CN115056946A - Ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device and method for monitoring whale dolphins - Google Patents
Ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device and method for monitoring whale dolphins Download PDFInfo
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- CN115056946A CN115056946A CN202210390499.6A CN202210390499A CN115056946A CN 115056946 A CN115056946 A CN 115056946A CN 202210390499 A CN202210390499 A CN 202210390499A CN 115056946 A CN115056946 A CN 115056946A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/48—Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/49—Floating structures with underwater viewing devices, e.g. with windows ; Arrangements on floating structures of underwater viewing devices, e.g. on boats
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/001—Acoustic presence detection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B2205/00—Tethers
- B63B2205/02—Tether payout means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention discloses a ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device and method for monitoring whale dolphins, and relates to the technical field of wild animal protection. The ship carrying platform bears the extension assembly, and the equipment is carried by the dragging assembly for investigation. The invention discloses a ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device and method for monitoring whale dolphins, which have small environmental dependence; only one observer is needed to observe the dragged instrument; the data acquired by the acoustic monitoring technology has good independence, and the observation error caused by the difference of the ability and experience of an observer during artificial observation can be reduced; more than 1 or even 10 times the animal population was detected. In the case of a single animal, the method of acoustic investigation enables up to 5 times more animals to be detected than the method of visual investigation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wild animal protection, in particular to a ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device and method for monitoring whale dolphins.
Background
The whale dolphin has important ecological value and also has important bionic value. In China, all whales are at least national second-grade treasure protected animals. In the course of the investigation of cetaceans, the traditional approach is visual investigation. As whale dolphins breathe by means of the lungs, they must breathe out of water on average every few tens of seconds or minutes, so that they can be observed by observing the event of water exchange of animals through a telescope or directly by naked eyes. However, visual inspection of cetaceans in the field is itself a great challenge, especially for those smaller and small populations. It is more difficult to visually inspect the dolphins who have few obvious signs for identification (no dorsal fins), rapid and short-lasting outlet breathing behavior, and insignificant differences in body and water color.
Sounds that are reused by a vocalizing animal are generally species-specific. Aquatic mammals, especially whale dolphins, develop gradually in the long-term species evolution process and perfect a set of precise sonar system to help the aquatic mammals to smoothly carry out important life activities including communication, navigation, predation and the like among individuals. While cetaceans will very frequently use high energy sonar signals for communication and navigation, which allows them to be monitored using acoustic monitoring techniques.
How to quickly and simply carry out acoustic monitoring on the whale dolphins becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently by whale dolphins protection workers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device and method for monitoring whale dolphins, which are used for monitoring whale dolphins.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device for monitoring whale dolphins, which comprises a ship carrying platform, an extension assembly and a towing assembly, wherein the ship carrying platform is provided with a plurality of groups of parallel arms;
an electric wire rewinding device and a binding pile are arranged on the ship carrying platform;
the extension assembly comprises an extension rod, an extension rod slide rail and an extension rod traction rope; the extension rod slide rail is arranged on a main deck at the tail end of the ship; the extension rod is slidably arranged on the extension rod slide rail;
the dragging component comprises a dragging main rope, and the dragging main rope comprises a recovery branch rope and a stressed branch rope;
one end of the recovery branch rope is connected with a position, close to one end, of the stressed branch rope, the other end of the recovery branch rope is connected with the electric spooler, and the electric spooler is used for recovering and externally releasing the dragging main rope;
one end of the extension rod traction rope is used for being bound on the tail end of the extension rod, and the other end of the extension rod traction rope is connected with one end of the stressed branch rope;
the stressed branch rope is sequentially provided with a balance weight rod, a depth gauge, a monitor fixing groove and a floater from one end to the other end; the monitor fixed slot is used for fixing a monitor.
Optionally, a storage box is further arranged on the ship carrying platform; the containing box is used for containing the stress branch rope from the balance weight rod to the other end part of the stress branch rope.
