CN110205705A - A kind of thermochromism fiber, its preparation and application - Google Patents
A kind of thermochromism fiber, its preparation and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110205705A CN110205705A CN201910440622.9A CN201910440622A CN110205705A CN 110205705 A CN110205705 A CN 110205705A CN 201910440622 A CN201910440622 A CN 201910440622A CN 110205705 A CN110205705 A CN 110205705A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J3/00—Modifying the surface
Abstract
The invention belongs to functional fibre fields, more particularly, to a kind of thermochromism fiber, its preparation and application.The thermochromism fiber is the fiber with core pack arrangement, and the sandwich layer of the core pack arrangement is thermochromic layer, and covering is protective layer, and the covering is located at the outside of the sandwich layer；The thermochromic layer is prepared by using thermal softening fiber elongation method, specifically: the prefabricated rods of the thermochromic layer are first obtained, thermal softening wire drawing then is carried out to the prefabricated rods and obtains the thermochromic layer fiber；The thermal softening wire drawing is the thermal softening drawing process used in optical fiber preparation process.Drawing process is relative to existing thermochromism fiber producing processes; thermochromic material and polymeric substrate range of choice are wide; structure design diversification: different cross section structural fibers can be designed; and the distribution of different thermochromic materials in the fibre can be accurately controlled; high production efficiency is suitble to large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to functional fibre fields, more particularly, to a kind of thermochromism fiber, its preparation and application.
Background technique
People require material functional, intelligence degree also higher and higher, and textile garment function is to the market of demand
It is gradually expanded, controllable color change smart fabric has become the popular domain that scholars explore and study.In addition to beauty, intelligence becomes
Color clothes are combined with senser element can also reach the purpose of emotional expression, health monitoring.Chameleon fibre is intelligent color-changing fabric
Basis, the color of this material can change in the case where being stimulated by ambient light, heat, wet, electric etc..Chameleon fibre is most
It is early to originate from the U.S., a kind of photochromic fibre is developed to meet requirement of the U.S. army to fighting uniform.It is subsequent thermochromism, electroluminescent
The chameleon fibre of the mechanism such as discoloration, humectation discoloration, piezallochromy has also obtained continuous development.Wherein thermochromism fiber because
The cost of material is low, and the favor that preparation process is relatively easy and safe coefficient is higher and by vast researcher is also easier to
Received by investor and consumer.
A kind of thermochromism fiber is disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN105862169 can using solution spinning preparation
The spandex fibre of thermochromism, this method is simpler, but due to being directly added into thermochromic dye, fibre staining in the fibre
Property is not strong, and the fibrous mechanical property that solution spinning is prepared is bad, and structure is difficult to control.
A kind of preparation method of polychromatic fibre nanometer film is disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN109505061, it should
Tunica fibrosa is adopted by being added heat-sensitive variable colour microcapsules in the spinning solution being prepared by polyvinyl alcohol with aqueous polyurethane
It will be prepared with electrostatic spinning technique, the fiber of this method preparation exists with film morphology, not directly for weaving, and
And it is limited to prepare the selection of thermochromism fiber raw material in this way.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of thermochromism fibers, its preparation
And application, obtaining by using the thermal softening drawing process in optical fiber preparation process has core pack arrangement thermochromism fiber
Sandwich layer, thus solve prior art preparation thermochromism fibre structure it is single, preparation cost is high, raw material range of choice is limited and
The technical issues of technical problem that speed of production waits slowly.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of preparation method of thermochromism fiber is provided,
The thermochromism fiber is the fiber with core pack arrangement, and the sandwich layer of the core pack arrangement is thermochromic layer, and covering is protection
Layer, the covering are located at the outside of the sandwich layer；
The thermochromic layer is prepared by using thermal softening fiber elongation method, specifically:
The prefabricated rods of the thermochromic layer are first obtained, thermal softening wire drawing then is carried out to the prefabricated rods and obtains the thermotropic change
Chromatograph fiber.
Preferably, the material that the thermochromic layer uses includes that first polymer material doping thermochromic material obtains
Polymer matrix composite；For one or more can change with temperature color change occur for the thermochromic material
Organic or inorganic material；
The material that the protective layer uses includes second polymer material；
The first polymer material and second polymer material are transparent material；The first polymer material and second
Polymer material type is identical or different.
Preferably, the covering is total to wire drawing acquisition by implementing thermal softening with the thermochromic layer, specifically: first will
The thermochromic layer and the protective layer are processed into the prefabricated rods with core pack arrangement, so that the thermochromic layer is as core
Layer, the protective layer is as covering；Then wire drawing is total to by thermal softening and the thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement is made.
Preferably, the first polymer material and second polymer material are transparent thermoplastic material；Described first is poly-
Thermal softening wire drawing can be carried out simultaneously by closing object material and second polymer material；And its wire-drawing temperature is below the thermochromism
The tolerable temperature of material.
Preferably, the preparation method, includes the following steps:
(1) thermochromic material and first polymer material is compound, obtain thermochromic composite；
(2) thermochromic composite for obtaining step (1) and second polymer Material cladding, and machine-shaping, make
It obtains the thermochromic composite and is located at sandwich layer, the second polymer material is located at the covering of the sandwich layer, obtains core packet
Structure prefabricated rods；
(3) thermal softening is carried out to the core pack arrangement prefabricated rods that step (2) obtains and is total to wire drawing, it is fine to obtain the thermochromism
Dimension.
Preferably, after obtaining the thermochromic layer by thermal softening wire drawing, in the external coating of the thermochromic layer
The clad material obtains the thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement.
Preferably, described applied to the thermotropic change obtained using the coating processes in optical fiber preparation process to thermal softening wire drawing
Chromatograph fiber carries out the coating of protective layer material, specifically:
The second polymer material that the protective layer uses is placed in coating unit, thermal softening wire drawing is obtained thermotropic
Photochromic layer fiber obtains the thermochromic layer fiber that surface is coated with second polymer material after passing through the coating unit, solidification
The thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement is obtained afterwards.
