CN115058629B - GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use proportion of return materials - Google Patents

GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use proportion of return materials Download PDF

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CN115058629B
CN115058629B CN202210760996.0A CN202210760996A CN115058629B CN 115058629 B CN115058629 B CN 115058629B CN 202210760996 A CN202210760996 A CN 202210760996A CN 115058629 B CN115058629 B CN 115058629B
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CN115058629A (en
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闫森
栾吉哲
李爱民
张欢欢
刘猛
韩守业
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Avic Shangda Superalloy Materials Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy smelting, and particularly discloses a GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of return materials. The smelting process comprises the following steps: carrying out chemical component analysis on the return material, and carrying out new material batching according to the component requirements of the GH2026 alloy; heating and melting the return material, and adding new materials except titanium element and boron element when the return material is melted by 60-80 wt%, and melting to obtain molten steel; refining the molten steel to obtain refined molten steel; performing content fine adjustment on elements except boron in the refined molten steel, and performing content fine adjustment on the boron in the refined molten steel to obtain standard molten steel; and casting the standard molten steel in an argon atmosphere to obtain the GH2026 alloy. According to the invention, the GH2026 alloy with short smelting period and accurate components is obtained through the accurate control of the charging sequence, the temperature of each stage and the vacuum degree in the smelting process.

Description

GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use proportion of return materials
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy smelting, in particular to a GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of return materials.
Background
GH2026 alloy is American Refactaloy-26 brand, and is a precipitation strengthening type superalloy based on Ni-Co-Cr-Fe. The GH2026 alloy has excellent comprehensive performance, especially excellent stress relaxation resistance and creep resistance, has a long-term use temperature ranging from 540 ℃ to 570 ℃, a maximum use temperature of 675 ℃, and good plasticity at the use temperature, is an ideal material for fasteners, and is mainly used for high-temperature parts such as supercritical, ultra-supercritical turbine blades, fasteners and the like.
When GH2026 alloy is produced at present, all the blended raw materials use pure metal, so that the later-stage components of steelmaking are very easy to fail to meet the target requirements, the weight of the added metal is more (about 80-100 kg/t), the mixed impurity elements cannot be completely removed, the purity of the alloy is reduced, and the comprehensive performance of the alloy such as strength and toughness deviation is large. In addition, because the alloy titanium content is close to 3.00%, segregation is easy to generate due to the influence of the addition amount and the addition time in the steelmaking process, and compounds such as titanium oxide, titanium carbonitride and the like are extremely easy to form, the alloy contains higher oxygen and nitrogen elements, and the mechanical property and the subsequent hot working of the alloy are adversely affected.
The alloy has a large proportion of scrap and the like generated during machining after casting and discarded parts, and the scrap is called return materials. However, a certain amount of inclusions such as oxides and carbonitrides are present in the return material, and these inclusions are extremely easily incorporated into the molten steel during the remelting process of the return material, and are difficult to separate. Moreover, when the use proportion of the return material is high, the defects are difficult to overcome, and the quality of the GH2026 alloy is seriously affected. Therefore, the research of the alloy smelting method with high use ratio of the return material has important significance for recycling the return material and improving the economic benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of returned materials, which can not only avoid titanium element segregation, but also separate impurities and gases in molten steel completely by controlling the feeding sequence and refining temperature, thus obtaining the GH2026 alloy with excellent comprehensive performance.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a smelting process of GH2026 alloy with high use ratio of return materials, wherein smelting raw materials comprise the return materials and new materials, and the smelting process comprises the following steps of:
step one, carrying out chemical component analysis on the returned material, and carrying out new material batching according to the component requirements of GH2026 alloy;
