CN115058791B

CN115058791B - Controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, fabric and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115058791B
Application number: CN202210752782.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陶光明; 王瑜伟; 李攀
Original assignee: Wuhan Baijun City Software Park Development Co ltd; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Wuhan Baijun City Software Park Development Co ltd; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2022-06-29
Filing date: 2022-06-29
Publication date: 2023-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-29
Also published as: CN115058791A

Abstract

The invention provides a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, a fabric and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is that a side light-emitting technology and a photoluminescence technology are organically combined to prepare the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, and the fiber is made to emit light in a mode of coupling a light source on the end face of the fiber, and parameters such as the wavelength, the power, the coupling angle and the like of the light source are further adjusted to make the fiber realize controllable color change; the problems that the existing photochromic fiber is easily interfered by an external light source and cannot be accurately regulated and controlled are solved, and the limited utilization rate of the light source is greatly improved; in addition, the fiber core package structure, the diameter and the coupling light source are adjusted to effectively regulate and control the color change of the fiber.

Description

Controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, fabric and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of functional fibers, in particular to a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, a fabric and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Along with the rapid development of wearable intelligent fabrics, the requirements of people on material functionalization and intellectualization are also higher and higher, wherein the intelligent color-changing fabrics have wide application prospects in the fields of military camouflage, fashion clothing, anti-counterfeiting, display, visual sensing and the like. Therefore, intelligent color-changing fibers and fabrics thereof have become a popular field of research and study. The existing color-changing fiber is mainly divided into two types, namely a non-luminous color-changing fiber, and the color of the fiber can be changed mainly by the action of external factors because the fiber cannot emit light, so that the color change of the fiber can be displayed only on occasions with sufficient illumination, and the application range is greatly limited; the other is a luminescent color-changing fiber, which can show the change of the self color by emitting light with different colors and is clearly visible in the dark, and has a wider application range compared with the former. The color-changing fibers are classified according to the color-changing mechanism and mainly comprise six types of photochromic, electrochromic, thermochromic, electrothermal and mechanical color-changing fibers, but the problems of complex preparation process, poor wearability, single color-changing color system and the like of the color-changing fibers still exist at present.

The invention discloses a luminescent color-changing monofilament and a preparation method thereof, wherein the invention melts a polymer matrix raw material and adds an additive with the same refractive index as the polymer matrix raw material into the polymer matrix raw material; placing the mixed materials into a melt extruder for melt blending, extruding, cooling, stretching, heat setting, winding and the like to obtain color-changing fiber monofilaments, and then thermally attaching one end of the color-changing fiber monofilaments onto an LED lamp strip to obtain luminous color-changing monofilaments; the color change of the fiber in the invention mainly depends on the color change of the LED lamp strip attached to the fiber, and has certain limitation. The invention mainly adopts a heat softening wire drawing process to prepare the electrothermal electrochromic fiber, and the fiber is formed by concentric nesting of three materials. The fiber core layer is a conductive layer, the middle layer is a thermochromic layer, and the outermost layer is a protective layer, and the fiber temperature is controlled by regulating and controlling the voltage of the conductive layer so as to control the color change of the photoluminescent layer; the color change of the fiber can be regulated and controlled by external power supply, and the required driving voltage is large, so that the fiber can possibly cause injury to human body and is not easy to be applied to wearable fabrics. The invention also discloses a thermochromic fiber and a preparation method thereof, the thermochromic fiber with a thermochromic layer is mainly prepared by a thermal softening wire drawing process, but the color of the fiber is mainly changed by regulating and controlling the temperature of the fiber, so that the accurate regulation and control on the color change of the fiber cannot be realized, the color system of the fiber is single, and the fiber cannot be well suitable for complex and sensitive color-changing occasions.

Based on the defects existing in the prior color-changing fiber, the improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber and fabric, and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the prior art.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, which comprises a core layer and a functional layer coated outside the core layer, wherein the core layer comprises at least one side-emitting optical fiber, and the functional layer is a photoluminescent layer.

Preferably, the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber further comprises a base layer, wherein the core layer and the functional layer are embedded in the base layer, and at least one core layer is embedded in the base layer.

Preferably, the cross section of the core layer and the whole formed by the core layer and the functional layer is one of rectangle, square, round, ellipse and triangle;

the thickness of the functional layer is 10-700 mu m;

the photoluminescent layer is prepared by doping a photoluminescent material with a first polymer.

Preferably, the first polymer includes at least one of methyl methacrylate, fluororesin-modified polymethyl methacrylate, cycloolefin copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, polyphenylene oxide, chlorinated polyether, phenylsulfone, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and acrylic plastic;

The photoluminescent material is an organic photoluminescent material or an inorganic photoluminescent material;

wherein the organic photoluminescent material comprises at least one of coumarin derivatives, 1, 8-naphthalimide derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives, triphenylamine derivatives, porphyrin compounds, carbazole, pyrazine and thiazole derivatives;

the inorganic photoluminescent material comprises at least one of an oxide, a halide, a silicate, a phosphate, a halophosphate, an aluminate, a borate, a tungstate, a vanadate, and a nitride.

Preferably, the particle size of the photoluminescent material of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is 0.05-50 μm, and the mixture is obtained after the photoluminescent material is doped with the first polymer, wherein the mass fraction of the photoluminescent material in the mixture is 1-70%.

Preferably, the particle size of the photoluminescent material of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is 0.1-30 mu m, and the mass fraction of the photoluminescent material in the mixture is 5-50%.

Preferably, the material of the base layer is a second polymer, and the second polymer includes at least one of methyl methacrylate, fluororesin-modified polymethyl methacrylate, cycloolefin copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene-dimethyl methyl acrylate copolymer, and polyvinyl chloride.

Preferably, the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is provided with an antireflection film on one end face and an antireflection film on the other end face, and one end of the antireflection film is coupled with a laser source; or the two end surfaces of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber are respectively provided with an antireflection film, and the two end surfaces of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber are respectively coupled with a laser light source.

In a second aspect, the invention also provides a preparation method of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, which comprises the following steps:

blending the first polymer and the photoluminescent material to obtain a photoluminescent composite material;

preparing a preform by using the photoluminescent composite material;

preparing a side-emitting optical fiber;

and (3) forming a through hole on the preform, enabling the side-emitting optical fiber to pass through the through hole, and then performing hot drawing on the preform by using a hot drawing method to obtain the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber.

Or the preparation method of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber comprises the following steps:

adding a first polymer into a solvent, then adding a photoluminescent material, and mixing to obtain a photoluminescent composite coating solution;

preparing a side-emitting optical fiber;

and (3) coating the photoluminescent composite coating liquid on the surface of the side-emitting optical fiber, and curing to obtain the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber.

In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a photochromic fabric, which is woven by using warp yarns and weft yarns, wherein at least one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns is the photochromic fabric.

The controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, the fabric and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

1. according to the preparation method of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, a side light-emitting technology and a photoluminescence technology are organically combined to prepare the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, and the fiber is subjected to controllable color changing by enabling the fiber to emit light in a mode of coupling a light source on the end face of the fiber and further adjusting parameters such as the wavelength, the power and the coupling angle of the light source; the problems that the existing photochromic fiber is easily interfered by an external light source and cannot be accurately regulated and controlled are solved, and the limited utilization rate of the light source is greatly improved; in addition, the fiber core package structure, the diameter and the coupling light source can be adjusted to effectively regulate and control the color change of the fiber;

2. the preparation method of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber can realize double-color and even three-color luminescence on a single fiber, not only can realize the color-changing effect through coupling ultraviolet light source spectrum synthesis with the spectrum of photoluminescent powder in the fiber, but also can realize the controllable synthesis of any multispectral through adjusting parameters such as fiber core-to-package ratio, fiber internal structure, wavelength, power, coupling angle and the like of the coupling light source, thereby being capable of randomly adjusting the color change of the single fiber, and finally obtaining the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber with any controllable and various color changes;

3. According to the preparation method of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, the photoluminescent fiber is prepared by adopting a preform-fiber hot stretching process, and the prepared fiber section can be in any shape such as a round shape, a square shape, a triangle shape, a hexagon shape and the like due to the structural controllability of the process, and the fiber diameter is accurately adjustable in micro-nano level; in addition, the shape and the diameter of the fiber can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the macroscopic preform, the process is simpler, the preparation of the preform with the complex structure can be realized by the process, the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, and the mass preparation of the fiber can be realized. The photoluminescent fiber prepared by the invention takes the polymer as a substrate, and has excellent flexibility, stretchability, bending resistance, cycle stability and washing resistance.

4. The controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber prepared by the invention has good spinnability, and can be combined with traditional textiles to weave intelligent color-changing fabrics, so that the fiber can be applied to the flexible intelligent wearable field.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of a preform formed by heat setting after film winding;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fiber heat drawing apparatus used in example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a laser source of a controllable light guide color-changing fiber and a fiber spectrum after coupling with the source according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a diagram of a laser source of a controllable light guide color-changing fiber and a fiber spectrum after coupling with the source according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a diagram of a laser source of a controllable light guide color-changing fiber and a fiber spectrum after coupling with the source according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of the fiber heat draw and luminescent material application used in example 8 of the present application;

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the application. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present application.

The embodiment of the application provides a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, which is shown by referring to fig. 1 and comprises a core layer 1 and a functional layer 2 coated outside the core layer, wherein the core layer 1 comprises at least one side light-emitting fiber, and the functional layer 2 is a photoluminescent layer.

The controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber of the application, the side-emitting fiber is also called a whole-body emitting fiber, and is usually a step-type polymer fiber. The side-emitting optical fiber may guide light and may uniformly scatter the light to the outside, and its material may be a polymer material or a glass material, that is, the side-emitting optical fiber may be a polymer side-emitting optical fiber or a glass side-emitting optical fiber.

In some embodiments, the substrate 3, the core layer 1 and the functional layer 2 are embedded in the substrate 3, and at least one core layer 1 is embedded in the substrate 3.

Specifically, the photoluminescent layer is wrapped around the core layer, for example, one or more photoluminescent layers with different luminescent colors can be wrapped around the core layer, for example, a red photoluminescent layer (that is, capable of emitting red light) can be wrapped around the core layer, or a part of the red photoluminescent layer, a part of the green photoluminescent layer and a part of the yellow photoluminescent layer can be wrapped around the core layer respectively, so that the photoluminescent layers can emit red light, yellow light and blue light simultaneously.

Specifically, according to the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber of the present application, the base layer 3 is coated outside the core layer 1 and the functional layer 2, wherein at least one of the core layers 1 may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc., the arrangement manner between the core layers 1 may be symmetric about a straight line, the arrangement manner between the core layers 1 may also be triangular, square, single-side-offset, other asymmetric arrangement manners, etc. The base layer 3 wraps the core layer 1 and the functional layer 2, and the base layer 3 plays a role in protecting the core layer 1 and the functional layer 2.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber comprises a core layer 1, a functional layer and a base layer 3, wherein the functional layer comprises two red photoluminescent layers 20, and the two red photoluminescent layers 20 are respectively coated on the periphery of the core layer 1; a complete hollow cylinder structure is formed between the red photoluminescent layers 20.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber comprises a core layer 1, a functional layer and a base layer 3, wherein the functional layer comprises two photoluminescent layers, namely a red photoluminescent layer 20 and a green photoluminescent layer 21, respectively, and the red photoluminescent layer 20 and the green photoluminescent layer 21 are respectively coated on the periphery of the core layer 1; a complete hollow cylinder structure is formed between the red photoluminescent layer 20 and the green photoluminescent layer 21.

Further, referring to fig. 4, the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber comprises a core layer 1, a functional layer and a base layer 3, wherein the functional layer comprises three photoluminescent layers, namely a red photoluminescent layer 20, a green photoluminescent layer 21 and a blue photoluminescent layer 22, respectively, and the red photoluminescent layer 20, the green photoluminescent layer 21 and the blue photoluminescent layer 22 are respectively coated on the periphery of the core layer 1; a complete hollow cylinder structure is formed among the red photoluminescent layer 20, the green photoluminescent layer 21 and the blue photoluminescent layer 22.

Further, referring to fig. 5, the controllable light guiding color-changing fiber comprises two core layers 1, two functional layers and a base layer 3, wherein the two functional layers are respectively a red light photoluminescent layer 20 and a green light photoluminescent layer 21, and the controllable light guiding color-changing fiber is a double-core red light and green light double-color photoluminescent fiber.

Referring further to fig. 6, the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber comprises three core layers 1, three functional layers and a base layer 3, wherein the three functional layers are respectively a red light photoluminescent layer 20, a green light photoluminescent layer 21 and a blue light photoluminescent layer 22, and the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is a three-core red light, green light and blue light photoluminescent fiber.

In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the core layer may be freely adjusted according to the use condition, and the cross-section of a specific core layer may be rectangular, square, round, oval, triangular or other irregular shape. The cross-sectional shape of the whole core layer and the functional layer, i.e. the cross-sectional shape of the whole controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, can be freely adjusted according to the use condition, for example, the cross-section of the whole core layer and the functional layer is rectangular, square, round, oval, triangular or other irregular shapes. In some embodiments, the functional layer has a thickness of 10 to 700 μm; preferably 50 to 300. Mu.m;

In some embodiments, the first polymer comprises at least one of methyl methacrylate, fluororesin-modified polymethyl methacrylate, cyclic olefin copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, polyphenylene oxide, chlorinated polyether, benzenesulfone, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, acrylic plastic;

In some embodiments, the photoluminescent material has a particle size of 0.05-50 μm, and the first polymer is doped with the photoluminescent material to obtain a mixture, wherein the photoluminescent material in the mixture has a mass fraction of 1% -70%.

In some embodiments, the particle size of the photoluminescent material is preferably 0.1-30 μm, and the mass fraction of photoluminescent material in the mixture is preferably 5-50%.

In some embodiments, the material of the base layer is a second polymer comprising at least one of methyl methacrylate, fluororesin-modified polymethyl methacrylate, cyclic olefin copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene dimethyl methacrylate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride.

In some embodiments, one end face of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is provided with an antireflection film, the other end face is provided with an antireflection film, and one end of the antireflection film is coupled with a laser light source; or the two end surfaces of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber are respectively provided with an antireflection film, and the two end surfaces of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber are respectively coupled with a laser light source.