Preferably, the preparation method, includes the following steps:
(1) thermochromic material and first polymer material is compound, obtain thermochromic composite；
(2) thermochromic composite for obtaining step (1) carries out thermal softening wire drawing as prefabricated rods, obtains thermotropic change
Chromatograph fiber；
(3) the thermochromic layer fiber for obtaining step (2) thermal softening wire drawing passes through under conditions of keeping drawing tensile force
In the coating unit for filling the second composite material of flow-like, the thermochromic layer fiber that surface is coated with protective layer material is obtained,
The thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement is obtained after solidification
Preferably, after obtaining the thermochromic layer by thermal softening wire drawing, pass through in the outside of the thermochromic layer
Clad material described in magnetron sputtering method, brushing or spray coating.
It is fine to provide the thermochromism that preparation method described in one kind is prepared for other side according to the invention
Dimension.
Other side according to the invention provides the application of thermochromism fiber described in one kind, which is characterized in that
It is used to prepare color-changeable fabric.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention provides a kind of thermal softening wire drawing preparation methods of thermochromism fiber, use in optical fiber preparation
Mature drawing process carries out thermal softening wire drawing to the sandwich layer of the thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement and is made.Drawing process
Relative to existing thermochromism fiber producing processes, thermochromic material and polymeric substrate range of choice are wide, structure design
Diversification: can design different cross section structural fibers, and can accurately control the distribution of different thermochromic materials in the fibre,
High production efficiency is suitble to large-scale production.
(2) thermochromism fiber provided by the invention has core pack arrangement, and covering can be protected well as protective layer
The thermochromism layer material of sandwich layer keeps color shifting properties, and core pack arrangement prefabricated rods can be made with sandwich layer, then pass through heat for covering
Softening wire drawing to be made, covering and the polymer material of sandwich layer selection are transparent thermoplastic material at this time, and fusing point is same or similar,
And it is lower than the tolerable temperature of the thermochromic material.The present invention is thermotropic respectively as this by selecting suitable polymer material
The sandwich layer and clad material of chameleon fibre, and thermochromic material is adulterated in the core, it is somebody's turn to do in conjunction with thermal softening drawing process
Completely new structure design can be good at ensuring the cyclical stability in sandwich layer thermochromic material use process.
(3) cladding structure of thermochromism fiber provided by the invention can also be by being made its sandwich layer in thermal softening wire drawing
Thermochromic layer fiber after, be prepared in the fiber surface by various coating processes.Such as it can be by using optical fiber
The coating processes used in preparation pass through thermochromic layer wire drawing fiber in the coating cup for filling clad material, so that fluid
Shape clad material is coated in thermochromic layer fiber surface, and it is fine that the thermochromism with core pack arrangement of the invention is obtained after solidification
Dimension；Certainly can also after obtaining thermochromic layer fiber, through other coating processes, such as spraying, brushing, magnetron sputtering or its
He obtains coating deposition technique.Using coating method when heat prepares cladding structure to photochromic layer fiber surface, what covering used
Polymer material range of choice is larger, including most of transparent polymer material.
(4) chameleon fibre of the prior art does not have covering i.e. protective layer, the chameleon fibre fibre core that the present invention obtains generally
Thermochromic composite is wrapped up by clad polymer material and being protected, and surface flatness is high, and has certain stability, resistance to
Frictional property and color fastness to washing are suitable for being applied in wearable textiles.
(5) any face may be implemented according to the selection for using thermochromic material in the thermochromism fiber that the present invention obtains
The variation of color has good flexibility and cyclical stability.
(6) thermochromism fibre section prepared by the present invention can be the random geometries such as circle, triangle, rectangle,
And scale has the characteristics that structure-controllable micro-, grade is accurately adjustable；In addition, the dimension scale of sandwich layer and covering is larger
It is adjustable in range, it can satisfy the demand of thermochromism fiber.
(7) of the invention by the way that thermochromic material and polymer material are mixed with the how prefabricated stick of structuring, and
The thermochromism fiber with skin-core structure is prepared by the method for hot-drawn, thus solves prior art preparation thermochromism
The technical problem that fibre structure is single, preparation cost is high, limited starting material and speed of production are slow etc..In conjunction with the fiber of existing maturation
Drawing process prepares the thermochromism fiber, and preparation method is simple, mild condition, and material and preparation cost are low, in conjunction with it is existing at
Ripe fiber draw technique can obtain the continuous thermochromism fiber of overlength by adjusting the size of prefabricated rods, production effect
Rate is much higher than the preparation process of existing thermochromism fiber, is suitble to large-scale production.
(8) the obtained chameleon fibre of the present invention have can textile performance, classical production process can be used for fabric processing,
The mass production for carrying out color-changeable fabric, is readily put into industrialized production and application；Polymeric base material has can textile
Can with it is certain it is traditional can textile material type it is identical, traditional textile technology and equipment can be compatible with.
(9) thermochromism fiber of the invention provides the foundation for smart fabric, in camouflage, fashion industry and intelligence
The wearable equal fields of energy show huge application prospect and value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the cross section of the embodiment of the present invention preparation is the thermochromism fiber schematic diagram of circular configuration, wherein 1 is
The sandwich layer of the thermochromism fiber of circular configuration, 2 be the covering of the thermochromism fiber of circular configuration.
Fig. 2 is the hot press hot pressing schematic illustration that the embodiment of the present invention provides, wherein 3 be hot-pressed material, 4 be heating
Plate, 5 be mold.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention using winding film legal system preserved skin cored structure preform arrangement schematic diagram, wherein 6 are
Thermochromism microcapsules/composite material of polymethyl methacrylate that film roll winding obtains, 7 is thin for polymethyl methacrylate
Film.
Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the present invention uses tiretube process to prepare skin-core structure preform arrangement schematic diagram, wherein 8 be poly- first
Base methyl acrylate solid bar, 9 be center hole, the 10 thermochromism microcapsules/polymethyl methacrylates used for tiretube process
Solid bar.
Fig. 5 is the schematic device of present invention preparation thermochromism fiber, wherein 11 press from both sides for prefabricated rods, 12 be prefabricated rods,
13 be heating furnace, and 14 be laser diameter measuring instrument, and 15 be traction device, and 16 be bobbin winder device.
Fig. 6 is the thermochromism changing color of textile schematic diagram based on thermochromic material prepared by the present invention, wherein 17 be heat
Mutagens color fibre, 18 be ordinary textile fibers.
Fig. 7 is the thermochromism fiber schematic diagram of the square structure of the embodiment of the present invention preparation, wherein 19 be rectangular knot
The sandwich layer of the thermochromism fiber of structure, 20 be the covering of the thermochromism fiber of square structure.
