CN115058989A - Construction method for rapidly dismounting single-column-pier single-box-chamber box girder bridge - Google Patents
Construction method for rapidly dismounting single-column-pier single-box-chamber box girder bridge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及箱梁桥领域,具体来说是一种独柱墩单箱室箱梁桥快速拆除的施工方法。The invention relates to the field of box girder bridges, in particular to a construction method for rapid dismantling of a single column pier single box chamber box girder bridge.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国基础设施的不断建设,独柱墩现浇箱梁桥在跨高速桥梁形式中已逐步被淘汰,对已有的桥梁需要进行拆除工作,但拆除工作存在以下问题:(1)采用机械拆除无法实现解决原连续箱梁中预应力对称同步释放的难题,且在拆除过程中原连续箱梁梁体有侧向倾覆的安全风险;(2)高速公路断行时间要求很高,不允许长时间断行;(3)桥梁的梁板与桥墩焊接位置,不易分割,且梁板较厚,重量太大,吊运条件不具备。With the continuous construction of infrastructure in my country, cast-in-place box girder bridges with single-column piers have been gradually eliminated in the form of high-span high-speed bridges, and the existing bridges need to be demolished, but the demolition work has the following problems: (1) The use of mechanical The problem of symmetrical and synchronous release of prestress in the original continuous box girder could not be solved by dismantling, and the original continuous box girder body had the safety risk of sideways overturning during the dismantling process; (2) The requirement for the time of expressway breaking is very high, and no long time is allowed. (3) The welding position of the beam plate and the pier of the bridge is not easy to separate, and the beam plate is thick and the weight is too large, and the lifting conditions are not available.
综上,结合社会和经济效益考虑,研究发明一种独柱墩单箱室现浇箱梁桥快速拆除的施工方法便尤为重要。To sum up, considering the social and economic benefits, it is particularly important to research and invent a construction method for rapid dismantling of a single-column pier and single-box-chamber cast-in-situ box girder bridge.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种快速拆除独柱墩单箱室箱梁桥的施工方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a construction method for rapidly dismantling a single-column pier single-box-chamber box-girder bridge.
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种独柱墩单箱室箱梁桥快速拆除的施工方法,所述施工方法包括如下步骤:A construction method for rapid dismantling of a single-column pier single-box-chamber box-girder bridge, the construction method comprising the following steps:
对独柱墩单箱室箱梁桥进行爆破拆除施工。The blasting demolition of the single-column pier and single-box-chamber box-girder bridge was carried out.
所述爆破拆除施工包括如下步骤:The blasting demolition construction includes the following steps:
步骤1:在箱梁桥中的箱梁顶部桥面上开设施工槽口;所述施工槽口与箱梁内部相连通;Step 1: open a construction slot on the top deck of the box girder in the box girder bridge; the construction slot is communicated with the inside of the box girder;
步骤2:通过各个施工槽口在对应箱梁内部开设内部装填孔;在箱梁顶部桥面上开设上部装填孔;在箱梁桥的边缘护栏上开设侧面装填孔;Step 2: Open internal filling holes inside the corresponding box girder through each construction slot; open upper filling holes on the bridge deck at the top of the box girder; open side filling holes on the edge guardrail of the box girder bridge;
步骤3:在箱梁桥的桥墩上开设下部装填孔;Step 3: Open lower filling holes on the piers of the box girder bridge;
步骤4:在步骤3完成后,分别在上部装填孔、内部装填孔以及侧面装填孔内装填炸药;Step 4: After the completion of
步骤5:在步骤4完成后,根据设计要求引爆炸药进行箱梁桥的爆破拆除;爆破结束后,检查完毕后进行箱梁桥的残渣清运处理;Step 5: After the completion of Step 4, detonate explosives according to the design requirements to carry out the blasting and dismantling of the box girder bridge; after the blasting is completed, carry out the residue removal and transportation treatment of the box girder bridge after the inspection is completed;
步骤6:步骤5完成后,一个箱梁桥的拆除操作完成,如果需要重复拆除其他箱梁桥,重复上述步骤1-步骤5即可。Step 6: After step 5 is completed, the dismantling operation of one box girder bridge is completed. If it is necessary to repeat the dismantling of other box girder bridges, repeat the above steps 1-5.
所述箱梁顶部桥面钻孔时要求钻头沿垂直与箱梁顶部桥面方向进给;所述桥墩钻孔时也要求钻头沿垂直与桥墩中心线方向进给。When drilling the bridge deck at the top of the box girder, the drill bit is required to feed in the direction perpendicular to the bridge deck at the top of the box girder; when drilling the bridge pier, the drill bit is also required to be fed in the direction perpendicular to the centerline of the bridge pier.