Specifically, the antireflection film and the reflection enhancing film are prepared by a coating process, and the coating process comprises, but is not limited to, a magnetron sputtering method, an electroless plating method, an electroplating method and the like. Because the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber comprises a core layer and a photoluminescent layer coated on the periphery of the core layer, an antireflection film or a reflection-increasing film is arranged on the end face of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, namely, the end faces of the core layer and the photoluminescent layer are provided with the antireflection film or the reflection-increasing film.

The end face of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber needs to be coupled with a light source, wherein the light source comprises an LED light source and a laser light source, the light-emitting wave band of the light source is overlapped with the excitation wave band of photoluminescent powder, the power of the light source can be adjusted at will, and the coupling mode of the light source comprises direct coupling and lens coupling. The end face of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is coupled with the light source by utilizing the lens system, and the light wave band of the light source entering the side-emitting fiber can be changed by inserting a frequency doubling effect element or other light frequency adjusting elements into the lens system, so that the superposition part of the incident light wave band and the excitation wave band of photoluminescent powder can be regulated and controlled.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a preparation method of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber, which can prepare the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber by adopting a hot stretching method, a coating method and other methods, and comprises the following steps:

s1, blending a first polymer and a photoluminescent material to obtain a photoluminescent composite material;

s2, preparing a preform by using the photoluminescent composite material;

s3, preparing a side-emitting optical fiber;

s4, forming a through hole on the preform, enabling the side-emitting optical fiber to pass through the through hole, and then performing hot drawing on the preform by using a hot drawing method to obtain the controllable light guide color-changing fiber.

Specifically, the photoluminescent composite material can uniformly compound the photoluminescent material and the first polymer material by using a sol-gel method, a physicochemical blending method and an in-situ polymerization method to obtain the photoluminescent composite material in a film state or a powder state.

The prefabricated rod can be prepared by methods such as film winding, hot pressing, extrusion molding, 3D printing, mechanical cold working, assembling, heat curing and the like; the side-emitting optical fiber can be a polymer side-emitting optical fiber or a glass side-emitting optical fiber, wherein the polymer side-emitting optical fiber can be obtained through a hot stretching method, a melt spinning method, a coating method, a coextrusion method and other processes; the glass side luminous optical fiber can be obtained by chemical vapor deposition; when the side light-emitting optical fiber is a glass side light-emitting optical fiber, the center of the preform rod containing the photoluminescent layer is a through hole, and the glass side light-emitting optical fiber is required to be continuously fed into the central hole in the fiber drawing process; the glass side luminous optical fiber does not participate in softening in the hot stretching process and only participates in mechanical co-stretching, the glass side luminous optical fiber does not participate in softening means that the cross section size and shape of the glass side luminous optical fiber cannot change in the hot stretching process, the glass side luminous optical fiber only participates in mechanical co-stretching means that the glass side luminous optical fiber can synchronously move along with the movement of the optical fiber, and the glass side luminous optical fiber and the optical fiber extend in the same direction; the polymer side luminescent fiber softens and is thermally co-drawn with the photoluminescent layer and cladding material during fiber hot stretching.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 7, it is shown that the preform may be formed by film winding followed by thermosetting.

In some embodiments, a method of preparing a controllable light guide color-changing fiber comprises the steps of:

s1, adding a first polymer into a solvent, then adding a photoluminescent material, and mixing to obtain a photoluminescent composite coating solution;

s2, preparing a side-emitting optical fiber;

and S3, coating the photoluminescent composite coating liquid on the surface of the side-emitting optical fiber, and curing to obtain the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber.

Specifically, in the above embodiments, the curing is performed by using ultraviolet or heat curing.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a light-guiding color-changing fiber fabric which is obtained by weaving warp yarns and weft yarns, wherein at least one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns is the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a light guide color-changing fiber integrated fiber bundle or yarn which is prepared by bonding or twisting the end surfaces of the at least two controllable light guide color-changing fibers.

The application combines the side light-emitting technology and the photoluminescence technology, prepares the controllable photochromic fiber with the core layer being the side light-emitting fiber and the functional layer being the photoluminescence layer through the fiber thermal drawing technology, and uniformly scatters light with a certain wavelength through the side light-emitting fiber by coupling a light source to the fiber end face and causes the wavelength to excite the luminescent layer to emit light to change color, and finally, the light-emitting color of the fiber can be changed through adjusting the power of the light source. The photochromic fiber which can rapidly respond, change the polychromatic system and randomly regulate and control the color change can be realized by realizing polychromatic light emission in a single fiber and changing parameters such as coupling power, wavelength and the like of a light source, so that the photochromic fiber is applied to the fields of anti-counterfeiting, military camouflage, fashion clothing, display and the like.

The preparation method of the controllable light guide color-changing fiber and the preparation method of the electrochromic fabric are further described in specific examples below.

Example 1

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber (particularly a single-core red photoluminescent fiber), which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a photoluminescent composite material:

a) The method comprises the steps of selecting fluororesin particles of Jiangxi Dasheng plastic optical fiber limited company, taking inorganic red anti-counterfeiting fluorescent powder of Guangdong Hua Na-Si industry limited company as red photoluminescent powder, and respectively weighing 50g of the fluororesin particles and 8.82g of the red photoluminescent powder;

b) And a miniature double-screw extrusion device SJZS-10B of the Wuhan Rui laboratory instrument Co is selected for extrusion blending of the fluororesin particles and the red photoluminescent powder. Starting a double-screw extrusion device, setting a basic temperature, setting a first area temperature control to 160 ℃, setting a second area temperature control to 180 ℃, setting a third area temperature control to 185 ℃, respectively pouring weighed fluororesin particles and red photoluminescent powder into a particle feeding device (namely a first feeding hopper in the device) and a powder feeding device (namely a second feeding hopper in the device) after the temperatures of all areas are raised to the set temperature, rotating a handle according to the indication direction of the device to ensure that the interior of the device is fully and uniformly heated, finally starting the device, setting a main machine to be manually adjusted in rotating speed, setting a feeding area to be automatically adjusted in rotating speed, and carrying out speed matching adjustment on the two parts; and finally extruding the composite material at a discharge hole die head, placing the extruded fiber on an air cooling device for cooling, rolling the extruded fiber by a rolling machine, granulating the rolled fiber in a plastic granulator, and then placing the granulated fiber in a granule hopper for circular extrusion, wherein the red photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite material granules which are fully and uniformly mixed can be obtained after repeated for many times, namely the photoluminescent composite material.