Optionally, the extension assembly further comprises a shackle; the shackle is arranged on the end part of the other end of the extension rod traction rope and the end part of the stress supporting rope respectively, and the stress supporting rope is connected with the shackle at the other end of the extension rod traction rope through the shackle.
Optionally, the extension assembly further comprises a deployment rope; cloth put rope one end with the extension rod is kept away from the tip that stretches out the end and is connected, through drawing cloth put the rope in order to realize the extension rod extend and withdraw to the ship outside.
Optionally, a universal ring is arranged between the monitor fixing groove and the floater.
Optionally, the extension rod is made of a seamless steel pipe, the length of the extension rod is 20 cm less than the width of the main deck at the tail end of the ship, the outer diameter of the extension rod is larger than or equal to 6 cm, and the thickness of the pipe wall is larger than or equal to 0.5 cm.
Optionally, the length of the extension rod slide rail is the same as that of the extension rod, screw holes are formed in positions, 80 cm away from end points, of two ends of the extension rod, and the hole diameter is 1.2 cm; a through screw hole with the aperture of 1.0 cm is arranged at a position 80 cm away from the end part of the extension rod far away from the extension end; when the screw hole on the extension rod corresponds to the through screw hole on the extension rod slide rail, the extension rod and the extension rod slide rail are kept fixed by inserting the screw rod.
Optionally, two ends of the extension rod are respectively provided with a pull ring, and the pull rings are used for being connected with the ropes at the two ends of the extension rod.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring the ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device of whale dolphins, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a ship carrying platform; measuring to obtain the width of a main deck at the tail end of a ship of the survey ship and the noise level of a ship carrying platform;
step two: manufacturing and installing an extension component, namely manufacturing and installing the extension component according to the data measured in the step one, wherein the length of the part of the extension rod extending out of the investigation ship is smaller than the length of the extension rod traction rope, the length of the part of the extension rod remaining on an extension rod slide rail of the investigation ship is 1 meter, and the length of the extension rod traction rope is the sum of the length of the part of the extension rod extending out of the investigation ship and 1 meter;
step three: manufacturing a towing assembly, namely manufacturing the towing assembly according to the data measured in the step one, wherein the length of a towing main rope is determined by the noise level of the ship carrying platform;
step four: assembling the ship carrying platform and the extension assembly, and welding the extension rod slide rail on a deck at the stern of the ship carrying platform;
step five: assembling a dragging assembly; fixing the tail end, close to the ship side, of the recovery branch rope dragging the main rope in an electric wire winding device, fixing a monitoring instrument in a monitor fixing groove, winding and placing the part, close to the recovery branch rope, of the main rope dragging, from a balance weight rod to a floater in a containing box of a ship carrying platform, and winding the part, close to the recovery branch rope, of the main rope dragging in the electric wire winding device;
step six: dragging and inspecting; in the equipment laying stage, the survey ship firstly navigates linearly at a low speed, and when the equipment is laid, the laying rope of the extension rod is firstly pulled to extend the extension rod outwards, and the screw hole of the extension rod, which penetrates through the screw hole and the extension rod slide rail, is aligned with the screw hole and is fixed by a screw rod, so that the extension rod is prevented from loosening and falling off in the dragging process; adjusting the reinforcing rope of the extension rod to enable the reinforcing rope to be firmly bound on a binding pile of a ship to form triangular tension; throwing the tail end of a floater of a towing main rope into the water surface towards the side surface of the stern, slowly sending the towing main rope into water along with water flow, taking down an extension rod towing rope when a stressed branch rope of the towing main rope is reached, hanging the stressed branch rope of the towing main rope and a shackle of the extension rod towing rope mutually, then continuously and slowly releasing a recovery branch rope of the towing main rope, tying the recovery branch rope of the towing main rope on a mast of an investigation ship after the extension rod towing rope is straightened under stress, forming a stressed section of a towing system by the stressed branch rope of the towing main rope and the extension rod towing rope at the moment, and enabling the investigation ship to accelerate and keep a target speed to sail; the speed of the survey ship needs to exceed the swimming speed of whale dolphins;
