, the reverse circulation is utilized to realize the collection of the dry rock sample, the defects of the air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling process method in the drilling process of the water-bearing stratum can be effectively overcome, the adoption rate of the air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling process method for drilling the rock sample is greatly improved on the premise of ensuring the dryness of the returned rock sample, and the application range of the air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling process method is expanded.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reverse circulation drilling system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a forward/reverse circulation remote control switch structure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an orifice annular sealing deslagging drainage device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a quick connect clamp connection.
Wherein: the device comprises a reverse circulation drilling machine 1, an air compressor 2, a 3-orifice annular sealing deslagging and drainage device, a 4-forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint, a 5-cyclone separator, a 6-cyclone separator, a 7-forward circulation deslagging pipe, an 8-reverse circulation deslagging pipe, a 9-through down-the-hole hammer, a 10-double-wall drill rod, an 11-orifice sleeve, a 12-drilling-machine power head, a 3.1-tee-joint pipe body, a 3.2 quick-connection clamp, a 3.3-upper-part pipe body, a 3.4 conical rubber core, a 3.5-tee-joint-body lateral flow guide pipe body, a 3.6, a 3.7, a 3.8-asbestos pad, a 3.9, a 3.10 and a 3.11-flange connection, a 4.1-joint outer pipe, a 4.2-joint inner pipe, a 4.3-ball valve, a 4.4.4 valve body, a 4.5-valve rod, a 4.6-gland nut, a 4.7-electric actuator, a 4.8 bulge and a 4.9-ring-shaped platform.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system for a water-containing stratum, which comprises a reverse circulation drilling machine 1, a drilling tool, an air compressor 2, a forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint 4, a forward circulation deslagging and drainage device, a forward circulation discharged rock debris sample separating and collecting device and a reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample separating and collecting device.
The drilling tool comprises a drilling machine power head 12, a double-wall drill rod 10 and a through type down-the-hole hammer 9 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the drilling machine power head 12 comprises an air inlet end, an air outlet end and a rock debris sample outlet end;
the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching connector 4 comprises a connector outer tube 4.1, a connector inner tube 4.2 and a remote control valve body, wherein the connector inner tube 4.2 is arranged in the connector outer tube 4.1, the connector inner tube 4.2 and the connector outer tube 4.1 are positioned on the same central line, and the remote control valve body is used for remotely controlling the opening and closing of a channel of the connector inner tube 4.2;
the positive circulation deslagging and drainage device comprises an orifice sleeve 9 and an orifice annular sealing deslagging and drainage device 3, wherein the orifice sleeve 9 is a cylindrical hollow pipe body with an annular convex edge, the orifice annular sealing deslagging and drainage device 3 comprises an upper structure and a lower structure, the upper structure comprises a conical rubber core 3.4 and an upper pipe fitting 3.3, the conical rubber core 3.4 is arranged in the upper pipe fitting 3.3 and is installed on a flange 3.10 through a bolt, the flange 3.10 is connected with the upper pipe fitting 3.3 through a bolt, the lower structure is a three-way pipe body 3.3, the upper structure 3.3 is quickly connected with the upper pipe body of the three-way pipe body through a quick connection clamp, and the lower pipe body of the three-way pipe body 3.3 is connected with the annular convex edge of the orifice sleeve 9 through a flange; the conical rubber core plays a role in sealing, so that formation water enters the separation and collection device for positive circulation discharged rock debris samples through the positive circulation slag discharge drainage device.
The separation and collection device for the positive-circulation discharged rock debris sample comprises a positive-circulation slag discharge pipe 7 and a cyclone separator 6;
the separation and collection device for the reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample comprises a reverse circulation slag discharge pipe 8 and a cyclone separator 5;
the reverse circulation drilling machine 1 is connected with a drilling tool, the air inlet end of a drilling machine power head 12 is connected with an air compressor 2 through a high-pressure rubber pipe, the rock sample outlet end of the drilling machine power head 12 is connected with a reverse circulation slag discharge pipe 7, the reverse circulation slag discharge pipe 7 is connected with a cyclone separator 6, the air outlet end of the drilling machine power head 12 is in threaded connection with an outer joint pipe 4.1, the other end of the outer joint pipe 4.1 is in threaded connection with an outer rod of a double-wall drill rod 10, the inner joint pipe 4.2 is in inserted connection with an inner rod of the double-wall drill rod 10 at the same end of the outer joint pipe 4.1 connected with the double-wall drill rod 10, a rubber ring is arranged at the joint of the inner joint pipe 4.2 to play a sealing role, and an inner rod of the double-wall drill rod 10, a joint inner pipe 4.2 of a forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint, the rock sample outlet end of the drilling machine, a reverse circulation slag discharge pipe 8 and a cyclone separator 5 are sequentially communicated to form a rock sample upward return collection channel;
the positive circulation deslagging and drainage device is sleeved at a drilling hole on the outer wall of the double-wall drill rod 10, the hole sleeve 9 is inserted into the drilling hole, the lateral diversion pipe body 3.5 of the three-way pipe body is connected with the positive circulation deslagging pipe 7, the positive circulation deslagging pipe 7 is connected with the cyclone separator 5, and a channel formed by the hole wall of the drilling hole and the outer wall clearance of the double-wall drill rod 10, a channel formed by the positive circulation deslagging and drainage device and the outer wall clearance of the double-wall drill rod 10, the positive circulation deslagging pipe 7 and the cyclone separator 6 are sequentially communicated to form a formation water drainage collection channel.