heating and melting the returned material, and adding new materials except titanium element and boron element when the returned material is melted by 60-80 wt%, so as to obtain molten steel;
step three, refining the molten steel at 1470-1560 ℃ and under the vacuum degree of 1-3 Pa to obtain refined molten steel;
step four, performing content fine adjustment on elements except boron in the refined molten steel at 1470-1540 ℃, and performing content fine adjustment on the boron in the refined molten steel at 1480-1520 ℃ to obtain standard molten steel;
and fifthly, casting the standard molten steel under the argon atmosphere, and remelting electroslag to obtain the GH2026 alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of return materials has the following advantages:
according to the method, the return materials are added firstly by controlling the adding sequence of the raw materials, and the new materials are added when the return materials are melted by 60-80 wt%, so that bridging can not be generated after the new materials are added, the problem that full melting cannot be generated is avoided, and the problem that the new materials are added into molten steel to generate splashing is also avoided; meanwhile, after refining, the content of titanium is finely adjusted, only a small amount of new titanium material (about 30 kg/t) is needed to be added, the segregation coefficient is greatly reduced on the premise of ensuring the component to be satisfied, and the metallurgical quality of GH2026 alloy is obviously improved; in addition, the temperature and the pressure in the refining period are controlled, so that impurities of the crucible refractory are prevented from being fused into molten steel, impurities and gas in the molten steel can be fully floated, and harmful elements such as lead, bismuth, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen in the molten steel are removed completely, so that GH2026 alloy with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained.
According to the GH2026 alloy, through accurate control of the feeding sequence, the temperature at each stage and the vacuum degree in the smelting process, the GH2026 alloy with short smelting period and accurate component control is obtained, the problem of recycling a large amount of returned materials of the alloy is solved, and obvious economic benefits are generated.
The returned material is obtained by cleaning a great amount of waste materials generated in the machining process of metal and metal turning materials. The specific cleaning process can be a cleaning process in the application number of CN202111556516.0 and the patent name of 'a rare noble metal turning material cleaning process'.
Optionally, the refining comprises 2-4 degassing cycles, and each degassing cycle time is 20-30 min.
Optionally, each degassing period comprises a stirring process and a standing process, wherein the time of the stirring process is 5-15 min, and the time of the standing process is 10-20 min.
Optionally, electromagnetic stirring is adopted in the stirring process, and the power of the electromagnetic stirring is 400 KW-800 KW.
The preferable refining process ensures that the inclusion and the gas float sufficiently, harmful elements such as lead, bismuth, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and the like in the molten steel are removed cleanly through the CO bubble floating and vacuumizing process, the uniform and inferior qualification of the gas content is ensured, the oxygen content is less than or equal to 30ppm, the nitrogen content is less than or equal to 80ppm, and the product quality is stable.
Optionally, the conditions of melting are: the temperature is 1490-1510 ℃ and the vacuum degree is 0-30 Pa.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the return material in the smelting raw material is 80% -90%.
The method selects the high use proportion of the return materials, so that the use of brand new metal materials is reduced, the component stability is good, the supplement amount in the later smelting stage is small, excessive impurity element introduction can be effectively avoided, performance fluctuation caused by insufficient floating due to insufficient period in the later smelting stage is avoided, and the quality stability is greatly improved; meanwhile, the return material with high proportion is adopted, so that the economic benefit is remarkably improved.
Optionally, the casting conditions are: the temperature is 1480-1520 ℃, the time is 5-8 min, and the pressure is 2800-3200 Pa.
Optionally, in the fourth step, the content of carbon element in the refined molten steel is finely adjusted at 1470-1540 ℃, and then the content of the rest elements except boron element is finely adjusted.
In the fourth step, the content of carbon element in the refined molten steel is finely adjusted, and then the content of metal elements except boron element, such as Ni, co, cr, ti, mo, is finely adjusted.
Optionally, the new material comprises at least one of M-Ni, M-Co, M-Cr, M-Mo, mo-Fe, M-Ti, pure iron, graphite electrode or ferroboron.
The M-Ni is Ni-9996 or Ni-9999; the M-Co is Co9998; the M-Cr is JCr-A.
The new material only comprises Ni, co, cr, ti, mo, C, fe, B and other elements.