S2, preparing a red light photoluminescence preform:

a) Preparing a red light photoluminescence composite material film: the power supply of the hot press is turned on, the temperatures of an upper die and a lower die of the hot press are set to 160 ℃, and when the temperature displayed by the temperature controller reaches the target temperature, a square Teflon film with the thickness of 0.3mm is placed on a stainless steel plate in the hot press;

b) Spreading red light photoluminescence powder/fluororesin composite material particles in the step S1 on a Teflon film, and then covering a layer of Teflon film and a stainless steel plate with the same size and thickness on the Teflon film; prepressing the composite material particles for 1 minute under the pressure of 0.3MPa to soften the composite material particles, then gradually pressurizing to 2MPa, 5MPa, 15MPa and 25MPa, wherein the interval time is about 30s, maintaining the temperature and pressure for about 15 minutes after pressurizing to 25MPa, and finally cooling to obtain the red-light photoluminescence composite material film with the thickness of 200 mu m;

c) Preparing a fluororesin film: hot-pressing the fluororesin pellets in the same manner as in b), to prepare a fluororesin film having a film thickness of 200 μm;

d) Selecting a side light-emitting optical fiber of Jiangxi Dasheng plastic optical fiber limited company as a polymer side light-emitting optical fiber of the example, cutting a section of polymer side light-emitting optical fiber with the diameter of 10mm and the length of 100mm, cutting the red light photoluminescence composite material film and the fluororesin film into a rectangle with the length of 100mm and the width of a plurality of millimeters, firstly winding the red light photoluminescence composite material film on the polymer side light-emitting optical fiber, and then performing thermosetting in a muffle furnace at the thermosetting temperature of 190 ℃ for 10 minutes to obtain a prefabricated rod with the diameter of 12.5mm and containing the red light photoluminescence material; and winding the fluororesin film on the preform containing the red-light photoluminescent material, and performing thermosetting in a muffle furnace at 190 ℃ for 10 minutes to finally obtain the red-light luminescent preform with the diameter of 14mm, wherein the thickness of the photoluminescent layer is 2.5mm, and the thickness of the outer cladding (namely the fluororesin film finally wound on the preform) is 1.5mm.

S3, preparing a red photoluminescent fiber:

a) Drilling a through hole with the aperture of 1mm along the radial direction by using a bench drill at the position 2mm away from the bottom of the red light photoluminescence preformed rod prepared in the step S2, and hanging weights so as to enable the stress of a material head to descend at a uniform speed during hot drawing, wherein the weight of the hung weights in the experiment is 10g; fixing one end of the prefabricated rod, which is not perforated, above a furnace chamber by using a prefabricated rod clamp, setting the temperature of a preheating zone and the temperature of a heating zone of a low-temperature furnace to be 200 ℃ and 280 ℃ respectively, after the temperature rises to the set temperature, discharging the prefabricated rod to a furnace mouth to enable the perforation position at the tail end of the prefabricated rod to be flush with the furnace mouth, then adjusting the prefabricated rod to be positioned at the center of the furnace mouth so as to ensure that the prefabricated rod is heated uniformly in the furnace chamber, closing the upper furnace mouth to prevent heat diffusion, and finally fixing the length of the lower rod to 170mm to heat the lower rod of the prefabricated rod to the heating zone of the low-temperature furnace; after about 10 minutes, the stub bar with the weight hung thereon gradually drops downwards, when the stub bar drops to the position of the tensiometer, the stub bar is wound on the tensiometer and is pulled to the traction device, the traction wheel is closed, the rod feeding speed is adjusted to be 0.2mm/min, the wire drawing speed is adjusted to be 0.16m/min, and finally the red-light photoluminescent fiber with the diameter of 500 mu m is obtained by drawing;

b) Cutting a section of red light photoluminescent fiber with the length of 100cm, coating the end face of the fiber with an antireflection film, and coating the other end with a total reflection film. As the excitation wavelength of the photoluminescence powder is 365nm-405nm, the laser light source with the wavelength of 395nm-415nm is directly coupled at the end face of the fiber plating antireflection film, and the prepared fiber can uniformly emit red light under the excitation of the light source. The red photoluminescent fiber after coupling to the light source was subjected to spectral testing with a steady state/transient fluorescence spectrometer, and the resulting spectral diagram is shown with reference to fig. 9. As can be seen from fig. 9, the red wavelength range 622 to 770nm is met at the absorption peak at 650 nm.

Example 2

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber (particularly a single-core green photoluminescent fiber), which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a photoluminescent composite material:

a) Inorganic green anti-counterfeiting fluorescent powder of Guangdong sodium Si industry Co., ltd. Is selected as green photoluminescent powder, 50g of fluororesin particles and 8.82g of green photoluminescent powder are weighed respectively, and green photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite particles are prepared according to the same method as in example 1.

S2, preparing a green photoluminescence preform:

a) Green photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite material particles are put into a mold, the mold is 100mm long, 16mm wide and 16mm high, the mold is a stainless steel groove, and the periphery of the groove is coated with a Teflon film to prevent the adhesion between a polymer material after heat softening and the mold; covering the upper side and the lower side of a die in which the composite material particles are placed with a Teflon film and a steel plate, so as to ensure that the pressure born by the material is uniform in the hot pressing process of a hot press; the temperature of the upper die and the lower die of the hot press is set to 160 ℃, the composite material particles are preheated for 3min under the pressure of 0.3MPa, then the pressure is increased to 2MPa, and the steps are repeated until the green photoluminescence composite material preform is molded; after water cooling, taking out the preform rod and putting the preform rod into a vacuum drying oven for standby;

b) Preparing a fluororesin film: a fluororesin film was prepared in the same manner as in example 1;

c) Processing the green photoluminescence preform on a lathe, turning into a cylindrical preform with the diameter of 12mm, winding a fluororesin film on the cylindrical preform, performing thermosetting in a muffle furnace at the thermosetting temperature of 190 ℃ for about 10 minutes, and performing thermosetting forming to obtain the green photoluminescence preform with the diameter of 14mm, wherein the thickness of the fluororesin layer is 2mm;

d) And (3) vertically and axially punching the center of the thermosetting formed preform by using a bench drill, wherein the aperture is 5mm, and the hole axially penetrates through the whole preform.

S3, preparing green photoluminescent fibers:

a) Selecting a fiber optical fiber of Corning company as a glass side luminous optical fiber, dissolving a sheath layer of the fiber optical fiber by using a Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) solution before an experiment, wherein the diameter of the fiber optical fiber obtained after the dissolution is 225 mu m; in order to avoid the waste caused by the falling of the stub bar in the initial stage of the hot drawing and the continuous feeding of the fiber optic fiber into the hollow of the preform during the adjustment of the drawing parameters, the fiber drawing parameters are adjusted by using stainless steel wires instead of the fiber optic fiber. The specific operation is as follows: taking a section of fiber optical fiber, respectively connecting two ends of the fiber optical fiber with stainless steel wires with the length of about 2m (adopting a tin wire welding mode), and then winding the fiber optical fiber on a winding reel;

b) Drilling a through hole with the aperture of 1mm along the radial direction by using a bench drill at the position 2mm away from the bottom of the prepared green photoluminescence preformed rod at any end, and hanging weights so as to enable the stress of a material head to descend at a constant speed; placing a winding drum wound with a glass side luminous optical fiber above a low-temperature wire drawing device, binding a stainless steel wire connected with a fiber through an axial through hole in the center of a preform rod and a stainless steel wire hung with a weight of 10g after passing through a radial through hole near the bottom end, fixing the other end of the preform rod above a furnace chamber by using a preform rod clamp, respectively setting the temperature of a preheating zone and a heating zone of a low-temperature furnace to 200 ℃ and 280 ℃, feeding the fiber to a traction device after a stub falls, closing a traction wheel, starting a rod feeding speed to be 0.2mm/min, and finally drawing to obtain green-light photoluminescent fiber with the diameter being uniformly stabilized at about 500 mu m;

c) Cutting a section of green light emitting fiber with the length of 100cm, coating the end face of the fiber with an antireflection film on one end and a total reflection film on the other end. As the excitation wavelength of the photoluminescence powder is 365nm-405nm, the laser light source with the wavelength of 395nm-415nm is directly coupled at the end face of the fiber plating antireflection film, and the prepared fiber can uniformly emit green light under the excitation of the light source. The green photoluminescent fiber after coupling to the light source was subjected to spectral testing with a steady state/transient fluorescence spectrometer, and the resulting spectral diagram is shown with reference to fig. 10. It can be seen from FIG. 10 that the green wavelength range 492-577 nm is met at the absorption peak of 500 nm.