step seven: equipment recovery and data downloading; after the inspection is finished, the inspection boat decelerates and keeps low-speed navigation, then an electric wire-rewinding device is started to rewind a rewinding branch rope of a towing main rope, after a stressed branch rope of the towing main rope is rewound, a shackle between the stressed branch rope and an extension rod traction rope is disconnected, the shackle of the extension rod traction rope is hung on a mast of the inspection boat, then the towing main rope is continuously rewound, when a counterweight rod is soon received, the electric wire-rewinding device is closed, and then the rest part of the towing main rope is rewound into a containing box of the inspection boat; taking down the extension rod and the screw rod on the extension rod slide rail, pulling the cloth releasing rope to the ship side to pull the extension rod back into the extension rod slide rail of the investigation ship, fixing the extension rod and the extension rod by the screw rod penetrating through screw holes of the extension rod slide rail and the screw rod, and tightening the reinforcing rope to a binding rod of the investigation ship; and taking down the investigation equipment from the monitor fixing groove and downloading data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the environmental dependency is small. The acoustic monitoring can acquire data such as appearance, distribution, relative diversity degree and acoustic behavior of the whale dolphins in different time and space scale ranges. We can even use this technique to monitor animals in harsh environments and in low visibility, such as nighttime, foggy, rainy, etc. Which are what conventional research methods expect.
2. And a labor-saving type investigation mode. Visual inspection usually requires a plurality of observers with abundant visual observation experience to carry out data collection, while the towed mobile acoustic monitoring only requires one observer to observe the towed instrument.
3. The data independence is strong, and the system error is small. The data acquired by the acoustic monitoring technology has good independence, and can reduce observation errors caused by differences of abilities and experiences of observers in artificial observation.
4. The method has more efficient monitoring rate for small group animals. Acoustic methods are generally able to detect 1-fold or even 10-fold more animal populations than visual methods. In the case of a single animal, the method of acoustic investigation enables up to 5 times more animals to be detected than the method of visual investigation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring whale dolphins;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring whale dolphins according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring whale dolphins according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an extension assembly of the ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring whale dolphins according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an extension rod slide rail in the ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device for monitoring whale dolphins;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring recovery states of whale dolphins;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement state of the extension components of the ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring whale dolphins;
fig. 8 is a comparison graph of the monitoring effect of the towed acoustic inspection method and the visual inspection method on the Changjiang river finless porpoise.
Description of reference numerals: 2. dragging the main rope; 3. a weight lever; 4. a depth meter; 5. a monitor fixing groove; 6. a gimbal ring; 7. a float; 8. a water surface; 9. an electric wire rewinding device; 10. an extension rod slide rail; 11. an extension rod; 12. shackle dismounting; 13. an extension rod traction rope; 14. a pull ring; 15. reinforcing the rope; 16. laying a rope; 17. a survey vessel; 18. a mast; 19. a storage box; 20. a screw; 21. recovering the branch rope; 22. a stressed branch rope; 23. binding the piles; 111. and penetrates through the screw hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection apparatus for monitoring whale dolphins, which includes a ship carrying platform, an extension assembly and a towing assembly; an electric wire rewinding device 9 and a binding pile 23 are arranged on the ship carrying platform; the extension assembly comprises an extension rod 11, an extension rod slide rail 10 and an extension rod traction rope 13; the extension rod slide rail 10 is arranged on a main deck at the tail end of the ship; the extension rod 11 is slidably arranged on the extension rod slide rail 10; the dragging component comprises a dragging main rope 2, and the dragging main rope 2 comprises a recovery branch rope 21 and a stressed branch rope 22; one end of the recovery branch rope 21 is connected with the position, close to one end, of the stress branch rope 22, the other end of the recovery branch rope 21 is connected with the electric spooler 9, and the electric spooler 9 is used for recovering and externally releasing the dragging main rope 2; one end of an extension rod traction rope 13 is used for being bound on the tail end of the extension rod 11, and the other end of the extension rod traction rope 13 is connected with one end of a stress supporting rope 22; the stressed branch rope 22 is sequentially provided with a balance weight rod 3, a depth gauge 4, a monitor fixing groove 5 and a floater 7 from one end to the other end; the monitor fixing groove 5 is used for fixing a monitor.