所述箱梁顶部桥面中部区域开设的上部装填孔深度小于箱梁顶部桥面两侧区域开设的上部装填孔深度。The depth of the upper filling holes opened in the middle area of the bridge deck at the top of the box girder is smaller than the depth of the upper filling holes opened in the areas on both sides of the bridge deck at the top of the box girder.
所述边缘护栏上设有多个侧面装填孔,多个所述侧面装填孔错位分布;各个所述侧面装填孔呈梅花状分布。The edge guardrail is provided with a plurality of side filling holes, and the plurality of the side filling holes are distributed in a dislocation; each of the side filling holes is distributed in a plum blossom shape.
所述上部装填孔均为矩形孔;各个所述上部装填孔呈矩形分布。The upper filling holes are all rectangular holes; each of the upper filling holes is distributed in a rectangular shape.
所述桥墩上设有多个下部装填孔;多个所述下部装填孔错位分布,各个所述下部装填孔呈梅花状分布。The bridge pier is provided with a plurality of lower filling holes; the plurality of lower filling holes are distributed in a dislocation, and each of the lower filling holes is distributed in a plum blossom shape.
所述桥墩上的下部装填孔处于桥墩中部区域;所述桥墩上端与下端预留有空白段。The lower filling hole on the bridge pier is located in the middle area of the bridge pier; the upper end and the lower end of the bridge pier are reserved with blank sections.
所述侧面装填孔倾斜设置。The side filling holes are arranged obliquely.
所述内部装填孔包括设置在箱梁底部的底部装填孔和设置在箱梁侧壁上的边部装填孔;所述边部装填孔深度大于底部装填孔深度;所述边部装填孔倾斜布置。The inner filling holes include bottom filling holes arranged at the bottom of the box girder and side filling holes arranged on the side walls of the box girder; the depth of the side filling holes is greater than the depth of the bottom filling holes; the side filling holes are arranged obliquely .
本发明的优点在于:The advantages of the present invention are:
本发明公开了一种独柱墩单箱室箱梁桥快速拆除的施工方法;本发明通过爆破的方法实现对箱梁桥的爆破拆除;使得箱梁桥爆破后形成的残渣尽可能解小,便于箱梁桥后续破碎清运;另外,本发明通过多个填充孔位置和结构的设置,可以加快桥梁独柱墩拆除效率;整个过程仅爆破和破碎清运阶段需要封闭交通,可以降低桥梁拆除过程对社会的影响。The invention discloses a construction method for rapid dismantling of a single-column pier single-box-chamber box girder bridge; the invention realizes the blasting dismantling of the box girder bridge through the blasting method; the residue formed after the blasting of the box girder bridge is as small as possible, It is convenient for the subsequent crushing, clearing and transportation of the box girder bridge; in addition, the present invention can speed up the dismantling efficiency of the single-column pier of the bridge through the arrangement of multiple filling hole positions and structures; the whole process only needs to close the traffic during the blasting and crushing clearing and transportation stages, which can reduce the demolition of the bridge. The impact of the process on society.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面对本发明说明书各幅附图表达的内容及图中的标记作简要说明:Below is a brief description of the content expressed in each of the drawings in the description of the present invention and the labels in the drawings:
图1为本发明中箱梁顶部桥面的俯视图。FIG. 1 is a top view of the bridge deck at the top of the box girder in the present invention.
图2为本发明开设有上部天窗孔的剖视图。2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention with an upper skylight hole.
图3为本发明开设有内部填充孔的剖视图。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention with an internal filling hole.
图4为本发明中桥墩上开设有下部填充孔的主视图。FIG. 4 is a front view of a bridge pier with a lower filling hole in the present invention.
上述图中的标记均为:The marks in the above figure are:
1、桥墩,2、箱梁,3、箱梁顶部桥面,4、边缘护栏。1. Bridge pier, 2. Box girder, 3. Top deck of box girder, 4. Edge guardrail.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对照附图,通过对最优实施例的描述,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through the description of the preferred embodiments.
一种独柱墩单箱室箱梁2桥快速拆除的施工方法,所述施工方法包括如下步骤:对独柱墩单箱室箱梁桥2-1进行爆破拆除施工;本发明公开了一种独柱墩单箱室箱梁桥2-1快速拆除的施工方法;本发明通过爆破的方法实现对箱梁桥2-1的爆破拆除;使得箱梁桥2-1爆破后形成的残渣尽可能解小,便于箱梁桥2-1后续破碎清运。A construction method for rapid dismantling of a single-column pier, single-box-chamber box-girder bridge 2-1, the construction method comprising the following steps: blasting and dismantling a single-column pier, single-box-chamber box-girder bridge 2-1; the invention discloses a The construction method for the rapid demolition of the box girder bridge 2-1 with a single column pier and a single box chamber; the present invention realizes the demolition of the box girder bridge 2-1 by blasting; The solution is small, which is convenient for the subsequent crushing and transportation of box girder bridge 2-1.