Specifically, fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a fiber thermal drawing apparatus used in the preparation process of the green photoluminescent fiber of example 2; wherein 31 is a preform clamp, 32 is a preform, 33 is a heating furnace, 34 is a calliper, 35 is a drawing device, 36 is a bobbin, 37 is a glass side light emitting optical fiber, and 38 is a drawn fiber.

Example 3

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber (particularly a single-core blue-light photoluminescent fiber), which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a photoluminescent composite material:

a) Inorganic blue anti-counterfeiting fluorescent powder of Guangdong sodium Si industry Co., ltd. Is selected as blue photoluminescent powder, 50g of fluororesin particles and 8.82g of blue photoluminescent powder are weighed respectively, and the blue photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite material particles are prepared according to the same method as in example 1.

S2, preparing a blue light photoluminescence preform:

a) Placing blue-light photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite material particles into a mold, wherein the mold is a stainless steel groove with the length of 100mm, the width of 16mm and the height of 16mm, and the periphery of the groove is coated with a Teflon film to prevent the polymer material after heat softening from adhering with the mold; covering the upper side and the lower side of a die in which the composite material particles are placed with a Teflon film and a steel plate, so as to ensure that the pressure born by the material is uniform in the hot pressing process of a hot press; the upper die temperature and the lower die temperature of the hot press are set to 160 ℃, the composite material particles are preheated for 3min under the pressure of 0.3MPa, then the pressure is increased to 2MPa, and the steps are repeated until the blue light photoluminescence composite material preform is molded; after water cooling, taking out the preform rod and putting the preform rod into a vacuum drying oven for standby;

b) Processing the blue light photoluminescence composite material cuboid preform on a lathe, and turning into a cylindrical preform with the diameter of 12.5 mm; processing the turned cylindrical preform on a drilling machine, and drilling a through hole with the diameter of 10mm from one end surface of the cylindrical preform; sawing the obtained hollow cylindrical preform into two sections along the axial direction of the side surface by using a saw to obtain two hollow semi-cylindrical cladding layers of the blue light photoluminescence composite material; c) Preparation of a fluororesin coating: the fluororesin hollow semi-cylindrical cladding with the same external dimension as the blue light photoluminescence composite hollow semi-cylindrical cladding is prepared according to the method in the a) and the b);

d) Preparing a fluororesin film: a fluororesin film was prepared in the same manner as in example 1; cutting the fluororesin film into a rectangle with the length of 100mm and the width of several millimeters;

e) A side light-emitting optical fiber of Jiangxi Dasheng plastic optical fiber limited company is selected as a polymer side light-emitting optical fiber of the example, a section of polymer side light-emitting optical fiber with the diameter of 10mm and the length of 100mm is cut, a blue light photoluminescence composite material cladding and a fluorine resin cladding are spliced into a complete hollow cylinder and sleeved on the side light-emitting optical fiber, a raw adhesive tape is wound on the outer side of the side light-emitting optical fiber for thermosetting in a muffle furnace, and various parameters of thermosetting are the same as those of the example 1; performing secondary thermosetting on a round fluororesin film with the winding length of 100mm after thermosetting forming, wherein the thermosetting temperature and time are as above, and finally obtaining a blue light-emitting preform with the diameter of 14mm, wherein the thickness of a half blue light photoluminescent layer is 2.5mm, the thickness of a half fluororesin layer is 2.5mm, and the thickness of an outer cladding fluororesin layer is 1.5mm; and (5) placing the prepared blue light-emitting preform into a vacuum drying oven for standby.

S3, preparing blue light photoluminescence fibers:

a) Taking out the prepared blue light photoluminescence preformed rod from a drying box, drilling a through hole with the aperture of 1mm along the radial direction at the position 2mm away from the bottom of the rod at any end of the preformed rod by using a bench drill, and hanging weights so as to enable the stress of a stub bar to descend at a constant speed; placing a winding reel above a low-temperature wire drawing device, binding a stainless steel wire with a stainless steel wire suspending a weight of 10g together by penetrating through a radial through hole of the prefabricated rod near the bottom end, and then fixing the other end of the prefabricated rod above a furnace chamber by using a prefabricated rod clamp; the temperature of a preheating zone and a heating zone of the low-temperature furnace are respectively set to 200 ℃ and 280 ℃, after a stub bar falls, the fiber is sent to a traction device, a rod feeding is started after a traction wheel is closed, the rod feeding speed is set to be 0.2mm/min, the wire drawing speed is set to be 0.16m/min, and finally, the blue-light photoluminescent fiber with the diameter being uniformly stabilized to about 500 mu m is obtained through drawing;

b) Cutting a section of blue light luminous fiber with the length of 100cm, coating the end face of the fiber with an antireflection film at one end and a total reflection film at the other end; as the excitation wavelength of the photoluminescence powder is 365nm-405nm, the laser light source with the wavelength of 395nm-415nm is directly coupled at the end face of the fiber plating antireflection film, and the prepared fiber can uniformly emit blue light under the excitation of the light source. The blue photoluminescent fiber after coupling with the light source was subjected to spectral testing with a steady state/transient fluorescence spectrometer, and the resulting spectral diagram is shown with reference to fig. 11. As can be seen from FIG. 11, the blue wavelength range 440 to 475nm is met at the absorption peak at 450 nm.

Example 4

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber (particularly a single-core red light and green light double-color photoluminescent fiber), which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a photoluminescent composite material:

a) Raw materials of the same manufacturer as the above example are selected, and 50g of fluororesin particles and 8.82g of red light photoluminescent powder are respectively weighed; and 50g of fluororesin particles, 8.82g of green photoluminescent powder, red photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite particles and green photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite particles were produced in the same manner as in example 1.