Fig. 8 is the schematic device that cladding process of the embodiment of the present invention prepares thermochromism cladding of fiber, wherein 21 be coating
Cup, 22 be uv oven.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
A kind of preparation method of thermochromism fiber provided by the invention, the thermochromism fiber are with core pack arrangement
The sandwich layer of fiber, the core pack arrangement is thermochromic layer, and covering is protective layer, and the covering is located at the outside of the sandwich layer；
The thermochromic layer is prepared by using thermal softening fiber elongation method, specifically: the prefabricated rods of the thermochromic layer are first obtained,
Then thermal softening wire drawing is carried out to the prefabricated rods and obtains the thermochromic layer fiber；The thermal softening wire drawing is that optical fiber prepares work
The thermal softening drawing process used in skill.Diameter is drawn into after the prefabricated rods of the thermochromic layer are heated and softened to meet the requirements
Tiny thermochromic layer fiber.
In some embodiments, the material that the thermochromic layer uses includes that first polymer material adulterates thermochromism material
Expect obtained polymer matrix composite；For one or more can change with temperature color occur for the thermochromic material
The organic or inorganic material of variation；
The material that the protective layer uses includes second polymer material；
The first polymer material and second polymer material are transparent material；The first polymer material and second
Polymer material type is identical or different.
In some embodiments, the covering is total to wire drawing acquisition by implementing thermal softening with the thermochromic layer, specifically:
The thermochromic layer and the protective layer are processed into the prefabricated rods with core pack arrangement first, so that the thermochromic layer
As sandwich layer, the protective layer is as covering；Then wire drawing is total to by thermal softening and the thermochromism fibre with core pack arrangement is made
Dimension.
When sandwich layer and covering are total to wire drawing preparation using thermal softening, the first polymer material and second polymer material
For transparent thermoplastic material；The first polymer material and second polymer material can carry out thermal softening wire drawing simultaneously；And
Its wire-drawing temperature is below the tolerable temperature of the thermochromic material.
Thermochromism fiber provided by the invention with core pack arrangement, structure are similar to the fibre core and covering knot of optical fiber
Structure.
Thermochromism fiber provided by the invention, in order to ensure thermochromic layer color change of being heated can display,
The polymer material that its sandwich layer and covering use is high transparency polymer material.In some embodiments, the first polymer
Material and the second polymer material transparent degree are not less than 75%.
In some embodiments, when covering is total to wire drawing acquisition by implementing thermal softening with the thermochromic layer, thermochromism
The polymer material that the thermochromic layer and protective layer of fibrous material use is thermoplastic, polymeric materials, can be simultaneously in spy
Thermal softening wire drawing is carried out in kind drawing optical fibers equipment.In order to ensure the two can carry out stretch forming simultaneously, the present invention first is poly-
The fusing point for closing object material and second polymer material is same or similar.In some embodiments, the first polymer material and
The difference of the fusing point of second polymer material is no more than 50 DEG C.
In thermochromic layer the doping of thermochromic material can according to the first polymer of selection, second polymer and
The type of thermochromic material and selected, it is however generally that, the thermochromic material content of doping is higher, and color changeable effect is brighter
It is aobvious；But doping content is too high to will affect wire drawing quality, or even not can be carried out wire drawing.In some embodiments, the thermochromism
The thermochromic material adulterated in layer accounts within the 30% of the thermochromic layer gross mass.
The thermochromic material that the present invention uses can be for various traditional colors can change with temperature and change
Organic or inorganic materials Thermochromic material.The thermochromic material can be single or composite thermotropic off-color material, including
But it is not limited to different types of thermochromic material with different response temperature, and/or there is same response temperature, but simultaneously
Variety classes thermochromic material with different response colors.
It is described in some preferred embodiments in order to preferably protect thermochromic material to be not easy to be destroyed in use
Thermochromic material is microcapsule structure thermochromic material.
The sandwich layer cross-sectional shape of thermochromism fiber provided by the invention, which can according to need, is designed to any geometric form
Shape, including but not limited to round, rectangular, triangle, zigzag etc.；Covering is wrapped in the sandwich layer outer surface, and the two is combined and formed
The whole cross-sectional structure of thermochromism fiber can according to need and be designed to random geometry, it is same to include but is not limited to
Round, rectangular, triangle, zigzag etc..
Its sectional dimension of thermochromism fiber provided by the invention, which can according to need, voluntarily to be select and set.Some implementations
It is circular sandwich layer for section in example, the ratio of sandwich layer diameter and cladding thickness is preferably implemented between 1:10-10:1
In example, the ratio is between 1:1-10:1.
In some embodiments, the sectional dimension of thermochromism fiber of the present invention is 0.05-2.5mm.
In some preferred embodiments, when preparing the thermochromism fiber of core pack arrangement of the present invention using total drawing process, this
The invention first polymer material or second polymer material are transparent thermoplastic polymer, including but not limited to poly- methyl
Methyl acrylate (PMMA), cyclenes hydrocarbon type copolymer (COC plastics), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene
(PE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), ABS (acrylonitrile (A), butadiene
(B), the terpolymer of styrene (S) three kinds of monomers) etc., and the blend being made of these materials.The thermochromism
Material is microcapsules or the package thermochromism for wrapping up organic material (such as crystal violet lactone, dianthracene ketone, triarylmethane compound)
Liquid crystal (cholesteryl liquid crystal etc.) microcapsules.
Thermochromism fiber provided by the invention can also add according to demand functional material in the thermochromic layer,
Such as in some embodiments, the thermochromic layer is doped with one in heat stabilizer, plasticizer, antistatic agent and anti ultraviolet agent
Kind is a variety of.
In some embodiments, when being total to wire drawing using thermal softening and preparing sandwich layer and covering, specific preparation method includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) thermochromic material and first polymer material is compound, obtain thermochromic composite；
(2) thermochromic composite for obtaining step (1) and second polymer Material cladding, and machine-shaping, make
It obtains the thermochromic composite and is located at sandwich layer, the second polymer material is located at the covering of the sandwich layer, obtains core packet
Structure prefabricated rods；
(3) thermal softening is carried out to the core pack arrangement prefabricated rods that step (2) obtains and is total to wire drawing, it is fine to obtain the thermochromism
Dimension.
In some embodiments, step (1) carries out thermochromic composite using solution blended process or mechanical mixing
Preparation.