In this embodiment, the ship carrying platform is further provided with a storage box 19; the storage box 19 is used for storing the main towing rope 2 from the weight rod 3 to the other end part of the stressed branch rope 22.
The extension assembly further includes a shackle 12; the shackle 12 is respectively arranged at the end part of the other end of the extension rod pulling rope 13 and the end part of the stress supporting rope, and the stress supporting rope 22 is connected with the shackle at the other end of the extension rod pulling rope 13 through the shackle 12.
The extension assembly further includes a deployment line 16; one end of the cloth releasing rope 16 is connected with the end part of the extension rod 11 far away from the extending end, and the cloth releasing rope 16 is pulled to realize the extending and retracting of the extension rod 11 to the outside of the ship.
A universal ring 6 is arranged between the monitor fixing groove 5 and the floater 7.
The extension rod 11 is made of seamless steel tubes, the length of the extension rod is 20 cm reduced from the width of the main deck at the tail end of the ship, the outer diameter of the extension rod is more than or equal to 6 cm, and the thickness of the tube wall is more than or equal to 0.5 cm.
The length of the extension rod slide rail 10 is the same as that of the extension rod 11, screw holes 101 are formed in positions, 80 cm away from end points, of two ends of the extension rod slide rail 10, and the hole diameter is 1.2 cm; a through screw hole 111 with the aperture of 1.0 cm is arranged at a position 80 cm away from the end part of the extension rod 11 far away from the extension end; when the screw hole 111 of the extension rod 11 corresponds to the through screw hole 101 of the extension rod slide rail 10, the extension rod 11 and the extension rod slide rail 10 are fixed by inserting the screw rod 20.
Two ends of the extension rod 11 are respectively welded with a pull ring 14, and the pull rings 14 are used for being connected with ropes at two ends of the extension rod 11.
Example two
The embodiment provides a method for monitoring a ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device of whale dolphins based on the first embodiment, which mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a ship carrying platform; the deck of the ship carrying platform is provided with an electric wire rewinding device 9, a binding pile 23 and a storage box 19, and the ship carrying platform can be various ships such as a cargo ship, a speedboat, a fishing boat and the like. The width of the main deck at the tail end of the vessel (H1) and the noise level of the vessel on-board the platform itself are measured.
Step two: and (4) manufacturing and installing an extension assembly, namely manufacturing the extension assembly according to the data measured in the step one, wherein the extension assembly consists of an extension rod 11, an extension rod slide rail 10, an extension rod pull rope 13, a pull rope shackle 12 and a cloth release rope 16. The extension rod 11 is made of a seamless steel tube, the length of the extension rod is H1-20 cm, the outer diameter of the extension rod is more than or equal to 6 cm, and the thickness of the tube wall is more than or equal to 0.5 cm. The upper surface of the extension rod slide rail 10 is made into a circular arc surface, so that the extension rod 11 can move on the slide rail conveniently. The length of the extension rod slide rail 10 is the same as that of the extension rod 11, a penetrating hole is formed at the position, 80 cm away from the end point, of the two ends of the extension rod slide rail 10, and the hole diameter is 1.2 cm. 11 both ends of extension rod all weld pull ring 14, and 11 one end of extension rod is tied up and is tied up extension rod haulage rope 13 backward, and the end of haulage rope is tied up and is tied up reinforcing rope 15 by shackle 12, the place ahead at this pull ring 14 simultaneously. The other end of the extension pole 11 is bound with a cloth releasing rope 16. A through hole is drilled at the position 80 cm away from the tail end of the extension rod 11 at the side of the laying rope 16, and the hole diameter is 1.0 cm. The diameters of the cloth pay-off cords 16, the extension rod pulling cords 13 and the reinforcing cords 15 are all 1.2 cm. The length (H3) of the part of the extension rod 11 extending out of the test vessel 17 is less than the length (H4) of the extension rod traction rope 13, and the length of the part of the extension rod 11 remaining on the extension rod slide rail 10 of the test vessel 17 is (H2). Typically H2 is 1 meter in length, H4 ═ H3+1 meter.