S2, preparing a red light and green light bicolor photoluminescence prefabricated rod:

a) According to the method in the embodiment 3, a red light photoluminescence composite material hollow semi-cylindrical cladding and a green light photoluminescence composite material hollow semi-cylindrical cladding are respectively prepared;

b) Preparing a fluororesin film: a fluororesin film was prepared in the same manner as in example 1; cutting the fluororesin film into a rectangle with the length of 100mm and the width of several millimeters;

c) A side light-emitting optical fiber of Jiangxi Dasheng plastic optical fiber limited company is selected as a polymer side light-emitting optical fiber of the example, a section of polymer side light-emitting optical fiber with the diameter of 10mm and the length of 100mm is cut, a red light photoluminescence composite material hollow semi-cylindrical cladding and a green light photoluminescence composite material hollow semi-cylindrical cladding are spliced into a complete hollow cylinder and sleeved on the side light-emitting optical fiber, a winding adhesive tape is wound on the outer side of the side light-emitting optical fiber for thermosetting in a muffle furnace, and the thermosetting temperature is 190 ℃ and the thermosetting time is 10 minutes; performing secondary thermosetting on the round fluororesin film with the winding length of 100mm after thermosetting forming, wherein the thermosetting temperature is 190 ℃, and the thermosetting time is 10 minutes; finally, the red light and green light double-color photoluminescence prefabricated rod with the diameter of 14mm is obtained, wherein the thickness of the half-side red light photoluminescence layer is 2.5mm, the thickness of the half-side green light photoluminescence layer is 2.5mm, and the thickness of the outer cladding fluororesin is 1.5mm. And (5) placing the prepared red light and green light double-color luminescent prefabricated rod into a vacuum drying oven for standby.

S3, preparing red light and green light double-color photoluminescent fibers:

a) Taking out the prepared red light and green light double-color photoluminescence preformed rod from a drying box, drilling a through hole with the aperture of 1mm along the radial direction at the position 2mm away from the bottom of the preformed rod at any end of the preformed rod by using a bench drill, and hanging weights so as to enable the stress of a stub bar to descend at a constant speed; the bobbin is arranged above the low-temperature wire drawing device, the stainless steel wire passes through a radial through hole near the bottom end of the preform rod and is bound with the stainless steel wire suspending the weight of 10g, and then the other end of the preform rod is fixed above the furnace chamber by a preform rod clamp. The temperature of a preheating zone and a heating zone of the low-temperature furnace are respectively set to 200 ℃ and 280 ℃, after a stub bar falls, the fiber is sent to a traction device, a rod feeding is started after a traction wheel is closed, the rod feeding speed is set to be 0.2mm/min, the wire drawing speed is set to be 0.16m/min, and finally red-light and green-light double-color photoluminescent fibers with the diameters being uniformly stabilized to about 500 mu m are obtained through drawing;

b) A section of red light and green light double-color photoluminescent fiber with the length of 100cm is cut, the end face of the fiber is subjected to film plating treatment, one end is plated with an antireflection film, and the other end is plated with a total reflection film. The photoluminescence powder has excitation wavelength of 365nm-405nm, and the laser light source with wavelength of 395nm-415nm is directly coupled to the end surface of the fiber coating antireflection film, so that the prepared fiber can uniformly emit red and green light under the excitation of the light source, and the luminous brightness of the fiber can be changed by changing the power or the central wavelength of the coupled light source, thereby synthesizing different fiber colors.

Example 5

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber (particularly a single-core red light, green light and blue light three-color photoluminescent fiber), which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a photoluminescent composite material:

a) Raw materials of the same manufacturer as the above example are selected, and 50g of fluororesin particles and 8.82g of red light photoluminescent powder are respectively weighed; 50g of fluorine resin particles and 8.82g of green photoluminescent powder; 50g of fluorine resin particles and 8.82g of blue photoluminescent powder; red photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite particles, green photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite particles, blue photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite particles were produced in the same manner as in example 1.

S2, preparing a red light, green light and blue light three-color photoluminescence preform rod:

a) Respectively preparing a red light photoluminescence composite material film, a green light photoluminescence composite material film and a blue light photoluminescence composite material film according to the method in the embodiment 1; cutting the obtained composite material film into a rectangle with the length of 100mm and the width of a plurality of millimeters;

c) A side light-emitting optical fiber of Jiangxi Dasheng plastic optical fiber limited company is selected as a polymer side light-emitting optical fiber of the example, a section of polymer side light-emitting optical fiber with the diameter of 10mm and the length of 100mm is cut, a red light photoluminescence composite material film is wound on the polymer side light-emitting optical fiber for one third of the week and then is thermoset in a muffle furnace, the thermoset temperature is 190 ℃, and the thermoset time is 10 minutes; then winding the green photoluminescence composite material film on a polymer side luminescent optical fiber for another third of the time, and then performing thermosetting in a muffle furnace, wherein the thermosetting temperature is 190 ℃, and the thermosetting time is 10 minutes; finally, winding the blue-light photoluminescence composite material film on the polymer side luminescent fiber for the last third of the period, and then performing thermosetting in a muffle furnace, wherein the thermosetting temperature is 190 ℃, the thermosetting time is 10 minutes, and repeating the steps until the thickness of the luminescent layer is 2.5mm; after the luminescent layer is thermoset and formed, the round fluororesin film with the winding length of 100mm is thermoset for a second time, the thermoset temperature is 190 ℃, the thermoset time is 10 minutes, and finally the red, green and blue three-color photoluminescence prefabricated rod with the diameter of 14mm is obtained, wherein the thickness of the photoluminescence layer is 2.5mm, and the thickness of the outer cladding layer is 1.5mm. And (5) placing the prepared red, green and blue photoluminescent preformed bars into a vacuum drying oven for standby.

S3, preparing photoluminescent fibers of red light, green light and blue Guan Sanse:

a) Taking out the prepared red, green and blue three-color photoluminescence preformed bars from a drying box, drilling a through hole with the aperture of 1mm along the radial direction at the position 2mm away from the bottom of the bar at any end of the preformed bar by using a bench drill, and hanging weights so as to enable the stress of a stub bar to descend at a constant speed; placing a winding reel above a low-temperature wire drawing device, binding a stainless steel wire with a 10g weight hanging stainless steel wire together by penetrating through a radial through hole of a preform near the lower end, fixing the other end of the preform above a furnace chamber by using a preform clamp, respectively setting the temperature of a preheating zone and a heating zone of the low-temperature furnace to 200 ℃ and 280 ℃, feeding fibers to a traction device after a stub bar falls, closing a traction wheel, starting a rod feeding, setting the rod feeding speed to 0.2mm/min and the wire drawing speed to 0.16m/min, and finally drawing to obtain red light, green light and blue Guan Sanse photoluminescent fibers with the diameters uniformly stabilized at 500 mu m;

b) And (3) cutting a section of red light, green light and blue Guan Sanse photoluminescent fibers with the length of 100cm, coating the end faces of the fibers with an antireflection film, and coating the other end with a total reflection film. The photoluminescence powder has excitation wavelength of 365nm-405nm, and the laser light source with wavelength of 395nm-415nm is directly coupled to the end surface of the fiber coating antireflection film, so that the prepared fiber can uniformly emit red and green light under the excitation of the light source, and the luminous brightness of the fiber can be changed by changing the power or the central wavelength of the coupled light source, thereby synthesizing different fiber colors.

Example 6

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber (specifically a double-core red light and green light double-color photoluminescent fiber), which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a photoluminescent composite material:

a) Respectively weighing 50g of fluorine resin particles and 8.82g of red light photoluminescent powder; 50g of fluorine resin particles and 8.82g of green photoluminescent powder; red photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite particles, green photoluminescent powder/fluororesin composite particles were produced in the same manner as in example 1.