In some embodiments, the thermochromic composite is prepared using solution blended process, is specifically comprised the following steps:
(1-1) mixes first polymer material with solvent according to a certain percentage, and heating makes described first under stirring action
Polymer material is dissolved in the solvent, obtains the solution of first polymer material；
(1-2) is mixed into thermochromic material in the solution of the first polymer material, and it is molten to obtain composite material mixing
Liquid；
(1-3) removes the solvent in the composite material mixed solution, obtains thermochromic composite after solidification.
In some embodiments, stirring action can stir in step (1-1) for magnetic agitation or ultrasonic mixing.
In some embodiments, step (1-3) removes the solvent using thermal evaporation or heating vacuum pumping method.
In some embodiment, thermochromic composite is prepared using mechanical mixing, is specifically as follows: by powdered or
Granular first polymer material and thermochromic material obtain the thermochromic composite by physical mixed.
In some embodiments, the method that step (2) prepares core packet composite preform includes pressure sintering, thermal softening extrusion
Deng.
In some preferred embodiments, the core packet composite preform is prepared using pressure sintering, is specifically comprised the following steps:
The thermochromic composite is pressed into the closely knit solid bar with specific dimensions and form by (2-1), is obtained
Thermotropic composite material solid bar；
The thermochromic composite that (2-2) obtains the winding film of the second polymer material in step (2-1)
Solid bar outer surface is wrapped up the second polymer material tightly and is fitted in described thermotropic compound then by heat treatment
Material solid bar surface obtains the core pack arrangement prefabricated rods.
In some embodiments, step (2-2) are as follows: carried out in the center of the second polymer material in the form of solid bar
Drilling, pore size is the diameter of the thermochromic composite solid bar, then that the thermochromic composite is real
Axle is placed in the centre bore of second polymer material solid bar, and obtains the core pack arrangement prefabricated rods by heat treatment.It can
Second polymer material in the form of through directly purchase solid bar, granular second polymer material can also be processed into
Solid bar structure.
In some embodiments, step (2-2) heat treatment is for pasting prefabricated rod cladding and the compound off-color material of sandwich layer
It closes closely, specific hot-working can be diamond heating or hot press hot pressing mode.It is soft that hot processing temperature is slightly above clad material
Change temperature, for example be higher than within 20 DEG C of the clad material softening temperature, and hot-working duration is no more than 3 hours.
In some embodiments, step (2-1) specifically: the thermochromic composite is passed through into hot press in a mold
It is hot pressed into solid bar under the conditions of the softening temperature of the slightly above described composite material, for example is higher than in 20 DEG C of softening temperature and carries out heat
Pressure, and the temperature will not destroy the color shifting properties of the thermochromic material.In preferred embodiment, by by the thermochromism
Composite material is milled to graininess and carries out above-mentioned heat-press step again.The cross-sectional shape of the thermochromic composite solid bar
Depending on the shape of selected mold, in some embodiments, its cross sectional dimensions of the thermochromic composite solid bar can
Think 10mm-1000mm, length can be in 10-1000mm.
In some embodiments, when step (3) carries out thermal softening drawing to the prefabricated rods, the central temperature of fiber drawing furnace cannot
Higher than the tolerable temperature of thermochromic material, the central temperature of fiber drawing furnace namely selected first polymer material and second are gathered
The thermal softening temperature of object material is closed, therefore, the thermal softening temperature of first polymer material and second polymer material is not higher than institute
State the tolerable temperature of thermochromic material.The tolerable temperature of the thermochromic material refers to thermochromic material color shifting properties quilt
The critical-temperature of destruction.
In some preferred embodiments, the tolerable temperature of the thermochromic material is no more than 400 DEG C, the first polymer
The thermal softening temperature of material and second polymer material is in 90-400 DEG C of range, and the central temperature of the fiber drawing furnace is at 90-400 DEG C
Range.
When step (3) draws the prefabricated rods, send the technological parameters such as stick rate and draw-down rate can refer to and adopt
With the wire drawing preparation process of conventional quartz optical fiber.
In some embodiments, in step (3) when preform, drawing tensile force is controlled within 1-1000g.
First polymer material and second polymer material of the present invention, which can according to need, is made arbitrary shape, such as particle
Shape, film-form or solid rodlike.Or the shape that purchase needs as needed.
In other embodiments, after obtaining the thermochromic layer by thermal softening wire drawing, in the thermochromic layer
Outside coats the clad material, obtains the thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement.
It is described applied to being obtained to thermal softening wire drawing using the coating processes in optical fiber preparation process in some embodiments
Thermochromic layer fiber carries out the coating of protective layer material, specifically:
The second polymer material that the protective layer uses is placed in coating unit, thermal softening wire drawing is obtained thermotropic
Photochromic layer fiber obtains the thermochromic layer fiber that surface is coated with second polymer material after passing through the coating cup, after solidification
Obtain the thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement.
In some embodiments, covering is coated using coating processes thermochromic layer fiber surface made from thermal softening wire drawing
Material specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) thermochromic material and first polymer material is compound, obtain thermochromic composite；
(2) thermochromic composite for obtaining step (1) carries out thermal softening wire drawing as prefabricated rods, obtains thermotropic change
Chromatograph fiber；
(3) the thermochromism fiber for obtaining step (2) thermal softening wire drawing is passed through and is contained under conditions of keeping drawing tensile force
In the coating unit for having the second composite material of flow-like, the thermochromic layer fiber that surface is coated with protective layer material is obtained, Gu
The thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement is obtained after change
In some embodiments, the coating unit used in above-mentioned coating processes is the coating used in fiber draw process
Cup, therefore, the preparation method of thermochromism fiber of the present invention can be simultaneous well with the drawing optical fibers process equipment of existing maturation
Hold.
In some embodiments, after obtaining the thermochromic layer by thermal softening wire drawing, in the outer of the thermochromic layer
Portion coats the clad material by magnetron sputtering method, brushing, spraying or other coating methods.
The thermotropic change with core pack arrangement is being obtained using the thermal softening wire drawing combination coating processes in drawing optical fibers technique
When color fibre, the fusing point of the first polymer material only need to be lower than the thermochromic material tolerable temperature, second
Polymer can be flow-like at room temperature, realize that solidification obtains the covering by conventional solidified method such as ultraviolet lighting；
Or flow-like is become by heating in coating cup, it leaves and solidifies when coating cup is cooled to room temperature or by ultra-violet curing etc.
