CN115056491A - Electrical control system and method for non-metal fused deposition additive and subtractive 3D printing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrical control system and method of a non-metal fused deposition 3D printing device for adding and subtracting materials, including a control module and an additive system. The additive system includes a beating mechanism and a heating module arranged in a printing cavity. The control module is used to control the heating module to heat the printing cavity, control the printing head to process according to the preset model program to be processed, and control the flapping mechanism to flap the processed product along the printing path. The invention can prevent the deformation in the process of printing a large model, and at the same time ensure the quality and stability of the printed product.

Description

Electrical control system and method for non-metal fused deposition additive and subtractive 3D printing equipment

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular relates to an electrical control system and method of a 3D printing device for adding and subtracting non-metal fused deposition materials.

Background technique

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a method of heating and melting various hot-melt filamentous materials (wax, ABS and nylon, etc.), and it is a kind of 3D printing technology. After the hot melt material is extruded from the nozzle, it is immediately fused with the previous layer. After the deposition of one layer is completed, the worktable reduces the thickness of one layer by a predetermined increment, and then continues the meltblown deposition until the entire solid part is completed.

Fused deposition modeling technology has basically matured, and most FDM equipment has the following characteristics:

(1) The equipment works in numerical control mode, with good rigidity and stable operation;

(2) The X and Y axes are driven by precision servo motors and driven by precision ball screws;

(3) The interior of the entity is filled with grid paths, so that the surface quality of the prototype is higher;

(4) Automatic inspection and repair of STL format files can be realized;

(5) Automatic compensation of wire width to ensure parts accuracy;

(6) No drooling and high response of extrusion jet nozzle;

(7) The remote wire feeding mechanism controlled by the precision micro-pump booster system ensures the continuous and stable wire feeding process.

The reason why fused deposition modeling technology can be widely used is mainly due to its advantages that other rapid prototyping processes do not have, which are embodied in the following aspects:

(1) There is a wide range of molding materials. There are many types of materials used in fused deposition molding technology, mainly PLA, ABS, nylon, paraffin, casting wax, artificial rubber and other materials with low melting points, and low melting point metals, ceramics and other wire materials. This can be used to make models of metal materials or parts and products such as PLA plastic and nylon;

(2) The cost is relatively low, because the fused deposition modeling technology does not use a laser, and its production cost is very low compared with other rapid prototyping technologies that use a laser; in addition, its raw material utilization rate is high and almost No pollution is generated, and no chemical changes occur during the molding process, which greatly reduces the molding cost;

(3) The post-processing process is relatively simple. The support structure used in the fused deposition modeling technology is easy to remove, especially the deformation of the model is relatively small. The strong support material makes the support structure easier to peel.

Of course, compared with other rapid prototyping processes, fused deposition modeling technology still has certain shortcomings in the following aspects:

(1) Only suitable for the production of small and medium model parts;

(2) The surface stripes of the formed parts are more obvious;

(3) The structural strength in the thickness direction is relatively weak, because the extruded wire is stacked in layers in a molten state, and the bonding force between adjacent cross-sectional contour layers is limited, so the molded part is in the thickness direction. structural strength is weak.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an electrical control system and method for a non-metal fused deposition additive and subtractive 3D printing equipment, so as to solve the above technical problems.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

An electrical control system for a non-metal fused deposition additive-subtractive material 3D printing device, comprising a control module and an additive system, the additive system includes a beating mechanism and a heating module arranged in a printing cavity, the control module is used to control The heating module heats the printing cavity, and at the same time controls the printing head to process according to the preset model program to be processed, and simultaneously controls the flapping mechanism to flap the processed product along the printing path.

Further, the additive system further includes an anti-drawing mechanism disposed on the print head, and when the print head jumps, the control module is configured to control the anti-drawing mechanism to block the print head.

Further, the additive system further includes a vacuum adsorption mechanism, and the control module is configured to control the vacuum adsorption mechanism to perform vacuum adsorption on the printing substrate.

Further, the additive system further includes a laser ranging module, and the control module is configured to control the laser ranging module to measure the height of the processed product.

Further, the additive system further includes a loading and unloading system, and the control module is configured to control the loading and unloading system to add raw materials into the printing cavity.

Further, the electrical control system further includes a material reduction system, and the control module is further configured to control the material reduction system to perform material reduction processing on the products that have been additively processed.

An electrical control method for a non-metal fused deposition increase and decrease material 3D printing device, based on the control system, comprising: during printing, the control module controls the heating module to heat the printing cavity, and simultaneously controls the print head according to a preset The model program to be processed is processed, and at the same time, the flapping mechanism is controlled to flap the processed product along the printing path.

Further, when the print head jumps, the control module controls the wire-pulling mechanism to block the print head.

Further, it also includes that, during printing, the control module controls the vacuum adsorption mechanism to perform vacuum adsorption on the printing substrate.