Step three: and (3) manufacturing a dragging assembly according to the data measured in the step one, wherein the dragging assembly consists of a dragging main rope, a dragging rope recovery branch rope 21, a dragging rope stress branch rope 22, a counterweight rod 3, a depth gauge 4, a monitor fixing groove 5, a universal ring 6 and a floater 7. The dragging main rope is used for carrying and dragging instruments, and the dragging rope recovery supporting rope 21 is used for being connected with the electric wire rewinding device 9 and recovering the dragging main rope and equipment. The force-bearing end of the towing rope is tied with a shackle 12, and the towing rope is connected with the shackle 12 of the extension rod towing rope 13 in series to play a role of a towing arm in towing. The weight of the weight rod 3 can be adjusted, and the depth of the monitor under water is adjusted by adjusting the weight of the weight rod 3 (H6). The depth gauge 4 is used for taking notes the degree of depth of monitor under water, and monitor fixed slot 5 is used for fixed monitoring instrument, and float 7 is used for adjusting the degree of depth of monitoring instrument under water, avoids the instrument to scrape the bottom at the in-process that drags, and universal ring 6 is used for alleviating drag system and produces great torsional force to dragging rope because of excessive rotation in the drag in-process. The length of the tail end rope of the floater 7 is 5 m, and the tail end rope is used for stabilizing the towing system and preventing large tail swing movement during towing. The distance between universal ring 6 and the float 7 is 2 meters, and the distance of 5 distance universal rings 6 in monitor fixed slot is 3 meters, and the distance of 5 distance depth gauges 4 in monitor fixed slot is 1 meter, and the distance of 4 distance depth gauges 3 is 10 meters. The length of the haulage rope stress supporting rope 22 is 2 meters, and the haulage rope stress supporting rope 22 and the recovery supporting rope 21 are provided with a length binding area of 1 meter. The distance (H5) between the main towing rope and the weight lever 3 from the stressed supporting rope 22 is determined by the noise of the ship carrying platform, and if the noise of the ship carrying platform is relatively high, H5 can be prolonged to reduce the noise interference of the noise of the ship carrying platform on the monitor. Theoretically the longer H5, the less the noise of the vessel carrying the platform itself will interfere with the monitoring equipment, but the longer H5 increases the risk of the towing installation being cut off by the vessel across it during towing. Before formal investigation, a ship noise test is required to determine the specific towing length of H5, and an optimal towing length is found from the perspective of noise interference of a ship carrying platform and safety of towing equipment. Typically the distance of H5 is selected to be 100-150 meters. The depth of the water layer from the water surface 8 (H6) where the monitoring equipment is located during towing can be adjusted by the number of the conditional weight levers 3 and recorded by the depth meter 4.
Step four: assembling the ship carrying platform and the extension assembly, welding the extension rod slide rail 10 on a deck at the stern of the ship carrying platform, and respectively keeping the distance between the two ends of the extension rod slide rail 10 and the edge of the deck at the stern of the ship carrying platform by 10 cm. When the extension rod is not used, the extension rod 11 is stored in the extension rod slide rail 10 and is fixed by the screw rod 20 penetrating through the screw hole 111 at the end of the extension rod 11 where the rope 16 is arranged and the screw hole 101 on the extension rod slide rail 10. The tail end of the extension rod traction rope 13 is tied to the mast 18 at the stern of the ship carrying platform, and is easy to take when being used conveniently. The other end of the reinforcing rope 15 of the extension rod 11 is tied to the tying pile 23 of the ship carrying platform. During the towing process, the extension rod 11 is extended out of the ship by pulling the laying rope 16.