Obtain the covering.
Using optical fiber prepare in the coating processes covering that carries out the thermochromism fiber preparation when, can be according to demand
The hole cross sectional shape and size for designing coating cup bottom, to obtain the thermochromism fiber of respective cross-section shape and size.
The aperture is bigger relative to the diameter of section of the thermochromic layer fiber, and the cladding thickness obtained using this method is bigger.
When obtaining the thermochromism fiber of core pack arrangement using drawing optical fibers combination coating processes, the first polymer material
Material can be thermoplastic transparent polymer material, and second polymer material can be transparent polymer material, can also be appointed
Section shape and size needed for meaning.
In some embodiments, when preparing the covering of core pack arrangement thermochromism fiber using coating processes, first polymer
Material can be total to the first polymer material used in drawing process with same core packet, for example can be polymethyl methacrylate
(PMMA), cyclenes hydrocarbon type copolymer (COC plastics), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), low-density are poly-
Ethylene (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), ABS (acrylonitrile (A), butadiene (B), styrene (S) three
The terpolymer of kind monomer) etc., and the blend being made of these materials.The thermochromic material is to wrap up organic material
Expect the microcapsules or package thermo-varing liquid crystal (cholesteryl liquid crystal of (such as crystal violet lactone, dianthracene ketone, triarylmethane compound)
Deng) microcapsules；Second polymer material selection range is bigger, is transparent polymer, for example can be poly-methyl methacrylate
Ester (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer cyanogen (AS), styrene methyl methacrylate copolymerization
Object (MS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), nylon etc..
The present invention will especially be selected by covering to thermochromism fiber and core material, and cooperation thermal softening is drawn
Method the sandwich layer of the thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement is prepared, the packet on its surface is then obtained using coating processes
Layer structure or core pack arrangement are total to wire drawing preparation, and work efficiency is high for thermal softening drawing process, can quickly obtain random length, cross
The thermochromism fiber of sectional dimension and shape.And raw material range of choice is wide, preparation cost substantially reduces.It is produced by the present invention
Thermochromism fiber with controllable cross-sectional structure, good flexibility, discolouration, cyclical stability and stitchability,
The smart fabric of color controllable variation can be prepared.This method is simple, at low cost and suitable large-scale production.
The following are embodiments:
Embodiment 1
In embodiments of the present invention, a kind of skin-core structure thermochromism fiber is provided firstly, there is centainly steady
Qualitative, antifriction scrape along color fastness to washing, is suitable for dress, and thermal change color temperature is 31 DEG C.
Fig. 1 is the thermochromism fiber schematic diagram that cross section manufactured in the present embodiment is circular configuration, wherein 1 is thermotropic change
The sandwich layer of color fibre, 2 be covering.
Wherein, which is the compound of thermochromism microcapsules and polymethyl methacrylate
Material, photochromic layer diameter are 100 μm, and clad material is polymethyl methacrylate, with a thickness of 50 μm.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the preparation that a kind of thermochromism fiber process includes: thermochromic composite, prefabricated
The preparation and fiber hot-drawn system of stick.
The preparation method of thermochromic material is the following steps are included: (1) weighs 100g polymethyl methacrylate, and measures
The mixing of 200ml dimethyl acetamide, is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus warm table and makes polymer solution, wherein heating temperature is
130℃；(2) it is 31 DEG C (low temperature green, high temperature whites) that 8g thermochromic temperature, which is added, and thermochromism of the diameter less than 10 μm is micro-
Capsule powders simultaneously continue stir 10min, using 15min ultrasonic disperse obtain thermochromism microcapsules/polymethyl methacrylate/
Dimethylacetamide ammonia mixed solution；(3) heating water bath in wide-mouth bottle is added in gained mixed solution, and is tightly connected wide-mouth bottle
Vacuum pump vacuumizes evaporation dimethylacetamide ammonia solvent, is put into vacuum oven dry 48h in half solidification state taking-up to solution
Thermochromism microcapsules/methyl methacrylate composite material is obtained, vacuum oven temperature is 70 DEG C；(4) dried material is cut
It is broken into thermochromic composite particle and vacuum oven of the partial size no more than 10mm and saves.
The preparation of prefabricated rods includes the following steps (film roll winding): (1) thermochromic composite particle being inserted mould
In tool, it is the semicylinder groove of a length of 180mm of 10mm that mold, which has diameter, and mold is put into hot press or more according to shown in Fig. 2
Between heating plate, setting hot pressing temperature is 120 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, by thermochromism microcapsules/methyl methacrylate
Ester composite material is hot pressed into the semicylinder stick that diameter is a length of 180mm of 10mm；(2) it repeats step (1) process and prepares other one
Root semicylinder stick；(3) two semicylinders made from above-mentioned steps are put into respectively in two molds and by two Mold stacks
It is folded that two semicolumn sticks is made to be spliced into a complete cylindrical body, it is put into hot press and is hot pressed into composite material cylindrical base solid stick；So
The cylindrical base solid stick that diameter is a length of 180mm of 6mm is made by polishing grinding afterwards；(4) methyl methacrylate is used as shown in Figure 3
The diameter that ester film 7 winds above-mentioned resulting solid bar 6 to stick reaches 12mm and puts it into thermosetting in tube furnace, thermoset temperature
It is 110 DEG C, the thermosetting time is 1h, obtains core pack arrangement prefabricated rods.
The preparation of prefabricated rods includes the following steps (tiretube process): (1) thermochromic composite particle inserted in mold,
It is the semicylinder groove of a length of 180mm of 10mm that mold, which has diameter, and mold is put into hot press and heated up and down by mode as shown in Figure 2
Between plate, setting hot pressing temperature is 120 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, by thermochromism microcapsules/polymethyl methacrylate
Composite material is hot pressed into the semicylinder stick that diameter is a length of 180mm of 10mm；(2) it repeats step (1) process and prepares other one
Semicylinder stick；(3) two semicylinders made from above-mentioned steps are put into respectively in two molds and by two mold stacks
So that two semicolumn sticks is spliced into a complete cylindrical body, is put into hot press and is hot pressed into composite material cylindrical base solid stick；Then
The cylindrical base solid stick that diameter is a length of 180mm of 6mm is made by polishing grinding；(4) according to first three step, die size is changed
The semicylinder groove for being a length of 180mm of 15mm at diameter, setting hot pressing temperature are 150 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 30MPa, are used
Methyl methacrylate material is hot pressed into cylindrical base solid stick, and it is a length of 180mm's of 12mm that diameter then, which is made, by polishing grinding
Cylindrical base solid stick；(5) with drilling and milling machine, cylindrical base solid stick center drills out the centre bore that diameter is 6mm in (4) as shown in Figure 4, so
Composite material solid bar in (3) is inserted in wherein and is put it into thermosetting in tube furnace afterwards, thermoset temperature is 110 DEG C, when thermosetting
Between be 1h.