Further, it also includes that, when printing, the control module controls the laser ranging module to measure the height of the processed product.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention at least has the following beneficial effects:

During printing, the control module controls the heating module to heat the printing cavity, controls the printing head to process according to the preset model program to be processed, and controls the flapping mechanism to flap the processed product along the printing path. The heating module is used to heat the printing cavity to keep the temperature in the cavity at the set temperature to prevent deformation during the printing of large models; the printing path is tapped and compressed by the tapping mechanism to ensure the quality and stability of the printed product.

Further, when the print head jumps, the control module controls the anti-drawing mechanism to block the print head. The anti-drawing design uses the cylinder expansion and contraction to control the opening and closing of the extrusion head to prevent the drawing phenomenon during the printing process, which is for post-processing. to offer comfort.

Further, during printing, the control module controls the vacuum adsorption mechanism to perform vacuum adsorption on the printing substrate, that is, the use of the vacuum adsorption mechanism can ensure the stability of the workpiece base during the printing process.

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below, and are described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. , for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an electrical control system of a non-metal fused deposition additive-subtractive material 3D printing device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, an electrical control system of a non-metal fused deposition material addition and subtraction 3D printing equipment includes a control module, an additive system and a subtractive system, and the additive system includes a beating mechanism , a heating module arranged in the printing cavity, an anti-drawing mechanism, a vacuum adsorption mechanism, a laser ranging module and a loading and unloading system arranged on the print head. When printing, the control module is used to control the vacuum adsorption mechanism to vacuum adsorb the printing substrate, the control module is used to control the loading and unloading system to add raw materials to the printing cavity, the control module is used to control the heating module to heat the printing cavity, and at the same time control the printing head. Process according to the preset model program to be processed, and control the flapping mechanism to flap the processed product along the printing path; the control module is used to control the laser ranging module to measure the height of the processed product; when the print head jumps, control the The module is used to control the anti-drawing mechanism to block the print head. When the additive printing is completed, the control module is also used to control the subtractive system to perform subtractive processing on the products that have been additively processed.

The present invention provides an electrical control method for a 3D printing device of non-metal fused deposition increase and decrease material. Based on the control system provided by the present invention, the method includes: during printing, the control module controls the vacuum adsorption mechanism to vacuum adsorb the printing substrate, so as to prevent the printing substrate from being in the process of printing. movement, resulting in unsatisfactory printing results. The control module controls the loading and unloading system to add raw materials to the printing cavity, the control module controls the heating module to heat the printing cavity, at the same time controls the print head to process according to the preset model program to be processed, and controls the flapping mechanism to process the processed products along the printing path. To beat, the control module controls the laser ranging module to measure the height of the processed product. When the print head jumps, the control module controls the anti-drawing mechanism to block the print head to prevent the heated raw material from drawing.

The following is a more detailed explanation of the electrical control system and control method of the non-metal fused deposition additive and subtractive material 3D printing equipment.

The electrical control system of the non-metal fused deposition additive and subtractive 3D printing equipment is controlled by the control module. Each execution unit is controlled by the control module. There are two five-axis control channels (additive channel and subtractive channel) in the control module, which can be controlled according to the channel selection. Additive system and subtractive system, the subtractive system is a conventional five-axis milling machine, which is used to process the model printed by the additive system.

The additive system mainly includes a feed shaft, a main shaft, a beating mechanism, an automatic loading and unloading system, an anti-drawing mechanism arranged on the print head, a heating module arranged in the printing cavity, a laser ranging module and a vacuum adsorption mechanism, among which:

The feed axis mainly includes the motion axes of X, Y, and Z axes. The path trajectory is controlled by 3 axis directions. The main axis has two extrusion axes, E1 and E2. When printing the model, the spindle speed F is linearly proportional to the spindle speed n. .

After the automatic loading and unloading system is turned on, the material in the feeding bin can be automatically stored in the dryer. When the extrusion bin is short of material, the system controls to transport the raw material in the dryer to the discharging bin, and the discharging bin is heated and melted. , extruded through the spindle.

The beating mechanism is driven by a DC motor, the motor speed is adjustable, and it is controlled to compact the extruded material at a certain frequency to ensure the compactness of the printed model and the structural strength in the thickness direction.

The anti-drawing mechanism is driven by a cylinder and is mainly used when jumping during the printing process to prevent the printing jump or the melted material in the print head from sticking to the model after the printing is completed.

The heating module mainly includes heating the printing cavity and the printing head, turning on the heating function, the operation interface can display and set the temperature, and the temperature is adjusted by the temperature controller PID. The laser ranging module feeds back the distance between the laser ranging module and the substrate to the control module through 485 communication, and the control module can use the data to judge the printing progress, so as to estimate the printing time and facilitate management.

After the vacuum adsorption mechanism is turned on, the workpiece is adsorbed on the printing substrate during the printing process. At this time, the anti-drawing mechanism can be used to improve the stability of the printing process of the equipment and prevent the printing effect from moving during printing.