As shown in fig. 2, the remote control valve body includes: the ball valve 4.3, the valve body 4.4, the valve rod 4.5, the gland nut 4.6, the electric actuator 4.7, the ball valve 4.3 and the valve body 4.4 are arranged in the joint inner pipe 4.2, and the valve which is a passage of the inner pipe is used for controlling the opening and closing of the passage of the inner pipe; the ball valve 4.3 is connected with a valve rod 4.5, the valve rod 4.5 is connected with an electric actuator 4.7, the ball valve 4.6 is in threaded connection with a joint outer pipe 4.1 through a nut gland 4.6 to form a sealed cavity, the electric actuator 4.7 drives the valve rod 4.5 and the ball valve 4.3 to realize remote opening and closing of a joint inner pipe 4.2 channel, the ball valve 4.3 is closed, an inner pipe rock sample return channel of the double-wall drill rod 10 is closed, a formation water discharge channel is formed by a gap between a hole wall and the outer wall of the double-wall drill rod 10, and formation water is subjected to the action of high-pressure air at the ground bottom, and the formation water discharge state monitoring is realized through the formation water discharge channel, the positive circulation deslagging drainage device 3 and the separation and collection device of the positive circulation discharged rock debris sample.
The electric actuator 4.7 may also be a pneumatic or hydraulic actuator.
As shown in figure 1, in order to ensure the collection efficiency of the formation water, the inner diameter of the orifice casing 9 is larger than the diameter of the orifice of the drill hole, so that the upward return formation water can completely enter the orifice ring sealing deslagging drainage device 3.
As shown in fig. 3, an upper pipe fitting 3.3 of the orifice annular sealing deslagging drainage device 3 is connected with a three-way pipe body 3.1 through a quick connecting clamp 3.2; the connection surface of the conical rubber core 3.4 and the flange 3.10, the connection surface of the upper structure (the upper pipe fitting 3.3) and the lower structure (the upper pipe fitting of the three-way pipe body 3.1), and the connection surface of the lower pipe fitting of the three-way pipe body 3.1 and the annular convex edge of the orifice sleeve 9 are respectively sealed by asbestos pads.
As shown in figure 4, the upper structure and the lower structure of the orifice ring sealing deslagging drainage device are quickly connected through the quick connecting clamp, so that the rubber core is convenient to replace.
The invention provides an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling process method for a water-bearing stratum, which can be realized by the following operation flows:
when the air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling is carried out, a ball valve 4.3 in a forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint 4 is in a normally open state, an air compressor 2 generates compressed air, the compressed air is output and enters an annular channel of a double-wall drill rod 10 through a drill power head 12 and the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint 4, the compressed air drives a through type down-the-hole hammer 9 to act, a uniform negative pressure area is formed at the bottom of a drill hole, a rock debris sample is carried to return upwards through the entrainment effect, and finally the rock debris sample returns upwards through a central channel of the double-wall drill rod 10, a joint inner tube 4.2 of the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint 4, the drill power head 12 and a reverse circulation slag discharge tube 8 and enters a rotational flow separator 5 to be sequentially communicated to form a rock debris sample return channel, so that the separation and the collection of the rock debris sample are realized.