For fiber hot-drawn system the following steps are included: prefabricated rods 2 are clipped in prefabricated rods folder 11 by (1) as shown in Figure 5, adjustment is prefabricated
The position of stick folder makes prefabricated rods alignment 13 center of heating furnace and prefabricated rods is inserted into heating furnace；(2) wire-drawer-tower heating furnace is waited
13 are warming up to 330 DEG C, after prefabricated rods softening is turned around, cut chieftain, fiber is made to pass sequentially through caliper 14, auxiliary traction wheel
15, finally arrive take-up pulley 16；(3) controlling into rod speed is 0.3mm/min, and it is that 0.48m/min can will be warm that silk speed is received in adjustment
Mutagens color fibre size Control is at 200 μm.
Thermochromism fiber actual structure parameters manufactured in the present embodiment are that fibre diameter is 200 ± 1 μm, fibre core photochromic layer
Diameter is 100 μm, and protective layer thickness is 50 μm.
Thermochromism fading of fiber reaction provided in this embodiment is reversible reaction, and thermochromic temperature is 31 DEG C, when
It is shown in green when fiber temperature is lower than 31 DEG C, white is shown as when fiber temperature is higher than 31 DEG C, and when fiber temperature is near
31 DEG C or less are restored again to green.
Electric heating mutagens color fibre provided in this embodiment can be woven into fabric together with common textile fibers, pass through change
Fabric local environment temperature can realize the color or change in pattern of fabric, as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 2
In embodiments of the present invention, a kind of skin-core structure thermochromism fiber is provided firstly, there is centainly steady
Qualitative, antifriction scrape along color fastness to washing, is suitable for dress, and thermal change color temperature is 31 DEG C.
Wherein, which is the compound of thermochromism microcapsules and polymethyl methacrylate
Material, photochromic layer diameter are 1000 μm, and clad material is polymethyl methacrylate, with a thickness of 50 μm.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the preparation that a kind of thermochromism fiber process includes: thermochromic composite, prefabricated
The preparation and fiber hot-drawn system of stick.
The preparation method of thermochromic material is the following steps are included: (1) weighs 100g polymethyl methacrylate, and measures
The mixing of 200ml dimethyl acetamide, is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus warm table and makes polymer solution, wherein heating temperature is
130℃；(2) it is 31 DEG C (low temperature green, high temperature whites) that 8g thermochromic temperature, which is added, and thermochromism of the diameter less than 10 μm is micro-
Capsule powders simultaneously continue stir 10min, using 15min ultrasonic disperse obtain thermochromism microcapsules/polymethyl methacrylate/
Dimethylacetamide ammonia mixed solution；(3) heating water bath in wide-mouth bottle is added in gained mixed solution, and is tightly connected wide-mouth bottle
Vacuum pump vacuumizes evaporation dimethylacetamide ammonia solvent, is put into vacuum oven dry 48h in half solidification state taking-up to solution
Thermochromism microcapsules/methyl methacrylate composite material is obtained, vacuum oven temperature is 70 DEG C；(4) dried material is cut
It is broken into thermochromic composite particle and vacuum oven of the partial size no more than 10mm and saves.
The preparation of prefabricated rods includes the following steps (film roll winding): (1) thermochromic composite particle being inserted mould
In tool, it is the semicylinder groove of a length of 180mm of 22mm that mold, which has diameter, and mold is put into hot press or more according to shown in Fig. 2
Between heating plate, setting hot pressing temperature is 120 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, by thermochromism microcapsules/methyl methacrylate
Ester composite material is hot pressed into the semicylinder stick that diameter is a length of 180mm of 22mm；(2) it repeats step (1) process and prepares other one
Root semicylinder stick；(3) two semicylinders made from above-mentioned steps are put into respectively in two molds and by two Mold stacks
It is folded that two semicolumn sticks is made to be spliced into a complete cylindrical body, it is put into hot press and is hot pressed into composite material cylindrical base solid stick；So
The cylindrical base solid stick that diameter is a length of 180mm of 20mm is made by polishing grinding afterwards；(4) methacrylic acid is used as shown in Figure 3
The diameter that methyl esters film 7 winds above-mentioned resulting solid bar 6 to stick reaches 22mm and puts it into thermosetting in tube furnace, thermosetting temperature
Degree is 110 DEG C, and the thermosetting time is 1h, obtains core pack arrangement prefabricated rods.
The preparation of prefabricated rods includes the following steps (tiretube process): (1) thermochromic composite particle inserted in mold,
It is the semicylinder groove of a length of 180mm of 22mm that mold, which has diameter, and mold is put into hot press and heated up and down by mode as shown in Figure 2
Between plate, setting hot pressing temperature is 120 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, by thermochromism microcapsules/polymethyl methacrylate
Composite material is hot pressed into the semicylinder stick that diameter is a length of 180mm of 22mm；(2) it repeats step (1) process and prepares other one
Semicylinder stick；(3) two semicylinders made from above-mentioned steps are put into respectively in two molds and by two mold stacks
So that two semicolumn sticks is spliced into a complete cylindrical body, is put into hot press and is hot pressed into composite material cylindrical base solid stick；Then
The cylindrical base solid stick that diameter is a length of 180mm of 20mm is made by polishing grinding；(4) according to first three step, by die size
Change the semicylinder groove that diameter is a length of 180mm of 25mm into, setting hot pressing temperature is 150 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 30MPa, is made
It is hot pressed into cylindrical base solid stick with methyl methacrylate material, it is a length of 180mm of 22mm that diameter then, which is made, by polishing grinding
Cylindrical base solid stick；(5) with drilling and milling machine, cylindrical base solid stick center drills out the centre bore that diameter is 20mm in (4) as shown in Figure 4,
Then composite material solid bar in (3) is inserted in wherein and is put it into thermosetting in tube furnace, thermoset temperature is 110 DEG C, thermosetting
Time is 1h.