Optionally, the standard molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, ni:35.0 to 39.0 percent, co:18.0 to 22.0 percent, cr:16.0 to 20.0 percent, ti:2.5 to 3.0 percent, mo:2.5 to 3.5 percent, B:0.001 to 0.10 percent, less than or equal to 1.5 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, and the balance of Fe.
Further optionally, the standard molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.04%, ni:37.0%, co:20.0%, cr:18.0%, ti:2.85%, mo:3.0%, B:0.005%, si less than or equal to 1.0%, mn less than or equal to 0.7%, al less than or equal to 0.2%, P less than or equal to 0.015%, S less than or equal to 0.03%, and the balance being Fe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of return materials, wherein smelting raw materials comprise the return materials and new materials, and the smelting process comprises the following steps of:
step one, carrying out chemical component analysis on the return material, and carrying out new material batching according to the component requirement of GH2026 alloy, wherein the weight ratio of the return material in the smelting raw material is 90%;
heating and melting the return material at 1500 ℃ under the condition of 25Pa of vacuum degree, and adding new materials except titanium element and boron element when 70wt% of the return material is melted, so as to obtain molten steel;
step three, refining the molten steel at the temperature of 1500+/-5 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 2Pa to obtain refined molten steel, wherein the refining comprises 3 degassing periods, each degassing period comprises a stirring process and a standing process, the time of the stirring process is 10min, the time of the standing process is 15min, and the stirring process adopts electromagnetic stirring with the power of 400 KW;
step four, fine tuning the content of carbon elements in the refined molten steel at 1500+/-5 ℃, then fine tuning the content of metal elements except boron, such as Ni, co, cr, ti, mo, and the like, and after the content of the elements except boron is qualified, fine tuning the content of boron in the refined molten steel at 1520 ℃ to obtain standard molten steel; the standard molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.04%, ni:37.0%, co:20.0%, cr:18.0%, ti:2.85%, mo:3.0%, B:0.005%, si less than or equal to 1.0%, mn less than or equal to 0.7%, al less than or equal to 0.2%, P less than or equal to 0.015%, S less than or equal to 0.03%, and the balance being Fe;
and fifthly, casting the electrode for 7.5min by adopting vacuum induction under the conditions that the temperature is 1480 ℃ and the pressure is 3000Pa, and then carrying out electroslag remelting, surface polishing and hot working on the standard molten steel to obtain the GH2026 alloy with the diameter of 150 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of return materials, wherein smelting raw materials comprise the return materials and new materials, and the smelting process comprises the following steps of:
step one, carrying out chemical component analysis on the return material, and carrying out new material batching according to the component requirement of GH2026 alloy, wherein the weight ratio of the return material in the smelting raw material is 80%;
heating and melting the return material at 1490 ℃ under the vacuum degree of 5Pa, and adding new materials except titanium element and boron element when the return material is melted by 60wt%, so as to obtain molten steel;
step three, refining the molten steel at 1480+/-5 ℃ and under the vacuum degree of 1Pa to obtain refined molten steel, wherein the refining comprises 4 degassing periods, each degassing period comprises a stirring process and a standing process, the time of the stirring process is 5min, the time of the standing process is 20min, and the stirring process adopts electromagnetic stirring with the power of 800 KW;
step four, fine tuning the content of carbon elements in the refined molten steel at 1480+/-5 ℃, then fine tuning the content of metal elements except boron, such as Ni, co, cr, ti, mo, and the like, and after the content of the elements except boron is qualified, fine tuning the content of boron in the refined molten steel at 1480 ℃ to obtain standard molten steel; the standard molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.04%, ni:37.0%, co:20.0%, cr:18.0%, ti:2.85%, mo:3.0%, B:0.005%, si less than or equal to 1.0%, mn less than or equal to 0.7%, al less than or equal to 0.2%, P less than or equal to 0.015%, S less than or equal to 0.03%, and the balance being Fe;
and fifthly, casting the electrode for 5min by adopting vacuum induction under the conditions that the temperature is 1520 ℃ and the pressure is 2800Pa, and then carrying out electroslag remelting, surface polishing and hot working to obtain the GH2026 alloy with the diameter of 150 mm.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of return materials, wherein smelting raw materials comprise the return materials and new materials, and the smelting process comprises the following steps of:
step one, carrying out chemical component analysis on the return material, and carrying out new material batching according to the component requirement of GH2026 alloy, wherein the weight ratio of the return material in the smelting raw material is 85%;
heating and melting the return material at 1510 ℃ under the condition of 15Pa of vacuum degree, and adding new materials except titanium element and boron element when the return material is melted by 80wt%, so as to obtain molten steel;
step three, refining the molten steel at the temperature of 1540+/-5 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 3Pa to obtain refined molten steel, wherein the refining comprises 2 degassing periods, each degassing period comprises a stirring process and a standing process, the time of the stirring process is 15min, the time of the standing process is 15min, and the stirring process adopts electromagnetic stirring with the power of 600 KW;
trimming the content of carbon elements in the refined molten steel at 1530+/-5 ℃, then trimming the content of metal elements except boron, such as Ni, co, cr, ti, mo, and the like, and trimming the content of boron elements in the refined molten steel at 1500 ℃ to obtain standard molten steel after the content of the elements except boron is qualified; the standard molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.04%, ni:37.0%, co:20.0%, cr:18.0%, ti:2.85%, mo:3.0%, B:0.005%, si less than or equal to 1.0%, mn less than or equal to 0.7%, al less than or equal to 0.2%, P less than or equal to 0.015%, S less than or equal to 0.03%, and the balance being Fe;
and fifthly, casting the electrode for 8min by adopting vacuum induction under the condition that the temperature is 1500 ℃ and the pressure is 3200Pa, and then carrying out electroslag remelting, surface polishing and hot working on the electrode to obtain the GH2026 alloy with the diameter of 150 mm.
In order to better illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the following is further compared with examples of the present invention.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a high return charge use ratio GH2026 alloy smelting process differing from example 1 only in that: and step three, refining the molten steel at the temperature of 1600+/-5 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 2Pa to obtain refined molten steel, wherein the refining comprises 3 degassing periods, each degassing period comprises a stirring process and a standing process, the time of the stirring process is 10min, the time of the standing process is 15min, and the stirring process adopts electromagnetic stirring with the power of 400 KW.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of return materials, the return materials are added together with new materials, and heating and melting are carried out at the same time, and the specific smelting process comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out chemical component analysis on the return material, and carrying out new material batching according to the component requirement of GH2026 alloy, wherein the weight ratio of the return material in the smelting raw material is 90%;
step two, heating and melting the returned material and the new material at 1500 ℃ and under the vacuum degree of 25Pa to obtain molten steel;
step three, refining the molten steel at the temperature of 1500+/-5 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 2Pa to obtain refined molten steel, wherein the refining comprises 3 degassing periods, each degassing period comprises a stirring process and a standing process, the time of the stirring process is 10min, the time of the standing process is 15min, and the stirring process adopts electromagnetic stirring with the power of 400 KW;
step four, fine adjustment is carried out on the content of each element in the refined molten steel at 1500+/-5 ℃ to obtain standard molten steel; the standard molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.04%, ni:37.0%, co:20.0%, cr:18.0%, ti:2.85%, mo:3.0%, B:0.005%, si less than or equal to 1.0%, mn less than or equal to 0.7%, al less than or equal to 0.2%, P less than or equal to 0.015%, S less than or equal to 0.03%, and the balance being Fe;
and fifthly, casting the electrode for 7.5min by adopting vacuum induction under the conditions that the temperature is 1480 ℃ and the pressure is 3000Pa, and then carrying out electroslag remelting, surface polishing and hot working on the standard molten steel to obtain the GH2026 alloy with the diameter of 150 mm.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example 3 provides a GH2026 alloy, prepared using a new metal feedstock, sample from medium to high superalloy materials Co., ltd.