The present invention is a method for electrical control of a non-metal fused deposition increase and decrease material 3D printing equipment, which is specifically as follows:

S1. Manually pour raw materials into the feeding bin, and turn on the feeding function on the operation interface of the numerical control system. At this time, the dryer automatically sucks and dries the raw materials; at this time, if there is no material in the discharging bin, the system will automatically control the solenoid valve to blow air. , transport the dryer material to the discharge bin.

S2. Set the heating temperature of the printing cavity and the printing head on the interface and turn on the heating function. The control module will perform PID adjustment and heating according to the set temperature and the feedback of the heating module (thermocouple). When the heating reaches the set temperature, the control module will Then control it to maintain the current temperature.

S3. According to the size of the printing model, select the large/small print head in the interface. By default, the small print head is lower than the large print head. When the large print head is selected, the small print head automatically rises to a higher position than the large print head; when When the small printhead is selected, the default position is restored.

S4. Use the slicing software to convert the model into G code and import it into the control system, switch the channel mode of the control module to the additive channel, select the automatic mode, click the start button, and the system will automatically run according to the G code.

S5. When printing starts, the vacuum adsorption mechanism and the flapping mechanism are automatically opened, the shaft starts to move after the opening is completed, the speed of the extrusion shaft and the feed shaft are matched in real time, and the extrusion shaft and the anti-drawing mechanism are automatically associated. When the extrusion shaft rotates , the anti-drawing mechanism is automatically turned on, and it is turned off when it stops; in the process of printing the model, if it encounters a point that needs to be jumped, the extrusion shaft will be stopped, the anti-drawing mechanism will be closed, and it will be automatically turned on when it jumps to the next printing point.

S6. After the model printing is completed, the heating of the print head, the automatic feeding system, the beating mechanism and the extrusion shaft stop, and the feed shaft automatically returns to the origin.

S7. Import the processing G code into the control system, switch the control module channel mode to the material reduction channel, select the automatic mode, click the start button, and the system will automatically run according to the G code.

S8. After the processing is completed, the vacuum adsorption mechanism, the cavity heating, the main shaft are automatically turned off, and the feed axis is automatically returned to the origin. At this point, the entire control process is completed.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, and are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although referring to the foregoing The embodiment has been described in detail the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand: any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments. Or can easily think of changes, or equivalently replace some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be covered in the present invention. within the scope of protection. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An electrical control system for a non-metal fused deposition material addition and subtraction 3D printing device, characterized in that it includes a control module and an additive system, and the additive system includes a beating mechanism and a heating module arranged in the printing cavity, so The control module is used to control the heating module to heat the printing cavity, control the printing head to process according to the preset model program to be processed, and control the flapping mechanism to flap the processed product along the printing path. 2. The electrical control system of a non-metal fused deposition additive and subtractive 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the additive system further comprises an anti-drawing mechanism arranged on the print head, when the print head jumps , the control module is used to control the anti-drawing mechanism to block the print head. 3 . The electrical control system of a non-metal fused deposition additive-subtractive material 3D printing device according to claim 1 , wherein the additive system further comprises a vacuum adsorption mechanism, and the control module is used to control the vacuum adsorption mechanism. 4 . Vacuum adsorption on the printing substrate. 4. The electrical control system of a non-metal fused deposition material addition and subtraction 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the additive system further comprises a laser ranging module, and the control module is used to control the laser measurement Height measurement of processed products from the module. 5 . The electrical control system of a non-metal fused deposition material addition and subtraction 3D printing equipment according to claim 1 , wherein the material addition system further comprises a loading and unloading system, and the control module is used to control the loading and unloading system. 6 . Add raw materials to the print cavity. 6 . The electrical control system of a non-metal fused deposition material addition and subtraction 3D printing equipment according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical control system further comprises a material reduction system, and the control module is further used to control the material reduction system. 7 . The system performs subtractive processing on products that have been additively processed. 7. An electrical control method for a non-metal fused deposition increase and decrease material 3D printing device, characterized in that, based on the control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: during printing, the control module controls the heating The module heats the printing cavity, at the same time controls the print head to process according to the preset model program to be processed, and controls the flapping mechanism to flap the processed product along the printing path. 8 . The electrical control method for a non-metal fused deposition additive-subtractive material 3D printing device according to claim 7 , further comprising: when the print head jumps, the control module controls the wire-drawing mechanism to The print head is blocked. 9 . The electrical control method for a non-metal fused deposition additive-reduction material 3D printing device according to claim 7 , further comprising: during printing, the control module controls the vacuum adsorption mechanism to vacuum the printing substrate. 10 . adsorption. 10 . The electrical control method of a non-metal fused deposition additive-subtractive material 3D printing device according to claim 7 , further comprising: during printing, the control module controls the laser ranging module to process the processed products. 11 . Take a height measurement.

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