For fiber hot-drawn system the following steps are included: prefabricated rods 2 are clipped in prefabricated rods folder 11 by (1) as shown in Figure 5, adjustment is prefabricated
The position of stick folder makes prefabricated rods alignment 13 center of heating furnace and prefabricated rods is inserted into heating furnace；(2) wire-drawer-tower heating furnace is waited
13 are warming up to 330 DEG C, after prefabricated rods softening is turned around, cut chieftain, fiber is made to pass sequentially through caliper 14, auxiliary traction wheel
15, finally arrive take-up pulley 16；(3) controlling into rod speed is 0.3mm/min, and it is that 0.48m/min can will be warm that silk speed is received in adjustment
Mutagens color fibre size Control is at 1100 μm.
Thermochromism fiber actual structure parameters manufactured in the present embodiment are that fibre diameter is 1200 ± 1 μm, fibre core discoloration
Layer diameter is 1000 μm, and protective layer thickness is 50 μm.
Thermochromism fading of fiber reaction provided in this embodiment is reversible reaction, and thermochromic temperature is 31 DEG C, when
It is shown in green when fiber temperature is lower than 31 DEG C, white is shown as when fiber temperature is higher than 31 DEG C, and when fiber temperature is near
31 DEG C or less are restored again to green.
Embodiment 3
In embodiments of the present invention, a kind of skin-core structure thermochromism fiber is provided firstly, there is centainly steady
Qualitative, antifriction scrape along color fastness to washing, is suitable for dress, and thermal change color temperature is 31 DEG C.
Wherein, which is the compound of thermochromism microcapsules and polymethyl methacrylate
Material, photochromic layer diameter are 100 μm, and clad material is polymethyl methacrylate, with a thickness of 50 μm.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the preparation that a kind of thermochromism fiber process includes: thermochromic composite, prefabricated
The preparation and fiber hot-drawn system of stick.
The preparation method of thermochromic material is the following steps are included: (1) weighs 100g polymethyl methacrylate, and measures
The mixing of 200ml dimethyl acetamide, is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus warm table and makes polymer solution, wherein heating temperature is
130℃；(2) it is 31 DEG C (low temperature green, high temperature whites) that 8g thermochromic temperature, which is added, and thermochromism of the diameter less than 10 μm is micro-
Capsule powders simultaneously continue stir 10min, using 15min ultrasonic disperse obtain thermochromism microcapsules/polymethyl methacrylate/
Dimethylacetamide ammonia mixed solution；(3) heating water bath in wide-mouth bottle is added in gained mixed solution, and is tightly connected wide-mouth bottle
Vacuum pump vacuumizes evaporation dimethylacetamide ammonia solvent, is put into vacuum oven dry 48h in half solidification state taking-up to solution
Thermochromism microcapsules/methyl methacrylate composite material is obtained, vacuum oven temperature is 70 DEG C；(4) dried material is cut
It is broken into thermochromic composite particle and vacuum oven of the partial size no more than 10mm and saves.
The preparation of prefabricated rods includes the following steps (film roll winding): (1) thermochromic composite particle being inserted mould
In tool, mold is length × width × height 180mm × 10mm × 10mm square groove, and mold is put into hot press according to shown in Fig. 2
Between upper and lower heating plate, setting hot pressing temperature is 120 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, by thermochromism microcapsules/metering system
Sour methyl esters composite material is hot pressed into the rectangular solid bar of length × width × height 180mm × 10mm × 10mm；Then pass through polishing grinding system
At the rectangular solid bar of 180mm × 6mm × 6mm；(4) above-mentioned gained is wound using methyl methacrylate film 7 as shown in Figure 3
The diameter of solid bar 6 to stick reach 12mm and put it into thermosetting in tube furnace, thermoset temperature is 110 DEG C, and the thermosetting time is
1h obtains core pack arrangement prefabricated rods.
The preparation of prefabricated rods includes the following steps (tiretube process): (1) thermochromic composite particle inserted in mold,
Mold is length × width × height 180mm × 10mm × 10mm square groove, and mold is put into hot press or more by mode as shown in Figure 2
Between heating plate, setting hot pressing temperature is 120 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, by thermochromism microcapsules/polymethylacrylic acid
Methyl esters composite material is hot pressed into the rectangular solid bar of length × width × height 180mm × 10mm × 10mm；Then pass through polishing grinding system
At the rectangular solid bar of 180mm × 6mm × 6mm；(4) according to first three step, by die size change into 180mm × 15mm ×
The square groove of 15mm, setting hot pressing temperature are 150 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 30MPa, uses methyl methacrylate material hot pressing
At cylindrical base solid stick, the rectangular solid bar of 180mm × 12mm × 12mm is then made by polishing grinding；(5) as shown in Figure 4 with brill
Milling machine cylindrical base solid stick center in (4) drills out the square hole of 6mm × 6mm, and composite material solid bar in (3) is then inserted in it
In and put it into thermosetting in tube furnace, thermoset temperature is 110 DEG C, and the thermosetting time is 1h.
For fiber hot-drawn system the following steps are included: prefabricated rods 2 are clipped in prefabricated rods folder 11 by (1) as shown in Figure 5, adjustment is prefabricated
The position of stick folder makes prefabricated rods alignment 13 center of heating furnace and prefabricated rods is inserted into heating furnace；(2) wire-drawer-tower heating furnace is waited
13 are warming up to 330 DEG C, after prefabricated rods softening is turned around, cut chieftain, fiber is made to pass sequentially through caliper 14, auxiliary traction wheel
15, finally arrive take-up pulley 16；(3) controlling into rod speed is 0.3mm/min, and it is that 0.48m/min can will be warm that silk speed is received in adjustment
Mutagens color fibre size Control is at 200 μm (rectangular).
Thermochromism fiber actual structure parameters manufactured in the present embodiment are that fibre diameter is 200 ± 1 μm, fibre core photochromic layer
Diameter is 100 μm, and protective layer thickness is 50 μm, as shown in Figure 7.