进一步的,在本发明中所述爆破拆除施工包括如下步骤:Further, the blasting demolition construction described in the present invention comprises the following steps:
步骤1:在箱梁桥2-1中的箱梁顶部桥面3上开设施工槽口3-1;所述施工槽口3-1与箱梁2内部相连通;Step 1: A construction slot 3-1 is set on the
步骤2:通过各个施工槽口3-1在对应箱梁2内部开设内部装填孔22;在箱梁顶部桥面3上开设上部装填孔31;在箱梁桥2-1的边缘护栏4上开设侧面装填孔41;Step 2: Open
步骤3:在箱梁桥2-1的桥墩1上开设下部装填孔11;Step 3: Open the
步骤4:在步骤3完成后,分别在上部装填孔31、内部装填孔22以及侧面装填孔41内装填炸药;Step 4: After the completion of
步骤5:在步骤4完成后,根据设计要求引爆炸药进行箱梁桥2-1的爆破拆除;爆破结束后,检查完毕后进行箱梁桥2-1的残渣清运处理;Step 5: After the completion of step 4, detonate explosives according to the design requirements to carry out the blasting and dismantling of the box girder bridge 2-1; after the blasting is completed, carry out the residue removal and transportation treatment of the box girder bridge 2-1 after the inspection is completed;
步骤6:步骤5完成后,一个箱梁桥2-1的拆除操作完成,如果需要重复拆除其他箱梁桥2-1,重复上述步骤1-步骤5即可。Step 6: After Step 5 is completed, the dismantling operation of one box girder bridge 2-1 is completed. If it is necessary to repeatedly dismantle other box girder bridges 2-1, repeat the above steps 1-5.
本发明通过上述爆破拆除施工步骤的公开,可以方便箱梁桥2-1的爆破拆除,同时减少箱梁桥2-1爆破后的残渣粒度。The present invention can facilitate the blasting and dismantling of the box girder bridge 2-1 through the disclosure of the above blasting and dismantling construction steps, and simultaneously reduce the particle size of the residue after blasting the box girder bridge 2-1.
另外,在本发明步骤2中,要求先开设内部装填孔22;然后在箱梁顶部桥面3上开设上部装填孔31,随后在箱梁桥2-1的边缘护栏4上开设侧面装填孔41;这里施工顺序如上,是减少开槽对施工人员的损伤,因为如果先开设上部装填孔31,再开设内部装填孔,上部装填孔31开设形成的灰尘会影响后续内部装填孔22的开槽人员,造成开槽人员吸收过多灰尘,影响身体健康。In addition, in
进一步的,在本发明中所述箱梁顶部桥面3钻孔时要求钻头沿垂直与箱梁顶部桥面3方向进给;所述桥墩1钻孔时也要求钻头沿垂直与桥墩1中心线方向进给,采用上述操作方法,可以在箱梁顶部桥面和桥墩上形成垂直孔洞,垂直孔与倾斜孔相比,垂直孔的开设较为容易,另外,在本发明中,上述上部装填孔31、下部装填孔11、底部装填孔221等装填孔主要是用于装载火药,也就是装载爆破炮体,在实际使用时,上述装填孔称为炮眼;本发明中炮眼采用上述操作方式开设,使得钻孔较容易,并且钻孔准确度高,炮孔体积里外大小较一致,同时相邻炮眼的最小抵抗线里外也较一致,使爆落的矿岩块度均匀,不会抛掷太远,爆堆集中在工作面附近;有利于装岩。Further, in the present invention, when drilling the
进一步的,在本发明中所述箱梁顶部桥面3中部区域开设的上部装填孔31深度小于箱梁顶部桥面3两侧区域开设的上部装填孔31深度;在爆破拆除中,因为桥面中部的上部厚度小于桥面边缘的上部厚度,为达到相同的爆破效果,桥面中部的上部装填孔31深度应小于桥面边缘的上部装填孔31深度,使炮孔内所装炸药的爆炸能量与破坏孔周围介质所需能量相等;优化爆破效果。Further, in the present invention, the depth of the upper filling holes 31 opened in the middle area of the box
进一步的,在本发明中所述边缘护栏4上设有多个侧面装填孔41,多个所述侧面装填孔41错位分布;各个所述侧面装填孔41呈梅花状分布;从爆破产生的能量均布来看,梅花型布置更为理想,也就是采用上述分布方式,可以在爆破边缘护栏所产生的飞石更少更近。Further, in the present invention, the edge guard 4 is provided with a plurality of
进一步的,在本发明中所述上部装填孔31均为矩形孔;各个所述上部装填孔31呈矩形分布;在本发明中施工准备时间短,为保证在规定时间内完成爆破工作,在充分考虑爆破效果及准备时间后,矩形炮孔布置具有定位更容易准确,钻机移动次数少,施工准备时间短等优点,因此选择矩形孔布置方式。Further, in the present invention, the upper filling holes 31 are all rectangular holes; each of the upper filling holes 31 is distributed in a rectangular shape; in the present invention, the construction preparation time is short, in order to ensure that the blasting work is completed within the specified time, it is After considering the blasting effect and preparation time, the rectangular hole arrangement has the advantages of easier and more accurate positioning, fewer drilling rig movements, and shorter construction preparation time. Therefore, the rectangular hole arrangement is selected.