When the separation and collection device for discharging the rock debris sample by reverse circulation returns the solid-liquid mixture in a sludge shape on the wet rock sample, the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint 4 is remotely operated, the ball valve 4.3 is closed, the inner rod channel of the double-wall drill rod 10 is closed, the upward and reverse collection channel of the rock debris sample is closed, the reverse circulation can be converted into a forward circulation drilling mode at the moment, the through-type down-the-hole hammer 9 and the double-wall drill rod 10 are lowered to the hole bottom through the reverse circulation drilling machine 1, the hammer head is in a suspended state, the air compressor 2 generates compressed air, the compressed air is output, the compressed air enters the annular channel of the joint inner tube 4.2 and the joint outer tube 4.1 of the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint 4 through the drilling machine power head 12 and enters the annular channel of the double-wall drill rod 10, the double-wall drill rod 10 which is lowered to the hole bottom discharges high-pressure air, and forcibly discharges underground water stored at the hole bottom, underground water passes through an outer ring space formed between the hole bottom and the outer wall of the double-wall drill rod 10 through a hole wall and is discharged 6 through a forward circulation deslagging and drainage device, a forward circulation deslagging and drainage pipe 7 and a cyclone separator, when no underground water is discharged at a lower discharge port of the cyclone separator 6 in a separation and collection device for rock debris samples discharged in a forward circulation mode, the forward circulation and the reverse circulation remote control switching joint 4 is remotely operated, a ball valve 4.3 is opened, the forward circulation mode is converted into a reverse circulation sampling drilling mode at the moment (because high-pressure gas completely enters the outer ring space of the double-wall drill rod 10 and the hole wall during drilling in the forward circulation mode, when a ball valve 4.3 in the forward circulation and reverse circulation remote control switching joint 4 is in a closed state, the air pressure of the outer ring space is increased, and because the water head pressure of pore water in a water-bearing stratum is reduced after water drainage, the air pressure of the hole bottom and the outer ring water pressure are restored to be balanced), the continuous drilling of the hole bottom can still maintain a dry state, and the continuous reverse circulation sampling drilling can improve the sampling rate of rock and ore samples and obtain dry samples.
In the process of drilling and sampling the water-bearing stratum, the water-bearing stratum is drained by utilizing the forward circulation, and the dry rock sample is collected by utilizing the reverse circulation sampling drilling, so that the sampling rate of the drilled rock sample is greatly improved on the premise of ensuring the dryness of the returned rock sample.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A use method of an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system is characterized in that: the system comprises a reverse circulation drilling machine, a drilling tool, an air compressor, a forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint, a forward circulation deslagging and drainage device, a forward circulation discharged rock debris sample separating and collecting device and a reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample separating and collecting device;
the drilling tool comprises a drilling machine power head, a double-wall drill rod and a through type down-the-hole hammer, wherein the drilling machine power head, the double-wall drill rod and the through type down-the-hole hammer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the positive and negative circulation remote control switching joint comprises a joint outer pipe, a joint inner pipe and a remote control valve body, wherein the joint inner pipe is arranged in the joint outer pipe, the center lines of the joint inner pipe and the joint outer pipe are positioned on the same straight line, and the remote control valve body is used for remotely controlling the opening and closing of a joint inner pipe channel;
the remote control valve body comprises a ball valve, a valve body, a valve rod, a gland nut and an actuator, the ball valve and the valve body are arranged in the joint inner pipe, the valve rod is connected to the ball valve, the valve rod is connected to the actuator, and the gland nut is in threaded connection with the joint outer pipe;
the actuator is an electric actuator, a pneumatic actuator or a hydraulic actuator;
the positive circulation deslagging and drainage device comprises an orifice sleeve and an orifice annular sealing deslagging and drainage device, the orifice sleeve is a cylindrical hollow pipe body with an annular convex edge, the orifice annular sealing deslagging and drainage device comprises an upper structure and a lower structure, the upper structure comprises a conical rubber core and an upper pipe fitting, the conical rubber core is arranged in the upper pipe fitting and is mounted on a flange through a bolt, the flange is connected with the upper pipe fitting, the lower structure is a three-way pipe body, the upper pipe body of the three-way pipe body is connected with the upper structure, and the lower pipe body of the three-way pipe body is connected with the annular convex edge of the orifice sleeve through a flange;
the separation and collection device for the positive circulation discharged rock debris sample comprises a positive circulation slag discharge pipe and a cyclone separator;
the separation and collection device for the reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample comprises a reverse circulation slag discharge pipe and a cyclone separator;