Step five: and (5) assembling the dragging assembly. The tail end of a recovery branch rope 21 dragging a main rope close to the ship side is fixed in an electric wire rewinding device 9, a monitoring instrument is fixed in a monitor fixing groove 5, the main rope dragging is collected and placed in a containing box 19 of a ship carrying platform from a part between a counterweight rod 3 and a floater 7, and the part of the main rope dragging close to the recovery branch rope 21 is wound in the electric wire rewinding device 9. In order to prevent the cable from being entangled, when the main towing rope is put into the storage box 19, the main towing rope should be put into the storage box from the weight lever 3 side in order toward the end of the float 7.
Step six: and (5) dragging and inspecting. In the equipment laying stage, the survey ship 17 firstly sails at a low speed (5 km/h) in a straight line, and when the equipment is laid, the laying rope 16 of the extension rod 11 is firstly pulled, the extension rod 11 extends out of the ship, the extension rod 11 is aligned to the screw hole 111 penetrating through the screw hole and the screw hole 101 of the extension rod slide rail 10 and is fixed by the screw rod 20, and the extension rod 11 is prevented from loosening and falling off in the dragging process. The extension rod reinforcing rope 15 is adjusted, so that the reinforcing rope 15 is firmly bound on the binding pile 23 of the ship to form triangular tension. Throwing the tail end of the floater 7 dragging the main rope into the water surface 8 towards the side surface of the stern, slowly sending the dragging main rope into the water along the water flow, taking down the extension rod traction rope 13 in the ship mast 18 when the stressed branch rope 22 dragging the main rope is reached, hanging the stressed branch rope 22 dragging the main rope and the shackle 12 of the extension rod traction rope 13, then continuously and slowly releasing the recovery branch rope 21 dragging the main rope, tying the stressed branch rope 22 dragging the main rope and the extension rod traction rope 13 to form a stressed section of a dragging system when the extension rod traction rope 13 is stressed and straightened, and tying the recovery branch rope 21 dragging the main rope to the mast 18 of the inspection ship 17 when the recovery branch rope 21 dragging the main rope is not stressed, and then enabling the inspection ship 17 to accelerate and keep the target speed (usually 15 km/h) (fig. 3). The speed of the survey vessel 17 needs to exceed the speed at which the whale dolphins swim so that when the survey vessel 17 exceeds the whale dolphins, the whale dolphins do not swim back upstream of the survey vessel 17 resulting in a repeat count of animals. In the process of investigation, personnel are required to watch the towing system, and the towing system can be prevented from being cut off by other ships (especially the ships to be traversed) one shift per hour. The survey ship 17 deck platform both sides need install warning poster, notes: the stern of the ship is 150 meters to tow scientific research equipment, and does not need to be close to the ship, meanwhile, a person on duty needs to hold a red flag and a high-pitch playing loudspeaker so that the person on duty can be early warned to remind the stern of the equipment by going short of the notified crossing ship and some small fishing ships. In addition, the person on duty should be equipped with a high-frequency interphone, so that the person on duty can conveniently communicate with the captain in time, and can quickly make a danger avoiding response in an emergency.
In order to further improve the early warning effect to crossing boats and ships, can drag a warning rope in the offside of stern towing system, a life buoy is tied up to the rope end, and the in-process of dragging can float at surface of water 8 always, in addition, ties up on the rope of towing and tie up triangle-shaped colored flag, plays the warning effect of root number.
Step seven: device recovery and data download. After the survey is finished, the survey ship 17 decelerates and keeps sailing at a low speed (5 km/h), then the electric wire rewinding device 9 is started to rewind the rewinding branch rope 21 dragging the main rope, after the stressed branch rope 22 dragging the main rope is rewound, the shackle 12 between the stressed branch rope 22 and the extension rod traction rope 13 is disconnected, the shackle 12 of the extension rod traction rope 13 is hung on the mast 18 of the survey ship 17, then the main rope is rewound, when the counterweight rod 3 is received soon, the electric wire rewinding device 9 is closed, and then the rest part of the main rope is rewound into the containing box 19 of the survey ship 17. And taking down the extension rod 11 and the screw rod 20 on the extension rod slide rail 10, pulling the cloth releasing rope 16 to the ship side to pull the extension rod 11 back into the extension rod slide rail 10 of the survey ship 17, fixing the extension rod and the extension rod by the screw rod 20 through screw holes of the extension rod slide rail and the survey ship 17, and tightening the reinforcing rope 15 to the binding rod of the survey ship 17. And taking the investigation equipment out of the monitor fixing groove 5 and downloading data.