Thermochromism fading of fiber reaction provided in this embodiment is reversible reaction, and thermochromic temperature is 31 DEG C, when
It is shown in green when fiber temperature is lower than 31 DEG C, white is shown as when fiber temperature is higher than 31 DEG C, and when fiber temperature is near
31 DEG C or less are restored again to green.
Embodiment 4
In embodiments of the present invention, a kind of skin-core structure thermochromism fiber is provided firstly, there is centainly steady
Qualitative, antifriction scrape along color fastness to washing, is suitable for dress, and thermal change color temperature is 38 DEG C.
Fig. 1 is the thermochromism fiber schematic diagram that cross section manufactured in the present embodiment is circular configuration, wherein 1 is thermotropic change
The sandwich layer of color fibre, 2 be covering.
Wherein, which is the compound of thermochromism microcapsules and polymethyl methacrylate
Material, photochromic layer diameter are 400 μm, and clad material is dimethyl silicone polymer, with a thickness of 40 μm.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the preparation that a kind of thermochromism fiber process includes: thermochromic composite, prefabricated
The preparation and fiber hot-drawn system of stick.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for thermochromic material.
The following steps are included: (1) inserts thermochromic composite particle in mold, mold has directly for the preparation of prefabricated rods
Diameter is the semicylinder groove of a length of 180mm of 20mm, and mold is put between hot press or more heating plate according to shown in Fig. 2, if
Setting hot pressing temperature is 120 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, by thermochromism microcapsules/methyl methacrylate composite material hot pressing
The semicylinder stick for being a length of 180mm of 20mm at diameter；(2) it repeats step (1) process and prepares an other semicylinder stick；
(3) putting two semicylinders made from above-mentioned steps in two molds and by two mold stacks respectively into makes two semicolumns
Stick is spliced into a complete cylindrical body, is put into hot press and is hot pressed into composite material cylindrical base solid stick；Then pass through polishing grinding
The cylindrical base solid stick that diameter is a length of 180mm of 6mm is made；
Fiber hot-drawn system and covering coating are the following steps are included: prefabricated rods 2 are clipped in prefabricated rods folder 11 as shown in Figure 8 by (1)
In, the position of adjustment prefabricated rods folder makes prefabricated rods alignment 13 center of heating furnace and prefabricated rods is inserted into heating furnace；(2) it waits and drawing
Silk tower heating furnace 13 is warming up to 330 DEG C, after prefabricated rods softening is turned around, cuts chieftain, fiber is made to pass sequentially through caliper 14, auxiliary
Traction wheel 15, coating cup centre bore 21 are helped, uv oven 22 finally arrives take-up pulley 16；(3) controlling into rod speed is 0.1mm/
Min, it is that 2.5m/min can control thermochromism fiber size at 400 μm that silk speed is received in adjustment.
Thermochromism fiber actual structure parameters manufactured in the present embodiment are that fibre diameter is 440 μm, and fibre core photochromic layer is straight
Diameter is 400 μm, and protective layer thickness is 40 μm.
Thermochromism fading of fiber reaction provided in this embodiment is reversible reaction, and thermochromic temperature is 38 DEG C, when
Fiber temperature is shown as blue when being lower than 38 DEG C, white is shown as when fiber temperature is higher than 38 DEG C, and when fiber temperature is near
38 DEG C or less are restored again to blue.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of thermochromism fiber, which is characterized in that the thermochromism fiber is the fibre with core pack arrangement
The sandwich layer of dimension, the core pack arrangement is thermochromic layer, and covering is protective layer, and the covering is located at the outside of the sandwich layer；
The thermochromic layer is prepared by using thermal softening fiber elongation method, specifically:
The prefabricated rods of the thermochromic layer are first obtained, thermal softening wire drawing then is carried out to the prefabricated rods and obtains the thermochromic layer
Fiber.
2. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the material that the thermochromic layer uses includes first poly-
Close the polymer matrix composite that the material doped thermochromic material of object obtains；The thermochromic material is one or more energy
Enough organic or inorganic materials for changing and occurring color change with temperature；
The material that the protective layer uses includes second polymer material；
The first polymer material and second polymer material are transparent material；The first polymer material and the second polymerization
Object material category is identical or different.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the covering passes through real with the thermochromic layer
Heat application softens wire drawing altogether and obtains, specifically: the thermochromic layer and the protective layer are processed into core pack arrangement first
Prefabricated rods so that the thermochromic layer is as sandwich layer, the protective layer is as covering；Then wire drawing system is total to by thermal softening
There must be the thermochromism fiber of core pack arrangement.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, which comprises the steps of:
(1) thermochromic material and first polymer material is compound, obtain thermochromic composite；
(2) thermochromic composite for obtaining step (1) and second polymer Material cladding, and machine-shaping, so that institute
It states thermochromic composite and is located at sandwich layer, the second polymer material is located at the covering of the sandwich layer, obtains core pack arrangement
Prefabricated rods；
(3) thermal softening is carried out to the core pack arrangement prefabricated rods that step (2) obtains and is total to wire drawing, obtain the thermochromism fiber.
5. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain the thermochromic layer by thermal softening wire drawing
Afterwards, the clad material is coated in the external of the thermochromic layer, obtains the thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that described applied to using the coating in optical fiber preparation process
Technique carries out the coating of protective layer material to the thermochromic layer fiber that thermal softening wire drawing obtains, specifically:
The second polymer material that the protective layer uses is placed in coating unit, the thermochromism that thermal softening wire drawing is obtained
Layer fiber obtains the thermochromic layer fiber that surface is coated with second polymer material after passing through the coating unit, after solidification
To the thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 6, which comprises the steps of:
(1) thermochromic material and first polymer material is compound, obtain thermochromic composite；
(2) thermochromic composite for obtaining step (1) carries out thermal softening wire drawing as prefabricated rods, obtains thermochromic layer
Fiber；
(3) the thermochromic layer fiber for obtaining step (2) thermal softening wire drawing is under conditions of keeping drawing tensile force, across filling
In the coating unit of the second composite material of flow-like, the thermochromic layer fiber that surface is coated with protective layer material is obtained, solidification
The thermochromism fiber with core pack arrangement is obtained afterwards.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that obtain the thermochromic layer by thermal softening wire drawing
Afterwards, pass through clad material described in magnetron sputtering method, brushing or spray coating in the outside of the thermochromic layer.
9. the thermochromism fiber that preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is prepared.
10. the application of thermochromism fiber as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that be used to prepare color-changeable fabric.
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