S2, preparing a dual-core red light and green light dual-color photoluminescence preform rod:

a) Preparation of a fluororesin preform: placing fluorine resin particles into a mould, wherein the length of the mould is 100mm, the width of the mould is 16mm, and the height of the mould is 16mm, the mould is a stainless steel groove, and the periphery of the groove is coated with a Teflon film to prevent the polymer material after heat softening from adhering with the mould; covering the upper side and the lower side of a mould in which the fluorine resin particles are placed with a Teflon film and a steel plate, so as to ensure that the pressure born by the material is uniform in the hot pressing process of a hot press; the temperature of the upper die and the lower die of the hot press is set to 160 ℃, the fluororesin particles are preheated for 3min under the pressure of 0.3MPa, then the pressure is increased to 2MPa, the steps are repeated until the fluororesin preform is molded, a square fluororesin preform is obtained, and after water cooling, the preform is taken out and put into a vacuum drying oven for standby;

b) Respectively preparing a red light photoluminescence composite material film and a green light photoluminescence composite material film according to the method in the embodiment 1; cutting the obtained composite material film into a rectangle with the length of 100mm and the width of a plurality of millimeters;

c) Cutting two sections of polymer side luminous optical fibers with the diameter of 3.5mm and the length of 100mm, respectively winding a red photoluminescence composite material film and a green photoluminescence composite material film on the two sections of side luminous optical fibers, and performing thermosetting in a muffle furnace at the thermosetting temperature of 190 ℃ for 10 minutes, wherein the diameter of a preform obtained after thermosetting forming is 5mm;

d) Turning the prepared square fluororesin prefabricated rod into a cylindrical prefabricated rod by using a turning machine, wherein the diameter of the cylindrical prefabricated rod is 14mm, and then vertically and axially drilling two symmetrical through holes on the cylindrical prefabricated rod by using a bench drill, and the diameter of the holes is 5mm; finally, two side luminous optical fibers are respectively thermoset with the red and green photoluminescent films to obtain two preformed bars with the diameter of 5mm, and are respectively inserted into two 5mm holes of the fluororesin bar, and are put into a muffle furnace again to be thermoset for 15 minutes at 190 ℃, so that the final double-core red and green photoluminescent preformed bars can be obtained.

S3, preparing double-core red light and green light double-color photoluminescent fibers:

a) Taking out the prepared double-core red and green photoluminescent preformed rod from the drying oven, drilling a through hole with a bench drill along the radial direction at the position 2mm away from the bottom of the preformed rod at any end of the preformed rod, wherein the aperture is 1mm, and the preformed rod is used for hanging a 10g weight so as to enable a stub bar to drop under the stress at a uniform speed, and then fixing the other end of the preformed rod above a furnace chamber by using a preformed rod clamp. The temperature of a preheating zone and a heating zone of the low-temperature furnace are respectively set to 200 ℃ and 280 ℃, after a stub bar falls, the fiber is sent to a traction device, a rod feeding is started after a traction wheel is closed, the rod feeding speed is set to be 0.2mm/min, the wire drawing speed is set to be 0.08m/min, and finally, the double-core red-light and green-light double-color photoluminescent fiber with the diameter being uniformly stabilized at about 700 mu m is obtained by drawing;

b) A section of double-core red light and green light double-color photoluminescent fiber with the length of 100cm is cut, the end face of the fiber is subjected to film plating treatment, one end is plated with an antireflection film, and the other end is plated with a total reflection film. As the excitation wavelength of the two photoluminescence powders is 365nm-405nm, the laser light source with the wavelength of 395nm-415nm is directly coupled at the end face of the fiber plating antireflection film, the prepared fiber can uniformly emit red and green light under the excitation of the light source, and the luminous brightness of the fiber can be changed by changing the power or the central wavelength of the coupled light source, so that different fiber colors can be synthesized.

Example 7

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber (particularly a three-core red light, green light and blue light three-color photoluminescent fiber), which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a photoluminescent composite material:

S2, preparing three-core red light, green light and blue light three-color photoluminescence prefabricated bars:

a) Preparation of a fluororesin preform: placing fluorine resin particles into a mould, wherein the length of the mould is 100mm, the width of the mould is 22mm, and the height of the mould is 22mm, the mould is a stainless steel groove, and the periphery of the groove is coated with a Teflon film to prevent the polymer material after heat softening from adhering with the mould; covering the upper side and the lower side of a mould in which the fluorine resin particles are placed with a Teflon film and a steel plate, so as to ensure that the pressure born by the material is uniform in the hot pressing process of a hot press; the temperature of the upper die and the lower die of the hot press is set to 160 ℃, the fluororesin particles are preheated for 3min under the pressure of 0.3MPa, then the pressure is increased to 2MPa, the steps are repeated until the fluororesin preform is molded, a cuboid fluororesin preform is obtained, and after water cooling, the preform is taken out and put into a vacuum drying oven for standby;

b) Respectively preparing a red light photoluminescence composite material film, a green light photoluminescence composite material film and a blue light photoluminescence composite material film according to the method in the embodiment 1; cutting the obtained composite material film into a rectangle;

c) Respectively winding a red light photoluminescence composite material film, a green light photoluminescence composite material film and a blue light photoluminescence composite material film on three Teflon rods with the diameter of 4.5mm, and performing thermosetting in a muffle furnace, wherein the thermosetting temperature is 190 ℃, the thermosetting time is 10 minutes, and the diameter of a preformed rod after thermosetting forming is 6.5mm, namely the thickness of a photoluminescence layer is 2.5mm, and the central aperture formed by the Teflon rods is 4.5mm;

d) Turning the prepared cuboid fluorine resin preform into a cylindrical preform with the diameter of 20mm by using a turning machine, and then drilling three symmetrical through holes with the diameter of 6.5mm on any one end face of the cylindrical preform by using a bench drill along the axial direction; the red, green and blue photoluminescent layers obtained in c) are respectively placed in three holes of a fluorine resin preform, and 4.5mm Teflon rods are respectively placed in the holes with the inner 4.5mm of the three photoluminescent layers so as to ensure that the shape of the holes does not change in the thermosetting process, the holes are placed in a muffle furnace and are thermoset at 190 ℃ for 10 minutes, and the Teflon rods are taken out after thermosetting forming.

S3, preparing three-core red light, green light and blue light photoluminescent fibers:

a) Selecting a fiber optic fiber of Corning company as a glass side light emitting fiber, treating the fiber optic fiber according to the method described in example 2 and connecting about 2m stainless steel wires at both ends of the fiber optic fiber respectively to avoid waste of material, and finally preparing three identical bobbins containing fiber optic fiber;

b) Taking out the three-core red light, green light and blue light three-color photoluminescence preformed rod from the drying box, drilling a through hole with a bench drill along the radial direction at the position 2mm away from the bottom of the preformed rod at any end of the preformed rod, wherein the aperture is 1mm, and the three-core red light, green light and blue light three-color photoluminescence preformed rod is used for hanging weights so as to enable the stress of a stub bar to descend at a uniform speed. Three bobbins are placed above the low-temperature wire drawing device, the original stainless steel wires of the three bobbins respectively penetrate through three 4.5mm holes of the prefabricated rod and are bound with the stainless steel wires suspending 10g weights, and then the other end of the prefabricated rod is fixed above the furnace chamber by a prefabricated rod clamp. The temperature of a preheating zone and a heating zone of the low-temperature furnace are respectively set to 200 ℃ and 280 ℃, after a stub bar falls, the fiber is sent to a traction device, a rod is sent after a traction wheel is closed, the rod sending speed is set to be 0.2mm/min, the wire drawing speed is set to be 0.08m/min, and finally, red-light, green-light and blue-light three-color photoluminescent fibers with the diameters being uniformly stabilized to about 1mm are obtained through drawing;

c) A section of red light, green light and blue light photoluminescent fiber with the length of 100cm is cut off, the end face of the fiber is subjected to film plating treatment, one end of the fiber is plated with an antireflection film, and the other end of the fiber is plated with a total reflection film. The three photoluminescence powders are excited to have the wavelength of 365nm-405nm, and the laser light source with the wavelength of 395nm-415nm is directly coupled at the end face of the fiber plating antireflection film, so that the prepared fiber can uniformly emit light with three colors of red, green and blue under the excitation of the light source, and the luminous brightness of the fiber can be changed by changing the power or the central wavelength of the coupled light source, so that different fiber colors can be synthesized.