进一步的,在本发明中所述桥墩1上设有多个下部装填孔11;多个所述下部装填孔11错位分布,各个所述下部装填孔11呈梅花状分布,采用梅花型布置方式和“多打孔,少装药”使总药量分散化,单孔药量微量化,结合多段微差爆破技术破碎快度更均匀,爆破振动和冲击波危害以及桥梁倒塌后的触地振更小。Further, in the present invention, the
进一步的,在本发明中所述桥墩1上的下部装填孔11处于桥墩1中部区域;所述桥墩1上端与下端预留有空白段12;结合周围施工环境,采用原地坍塌的设计方案;进而结合“失稳原理”确定爆破切口的位置和高度;在桥梁上部及下部同时爆破拆除时,通过在桥墩1中部爆破的方式,使空白段12吸收多余能量,进而无多余能量引起飞石,只能原地倒塌;若在桥墩1上端和下端开设孔洞,爆破产生的能量会大于该孔周围介质达到预期爆破效果所需能量,使介质结构破坏外,还有多余的能量转化为空气冲击波、飞散物、地震等有害效应,对周围地质及建筑物产生影响。Further, in the present invention, the
进一步的,在本发明中所述侧面装填孔41倾斜设置;这样的设置,方便了炸药放置,避免炸药掉落。Further, in the present invention, the side filling holes 41 are arranged obliquely; such arrangement facilitates the placement of explosives and prevents the explosives from falling.
进一步的,在本发明中所述内部装填孔22包括设置在箱梁2底部的底部装填孔221和设置在箱梁2侧壁上的边部装填孔222;所述边部装填孔222深度大于底部装填孔221深度;这样布置方式,可以保证箱梁侧壁与箱梁底部分离,避免爆破后箱梁底部产较大块飞石,影响后续的清理操作;另外,在本发明中边部装填孔222倾斜布置;这样的设置,方便了炸药放置,避免炸药掉落。Further, in the present invention, the
具体实施时:When implementing:
通过对独柱墩单箱室现浇箱梁桥2-1受力分析,总结并优化爆破施工网络,不仅能够通过爆破对现浇箱梁2梁板预应力安全释放,还能对桥梁独柱墩起到同步拆除,加快施工进度的作用,从而起到节约时间成本,提高经济效益和社会效益的作用。By analyzing the force of 2-1 of the cast-in-situ box-girder bridge with single-column pier and single-box chamber, summarizing and optimizing the blasting construction network, not only can the prestress of the cast-in-
主要实施过程包括以下方面:The main implementation process includes the following aspects:
在箱梁顶部桥面3切口若干个施工槽口3-1,以便操作人员进入箱梁2内部;方便后续通过桥面对箱梁2底部进行布孔装药,增强爆破效果,减少清渣时间,相比于在桥底对箱梁2底部布孔,省去搭设支架的时间;Several construction notches 3-1 are cut on the
另外,在本发明中桥面钻孔采用竖直方式钻孔,其中箱梁2两侧桥面钻孔深度为0.35m,边缘护栏4两侧采用梅花形布孔,其余采用矩形布孔;In addition, in the present invention, the bridge deck drilling adopts a vertical drilling method, wherein the depth of the bridge deck drilling on both sides of the
桥墩1钻孔采用竖直方式钻孔,上下各留1m不钻孔,采用梅花形布孔;The
随后按要求进行爆破及破碎清运处理。Afterwards, blasting and crushing and cleaning are carried out as required.
本发明的优点有:The advantages of the present invention are:
利用对单箱室现浇箱梁2平面和纵面进行爆破孔位设计,达到使爆破后箱梁2尽可能解小,便于破碎清运的作用;利用对地面以上独柱墩爆破孔位设计,加快桥梁独柱墩拆除效率;整个过程仅爆破和破碎清运阶段需要封闭交通,可以降低桥梁拆除过程对社会的影响。The design of blasting holes on the plane and longitudinal plane of the cast-in-
显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制,只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进,均在本发明的保护范围之内。Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, as long as various insubstantial improvements made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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CN105088979A (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2015-11-25 | 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 | Demolition blasting method for large bridge |
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JP2016121458A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-07 | カヤク・ジャパン株式会社 | How to remove synthetic girder concrete |
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