Step eight: and (6) analyzing the data. The sound signals of whales are identified from the recorded sound signals according to the sonar characteristics of the whales, and information about the distribution and the number of animals is obtained. In the investigation process of the Changjiang river finless porpoise, the results of synchronously developed moving acoustic investigation and visual investigation show that the monitoring rate of the towed acoustic investigation method on whales is 2 times of that of the visual investigation method, and for a group of single-head animals, the monitoring rate of the towed acoustic investigation method on whales is 5 times of that of the visual investigation method, as shown in FIG. 8.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment provides application of a ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device for monitoring whale dolphins in a marine ecosystem.
Since marine ecosystems are generally planar, the general investigation route of acoustic investigation is also generally regularly designed with equidistant parallel sample lines.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device for monitoring whale dolphins is characterized by comprising a ship carrying platform, an extension assembly and a towing assembly;
an electric wire rewinding device and a binding pile are arranged on the ship carrying platform;
the extension assembly comprises an extension rod, an extension rod slide rail and an extension rod traction rope; the extension rod slide rail is arranged on a main deck at the tail end of the ship; the extension rod is slidably arranged on the extension rod slide rail;
the dragging component comprises a dragging main rope, and the dragging main rope comprises a recovery branch rope and a stressed branch rope;
one end of the recovery branch rope is connected with a position, close to one end, of the stressed branch rope, the other end of the recovery branch rope is connected with the electric spooler, and the electric spooler is used for recovering and externally releasing the dragging main rope;
one end of the extension rod traction rope is used for being bound on the tail end of the extension rod, and the other end of the extension rod traction rope is connected with one end of the stressed branch rope;
the stressed branch rope is sequentially provided with a balance weight rod, a depth gauge, a monitor fixing groove and a floater from one end to the other end; the monitor fixed slot is used for fixing a monitor.
2. The ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring whale dolphins as claimed in claim 1, wherein a storage box is further provided on the ship carrying platform; the containing box is used for containing the stress branch rope from the balance weight rod to the other end part of the stress branch rope.
3. The ship-based towed mobile acoustic survey apparatus for monitoring whale dolphins as claimed in claim 1, wherein said extension assembly further includes a shackle; the shackle is arranged on the end part of the other end of the extension rod traction rope and the end part of the stress supporting rope respectively, and the stress supporting rope is connected with the shackle at the other end of the extension rod traction rope through the shackle.
4. The ship-based towed mobile acoustic survey apparatus for monitoring whale dolphins as claimed in claim 1, wherein said extension assembly further includes a deployment rope; cloth put rope one end with the extension rod is kept away from the tip that stretches out the end and is connected, through dragging cloth put the rope in order to realize the extension rod extend and withdraw to the ship outside.
5. The ship-based towed mobile acoustic survey apparatus for monitoring whale dolphins as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gimbal ring is provided between the monitor fixing groove and the float.
6. The ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring whale dolphins as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension rod is made of seamless steel pipes, the length of the extension rod is 20 cm less than the width of a main deck at the tail end of a ship, the outer diameter of the extension rod is greater than or equal to 6 cm, and the thickness of the pipe wall of the extension rod is greater than or equal to 0.5 cm.
7. The ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring whale dolphins as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the extension rod slide rail is the same as that of the extension rod, screw holes are arranged at positions 80 cm away from end points at two ends of the extension rod, and the diameter of each screw hole is 1.2 cm; a through screw hole with the aperture of 1.0 cm is arranged at a position 80 cm away from the end part of the extension rod far away from the extension end; when the screw hole on the extension rod corresponds to the through screw hole on the extension rod slide rail, the extension rod and the extension rod slide rail are kept fixed by inserting the screw rod.