the reverse circulation drilling machine is connected with the drilling tool, the air inlet end of the power head of the drilling machine is connected with the air compressor through a high-pressure rubber pipe, the debris sample outlet end of the power head of the drilling machine is connected with the reverse circulation deslagging pipe, the reverse circulation deslagging pipe is connected with the cyclone separator, the air outlet end of the power head of the drilling machine is in threaded connection with the outer joint pipe, the other end of the outer joint pipe is in threaded connection with the outer rod of the double-wall drill rod, and the inner joint pipe is in plug-in connection with the inner rod of the double-wall drill rod at the same end of the outer joint pipe connected with the double-wall drill rod; an inner rod of the double-wall drill rod, a connector inner tube of the forward and reverse circulation remote switching connector, a rock debris sample outlet end of a drilling machine power head, a reverse circulation slag discharge pipe and a cyclone separator are sequentially communicated to form a rock debris sample upward return collecting channel;
the positive circulation deslagging and drainage device is sleeved at a drilling hole opening on the outer wall of the double-wall drill rod, the hole opening sleeve is inserted into the drilling hole opening, a lateral flow guide pipe body of the three-way pipe body is connected with the positive circulation deslagging pipe, the positive circulation deslagging pipe is connected with the cyclone separator, a channel formed by the hole wall of a drilling hole and the outer wall gap of the double-wall drill rod, a channel formed by the positive circulation deslagging and drainage device and the outer wall gap of the double-wall drill rod, the positive circulation deslagging pipe and the cyclone separator are sequentially communicated to form a formation water discharge and collection channel;
the using method of the system comprises the steps of assembling and connecting a reverse circulation drilling machine, a drilling tool, an air compressor, a forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint, a forward circulation deslagging and drainage device, a forward circulation discharged rock debris sample separating and collecting device and a reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample separating and collecting device;
when air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling is carried out, the forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint is opened, a ball valve in the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint is in a normally open state, the air compressor starts to generate compressed air, the compressed air is output and enters an annular channel of the double-wall drill rod through the drill power head and the forward and reverse circulation remote control switching joint, the compressed air drives the through type down-the-hole hammer to act, a uniform negative pressure zone is formed at the bottom of a drill hole, a rock sample is carried to return upwards through a entrainment effect, and finally the rock sample return collecting channel is formed by sequentially communicating an inner rod of the double-wall drill rod, a joint inner tube of the forward and reverse circulation remote switching joint, a rock sample outlet end of the drill power head, a reverse circulation slag discharge tube and a cyclone separator, so that the separation and collection of the rock sample are realized;
when the separation and collection device for the reverse circulation discharged rock debris sample returns to the rock sample and returns to the wet rock specimen to be a sludge-shaped solid-liquid mixture, the reverse circulation remote control switching joint is closed through remote operation, the reverse circulation remote switching joint is closed, an inner rod channel of the double-wall drill rod is closed, a rock debris sample returning collection channel is closed, the reverse circulation drilling machine is operated to enable the through type down-the-hole hammer and the double-wall drill rod to be in a suspended state from the bottom of the hole to the bottom of the hole, the air compressor is opened to generate compressed air, the compressed air is output, the drilling machine power head passes through an inner joint pipe of the reverse circulation remote control switching joint and an annular channel of an outer joint pipe and then enters the annular channel of the double-wall drill rod, the double-wall drill rod which goes down to the bottom of the hole discharges high-pressure air to forcibly discharge underground water accumulated at the bottom of the hole, the underground water is discharged from the bottom of the hole through the hole wall and an outer annular space formed between the outer wall of the double-wall drill rod, the positive circulation remote control switching joint and the reverse circulation remote control switching joint.
2. The method of using an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air outlet end of the power head of the drilling machine is connected with the connecting end of the joint outer pipe, the joint outer pipe is an internal thread, an annular platform is arranged at the position of the tail end of the internal thread of the joint outer pipe, the tail end of the internal thread corresponds to the position, a plurality of bulges are uniformly distributed on the same circumference of the outer wall of the joint inner pipe, and the bulges are clamped on the surface of the platform.
3. The method of using an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bulges are rectangular and three in number and are uniformly distributed on the same circumference of the outer wall of the joint inner pipe.
4. The method of using an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the orifice casing inner diameter is not less than the borehole orifice diameter.
5. The method of using an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper structure and the lower structure are connected through a quick connection clamp.
6. The method of using an air reverse circulation continuous sampling drilling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flange and the upper pipe fitting, the upper structure and the upper pipe body connecting surface of the three-way pipe body, and the lower pipe fitting of the three-way pipe body and the annular convex edge connecting surface of the orifice sleeve respectively play a role in sealing by asbestos pads.
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| CN113266269B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-08-05 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Drill rod power head device, circulating device and drilling machine |
| CN114000847B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-07-18 | 河南豫中地质勘查工程有限公司 | Full-automatic orifice sealing and related operation system for gas drilling |
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| CN111287743B (en) | 2022-08-23 |
| CN111287743A (en) | 2020-06-16 |
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