Example 8

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber (red photoluminescent fiber), which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing photoluminescent composite coating liquid:

a) Raw materials of the same manufacturer as the above example are selected, and 50g of fluororesin particles and 8.82g of red light photoluminescent powder are respectively weighed;

b) Pouring the weighed fluororesin particles into a beaker, weighing 200ml of dimethylacetamide for mixing, and placing the beaker on a heating table of a magnetic stirrer for uniform mixing after the mixing is finished to prepare a polymer solution, wherein the heating temperature is 80 ℃, and the stirring speed of the stirrer is 260r/min.

c) Mixing at the above temperature and rotation speed for 1 hour, pouring the weighed red photoluminescent powder into a beaker and stirring for 2 hours.

d) After the stirring is finished, the mouth of the beaker is sealed by tinfoil, and the beaker is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning instrument to eliminate residual bubbles, so that the red photoluminescent powder/fluororesin/dimethylacetamide solution is finally prepared.

S2, preparing a side-emitting optical fiber preform:

a) Preparing a fluororesin film: a fluororesin film was prepared in the same manner as in example 1; cutting the fluororesin film into a rectangle with the length of 100mm and the width of several millimeters;

b) Selecting a side light-emitting optical fiber of Jiangxi Dasheng plastic optical fiber limited company as a polymer side light-emitting optical fiber of the example, cutting a section of polymer side light-emitting optical fiber with the diameter of 10mm and the length of 100mm, winding the cut fluororesin film on the outer side of the side light-emitting optical fiber, wrapping a raw adhesive tape on the outer side for thermosetting, wherein the thermosetting temperature is 190 ℃, and the thermosetting time is 10 minutes; finally, the side-emitting optical fiber preform with the diameter of 14mm is obtained, wherein the thickness of the outer cladding fluororesin is 2mm. And placing the prepared side-emitting optical fiber preform into a vacuum drying oven for standby.

S3, preparing a red photoluminescent fiber:

a) Taking out the prepared side-emitting optical fiber preform from a drying oven, drilling a through hole with the aperture of 1mm along the radial direction by using a bench drill at the position 2mm away from the bottom of the preform at any end of the preform, and hanging weights so as to enable the stress of a stub bar to descend at a constant speed; the bobbin is arranged above the low-temperature wire drawing device, the stainless steel wire passes through a radial through hole near the bottom end of the preform rod and is bound with the stainless steel wire suspending the weight of 10g, and then the other end of the preform rod is fixed above the furnace chamber by a preform rod clamp. The temperature of a preheating zone and a heating zone of the low-temperature furnace are respectively set to 200 ℃ and 280 ℃, after a stub bar falls, the fiber is sent to a traction device, a rod feeding is started after a traction wheel is closed, the rod feeding speed is set to be 0.2mm/min, the wire drawing speed is set to be 0.16m/min, and finally the side-emitting optical fiber with the diameter being uniformly stabilized to about 500 mu m is obtained through drawing;

b) And placing the photoluminescence composite coating liquid prepared previously into a coating device, passing the side-emitting optical fiber obtained by hot drawing through the coating cup to obtain a photochromic layer fiber with the surface coated with red photoluminescence powder/fluororesin/dimethylacetamide, and curing to obtain the photochromic fiber with the core-in-package structure.

c) Cutting a section of red light photoluminescent fiber with the length of 100cm, coating the end face of the fiber with an antireflection film, and coating the other end with a total reflection film. As the excitation wavelength of the photoluminescence powder is 365nm-405nm, the laser light source with the wavelength of 395nm-415nm is directly coupled at the end face of the fiber plating antireflection film, and the prepared fiber can uniformly emit red light under the excitation of the light source.

Specifically, fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of a fiber thermal drawing apparatus used in the preparation process of the red photoluminescent fiber in example 8; wherein 31 is a preform clamp, 32 is a preform, 33 is a heating furnace, 34 is a calliper, 35 is a drawing device, 86 is a coating cup, 87 is an ultraviolet curing furnace, and 38 is a drawn fiber.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The preparation method of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is characterized in that the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber comprises a core layer and a functional layer coated outside the core layer, wherein the core layer comprises at least one side light-emitting optical fiber, and the functional layer is a photoluminescence layer; the photoluminescence layer is prepared by doping a photoluminescence material with a first polymer;

The controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber also comprises a base layer, wherein the core layer and the functional layer are embedded in the base layer;

the preparation method of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber comprises the following steps:

preparing a preform by using the photoluminescent composite material;

preparing a side-emitting optical fiber;

a through hole is formed in the preform, the side-emitting optical fiber passes through the through hole, and then the preform is subjected to hot drawing by a hot drawing method, so that the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is prepared;

preparing a side-emitting optical fiber;

coating the photoluminescent composite coating liquid on the surface of the side-emitting optical fiber, and curing to obtain the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber;

one end face of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is provided with an antireflection film, the other end face of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber is provided with an antireflection film, and one end of the antireflection film is coupled with a laser source; or both end surfaces of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber are provided with antireflection films, and the two end surfaces of the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber are respectively coupled with a laser light source;

The first polymer is a fluororesin;

the material of the base layer is a second polymer, and the second polymer is fluororesin.

2. The method of making a controllable light guide color changing fiber according to claim 1, wherein at least one core layer is embedded in the base layer.

3. The method for preparing the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the core layer and the whole formed by the core layer and the functional layer is one of rectangle, square, circle, ellipse and triangle; the thickness of the functional layer is 10-700 mu m.

4. The method for preparing the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to claim 1, wherein the photoluminescent material is an organic photoluminescent material or an inorganic photoluminescent material;

5. The method for preparing the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the photoluminescent material is 0.05-50 μm, and the mixture is obtained after the photoluminescent material is doped with the first polymer, and the mass fraction of the photoluminescent material in the mixture is 1% -70%.

6. The method for preparing the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the photoluminescent material is 0.1-30 μm, and the mass fraction of the photoluminescent material in the mixture is 5% -50%.

7. The light-guiding color-changing fiber fabric is characterized in that the fabric is obtained by weaving warp yarns and weft yarns, wherein at least one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns is the controllable light-guiding color-changing fiber prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-6.