8. The ship-based towed mobile acoustic inspection device for monitoring whale dolphins as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pull ring is disposed at each end of the extension rod, and the pull rings are used for connecting with ropes at each end of the extension rod.
9. Method for monitoring a ship-based towed mobile acoustic survey apparatus of whale dolphins according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a ship carrying platform; measuring to obtain the width of a main deck at the tail end of a ship of the survey ship and the noise level of a ship carrying platform;
step two: manufacturing and installing an extension component, namely manufacturing and installing the extension component according to the data measured in the step one, wherein the length of the part of the extension rod extending out of the investigation ship is smaller than the length of the extension rod traction rope, the length of the part of the extension rod remaining on an extension rod slide rail of the investigation ship is 1 meter, and the length of the extension rod traction rope is the sum of the length of the part of the extension rod extending out of the investigation ship and 1 meter;
step three: manufacturing a towing assembly, namely manufacturing the towing assembly according to the data measured in the step one, wherein the length of a towing main rope is determined by the noise level of the ship carrying platform;
step four: assembling the ship carrying platform and the extension assembly, and welding an extension rod slide rail on a deck at the stern of the ship carrying platform;
step five: assembling a dragging assembly; fixing the tail end, close to the ship side, of the recovery branch rope dragging the main rope in an electric wire winding device, fixing a monitoring instrument in a monitor fixing groove, winding and placing the part, close to the recovery branch rope, of the main rope dragging, from a balance weight rod to a floater in a containing box of a ship carrying platform, and winding the part, close to the recovery branch rope, of the main rope dragging in the electric wire winding device;
step six: dragging and inspecting; in the equipment laying stage, the survey ship firstly navigates linearly at a low speed, and when the equipment is laid, the laying rope of the extension rod is firstly pulled to extend the extension rod outwards, and the through screw hole of the extension rod is aligned with the screw hole of the extension rod slide rail and fixed by a screw rod, so that the extension rod is prevented from loosening and falling off in the dragging process; adjusting the reinforcing rope of the extension rod to enable the reinforcing rope to be firmly bound on a binding pile of a ship to form triangular tension; throwing the tail end of a floater of a towing main rope into the water surface towards the side surface of the stern, slowly sending the towing main rope into water along with water flow, taking down an extension rod towing rope when a stressed branch rope of the towing main rope is reached, hanging the stressed branch rope of the towing main rope and a shackle of the extension rod towing rope mutually, then continuously and slowly releasing a recovery branch rope of the towing main rope, tying the recovery branch rope of the towing main rope on a mast of an investigation ship after the extension rod towing rope is straightened under stress, forming a stressed section of a towing system by the stressed branch rope of the towing main rope and the extension rod towing rope at the moment, and enabling the investigation ship to accelerate and keep a target speed to sail; the speed of the survey ship needs to exceed the swimming speed of whale dolphins;
step seven: equipment recovery and data downloading; after the investigation is finished, the investigation ship decelerates and keeps sailing at a low speed, then an electric wire-rewinding device is started to rewind a rewinding branch rope of a towing main rope, after a stressed branch rope of the towing main rope is rewound, a shackle between the stressed branch rope and an extension rod traction rope is disconnected, the shackle of the extension rod traction rope is hung on a mast of the investigation ship, then the towing main rope is rewound, when a counterweight rod is received soon, the electric wire-rewinding device is closed, and then the rest part of the towing main rope is rewound into a containing box of the investigation ship; taking down the extension rod and the screw rod on the extension rod slide rail, pulling the cloth releasing rope to the ship side to pull the extension rod back into the extension rod slide rail of the investigation ship, fixing the extension rod and the extension rod by the screw rod penetrating through screw holes of the extension rod slide rail and the screw rod, and tightening the reinforcing rope to a binding rod of the investigation ship; and taking down the investigation equipment from the monitor fixing groove and downloading data.
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| CN202210390499.6A CN115056946B (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2022-04-14 | Ship-based towed mobile acoustic investigation device and method for monitoring whale dolphins |
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