To better illustrate the characteristics of the GH2026 alloys provided in the examples of the present invention, the GH2026 alloys prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to chemical composition analysis and mechanical property detection, respectively, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2 below.
TABLE 1 chemical composition analysis results
As can be seen from Table 1, the GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of return materials is adopted, and the composition stability is better under the premise of greatly reducing the use of new materials by controlling refining conditions and feeding sequence.
TABLE 2 mechanical Property detection results
The room temperature stretching detection method comprises the following steps: GB/T228.1-2010 wherein σ is as described above b Is tensile strength; sigma of the above 0.2 Yield strength at 0.2% elongation for the material; delta as described above 5 Elongation at 5 diameters of the original gauge length; the above-mentioned psi is the shrinkage.
The method for detecting the durability comprises the following steps: GB/T2039-2012, wherein Z is the end face shrinkage.
As can be seen from Table 2, the GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of the return material reduces the use of new materials, has less supplementary quantity in the later smelting stage, can effectively avoid excessive carry-over of impurity elements, and has good comprehensive performance of the prepared GH2026 alloy.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A GH2026 alloy smelting process with high use ratio of return materials is characterized in that: the smelting raw materials comprise return materials and new materials, and the smelting process comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out chemical component analysis on the returned material, and carrying out new material batching according to the component requirements of GH2026 alloy;
heating and melting the returned material, and adding new materials except titanium element and boron element when the returned material is melted by 60-80 wt%, so as to obtain molten steel;
step three, refining the molten steel at 1470-1560 ℃ and under the vacuum degree of 1-3 Pa to obtain refined molten steel;
step four, performing content fine adjustment on elements except boron in the refined molten steel at 1470-1540 ℃, and performing content fine adjustment on the boron in the refined molten steel at 1480-1520 ℃ to obtain standard molten steel;
step five, casting the standard molten steel under the argon atmosphere, and remelting electroslag to obtain the GH2026 alloy;
the conditions of the melting are as follows: the temperature is 1490-1510 ℃ and the vacuum degree is 0-30 Pa;
the weight ratio of the return material in the smelting raw material is 80-90%.
2. A high return charge use ratio GH2026 alloy smelting process according to claim 1, wherein: the refining comprises 2-4 degassing cycles, and the time of each degassing cycle is 20-30 min.
3. A high return charge use ratio GH2026 alloy smelting process according to claim 2, wherein: each degassing period comprises a stirring process and a standing process, wherein the time of the stirring process is 5-15 min, and the time of the standing process is 10-20 min.
4. A high return charge use ratio GH2026 alloy smelting process according to claim 3, wherein: the stirring process adopts electromagnetic stirring, and the power of the electromagnetic stirring is 400 KW-800 KW.
5. A high return charge use ratio GH2026 alloy smelting process according to claim 1, wherein: the casting conditions are as follows: the temperature is 1480-1520 ℃, the time is 5-8 min, and the pressure is 2800-3200 Pa.
6. A high return charge use ratio GH2026 alloy smelting process according to claim 1, wherein: and fourthly, carrying out content fine adjustment on carbon elements in the refined molten steel at 1470-1540 ℃ and carrying out content fine adjustment on the residual elements except boron elements.
7. A high return charge use ratio GH2026 alloy smelting process according to claim 1, wherein: the new material comprises at least one of M-Ni, M-Co, M-Cr, M-Mo, mo-Fe, M-Ti, pure iron, graphite electrode or ferroboron.
8. A high return charge use ratio GH2026 alloy smelting process according to claim 1, wherein: the standard molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, ni:35.0 to 39.0 percent, co:18.0 to 22.0 percent, cr:16.0 to 20.0 percent, ti:2.5 to 3.0 percent, mo:2.5 to 3.5 percent, B:0.001 to 0.10 percent, less than or equal to 1.5 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, and the balance of Fe.
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